chapitre, m., chapter

chaque, each.

charger, