réservoir d'essence, gasoline tank

7. carburateur, carbureter or carburettor, in gasoline motors an appliance for producing a mixture of air and gasoline vapor.

8. piles sèches, dry piles (or batteries), a form of the voltaic pile, constructed without the use of a liquid.

Page 191. — 1. bobine d'induction; cf. page 179, note 4. 2. carter en aluminium, aluminum case.

VOCABULARY

VOCABULARY

à, to, at, with, by, for, in, on.

abaissement, m., lowering, fall-

ing, fall, dépression.

abaisser, to lower; s' — , to fall,

sink.

abandonner, to abandon, surren-

der, give up.

abattre, to fell, eut down.

abbé, m., abbé, abbot, priest abdominal, -e, abdominal, abeille, /*., bee.

abîme, m., abyss.

abondamment, abundantly, in

abundance.

abondance,/"., abundance.

abondant, -e, abundant.

abonder, to abound.

abord, m., approach ; d' — , at

first; tout d' — , at the very

first.

abordable, approachable.

aborder, to approach, enter upon.

aboutir, to end, corne out, termi-

nate.

abri, m., shelter, cover. screen;

mettre, placer à 1' — , to shelter,

protect.

abriter, to shelter, shield; s' — ,

to take shelter.

abrupt, -e, rugged, abrupt, absence,/., absence.

absolu, -e, absolute, positive.

absolument, absolutely, posi-

tively.

absorbant, -e, absorbent, absorber, to absorb.

absorption,/., absorption, abstraction,/., abstraction; faire

— de, to take away, exclude.

abstrait, -e, abstract, abstruse, acacia, m., acacia, accabler, to overwhelm.

accélérer, to accelerate, quicken,

hasten.

accentué, -e, accentuated, marked,

decided.

accentuer (s'), to be accentuated,

emphasized.

acception, /., acceptation, sensé,

meaning.

accessible, accessible, accessoire, accessory.

accident, m., accident, accidentel, -le, accidentai, occa-

sional. accidentellement, accidentally.

accommodation,/., adjustment.

accommoder, to accommodate,

adapt; s' — , to be adjusted;

s' — de, to accept readily, get

along with.

accompagner, to accompany.

accomplir, to accomplish, complète; s' — , to be accomplished.

accomplissement, m., accomplish-

ment, performance, accord, w., agreement; être d' — ,

to agrée, be agreed.

accorder, to accord, give, grant;

s' — , to agrée.

VOCABULARY

accroissement, m., increase,

growth.

accroître (s'), to increase, extend.

accrue, see accroître, accumulation,/., accumulation, accumuler, to accumulate, store

up.

acharner (s'), to apply one's self,

strive.

achat, m., purchase. achever, to complète, finish.

achromatique, achromatic.

acide, m., acid.

acidulé, -e, acidulated, acidulous,

somewhat acid.

acier, m., steel.

acoustique, /"., acoustics, the

science of sounds.

acquérir, to acquire, get.

acquise, see acquérir, acte, m., act, action, acti-f , -ve, active, action,/., action, actionner, to run, move, drive, activement, actively.

activité,/., activity, action, actuel, -le, actual, présent, actuellement, at présent, at the

présent time, now.

acuité,/., acuteness.

adapter, to adapt, apply, fit.

adhérent, -e, adhèrent.

adhérer, to adhère, stick fast.

adjonction,/, joining.

admettre, to admit, admirable, admirable, admiration,/, admiration, admirer, to admire, admis, see admettre, adonné, -e, addicted, given.

adopter, to adopt.

adoption, /., adoption, adorer, to worship, adore, adulte, adult, full grown.

aérien, -ne, aërial, of the air.

aériforme, aëriform, gaseous.

affaiblir, to weaken ; s' — , to grow faint.

affaiblissement, m., weakening.

affaires,/ plur., business, affaisser (s'), to sink, subside,

give way.

affecter, to affect, assume, ap-

propriate.

affection,/, affection, infirmity.

affirmati-f, -ve, affirmative, affirmation,/, affirmation.

affirmer, to affirm, assert, affreu-x, -se, dreadful, frightful,

terrible, affronter, to face, affût, m., gun-carriage.

afin de, in order to; afin que, in

order that.

africain, -e, African.

Afrique,/, Africa.

âge, m., âge, century; moyen — ,

Middle Ages.

âgé, -e, old, aged.

agent, m., agent, agglomération, /., agglomération,

mass.

aggloméré, -e, agglomerated.

agilité,/, agility.

agir, to act, work ; s' — de, to be

a question of.

agitation,/, agitation.

agiter, to agitate, shake, stir-

s' — , to stir, move.

agrafe,/, hook, clasp.

agrandir, to enlarge, magnify.

agricole, agricultural.

agriculture,/, agriculture.

agronome, m., agriculturist.

aide,/, aid, assistance, aider, to aid.

aient, see avoir, aigu, -e, acute.

aiguille,/, needle, point, aiguiser, to whet, sharpen.

aile, /, wing.

ailette, /., wing, blade, wheel,

paddle, fan, vane.

ailleurs, elsewhere; d' — , besidee

moreover.

aimable, amiable, attractive.

VOCABULARY

aimant, m., pierre d' — , load-

stone, magnet.

aimantation,/., magnetization.

aimanté, -e, magnetic, magnet-

ized.

aimanter, to magnetize.

aimer, to love, like.

aîné, -e, elder, eldest, senior, ainsi, thus, so; — que, as well

as, just as, as.

air, m., air, wind; en plein — , in

the open air.

aire,/., area.

aisé, -e, easy.

aisément, easily.

ait, see avoir, ajouter, to add ; s' — , to be

added.

ajuster, to adjust; s' — , to fit.

albâtre, m., alabaster.

aliment, m., food, nutrition, alimentaire, alimentary.

alimentation, /., alimentation,

nutrition, alimenter, to feed, supply.

alizé, trade (of wind).

Allemagne,/., Germany.

allemand, -e, German.

Allemand, m., German.

aller, to go.

alliage, m., alloy.

allier, to combine, alloy.

allongé, -e, lengthened, long,

elongated.

allonger, to lengthen; s' — , to

lengthen, be lengthened, grow

longer, allumage, m., lighting.

allumer (s'), to be lighted,

kindled.

allumette,/., match, allure,/., speed, motion, manner,

way.

alors, then ; — que, when.

Alpes,/.//., Alps.

alpha, m., alpha, name of star.

alphabet, m., alphabet.

alpin, -e, Alpine.

altération, /., change, détérioration.

altérer, to injure, mar, impair, lessen, change.

alternative,/, alternative.

alternativement, alternately.

aluminium, m., aluminium, aluminum.

amarrer, to make fast.

amas, m., heap, hoard, mass.

amasser, to heap, heap up.

amateur, m., lover, amateur.

ambassade,/, embassy.

ambre, m., amber.

aménagement, m., management.

amener, to bring, bring about, induce.

américain, -e, American.

Amérique, /., America ; — du Sud, South America; — du Nord, North America.

ami, m., friend.

amidon, m., starch.

amincir, to make thin ; s' — , to become thin.

ammoniacal, -e, ammoniacal, ammoniac, relating to ammonia.

ammoniaque,/, ammonia.

amoindrir, to lessen.

amonceler, to heap up, accumulate.

amoncellement, m., heaping up.

accumulation.

amorphe, amorphous.

amour, m., love.

amphibie, amphibious.

amphore,/, amphora.

amplifiant, -e, magnifying.

amplification, /., enlargement, increase.

amplifié, -e, enlarged, magnified.

amplifier, to enlarge, magnify.

ampoule, /., vessel, vial, blister, bubble.

amusement, m., amusement.

amuser (s'), to amuse one's self, enjoy one's self.

an, m., year.

VOCABULARY

analogie,/., analogy, similarity.

analogue, analogous, similar.

analyse,/., anal y sis.

analyser, to analyze.

anatomie,/., anatomy.

anatomique, anatomical.

anatomiste, m., anatomist.

ancêtre, ;«., ancestor.

ancien, -ne, ancient, old, former, ancien, m., ancient. anciennement, formerly.

ancienneté,/., oldness, antiquity.

Andes,/., Andes, anéantir, to annihilate, destroy.

anémone, /., anémone, wind-

flower.

anfractuosité, /., anfractuosity,

winding and turning.

anglais, -e, English.

Anglais, m., English, Englishman.

angle, m., angle.

Angleterre,/., England.

animal, -e, animal, animal, m., animal, animé, -e, animated, living, ani-

mate.

animer, to animate, enliven; s' — ,

to become animated.

annales,/ plur., annals.

anneau, m., ring, année,/., year.

annoncer, to announce, foretell.

annuel, -le, annual, yearly.

annulaire, annular, ring-shaped.

anomalie, /., anomaly, irregular-

ity.

anormal, -e, abnormal, irregular.

anse,/, handle.

antagoniste, antagonistic.

antédiluvien, -ne, antediluvian.

antéhistorique, prehistoric.

antérieur, -e, anterior, previous,

front, fore, anthropologiste, m., anthropol-

ogist, one versed in the science

of man. Antilles, /., Antilles, West In-

dies.

antique, antique, ancient.

antiquité,/, antiquity.

apercevoir, to perceive; s' — , to perceive, be perceived.

aperçu, m., glimpse, thought, hint ; see apercevoir.

aplanir, to level.

aplati, -e, flattened, flat.

aplomb, m., perpendicularity.

apparaître, to appear.

appareil, m., apparatus, appliance, instrument.

apparence,/, appearance.

apparent, -e, apparent.

apparition, /., apparition, appearance.

appartement, m., apartments, rooms.

appartenir, to belong, pertain.

apparu, see apparaître.

appeler, to call, name; s' — , to be called, named.

applaudir à, to applaud, commend.

applaudissements, m. pi., applause.

applicable, applicable.

application,/., application.

appliquer, to apply, put, lay; s' — , to be applied.

apport, m., contribution.

apporter, to bring, cause, occasion, use, apply.

appréciable, appréciable.

appréciation,/., estimate.

apprécier, to appreciate.

apprendre, to apprize (of), inform (of), acquaint (with), learn, teach.

appris, see apprendre.

approcher (de), to approach, draw near (to), bring near (to) ; s' — ■ de, to approach.

approfondi, -e, thorough, exhaustive.

approprier, to adapt.

approximation, /., approximation.

VOCABULARY

approximativement, approxi-

mately.

appui, m., support.

appuyé, -e, supported, resting.

appuyer, to support, rest, press,

lean; s' — , to support one's

self, press, rely, dépend, après, after, aftenvards; — que,

after; d' — , according to, from.

apte, apt, fit, suited.

aptitude,/., aptitude, fitness.

aquatique, aquatic, aqueu-x, -se, aqueous.

Arabe, m., Arabian, Arab.

arbre, m., tree, shaft.

arbuste, m., shrub.

arc, m., arc, arch.

arc-en-ciel, m., rainbow.

arche,/., arch.

archéologue, m., archœologist.

archiduc, m., archduke.

architectural, -e, architectural, architecture,/., architecture.

ardent, -e, ardent, burning.

ardeur,/., heat, burning.

arête,/., ridge, edge.

argent, m., silver, money.

argile,/., clay.

argileu-x, -se, clayey, clayish.

argument, m., argument, armature,/., armature, arme,/., arm, weapon; — s à feu,

fire-arms.

armer (s'), to arm one's self, aromatique, aromatic.

arracher, to tear away, snatch,

wrest.

arrêt, m., arrest, stop, arrêter, to stop, arrest, check;

s' — , to stop, arrière, behind, backward.

arrière, m., rear, stem, back; en

— , backward, ago.

arriéré, -e, backward, ancient.

arrivée,/., arrivai, arriver, to happen, arrive, suc-

ceed, reach.

arrondir, to round.

arroser, to sprinkle, shower, wet through.

art, m., art.

article, m., article, subject.

articuler, to articulate.

artifice, m., artifice, contrivance.

artificiel, -le, artificial.

artificiellement, artificially.

artiste, m., artist.

ascendant, -e, ascending.

ascension,/., ascent, rise.

Asie,/., Asia.

asile, m., place of refuge, shelter.

aspect, m., aspect, appearance.

aspirer à, to aspire after.

assainir, to make wholesome, render fertile, productive.

assainissement, m., making healthy, wholesomeness, fertility, healthfulness, drainage.

assassiner, to assassinate.

assemblage, m., collection, junction, joint, coupling.

assemblée,/., assembly.

asseoir, to set, place, establish.

assertion,/., assertion, statement.

assez, enough, quite, sufficiently, tolerably, rather.

assidu, -e, assiduous, diligent.

assigner, to assign.

assimilation,/, comparison.

assimiler, to assimilate, compare; s' — , to assimilate.

assistant, m., person présent, onlooker, assistant.

assister à, to be présent at, attend.

association, /., association.

associer, to associate, unité.

assujettir, to fasten, make fast, firm.

assurance, /., insurance, assurance.

assurer, to render safe, assert, assure, secure; s' — (de), to make sure (of), ascertain.

astre, m., star, heavenly body; — du jour, sun.

VOCABULARY

astronome, »/., astronomer.

astronomie,/., astronomy.

astronomique, astronomical.

athlétique, athletic,

Atlantique, Atlantic.

atmosphère, /., atmosphère.

atmosphérique, atmospheric.

atome, ;//., atom.

attacher, to attach, fasten, tie; s' — , to be fastened, stick, adhère, be fixed; s' — à, to endeavor to.

attaque,/., attack.

attaquer, to attack; s' — à, to encounter.

atteindre, to reach, attain, arrive at, strike, hit.

atteinte, /., attack, touch, contact.

attendre, to wait for, await.

attendu que, considering that.

attenti-f, -ve, attentive.

attention,/., attention.

attentivement, attentively.

atténué, -e, attenuated, weakened.

atténuer, to attenuate, weàken.

attester, to attest.

attirer, to attract, draw; s' — , to attract each other.

attouchement, m., touch.

attraction, /., attraction.

attrait, m., attraction, charm.

attribuer, to attribute, ascribe.

attribut, m., attribute.

au, to trie, at the, in the.

auberge,/., inn, tavern.

aucun, -e, any; ne . . . — , no, not any, none.

audacieu-x, -se, daring, bold.

auditoire, m., audience.

augmentation, /., increase.

augmenter, to augment, increase.

aujourd'hui, to-day.

auparavant, before.

auquel, to whom, to which.

aurait, see avoir.

aurochs, m., aurochs, bison.

aurore, /., dawn, aurora ; — boréale, aurora borealis.

aussi, also, too, likewise, there-

fore, so, as.

aussitôt, immediately; — que,

as soon as.

Australie,/., Australia.

autant, as much, so much, as

many, so many; d' — plus, so

much the more; d' — moins,

so much the less.

autel, m., altar.

auteur, m., author.

authentique, authentic.

automne (m silent), m., autumn.

automobile, /., automobile, automobilisme, m., automobiling.

autorisation, /., authorization.

autoriser, to authorize.

autorité,/., authority.

autour (de), around, round, autre, other ; d' — s, others.

autrefois, formerly.

autrement, otherwise, différent! y.

Autriche,/., Austria. auxquels, auxquelles, to v\hom,

to which, at which.

avance, /., advance ; d' — , par

— , in advance.

avancé, -e, advanced.

avancer, to advance, hold; s' — ,

to advance, move.

avant, before, far; — de, — que,

before.

avant, m., front; en — , forward:

in front; en — de, before, in

front of.

avantage, m., advantage.

avare, avaricious, sparing.

avarie,/., damage, injury.

avec, with.

avenir, m., future, avertir, to inform, advise, warn.

aveugle, blind.

aveugle, m., blind man.

aviser (s'), to bethink one's self,

take it into one's head.

avocat, m., lawyer.

VOCABULARY

avoir, to hâve.

avoisinant, -e, neighboring, adjacent.

avoisiner, to be near, border upon, be adjacent to.

axe, m., axis.

axiome, m., axiom.

ayant, see avoir.

azote, m., azote, nitrogen.

bac, m., ferry-boat.

bague, /., ring.

baie,/., bay.

baigner, to bathe.

bain, m., bath.

baisser, to drop, fall.

balance, /., pair of scales.

balancement, ;«., swinging, rock-

ing.

balancier, m., pendulum, balance,

walking-beam, cross-beam!

balcon, m., balcony.

balle,/., bail, bullet.

ballon, m., balloon.

balustrade, /., railing.

bambou, m., bamboo.

bande,/., band, strip.

bannir, to banish.

baquet, m., tub, bucket.

barbarie,/., barbarity.

barbe, /., beard, feather (of

quills). barillet, m., condenser, baromètre, m., barometer.

barométrique, barometric.

barque,/., bark, boat.

barre,/., bar, bank.

barreau, m., bar.

barrière,/., barrier.

bas, -se, low.

bas, m., bottom; en — , down-

ward, below, down.

basané, -e, sunburnt, swarthy.

base./., basis, base, foundation.

baser, to base.

bassin, m., basin ; — houiller,

coal-field, coal-basin.

bateau, ///., boat; — à vapeur,

steamboat.

bâtiment, ///., building, ship, boat,

vessel ; — à voiles, sailing ves-

sel; en — , upon a building, bâtit, to build.

bâton, m., stick, staff, baume, m., balm, mint.

beau, bel, belle, fine, beautiful,

fair.

beau, m., fair weather, fair.

beaucoup, much, many.

beauté,/., beauty.

bec, m., burner.

bêche,/., spade.

bel, see beau.

Belgique,/., Belgium.

belle, see beau, belle-de-nuit,/., four-o'clock.

béquille, /., crutch, bar, rod,

lever. berger, m., shepherd.

besoin, m., need; au — , in case

of need.

bétail, m., cattle, live-stock.

bête,/., beast, animal.

bicarboné, -e, carbureted; hydrogène — , marsh gas.

biconvexe, biconvex.

bicyclette, /., bicycle, bielle,/, connecting-rod.

bien, well, right, indeed, very,

quite, much, many ; ou —,

either, or else.

bien que, although.

bien-être, m., welfare, comfort.

bienfaisant, -e, beneficent, kind.

bienfait, m., benefit, advantage.

bientôt, soon.

binoculaire, binocular, of both

eyes.

bisannuel, -le, biennial.

bizarre, bizarre, odd, strange.

blanc, blanche, white.

blanc, m., white, white color.

blanchâtre, whitish.

VOCABULARY

blancheur,/., whiteness.

blesser, to wound.

bleu, -e, blue.

bleu, m., blue.

bleuâtre, bluish.

bloc, m., block, boulder.

bobine,/., bobbin, réel, coil.

bœuf, m., ox.

boire, to drink.

bois, m., wood, horn.

boîte,/., box, case.

bol, m., bowl.

bon, -ne, good.

bonheur, m., happiness, good fortune.

bord, m., border, edge, brink; à — , on board.

border, to border, line.

bordure,/., border, bordering.

boréal, -e, boréal, northern.

borne,/., limit.

borner, to limit; se — , to limit one's self, be limited.

botaniste, m., botanist.

bouche,/, mouth.

boucher, to stop, stop up.

bouchon, m., stopper, cork.

boue,/, mud, mire.

bougie,/, wax-candle, candie.

bouillant, -e, boiling.

bouillir, to boil.

boule,/, bail.

bouleau, m., birch-tree.

boulet, m., bail, bullet.

boulon, m., boit.

bouquetin, m., wild goat.

bourbeu-x, -se, miry, muddy.

bourgeon, m., shoot, bud.

bourse,/, purse.

boussole,/, compass; — marine, mariner's compass, sea-compass.

bout, m., end.

bout, see bouillir.

bouteille,/, bottle.

bracelet, m., bracelet.

branche,/, branch.

bras, m., arm.

brasier, m., brazier, fire of live

coals.

braver, to brave, set at défiance, brebis,/., sheep.

brèche,/, breach, break, gap. Brésil, m., Brazil.

brevet, m., patent, breveté, -e, patented.

bride,/, bridle.

brillant, -e, bright, brilliant.

briller, to shine.

brin, m., blade, spear, bit.

brique,/., brick, brise, /., breeze ; — de mer, sea

breeze ; — de terre, land breeze.

brisé, -e, broken.

briser, se — , to break, bronze, m., bronze, hard brass.

brouillard, m., fog, mist.

brouter, to browse, feed on.

bruit, m., noise, report, roar.

brûlant, -e, burning; hot.

brûler, to burn.

brûleur, m., burner.

brûlure,/, burn.

brun, -e, brown, dark.

brusque, sudden, abrupt, brusquement, abruptly, suddenly,

unexpectedly.

brut, -e, rough, unpolished.

brutal, -e, brutal, rough.

bruyère,/, heath, heather.

bûche, /., log, stick of wood.

bulle,/, bubble.

but, m., aim, end, purpose.

ça, hère.

cabane,/., cottage, cabin, hut.

câble, m., cable, cacher, to conceal, hide.

cadavre, m., corpse, dead body.

cadran, m., dial, card.

cadre, ;«., frame, outline.

caillou, m., flint, pebble.

caisse,/, box, chest, drum, frame.

VOCADULARV

calcaire, calcareous.

calcul, ///., calculation.

calculer, to calculate.

calme, m., caim.

calme, calm, quiet.

calorifique, calorific, heating.

calorique, m., calorie, heat.

camée, m., camco.

campagnard, m., countryman.

campagne, /., country, région,

rural district.

canal, m., canal, channel, conduit, canalisation,/., canalization.

canard, m., duck.

canon, m., cannon.

canot, m., boat, canœ.

cantatrice,/., public singer, caoutchouc, m., rubber.

cap, m., head.

capable, capable, able.

capacité,/., capacity.

capitaine, »., captain.

capital, -e, capital, chief, leading.

caprice, m., caprice, whim.

capricieu-x, -se, capricious.

car, for, because.

caractère, m., characteristic, char-

acter.

caractériser, to characterize.

caractéristique, characteristic.

carafe,/., carafe, water-bottle.

carbonate, m., carbonate, carbonate, -e, in the form of a

carbonate.

carbone, m., carbon. carbonifère, carboniferous.

carbonique, carbonic.

carbonisé, -e, carbonized, charred.

carboniser, to carbonize, char, carburé, -e, carburized, rich in

carbon.

cardium, m., kind of mollusk,

cockle.

Carnivore, carnivorous.

carré, -e, square, carré, m., square.

carreau, m., square, pane, carrossable, for carriages.

carte,/., map, chart, card.

carton, ni., pasteboard, card, card-

board.

cas, m., case.

cassant, -e, brittle, breakable.

casser, to break, castor, m., beaver.

cataclysme, m., cataclysm, déluge,

subversion, overthrow.

cathédrale, /., cathedral.

cause,/., cause, reason; à — de,

on account of.

causer, to cause, cavalier, m., horseman, rider, caverne,/, cavern, cave, cavité,/., cavity, hollow.

ce, this, that, it, he, she, they.

céder, to yield, give way.

ceinture,/., girdle, belt, zone, cela, that.

célèbre, celebrated.

céleste, celestial.

celle, she, that, the one; - — ci,

this one, this, the latter.

cellule,/., cell.

celui, he, that, the one; — ci,

this one, the latter.

cendre,/., cinder, ashes.

cendré, -e, ash-colored, grayish.

cent, hundred.

cent-millionième, hundred-mil-

lionth.

centaine,/., hundred.

Centaure, m., Centaur.

centième, m., hundredth.

centimètre, m., centimeter (.3937

of an inch).

central, -e, central, centre, m., center.

centrifuge, centrifugal.

cependant, however, yet, never-

theless.

céramique, /., ceramics.

cercle, m., circle, sphère, céréale,/, cereal.

cerf, m., deer, stag.

certain, -e, certain, certainement, certainly.

VOCABULARY

certes, certainly, surely.

certifier, to certify.

certitude,/., certainty.

cerveau, m., brain.

cesse, /., ceasing; sans — , in-

cessantly, continually.

cesser, to cease. cet, m., cette,/., this, that.

ceux, plur. of celui, chacun, -e, each one, every one.

chaîne,/, chain, range, ridge.

chair,/, flesh, méat, chaire,/, pulpit.

chaleur, /., heat, warmth, hot

weather, heated period.

chambre, /., chamber, room ; —

noire, — obscure, caméra ob-

scura, caméra.

champ, ;/'., field.

champêtre, rural.

chance,/, chance, changement, m., change, changer, to change, chanter, to sing.

chaos (ka-o), m., chaos chapeau, m., hat.

chapiteau, m., capital.

chaque, each, every.

charbon, m., coal, charcoal, carbon;

— de terre, pitcoal, bituminous

coal.

charge,/, burden, load, charge.

Charger, to load, burden, charge;

se — , to take upon one's self,

undertake.

chariot, m., wagon, truck.

charme, m., charm.

charmer, to charm.

charpente,/, timber-work, frame-

work, frame, skeleton.

charron, m., wheelvvright.

chasse,/., hunting.

chasser, to drive, drive out.

chasseur, m., hunter. châssis, 7n., frame, truck.

chat, m., cat.

chatouillement, m., tickling.

chaud, -€, warm, hot.

chaudière,/, boiler; —à vapeur,

steam boiler.

chauffage, m., heating, fuel, chauffer, to heat, warm, get up

steam.

chauffeur, m., chauffeur, automobile-driver.

chaume, m., thatch." chaussée,/, roadway, road.

chaussure, /., covering for the

foot, boot, shoe.

chaux,/., lime, chemin, m., road, way; — de fer,

railroad, railway.

chêne, m., oak, oak-tree.

cher, chère, dear.

chercher, to search, seek, try, en-

deavor.

chéti-f, -ve, paltry, sorry,

wretched.

cheval, m., horse.

chevalet, m., wooden horse, saw-

horse.

chevaucher, to ride.

chevelu, m., beard, tuf t.

cheveu, m., hair.

chevreuil, m., roebuck, deer.

chez, at, to the house of, among,

with, in.

chien, m., dog. chiffre, m., figure, number.

chimie,/, chemistry.

chimique, chemical.

chimiste, m., chemist.

Chine,/, China, chinois, -e, Chinese.

Chinois, m., Chinese.

choc, m., shock, biow, impact, choisir, to choose.

choroïde,/, choroid.

chose,/., thing, matter.

chou, m., cabbage.

chrétien, -ne, Christian, christianisme, m., Christianity.

Christophe, m., Christopher.

chromosphère,/, chromosphere.

chronologique, chronological, of

time.

VOCABULARY

chute,/., fall, lapse.

ci-devant, before previously.

ciel, m., heaven, sky, firmament,

crown, roof, cime,/., summit, top.

ciment, m., cernent, cimetière, m., cemetery.

cinq, five.

cinquante, fifty.

cinquantième, fiftieth.

circonférence,/., circumference.

circonscrit, -e, circumscribed,

limited.

circonstance,/., circumstance.

circuit, m., circuit.

circulaire, circular. circulairement, circularly, in a

circle.

circulation,/., circulation, traffic.

circuler, to circulate, revolve, cire,/, wax.

ciseler, to carve, chisel.

cité,/, city.

citer, to cite, mention, citerne,/., cistern.

civilisation,/, civilization.

civilisé, -e, civilized.

clair, -e, clear, bright.

clairement, clearly.

clair-obscur, m., light and shade,

chiar-oscuro.

clarté,/, brightness, light.

clavicule,/, clavicle, collar-bone.

clavier, m., keyboard.

climat, m., climate.

cloche,/., bell, receiver, bell jar,

holder, cylinder.

cloison,/, wall, partition, septum.

clou, m., nail.

clouer, to nail, nail down.

club, m., club, cobalt, m., cobalt, coexister, to coexist.

coffre, m., box, seat (of coaches).

coin, m., corner, coïncider, to coincide.

coke, m., coke, colchique, m., meadow saffron.

collaboration, /., collaboration,

assistance, collecteur, m., collector, collecting

pipe, collection,/, collection, collier, ///., collar, necklace. Colomb, m., Columbus.

colonie,/, colony, settlement.

colonne,/, column.

coloration, /., coloration, color-

ing.

coloré -e, colored.

colorer, to color; se — , to be

colored, to take on color.

coloriste, m., colorist.

colossal, -e, colossal, combattre, to fight, fight against.

combien, how much, how many,

how.

combinaison,/, combination.

combiné, -e, united, combined.

combiner, se — , to combine, comburant, -e, burning, of combustion, combustible, m., fuel, combustible, combustion,/, combustion, comestible, edible.

comète,/, cornet.

commander, to command, order.

comme, as, like, as it were, as if,

in the matter of, in regard to, a

kind of.

commencement, m., beginning,

commencement.

commencer, to begin, commence, comment, how.

commerçant, m., merchant, trader.

commerce, m., commerce, trade,

business.

commercial, -e, commercial, commission,/., commission, com-

mittee. commode, convenient, accomodat-

ing.

commotion,/, commotion, shock.

commun, -e, common.

communication, /., communication.

VOCABULARY

communiquer, to communicate, impart; se — , to be communicated.

compacte, compact.

compagne, /., companion, helpmate.

compagnie,/., company.

comparable, comparable, to be compared.

comparaison,/., comparison.

comparer, to compare.

compartiment, ;«., compartment.

compas, m., compass, pair of compassés; — de route, sea-compass.

compatriote, m., fellow-countryman.

compenser, to compensate for.

complément, m., complément.

compl-et, -ète, complète, total.

complètement, completely, entirely.

compléter, to complète.

complexe, complex.

complication,/., complication.

compliqué, -e, complicated, intricate.

compliquer (se), to become complicated.

comporter, to admit of, allow; se — , to behave, act.

composé, -e, compound.

composé, m., compound, composite.

composer, to compose, make up; se — , to be composed.

composition, /., composition.

compréhensible, compréhensible.

comprendre, to understand, comprise, include.

compression,/., compression.

comprimer, to compress.

comprirent, see comprendre.

comprise, see comprendre.

comprit, see comprendre.

compromettre, to compromise, injure.

compte, m., account; tenir — de,

to take account of; se rendre

— de, to account for, take account of, realize; rendre — de,

to explain, make clear.

compter, to count, calculate,

number, comprise; se — , to be

reckoned, counted.

comté, ni., county, shire.

concave, concave, concave-convexe, concavo-convex.

concentration,/, concentration, concentrer, to concentrate ; se — ,

to be concentrated.

conception,/, conception, concerner, to concern, be con-

cerned with.

concevoir, to conceive, imagine,

understand.

concluant, -e, conclusive.

conclure, to conclude.

conclusion,/, conclusion, conçoit, see concevoir, concordance,/, agreement.

concorder, to agrée, concourir, to concur, cooperate.

concours, m., coopération, condamner (m silent), to con-

demn.

condensateur, m., condenser, condensation, /., condensation,

condensing.

condenser, to condense; se — , to

be condensed.

condenseur, m,, condenser.

condiment, m., condiment, sea-

soning.

condition,/, condition, conducteur, m., conductor, driver, conduc-teur, -trice, leading, con-

ducting.

conduire, to lead, conduct, take,

drive, run; se ■ — , to behave,

act.

conduit, m., pipe, tube, conduit,

canal, channel.

conduite,/, conducting, delivery,

pipe, canal, cône, m,, cône.

YOCABULARY

confesser, to confess, acknowledge.

confier, to intrust, extend.

configuration, /., configuration.

confiner, to confine.

confirmation,/., confirmation.

confirmer, to confirm.

confondre, to confound, confuse; se — , to be confused.

confondu, -e, mingled, blended, confounded, amazed.

conformation,/., form, structure.

conformément (à), conformably (to), in accordance (with).

confortable, ;«., comfort, convenience.

confus, -e, confused, indistinct.

confusément, confusedly, in confusion.

confusion,/., confusion.

congeler, to congeal, freeze.

conique, conical, tapering.

conjecture,/., conjecture.

connaissance, /., acquaintance, knowledge \phir., acquirements, knowledge, attainments.

connaître, to know, understand, be acquainted with.

connexion,/., connection, association.

connu, -e, known ; see connaître.

conquérir, to conquer, gain.

conquête,/., conquest.

conquis, see conquérir.

consacré, -e, usual, in use.

consacrer, to dévote, appropriate.

consciencieu-x, -se, conscientious.

conséquence, /., conséquence, effect.

conséquent, m., conséquent; par — , consequently.

conservatoire, m., conservatory.

conserver, to keep, préserve, keep up ; se — , to be kept.

considérable, considérable.

considérablement, considerably.

considération,/., considération.

considérer, to consider.

consistance,/., consistency.

consister (en), to consist (of).

consolider (se), to become solid,

grow firm.

consommateur, m., consumer.

consommer, to consume, constamment, constantly.

constance,/., stability.

constant, -e, constant, unchang-

ing.

constater, to ascertain, verify,

piove, establish.

constellation, /., constellation, constellé, -e, adorned, set, studded. constituer, to constitute, form;

se — , to be formed, constituted.

constitution,/., constitution, constructeur, m., builder, con-

structor, maker.

construction, /., structure, construction, construire, to construct.

consumer, to consume.

contact, m., contact, contempler, to contemplate.

contemporain, -e, contemporane-

ous.

contenir, to contain.

contenter (se), to content one's

self, be satisfied.

contenue, see contenir, conteste,/., dispute.

contester, to contest.

contient, see contenir, continent, m., continent.

continu, -e, continued, continuous.

continuel, -le, continuai.

continuellement, continually.

continuer, to continue; se — , to

extend, be continued.

continuité,/., continuity.

contour, m., outline, contour.

contourner, to pass around.

contracter, se — , to contract.

contraction,/, contraction, contradiction, /., contradiction, contraindre, to compel, force, contraire, contrary.

VOCAIiULARY

contraire, m., contrary, opposite;

au — , on the contrary.

contrairement, contrary.

contrarier, to contradict, oppose, contraste, m., contrast.

contraster, to contrast.

contre, against, close to, to.

contrebalancer (se), to be coun-

ter-balanced.

contrée, /"., country, région.

contrefort, m., spur, projection, contribuer, to contribute.

contrôle, m., control.

contrôler, to prove, verify.

contusion,/., contusion, bruise.

convaincre, to convince; se — , to

be convinced.

convenable, proper, suitable.

convenablement, properly.

convenir, to be proper, right, ad-

visable, expédient, convergence,/., convergence, convergent, -e, converging.

converger, to converge, conversation,/., conversation, convexe, convex.

convexité,/., convexity.

conviction,/., conviction, convulsion,/., convulsion.

Copenhague, Copenhagen.

coq, m., cock; — de bruyère,

grouse, woodcock. ■ coquetterie,/, coquetry.

coquillage, m., shellfish, shell.

coquille,/, shell.

corbillon, m., small basket, corde,/, cord, string, rope.

corne,/, horn. cornée,/, cornea.

cornue,/, retort, corolle,/, corolla.

corps, m., body, frame.

corrélation,/, corrélation, recip-

rocal relation, correspondance, /., correspondent, connection, intercourse, correspondant, -e, corresponding.

correspondre, to correspond.

corriger, to correct.

corrompre, to taint, spoil, corrupt.

corrosi-f, -ve, corrosive, eating

away.

corrosion, /., corrosion, wearing

away, rusting.

cosmique, cosmic.

côte,/., coast, seashore.

côté, m., side, direction; de — ,

to one side, sidewise; du — , on

the side; d'un — , on one side,

on (the) one hand ; à — de, by

the side of, besides.

couchant, m., west.

couche, /., layer, coat, stratum,

bed, covering.

couché, -e, lying, fallen.

coucher (se), to set, retire, go to

bed, lie, rest.

coucher, m., setting; — de soleil,

sunset. coudoyer (se), to elbow each other.

couler, to flow.

couleur,/, color.

coup, m., blow, stroke, gust; tout

d'un — , ail at once; tout à —,

suddenly.

couper, to eut, chop, eut off, stop,

check.

couple, m., couple.

courant, -e, running, current.

courant, m., current.

courbe,/., curve.

courber, se — , to bend, curve.

courbure, /., bend, curve, curv-

ature.

courir, to run, go, move.

couronne,/, crown, ring, couronnement, m., coronation.

couronner, to crown.

courroie,/., strap, belt, chain.

cours, ??i., course.

course, /., run, course, trip, cruise,

race, court, -e, short, couteau, m., knife.

coûter, to cost.

COÛteu-x, -se, expensive, costly.

VOCABULARV

couvert, -e, covered; see couvrir, couvrir, to cover; se — , to cover

one's self, crabe, m., crab. craindre, to fear.

crainte,/., fear.

cramponner (se), to cling.

crâne, m., skull, cranium.

crânien, -ne, relating to the skull.

cratère, m., crater.

crayon, m., crayon, pencil.

créateur, ///., creator.

création,/., création, créer, to create, produce, invent, crépitement, m., crackling.

crépuscule, m., twilight.

crête,/, crest, ridge.

creusage, m., digging.

creusement, m., digging.

creuser, to dig, hollow out.

creuset, m., crucible, melting-pot.

creu-x, -se, hollow.

crise,/., crisis.

cristal, m., crystal; — de roche,

rock-crystal.

cristallin, m., crystalline lens.

critique,/., criticism.

croire, to believe.

croisade,/, crusade.

croisement, m., intersection.

croiser, to cross, croissance,/, growth.' croissant, m., crescent.

croissant, -e, increasing.

croissent, see croître, croître, to grow.

croûte,/., crust.

orown-glass, m., crown-glass.

croyait, see croire, croyance,/., belief.

cru, see croire, cru, -e, raw, uncooked.

cruellement, cruelly, severely.

crustacé, m., crustacean, shell-

fish.

cubitus, m., ulna (bone of fore-

arm).

cuir, m., leather.

cuisine,/., kitchen, cooking, fare,

cuisine, cuisse,/, thigh, leg.

cuisson, /., cooking, baking, fir-

ing.

cuit, -e, cooked, baked.

cuivre, m., copper.

culée,/., abutment.

culinaire, culinary.

culte, m., worship.

cultivateur, m., cultivator, farmer.

cultiver, to cultivale.

culture,/, cultivation.

curieu-x, -se, curious.

curieux, m., curious fact.

curiosité,/, curiosity.

cuve,/., vat, tub, tank, cuvette,/, basin.

cycle, m., cycle, cygne, m., swan.

cylindre, m., cylinder.

cylindrique, cylindrical, round.

daim, ;«., deer.

dame,/, lady.

Danemark, m., Denmark.

danger, m., danger, péril.

dangereu-x, -se, dangerous.

danois, -e, Danish.

Danois, m., Dane.

dans, in, into, from.

darder, to dart.

date,/, date.

dater, to date.

davantage, more.

de, of, from, off, out of, with, by,

to, than, in, upon, on, as.

débarquer, to land.

débarasser, to rid, free; se ■ — , to

get rid.

débat, m., debate, discussion, débauche,/, debauch, dissipation, débit, m., product, output, flow.

déboucher, to pass out, open.

debout, upright, standing.

VOCABULARY

débris, m., ruins, remains.

début, m., beginning.

deçà : en — , on this side.

décharge,/., discharge.

décharger, to discharge.

déchirement, m., tearing, rending, upheaval.

déchirer, to tear, rend, shatter.

décisi-f, -ve, décisive.

déclinaison,/., declination, variation, deflection.

décoloré, -e, colorless.

décomposer, to décompose; se — , to décompose, be decomposed.

décomposition, /., décomposition.

décor, m., décoration, scenery.

découler, to flow, spring, proceed.

découper, to eut up, eut out.

découvert: à — , uncovered, exposed.

découverte, /., discovery.

découverts, see découvrir.

découvrir, to discover, perceive,

décrire, to describe. [reveal.

décroître, to decrease, diminish.

dédaigner, to disdain.

dedans, m., inside; en — , in.

dédoubler, to make into two.

déduire, to deduce.

défaut, m., defect, fault, flaw, want; faire — , to be wanting.

défaveur, /., disfavor.-

défavorable, unfavorable.

défectueu-x, -se, defective.

défendre, to défend, protect; se — , to refrain.

définir, to define.

définition, /., définition.

définitivement, f inally, def initely.

déformé, -e, deformed, distorted.

déformer (se), to be distorted, change form.

dégagement, m., évolution, libération, escape.

dégager, to liberate, set free, escape; se — , to be liberated, set free, evolved, disengage one's self, get away, get clear, escape.

dégénérer, to degenerate.

dégrader, to wear down, damage.

degré, m., degree.

dehors, outside, out.

dehors, m., exterior, outside; au ■ — , out, outside, without; en — , out; en — de, outside of, beyond.

déjà, already.

delà : au — (de), beyond.

délai, m., delay.

délétère, deleterious.

délicat, -e, délicate, tender.

délicatesse,/., delicacy.

délié, -e, untied, loose.

delta, m., delta.

déluge, m., flood, déluge.

demander, to ask, require, need; se — , to ask one's self.

démanteler, to dismantle.

démarrage, m., starting.

demeurant: au — , however, after ail.

demeure,/., abode, dwelling-place, dwelling.

demeurer, to dwell, live, remain.

demi -e, half.

demi, m., half; à — , half.

demi-heure,/., half hour.

demi-milliardième, half thousandmillionth.

demi-siècle, m., half-century.

démocratique, démocratie.

démolir (se), to be demolished, pulled down.

démonstrati-f, -ve, démonstrative.

démonstration, /., démonstration.

démonter, to take to pièces, take apart.

démontrer, to demonstrate, prove, show.

dense, dense.

densité,/., density.

dent,/., tooth.

dentelé, -e, lace-like, serrated.

dentelure, /., denticulation, indexation.

VOCABULARY

départ, m., departure, starting.

dépasser, to pass, extend, exeeed.

dépêche,/., dispatch.

dépendance,/., dependence.

dépendant, -e (de), dépendent

(on), dépendre (de), to dépend (upon).

dépens, m. plur., expense.

dépense,/., expense, expenditure,

outlay.

dépenser, to expend, consume, déplacemant, m., displacement,

shifting, change of place, déplacer (se), to change one's

place, be shifted. déployer, to unfold, spread out;

se — , to be spread out, dis-

played.

dépoli, -e, rough, unpolished, un-

ground.

déposer, to deposit ; se — , to be

deposited.

dépôt, m., deposit, sédiment, dépouille,/, skin, hide.

dépouiller, to strip, deprive, skin.

dépression,/., dépression, depuis, since, from, during, later,

for.

dépurateur, m., purifier, dériver, to be derived, spring.

dern-ier, -ière, last, farthest, lat-

ter.

dérober (à, from), to hide, shroud,

cover, conceal.

derrière, behind.

des, some, of the, from the.

dès, from; — que, as soon as,

when.

désaccord, m., disagreement.

désagréable, disagreeable, unpleas-

ant.

désaimantation, /., demagnetiza-

tion.

désaimanter, to demagnetize.

désastre, m., disaster.

désastreu-x, -se, disastrous.

descendant, -e, descending.

descendant, m., descendant.

descendre, to descend.

description,/., description.

désert, -e, deserted, forsaken.

désert, m., désert.

désigner, to designate, point out.

désirer, to désire.

désordonné, -e, disorderly, un-

restrained.

désordre, m., disorder.

désormais, henceforth.

desquel-s, -les, of which.

dessécher, to dry, dry up, drain;

se — , to dry, dry up.

dessiccation,/, drying.

dessin, m., design, figure, drawing,

sketch, dessiner, to draw, outline, deline-

ate; se — , to be delineated.

dessous, under, underneath ; par

— , underneath.

dessous : au — (de), below, below

(de), above, over,

it, under.

dessus: aubeyond.

dessus: par — , over.

destinée,/, destiny.

destiner, to intend, design, destine.

destruc-teur, -trice, destructive.

destruction, /., destruction.

détacher, to detach, tear off; se — , to be detached, break loose.

détail, m., détail.

détente,/, expansion.

détermination, /., détermination, determining, calculation.

déterminé, -e, definite, fixed, given, determined.

déterminer, to détermine, occasion, cause, bring about.

déterrer, to unearth, exhume.

détonation,/, détonation, explosion.

détruire, to destroy; se — , to be destroyed.

deux, two; les — , tous — , tous les — , both.

deuxième, second.

devancier, m., predecessor.

VOCABULARY

devant, before, in front of.

développé, -e, developed, evolved, full grown.

développement, m., development.

développer, to develop ; se — , to expand, be developed.

devenir, to become.

déverser (se), to pour, spread.

déviation, /., déviation, deflection.

deviendrait, deviendront, see devenir.

devint, see devenir.

dévier, to deviate, swerve, turn aside.

deviner, to guess, conjecture.

devient, see devenir.

dévoiler, to unveil, disclose.

devoir, to owe, ought, must, be to, hâve to, be due to.

dévolu, -e, à, vested in, devolving upon.

dévouement, ;«., dévotion.

devra, devrait, see devoir.

diagonal, -e, diagonal.

diamant, m., diamond.

diamétralement, diametrically.

diamètre, ;«., diameter.

diaphane, diaphanous, transparent.

diaphragme, m., diaphragm, membrane.

diapré, -e, variegated, gaily colored.

Dieu, m., God.

différemment, differently.

différence,/., différence.

différencier, to distinguish, differentiate.

différent, -e, différent, several.

différer, to differ, be différent.

difficile, difficult.

difficilement, with difficulty.

difficulté,/., difficulty.

difformité,/., deformity.

diffus, -e, diffuse, ample.

diffusion, /., diffusion, extension.

digne, worthy.

dilatation,/., expansion.

dilater, se — , to dilate, expand.

dimension,/., dimension.

diminuer, to diminish, decrease.

diminution, /., diminution, decrease.

dire, to say, tell, speak, name, call ; c'est-à — , that is to say ; pour ainsi — , so to speak; à vrai — , to tell the truth.

direct, -e, direct.

directement, directly, immédiate-

iy-

direction,/, direction.

diriger, to direct; se — , to pro-

ceed, go, turn, point, be di-

rected.

discernable, discernible.

discerner, to discern.

disciple, m., disciple, follower.

discontinu, -e, interrupted, ir.

regular.

discordance,/., inconsistency.

discussion,/., discussion, discuter, to discuss.

disons, see dire.

disparaître, to disappear, vanish.

disparate, dissimilar, unlike.

disparition,/, disappearance.

disparu, see disparaître.

dispendieu-x,-se, expensive, cost-

iy-

disponible, available.

disposer, to dispose, arrange.

disposition, /., arrangement, disposition, humor, mood, dis^ posai.

disputer (se), to dispute, con tend for.

disque, m., disk.

dissemblable, dissimilar, unlike.

disséminer, to disseminate.

disserter, to discourse, debate dispute.

dissocier, to dissociate, disunite résolve; se — , to be resolved.

dissolution,/., solution.

VOCABULARY

dissolvant, see dissoudre, dissoudre, to dissolve; se — 5 to

dissolve, be dissolved.

distance,/., distance; à — , to a

distance, distant, -e, distant, separated.

distillation,/., distillation, distinct, -e, distinct, différent, distinctement, distinctly.

distinction,/., distinction, distinguer, to distinguish, dis-

criminate; se — , to be distin-

guished.

distribuer, to distribute; se — ,

to be distributed.

distribution,/., distribution.

dit, dites, see dire, diurne, daily, diurnal.

divers, -e, diverse, various,

several.

diversifié, -e, diversified.

diversité,/, diversity, variety.

diviser, to divide; se — , to di-

vide, be divided.

division,/, division, dix, ten.

dix-huit, eighteen.

dix-huitième, eighteenth.

dix-millième, m., ten-thousandth.

dix-neuf, nineteen.

dix-septième, seventeenth.

dizaine,/, ten, half a score, docile, docile, manageable.

docilement, readily.

docteur, m., doctor.

document, m., document, doigt, m., finger.

doit, see devoir, doivent, see devoir, domaine, m., domain, domestique, domestic.

domicile, m., résidence, dwell-

ing.

domination, /., domination, su-

premacy.

dominer, to overlook, comrnand,

predominate, prevail. dommage, m., damage, injury.

donc, then, therefore, so.

donnée, /., datum, fact, admission, donner, to give, grant:

dont, of which, whose, with which,

in which.

dorure,/., gilding.

dos, m., back.

double, double, douce, see doux, douceur, /., sweetness, pleasant-

ness, softness.

douche,/, douche, shower-bath.

douer, to endow, furnish.

douleur,/, pain, doute, m., doubt.

douter, to doubt; se — de, to

suspect.

douteu-x, -se, doubtful.

dou-x, -ce, soft, easy, easy run-

ning.

douze, twelve.

douzième, twelfth.

drain, m., drain, drainage, m., drainage, drainer, to drain, drap, m., cloth.

dresser, to raise, set up, arrange,

draw up ; se — , to stand erect,

upright.

droit, -e, straight, right.

droit, m., right; à bon — , with

good reason, justly.

droite,/, right, right hand.

du, of the, from the, some. dû, due, see devoir, dune, /., down, dune, hill of

sand.

duquel, of which.

dur, -e, hard, harsh.

durable, durable, lasting.

durant, during.

durcir, to harden.

durée,/, duration, durability.

durer, to last, continue, dureté,/, hardness.

dus, see devoir, duvet, m., down.

VOCABULARY

eau, /., water; vapeur d' — , aqueous vapor; — pluviale, rain-water; cours d' — , source d' — , stream, water course.

ébaucher, to sketch, outline.

éblouissant, -e, dazzling.

ébouler, to fall down, give way.

ébranlement, m., shock, concussion, perturbation.

ébranler, to shake, disturb, unsettle, undermine, affect.

écaille,/., scale.

écarté, -e, removed, distant.

écartement, m., séparation, distance, apart.

écarter, to turn aside, remove ; s' — , to turn aside, départ, be moved away.

échange, m., exchange, interchange.

échanger, to exchange.

échantillon, m., sample, spécimen.

échapper à, s' — , to escape.

échauffer, to warm, heat; s' — , to become hot, be heated.

échec, m., check, repuise.

échelle,/., scale.

éclairage, m., lighting, light; — au gaz, gas-lighting; gaz d' — , illuminating gas. •

éclairant, -e, light-giving, illuminating.

éclairé, -e, lighted, illuminated, enlightened.

éclairement, m„ illumination.

éclairer, to light, light up, illuminate.

éclat, m., brilliancy, splendor.

éclatant, -e, brilliant, bright, shining.

éclipse,/., éclipse.

éclipser, to éclipse, obscure; s'- — , to be eclipsed.

écluse,/, dam, lock, flood-gate.

école,/, school.

économie,/; economy.

écorce,/, bark, shell, crust.

écorcher, to strip off the skin- of.

Ecosse,/, Scotland.

écoulement, m., flow, drainage, écouler (s'), to flow away, elapse,

pass on.

écran, m., screen, plate, écraser, to crush.

écrire, to .write.

écrit, m., writing, work.

écriture,/, writing.

écrivain, m., writer.

écrou, 711., screw, nut.

édifier, to build, erect, build up.

Edimbourg, Edinburgh.

éducation,/., éducation, effacement, ni., effacement, dim-

ness.

effacer, to efface, blot out.

effectuer, to effect, make, per-

form, accomplish ; s' — , to be

effected, accomplished.

effet, ni., effect, purpose; en — ,

in fact, indeed.

efficace, efficacious, effective, effilé, -e, slender, tapering.

effondrer, to break in, break

down. effort, m. strain, effort, stress, effrayant, -e, frightful, terrible, effrayer, to frighten, terrify.

effroyable, frightful, fearful.

égal, -e, equal, uniform.

également, equally, likewise.

égard, m., regard, respect; eu —

à, considering.

égaré, -e, stray, strayed.

égoutter, to drip, drain.

Egypte,/, Egypt.

eh bien, well, well then.

élaboré, -e, elaborate.

élan, m., buoyancy, ardor, glow,

enthusiasm.

élancé, -e, slender, élancer (s'), to spring, throw one's

self, shoot forth, dart.

élargir (s'), to widen, spread.

élasticité,/, elasticity.

VOCABULARY

élastique, elastic.

électricité,/., electricity.

électrique, electric, electrical.

électriser, to electrify, charge with

electricity.

élégamment, elegantly.

élégance,/., élégance, élégant, -e, élégant.

élément, m., élément, élévation,/., élévation, rise.

élève, m. ami f., pupil.

élevé, -e, high, elevated.

élever, to elevate, raise, bring up ;

s' — , to rise, arise.

éliminer, to eliminate, remove.

elle, she, lier, it; — même, her-

self, itself.

elliptique, elliptical.

éloge, m., praise.

éloigné, -e, distant, remote, far

away.

éloignement, m., distance, remote-

ness.

éloigner, to remove, divert, turn

aside; s' — , to go away, get

farther, be withdrawn.

émail, m., enamel.

émaner, to emanate.

embarquer (s'), to embark.

embarrasser, to embarrass.

embellir, to embellish, adorn.

emboîter, to fit in.

embouchure,/., mouthpiece.

embranchement, m., branch,

branch-line.

embrancher (s') sur, to branch off

from.

embrasser, to embrace, surround,

include, take in.

embryon, m., embryo, germ.

émergé, -e, above water.

émerger, to émerge, émersion,/., emersion.

émerveillé, -e (de), astonished

(at).

émettre, to émit, give out, put

forth. éminence,/, eminence, height.

émise, see émettre.

émission,/., émission.

emmagasiner (em nasal), to store, store up.

emmancher (em nasal), to put a handle to.

emmener (em nasal), to take away, convey.

émotion,/., émotion.

emparer (s'), to take possession.

empêcher, to prevent, hinder.

empierrement, m., ballasting, broken stone.

empiler, to pile, pile up.

empire, m., empire, reign, rule.

emploi, m., employment, use.

employer, to employ, use, spend.

emporté, -e, fiery, runaway.

emporter, to carry along. away.

empreinte,/., stamp, imprint, impression.

emprisonner, to imprison.

emprunter (à), to borrow (from).

émulsionner, to make soft or liquid.

en, in, by, into, to, with, as, while, on, at, like.

en, of him, of her, of it, of them, from it.

enchaîner, to enchain, restrain.

enchant-eur, -eresse, enchanting.

enchâsser, to set, insert, encase.

enchevêtré, -e, entangled.

enchevêtrer (s'), to become entangled.

encore, yet, still, also, again, even.

encouragement, m., encouragement.

endormir (s'), to fall asleep.

endroit, m., place.

enduit, m., coating, lining.

endurance,/., endurance.

énergie,/., energy.

énergique, energetic.

énergiquement, energetically.

enfance,/, infancy.

enfant, m. and f., child.

enfanter, to bring forth, produce.

VOCABULARY

enfermer, to shut up, enclose.

enfin, finally.

enflammer, to set on fire, ignite ; s' — , to ignite, take fire.

enfoncer, to sink, plunge, drive down, thrust ; s' — , to sink down, penetrate, plunge.

enfouir, to bury.

engager (s'), to be engaged in, commence.

engendrer, to engender, produce.

engloutir, to engulf, absorb.

engrais, m., manure, fertilizer.

engrenage, m., gear, gearing

énigmatique, enigmatic, puzzling.

enlever, to carry away, take away, remove; — à, to remove from.

ennemi, m., enemy.

ennemi, -e, hostile, of the enemy.

ennui (en nasal), m., annoyance, weariness.

énorme, enormous, huge.

énormité,/"., enormousness.

enseigner, to teach.

ensemble, together.

ensemble, m., whole, entirety, ensemble, group, séries.

ensoleillé, -e, sunny.

ensuite, afterwards, then.

entassement, m., heap, pile, accumulation.

entasser, to pile, heap up.

entendre, to hear; s' — , to be heard.

enthousiaste, enthusiastic.

ent-ier, -ière, whole, entire; tout — , whole, entire, wholly.

entièrement, entirely.

entonnoir, m., funnel.

entourer, to surround; s' — , to surround one's self.

entrailles, f. plur., bowels, interior, heart, core, center.

entraîner, to drag, draw along, carry away, involve.

entraver, to impede, hinder.

entre, among, between, in.

entrelacé, -e, intertwined.

entremêlé, -e, intermingled.

entreprise, /., enterprise, under-

taking.

entrer, to enter, entretenir, to keep up, sustain,

carry on, keep in repair; s' — ,

to be kept up.

entretien, m., keeping in repair, entrevoir, to catch sight of, fore-

see.

énumérer, to enumerate.

envahir, to invade.

envahisseur, m., invader.

enveloppe,/"., cover, covering, en-

velope, tunic.

envelopper, to envelop, enfold.

enverrait, see envoyer, envers, toward, to.

envier, to envy.

environ, about.

environnant, -e, surrounding.

environs, m. plur., environs, vi-

cinity, neighborhood.

envisager, to look at, consider.

envoyer, to send, transmit, épais, -se, thick.

épaisseur,/., thickness.

épanouir, to expand; s' — , to

bloom, open, expand, be spread

ou t.

éphémère, ephemeral, short-lived.

épidémique, épidémie, épiderme, m., epidermis, cuticle.

épine,/., thorn, thorn-tree.

épingle,/., pin.

éponge,/., sponge.

époque,/., epoch, time, period. épreuve,/., trial, test, testing.

éprouver, to undergo, expérience,

feel.

épuiser, to exhaust.

épuration,/., purification.

épurer, to purify, clarify.

équateur (qu = kou), m., equator.

équatorial (qu = kou), -e, equa-

torial.

équilibre, m., equilibrium.

équivalent, -e, équivalent.

VOCABULARY

équivalent, m., équivalent, équivaloir, to be équivalent, ère,/., era.

erratique, erratic.

errer, to wander.

erreur,/., error. mistake, erroné, -e, erroneous, mistaken.

érudit, m., scholar, learned man.

érupti-f , -ve, eruptive.

éruption,/., éruption, escarpé, -e, steep.

esclavage, m., slavery.

espace, m., space.

espalier, m., railing, trellis.

espèce,/"., kind, sort, species.

espérer, to hope, hope for.

esplanade, /., esplanade, open

level space, terrace.

esprit, m., mind, spirit.

esquisse,/., sketch, essai, m., trial, attempt.

essayer, to try.

essence,/., essence, gasoline. essentiel, -le, essential.

essentiellement, essentially,

mainly.

essieu, m., axletree, axle.

essor, m., flight, scope, develop-

ment.

est, m., east.

est, east, eastern.

estimer, to estimate.

estompé, -e, blunted, dull, soft-

ened.

estuaire, m., estuary.

et, and.

établir, to establish, fix, place,

build, prove, settle; s' — , to be

established.

étage, m., step, degree, tier, floor,

grade, range, row.

étain, m., tin.

étaler, to expose, display, spread

out ; s' — , to spread, spread

out, open.

état, m., state, condition.

États-Unis, m. plur., United

States.

étau, m., vise.

étayer, to prop, support, hold up,

strengthen.

été, m., summer; see être, éteindre (s'), to go out, be extin-

guishtd. éteint, -e, extinguished, extinct,

out.

étendre, to extend, spread; s' — ,

to extend.

étendu, -e, extensive, broad.

étendue,/, extent.

éternel, -le, eternal, everlasting.

étincelle,/, spark.

étiolé, -e, etiolated, blanched,

whitened.

étiolement, m., etiolation, whiten-

ing.

étioler (s'), to become pale, be

whitened, etiolate.

étoffe,/, stuff, cloth, fabric.

étoile, /., star; — de mer, star-

fish.

étonnant, -e, astonishing.

étonnement, m., astonishment.

étonner, to astonish; s' — (de),

to be astonished (at).

étouffer, to choke.

étrange, stiange, odd, queer.

étrang-er, -ère, strange, foreign.

être, to be.

être, m., being.

étreinte,/, clasp, pressure.

étrier, m., stirrup.

étroit, -e, narrow, close, intimate,

slender.

étroitement, tightly, closely.

étude,/, study.

étudier, to study.

eu, eurent, see avoir.

Europe,/, Europe, européen, -ne, European.

Européen, m., European. eut, eût, see avoir, eux, they, them ; — mêmes, them-

selves.

évacuer, to evacuate, remove.

évaluation, /., estimate.

VOCABULARY

évaluer, to estimate.

évaporation,/., evaporation.

éveiller (s'), to awaken, be aroused.

événement, m., event.

évidemment, evidently.

évidence, /., évidence; mettre en — , to make évident, obvious.

évident, -e, évident, obvious.

éviter, to avoid ; — à, to spare.

évolution,/., évolution.

exact, -e, exact, précise.

exactement, exactly, accurately.

exactitude, /., accuracy, correctness.

exagérer, to exaggerate, increase.

examen, m., examination.

examiner, to examine.

excellence,/., excellence; par — , by way of prééminence.

excellent, -e, excellent.

exception,/., exception.

exceptionnel, -le, exceptional.

excès, m., excess.

excessi-f, -ve, excessive, extrême.

excessivement, exceedingly.

excitation, /., stimulus, excitation, excitement.

exciter, to excite, arouse, stimulate.

exclure, to exclude.

exclusi-f, -ve, exclusive.

exclusion,/., exclusion.

exclusivement, exclusively.

excursion,/., excursion.

excursionner, to take an excursion.

exécuter, to exécute, carry on, make, construct ; s' — , to be accomplished, executed. ■

exécution,/., exécution.

exemple, m., example ; par — , for example ; à 1' — de, in imitation of.

exercer, to exercise, exert, practice ; s' — , to be exercised, exerted.

exhaler, to exhale, send forth.

exhaussement, m., rise, rising,

élévation.

exhausser, to raise.

exigence, /., exigence, demand,

requirement.

exiger, to demand, require.

existence,/., existence, exister, to exist.

expérience, /., experiment, expérience.

expérimental, -e, expérimental, expérimentalement, experiment-

ally.

expérimenté, -e, experienced.

explicable, explainable.

explication, /., explanation.

expliquer, to explain ; s'—, to be

explained.

explorateur, m., explorer, explorer, to explore, examine, explosion,/, explosion, exportation, /., exportation, exposé, f/i., statement, account.

exposer, to expose, set forth, ex-

hibit.

exposition,/, exposition, world's

fair.

express, express.

expressément, expressly.

expression, /., expression, exprimer, to express, exquis, -e, exquisite, rare, extérieur, -e, external, outward,

exterior, outer.

extérieur, m.f exterior, outside.

extinction,/, extinction.

extraire, to extract, extraordinaire, extraordinary.

extrême, extrême, excessive.

extrêmement, extremely.

extrémité,/, extremity, end.

exubérant, -e, exubérant, copious.

fable,/., fable.

fabricant, m., manufacturer, maker.

VOCABULARY

fabrication, /., manufacture,

make.

fabriquer, to manufacture, make.

fabuleu-x, -se, fabulous.

face,/., face, aspect, facette, y., facet, little face.

fâcheu-x, -se, unpleasant, disa-

greeable.

facile, easy.

facilement, easily.

facilité,/., facility, ease.

faciliter, to facilitate.

façon, /., fashion, manner, way;

de — que, so that.

façonner, to fashion, shape, make.

faculté,/., faculty, power, virtue,

property.

fagot, m., fagot, bundle of sticks.

faible, feeble, weak, slight.

faiblement, faintly, feebly.

faire, to do, make, cause, travel,

go; faire — , to hâve made,

cause to be made ; se — , to be

made, take place, make one's

self, be done; se — à, to be-

come accustomed to; — voir,

to show, faisaient, faisant, see faire, faisceau, m., bundle, group,pencil.

fait, m., fact, event; see faire;

tout à — , entirely.

faîte, m., top, summit.

falaise,/., cliff.

falloir, to be necessary, needful,

must, need.

falsification, /., counterfeiting,

adultération, famille,/., family.

fangeu-x, -se, muddy, miry, dirty.

fantaisie,/., fancy, whim.

fantastique, fantastic, chimerical,

fanciful.

fardeau, m., burden, load.

farine,/., flour.

fasse, see faire, fatigue, /, fatigue, weariness.

fatiguer, to fatigue, tire; se — ,

to tire, become fatigued.

faubourg, m., suburb.

faudra, faudrait, see falloir, fausseté,/., falsity, untruth.

faut, see falloir.

faux, fausse, false.

faveur,/., favor.

favoriser, to favor.

fécond, -e, fruitful, prolific.

fécondant, -e, fertilizing.

féconder, to render prolific, make

fruitful.

fécondité,/., fruitfulness, prolific-

ness.

fécule,/., fecula, green matter of

plants, fêlure,/., crack, fracture, femme,/., woman.

fendiller, to crack, fendre (se), to crack, fenêtre,/., window.

fente,/., slit, crack.

fer, m., iron; chemin de — , rail-

road, railway.

fera, ferait, see faire, fermé, -e, closed.

fermentation,/., fermentation, fermer, se — , to close, shut, close

up, shut up.

féroce, ferocious, fierce, wild.

ferons, see faire, ferré, -e, nailed, spiked, iron-

pointed.

fertile, fertile, fruitful.

festin, m., feast, banquet, fétide, fetid, offensive.

fétu, m., straw, stalk.

feu, m., fire.

feuillage, m., foliage. feuille,/., leaf, sheet.

feuilleté, -e, foliated, laminated.

feutrage, m., matting.

fibre,/., fiber, string.

fibreu-x, -se, fibrous.

ficelle,/, string.

ficher, to drive in.

ficti-f, -ve, fictitious, imaginary.

fidèle, faithful.

fièvre,/., fever.

VOCABULARY

figure,/., face, figure.

figurer, to figure, represent ; se — , to picture to orie's self, imagine.

fil, m., thread, string, wire; — à plomb, plumb-line.

filament, m., filament.

filer, to spin, slip, pay out.

filet, m., thread, net, fillet, band of fibers.

fils, m., son.

fin,/., end.

fin, -e, fine, slender.

finalement, finally.

finesse,/., fineness, slenderness.

fini, m., finish.

finir, to finish, end.

fiole,/., vial.

fiord, m., fiord, inlet.

firent, see faire.

fissure,/, fissure, rent, crack.

fit, see faire.

fixe, fixed, firm, stationary.

fixe, »i., settled weather, set fair.

fixer, to fix, fasten, make solid, look steadfastly at; se — , to be fastened, adhère.

flacon, m., bottle, vessel.

flagrant, -e, flagrant, decided.

flambeau, tri., torch, luminary, light

flamme,/, flame.

flanc, m., side.

fléau, m., scourge.

flèche,/, arrovv, spire, lance-head.

flétrir (se), to fade, wither.

fleur,/, flower, blossom.

fleuri, -e, flowery, blossoming.

fleurir, to bloom, blossom, flourish, thrive.

fleuve, m., river, stream.

flexibilité,/, flexibility.

flexible, flexible, pliant.

flint-glass, m., flint-glass.

floraison, /., flowering, blossoming, bloom.

flore,/, flora.

flot, m., wave.

flottant, -e, floating.

flotter, to float.

f louve,/, vernal grass.

fluctuation,/., fluctuation.

fluide, fluid.

fluide, m., fluid.

focal, -e, focal.

fois, /., time ; tout à la — , à la

- — , at once, at the same time;

une —, once, foliole,/, foliole, leaflet.

foncé, -e, dark, deep.

fonction,/, work, function, work-

ing, running; faire — de, to

act as, serve as.

fonctionnement, m., action, work-

ing, running. fonctionner, to work, operate.

fond, m., bottom, head, back-

ground, depth, back.

fondamental, -e, fundamental.

fonder, to found, base, fondre, to melt.

fonds, m., fund, stock, mainstay.

font, see faire, fontaine,/, fountain.

fonte, /., melting, cast-iron, cast-

ing, raw iron.

force,/, force, strength, power.

forcé, -e, compulsory, forced.

forcer, to force, compel.

forêt,/, forest.

forgeage, m., forging.

forger, to forge, formation,/, formation, forme,/, form, shape.

former, to form, make ; se — , to

form, be formed.

formidable, formidable, terrible,

tremendous.

formuler, to formulate.

fort, -e, strong, high, violent,

heavy, hard, loud.

fort, very, extremely.

fort, m., strong person.

fortement, strongly, extremely,

much, very much, tightly.

fortune,/, fortune.

VOCABULARY

fossé, m., ditch, moat.

fossile, fossil.

fossile, m., fossil.

fou, fol, folle, mad, insane, crazy.

foudre,/., lightning, thunderbolt;

chute de — , thunderbolt.

fougère,/., fern.

fouille,/., excavation, fouiller, to excavate, dig, search.

foule,/., crowd, multitude, fourche,/, fork, frame.

fourmi,/., ant.

fourmiller (de, with), to swarm,

abound.

fournaise,/, furnace.

fourneau, m., stove, furnace.

fournir, to furnish, supply.

foyer, m., focus, center, hearth,

furnace, fire-box.

fraction, /., fraction, portion,

part, fragment, m., fragment, frais, fraîche, fresh.

frais, m. plur., cost, expenses.

français, -e, French.

France,/., France, franchir, to cross, pass over, clear.

frappant, -e,striking, impressive.

frapper, to strike, hit, impress,

rap.

frein, m., brake.

frêle, frail, weak, feeble.

fréquemment, frequently.

fréquence,/, frequency.

fréquent, -e, fréquent, fréquenter, to fréquent.

frère, m., brother.

froid, -«, cold, lifeless.

froid, m., cold, frigidity.

froisser, to bruise, trample.

froment, m., wheat.

fronde,/, sling.

front, m., forehead, front; de — ,

abreast, at the same time, sim-

ultaneously.

frottement, m., rubbing, friction;

à — , barely, but just.

frotter, to rub.

fruit, m., fruit.

fugiti-f, -ve, fleeting, transient.

fuir (se), to avoid each other.

fuite,/, leak.

fumée,/, smoke.

fumier, m., manure, fertilizer.

furent, see être.

furieu-x, -se, furious, violent.

fusion,/., fusion, melting; en — ,

melted, molten.

fusionnement, m., fusion, blend-

ing.

fusionner, to blend, unité, fut, fût, see être, futur, -e, future.

gagner, to gain, reach, arrive at,

extend.

gaine,/, sheath, case, scabbard.

galerie,/., gallery.

galet, m., pebble-stone.

galvanique, gaivanic.

garantir (se), to protect one's

self.

garder, to guard, keep; se — de,

to take care not to.

garnir, to furnish, provide, gastronomique, gastronomie, gauche, left.

gauche, /., left, left hand ; à — ,

to the left.

Gaule,/, Gaul.

Gaulois, m., Gaul.

gaz (z sounded), m., gas.

gazeu-x, -se, gaseous.

gazomètre, m., gasometer, gas-

holder.

gazon, m., turf, sod, grass.

géant, m., giant.

géant, -e, gigantic, giant.

gélatineu-x, -se, gelatinous, jelly-

like.

gelée,/, frost.

gêner, to impede, hinder.

général, -e, gênerai.

VOCABULARY

général, nu, gênerai case ; en — ,

in gênerai, généralement, generally.

généraliser (se), to become gênerai.

généralité,/., gênerai rule, generality.

générateur, nu, generator, boiler.

génération, /., génération, production.

généreu-x, -se, generous.

génie, nu, genius.

genre, nu, kind, sort.

géographique, geographical.

géologie,/., geology.

géologique, geological.

géologue, m., geologist.

géométrique, geometrical.

germe, m., germ.

geste, nu, gesture.

gigantesque, gigantic.

gisement, nu, bed, layer, vein, stratum.

gîte, nu, deposit, bed.

glace,/, ice.

glacé, -e, frozen, icy.

glacer, to freeze.

glacier, m., glacier.

glaïeul, m., corn-flag; — des marais, water-flag.

glisser, se — , to slip, creep, slide, run.

globe, nu, globe, earth, sphère, otb.

globule, nu, globule, corpuscle.

gloire,/., glory.

gomme,/, gum.

gonfler, to swell; se — , to be swollen.

goudron, nu, tar.

goulot, m., neck (of bottles).

goût, nu, taste.

goûter, to taste, enjoy.

goutte,/, drop.

gouvernail, m., helm, rudder.

gouvernement, nu, government.

gouverner, to steer.

grâce,/, grâce, favor, thanks.

gracieu-x, -se, graceful.

graduellement, gradually.

grain, m., grain.

graissage, m., oiling, lubricating. graisse,/, fat, grease.

graisseur, nu, oil-box, oil-hole.

grand, -e, grand, great, large,

open.

Grande-Bretagne, /., Great Brit-

ain.

grandeur, /., greatness, magnitude, grandeur, size.

grandiose, grand, grandir, to grow.

granit, nu, granité, granulation,/, granulation.

gras, -se, fat, oily, thiok, slip-

pery.

grave, grave, serious.

graver, to engrave, carve, imprint.

gravier, m., grave], gravité,/, gravity.

gravure,/, engraving.

gré, nu, will, liking.

Grec, nu, Greek.

Grèce,/, Greece.

grenouille,/, frog.

grès, m., sandstone.

grièvement, seriously, severely.

grille,/, grating, railing.

grimper, to climb.

gris, -e, gray.

gris, nu, gray.

gronder, to roar, rumble.

gros, -se, big, large, bulky.

gross-ier, -ière, coarse, rough,

rude, grossir, to magnify, enlarge, in-

crease.

grossissant, -e, magnifying.

grossissement, m., magnifying,

enlargement.

grotte,/, grotto. groupe, m., group.

grouper, to group.

guère : ne . . . — , hardly, scarcely,

little.

guérir, to recover, be cured.

VOCABULARY

guerre,/., war.

guerr-ier, -ière, warlike.

guide, m., guide.

(') dénotes h aspirate.

habile, clever, skillful.

habitant, m., -e, /., inhabitant,

résident, habitation,/., abode, dwelling.

habiter, to inhabit, dwell, réside, habitude,/., habit, habitué, -e, accustomed, used.

habituel, -le, habituai, usual.

habituellement, usually.

'hache,/., axe.

'hâlé, -e, tanned, sunburnt.

'hanneton, m., May-bug, J une-bug.

'hardi, -e, bold, daring, hardy.

'hardiesse, /., boldness, daring-

ness, hardiness.

harmonica, m., harmonica, harmonie,/., harmony.

harmonieu-x, -se, harmonious.

'hasard, m., hazard, chance, 'haut, -e, high, upper, lofty,

great. 'haut, m., upper part, top, sum-

mit; en — , above, up.

'hauteur, /., height, élévation,

altitude, eminence.

hélice, /., screw; bateau à — ,

screw steamer.

Helvétie,/, Helvetia (Latin name

of Switzerland).

hémisphère, m., hémisphère, herbage, m., herbage, grass.

herbe,/., herb, grass.

herbivore, herbivorous.

'hérissé, -e, bristling.

'héros, m., hero.

hésiter, to hesitate.

'hêtre, m., beech-tree.

heure, /., hour, time, o'clock ;

tout à 1' — , just now, just be-

fore ; de bonne — , early.

heureusement, happily, fortu-

nately, luckily.

heureu-x, -se, happy, felicitous,

fortunate.

'heurter, to strike, run against ;

se — , to corne into collision,

strike.

hexagonal, -e, hexagonal, six-

sidcd.

hexagone, m., hexagon, figure of

six sides and angles.

histoire,/., history. historien, m., historian.

historique, historical.

historique, m., history (facts).

hiver, m., winter.

'hollandais, -e, Dutch.

'homard, m., lobster.

homme, m., man.

homogène, homogeneous.

homogénéité, /., homogeneity,

uniformity.

honneur, m., honor.

horizon, ni., horizon, horizontal, -e, horizontal, horizontalement, horizontally.

horizontalité, /., horizontal position, horloge,/., clock, timepiece.

horlogerie, /., clock and watch-

making.

'hors, out.

'houille,/., coal.

'houill-er, -ère, containing coal,

coal-producing.

huile,/., oil.

'huit, eight.

'huitième, eighth.

huitre,/., oyster.

humain, -e, human.

humanité,/., humanity, mankind.

humble, humble, meek.

humblement, humbly, meekly.

humecter, to moisten.

humérus, m., humérus (bone of

the arm).

humeur,/, humor.

humide, damp, vvet, moist.

VOCABULARY

humidité, /., humidity, moisture.

hydraulique, hydraulic, hydrostatic.

hydrogène, m., hydrogen.

hydrogéné, -e, hydrogenated, rich in hydrogen.

hyène,/., hyena.

hygiène,/., hygiène,

hypermétrope, hypermétropie, far-sighted.

hypermétropie,/., hypermetropy, far-sightedness.

hypothèse,/., hypothesis, supposition.

ici, hère.

idéal, -e, idéal.

idée,/., idea.

identique, identical.

identité,/, identity.

idolâtre, idolatrous.

idolâtre, w.,/, idolater.

idole,/, idol.

ignition, /., ignition ; en — , ig-

nited.

ignorant, -e, ignorant, ignoré, -e, unknown.

ignorer, to be ignorant of, not to

know.

il, he, it, there; — y a, there is,

there are, ago.

île,/, island.

illimité, -e, unlimited.

illumination,/, illumination, illuminer, to illuminate.

illusion,/, illusion, illustre, illustrious.

image,/., image, picture.

imaginable, imaginable.

imaginaire, imaginary.

imagination,/, imagination, imaginer, : to imagine, conceive,

contrive ; s' — , to imagine, imbiber, to soak, penetrate, satu-

rate.

imiter, to imitate.

immédiat, -e, immédiate, immédiatement, immediately.

immémorial, -e, immémorial, immense, immense, vast.

immensité, /., immensity, infin-

ity, vastness.

immersion, /., immersion, immobile, motionless, immova-

ble.

immobiliser, to render immova-

ble, fix.

immondice, /., impurity.

immuable, unchangeable.

imparfait, -e, imperfect, inexact, imperceptible, imperceptible.

imperméable, impervious.

impétueu-x, -se, impetuous, wild.

implanter (s'), tobe lodged, fixed.

impliquer, to imply.

importance,/, importance, important, -e, important, importer, to be of importance, imposant, -e, imposing, corn-

manding.

imposer, to impose, impossibilité, /., impossibility.

impossible, impossible, imprégner, to impregnate, satu-

rate.

impression,/., impression, impressionner, to impress, affect.

imprévu, -e, unforeseen.

imprimer, to print, impress, com-

municate.

impropre/ improper, unfit.

impulsion,/, impulse, impetus.

impur, -e, impure, inacceptable, unacceptable.

inaccessible, inaccessible, inacti-f, -ve, inactive, inadmissible, inadmissible, inanimé, -e, inanimate, lifeless.

inanition, /., inanition, exhaus-

tion.

inaperçu, -e, unperceived, unob-

served.

inattendu, -e, unexpected.

incalculable, incalculable.

VOCABULARV

incandescent, -e, incandescent.

incapable, incapable, unable.

incendiaire, incendiary.

incendie, m., lire, conflagration.

incertitude,/., uncertainty.

incessamment, continually.

incessant, -e, incessant, unceasing.

inclinaison,/., inclination, dip.

incliner (s'), to incline, bend, dip.

incolore, colorless.

incommode, inconvénient.

incomparablement, incomparably.

incompatible, incompatible, inconsistent.

incompl-et, -ète, incomplète, imperfect.

incompréhensible, incompréhensible.

inconcevable, inconceivable.

inconnu, -e, unknown.

incontestable, unquestionable.

incontestablement, unquestionably.

inconvénient, m., disadvantage.

incroyable, incredible.

incrustation, /., incrustation, crust, coating, scale.

Inde,/., India; les — s, the Indies.

indécis, -e, indistinct, undetermined, indefinite.

indélébile, indelible.

indéniable, undeniable.

indépendamment, independently.

indépendant, -e, independent.

indication, /., indication, mark.

indice, m., indication, sign.

indien, -ne, Indian.

Indien, m., Indian.

indifféremment, indifferently.

indifférent, -e, indiffèrent.

indigène, indigenous, native.

indigo, m., indigo.

indiquer, to indicate.

indiscutable, indisputable.

indispensable, indispensable.

indissolublement, indissolubly.

indistinctement, without distinction.

individu, m., individual.

individualité, /., indi viduality.

individuellement, individually.

indivisible, indivisible.

indolence, /., indolence, idleness.

indolent, -e, indolent, sluggish.

industrie, /., trade, business, industry.

industriel, -le, industrial, manufacturing.

inégal, -e, unequal.

inégalité,/., inequality.

inépuisable, inexhaustible.

inerte, inert.

inévitable, inévitable.

inévitablement, inevitably.

inexplicable, unexplainable.

inexpliqué, -e, unexplained.

inexploré, -e, unexplored.

inextricable, inextricable.

infatigable, indefatigable, unwearied, untiring.

infect, -e, unwholesome.

inférieur, -e, inferior, lower

infiltrer (s'), to infiltrate.

infini, -e, infinité.

infini, m., infinité quantity ; à V — , to infinity, indefinitely.

infiniment, infinitely.

infinité,/., very large number.

infirmité,/., infirmity.

inflammable, inflammable.

infléchir (s'), to bend, turn, deflect.

infliger, to inflict.

influence,/, influence.

influer, to influence, hâve an influence.

infortuné, m., unfortunate, unhappy person.

infructueu-x, -se, fruitless, unavailing.

ingénier (s'), to do one's best, strive.

ingénieur, m., engineer.

2ÔO

VOCABULARY

ingénieu-x, -se, ingenious.

inhospital-ier,-ière, inhospitable.

inimaginable, unimaginable.

initial, -e, initial.

initier, to initiate.

inondation, /., inundation, flood.

inonder, to inundate, flood.

inquiéter (s') de, to concern one's self with, care about.

inquiétude,/., uneasiness.

inscrire, to inscribe, set down, record ; s' — , to be recorded.

insecte, m., insect.

insensibilité,/., insensibility.

insensible, imperceptible, insensible.

insignifiant, -e, insignificant.

insistance, /., insistence, urging.

insister, to insist.

insolation, /., insolation, exposure to the sun.

inspection, /., inspection, examination.

inspiration,/, inspiration.

installer, to set up.

instant, m., instant, moment.

instantanéité, /., instantaneousness.

instantanément, instantaneously.

instinct, m., instinct.

instinti-f, -ve, instinctive.

instinctivement, instinctively.

instrument, m., tool, implement, instrument.

insuffisant, -e, insufficient, inadéquate.

insurmontable, insurmountable.

intellectuel, -le, intellectual.

intelligence, /., intellect, understanding, intelligence.

intempérance,/, intempérance.

intendant, m., steward, director.

intense, intense.

intensité,/, intensity.

intercepter, to shut off, eut off, intercept.

intéressant, -e, interesting.

intéresser, to interest.

intérêt, m., interest.

intérieur, -e, interior, internai,

inner.

intérieur, m., interior.

intérieurement, internally, on the

inside.

intermédiaire, intermediate, in-

tervening.

intermédiaire, m., intermediary.

interposition, médium, interminable, endless.

intermittent, -e, intermittent.

• interposer, to interpose, interprétation, /., interprétation.

interrompre, to interrupt.

interstice, m., interstice, empty

space.

intervalle, m., interval.

intervenir, to intervene, interpose.

intime, intimate.

intimement, intimately.

intituler, to entitle.

intolérable, intolérable, unbear-

able.

introduction,/, introduction, introduire, to introduce ; s' — , to

find one's way in, introduce

one's self.

intuition,/, intuition, inutile, useless.

inutilité,/, useless thing.

invariable, invariable, unchange-

able.

invariablement, invariably. inventer, to invent, inventeur, m., inventor.

invention,/, invention, inverse, inverse, inverted, con-

trary.

investigateur, m., investigator.

invincible, invincible.

invisible, invisible, invoquer, to invoke, call upon.

ira, see aller, iris, in., iris, irisé, -e, iridescent, having colors

like the rainbow,

VOCABULARY

2ÔI

irrécusable, unchallengeable, indisputable.

irrégularité,/., irregularity.

irrégul-ier, -ière, irregular.

irrésistible, irrésistible, irritabilité,/., irritability.

isolé, -e, isolated, alone, insu-

lated.

isoler, to isolate, sepârate, detach.

issue,/., issue, outlet, passage.

Italie,/., Italy.

Italien, m., Italian.

ivoire, m., ivory.

jadis, of old, formerly.

jaillir, to burst forth.

jamais, ever ; ne . . . — , never.

jante,/., felly.

jardin, m., garden.

jardinier, a*., gardener.

jarre,/., jar.

jaunâtre, yellowish.

jaune, yellow.

jaune, m., yellow.

jet, m., jet, stream.

jeter, to throw, cast ; se — , to empty, flow.

jeu, w., play, working ; en — , at work, into play.

jeune, young.

joie,/, joy.

joindre, to join, add ; se — à, to

joint, m., joint. [join with.

jonc, m., rush.

joue,/., cheek.

jouer, to play ; se — de, to laugh at, make sport of.

jouet, m., plaything, toy.

jouir (de), to enjoy, possess.

jour, m., day, daylight; de — , by day ; de nos — s, in our time, at the présent day ; de — en — , f rom day to day ; un — , some day ; mettre au — , to bring to light; tous les — s, every day.

journal, m., newspaper, paper.

journée,/, day.

journellement, daily.

joyeu-x, -se, joyous, joyful.

jusque, jusqu'à, as many as, as

much as, even, as far as, up to ;

jusqu'à ce que, until ; jusqu'ici,

thus fav.

juste, just, accurate, correct, ex-

actly, precisely.

justement, justly.

justiciable de, responsible for.

justifier, to justify.

juxtaposer, to juxtapose, place

side by side.

kilogramme, »/., kilogram (2.2046

pounds).

kilomètre, m., kilometer (.62137

of a mile).

la, the, her, it.

là, there; par — , in that way;

de — , from that; c'est — , that

is ; ce sont — , those are. labeur, m., labor, toil.

laboratoire, m., laboratory.

laborieu-x, -se, industrious.

labourage, m., ploughing, tillage.

labourer, to plough, till.

lac, m., lake.

lâcher, to loosen, let go.

lacustre, lacustrine, lake-dwell-

ing.

lacustre, m., lake-dweller, lacus-

trian.

laîche,/., sedge.

laine,/., wool, woolen cloth.

laisser, to leave, let, allow, cease;

se — , to allow one's self.

lait, m., milk.

laiton, m., brass.

VOCABULARY

lame, /., blade, sheet, jet, plate,

diaphragm (of téléphone).

lampe,/., lamp.

lancer, to hurl, throw.

langage, m., language.

langouste, /., spiny lobster.

langueur, /., languor, languid-

ness.

languissamment, languidly.

languissant, -e, languishing.

lanterne,/., lantern.

Lapon, m., Laplander.

laps, ;«., lapse.

laquelle, which.

large, broad, wide, large, large, m., breadth, width.

largement, broadly.

largeur,/., breadth, width.

larynx, m., larynx, latent, -e, latent, hidden.

latéral, -e, latéral, side.

latitude,/., latitude, lave,/., lava.

le, the, him, it, so.

lecteur, m., reader.

lecture,/, reading.

légendaire, legendary.

légende,/, legend.

lég-er, -ère, light, slight, slender.

légèrement, lightly, slightly.

légèreté,/, lightness.

légumineuse,/, leguminous plant.

lendemain, m., next day, day

after, day following.

lent, -e, slow, lentement, slowly.

lenteur,/, slowness.

lentille,/., lens.

lequel, -s, -les, which, who.

les, the, them.

lettre,/., letter.

leur, their, them, to them; le, la

— , theirs.

levant, m., east, levant, levé, -e, up, arisen.

levée,/., embankment, levée, lever, m., rising.

lever (se), to rise.

lèvre, /., lip.

liaison,/., joining, connection.

liane,/., tropical creeper.

libéralement, liberally.

liberté,/, liberty, freedom.

libre, free.

librement, freely.

liège, m., cork.

lien, m., bond, tie.

lier, to bind, fasten, connect.

lieu, m., place, spot, cause, reason;

avoir — , to take place; au —

de, instead of; donner — , to

give rise, give reason.

lieue,/., league (2.42 miles).

ligature,/., ligature, band.

ligne,/., Une.

ligneu-x, -se, ligneous, of wood.

lilas, m., lilac, lilac color.

limaille,/., filings.

limite,/., limit, boundary.

limiter, to limit.

limon, m., slime, mud.

limpide, limpid, clear.

linéaire, linear.

lion, m., lion.

liquéfier (se), to liquefy, be liqueliquide, liquid. [fied.

liquide, m., liquid.

lire, to read.

lis (s soimded), m., lily.

lisait, see lire, liseron, m., bindweed.

liste,/., list.

lit, m., bed ; — de repos, couch.

litharge, /., litharge, oxide of

lead.

litre, m., liter (1.056 United States littéraire, literary. [quarts),

littoral, -e, of the coast.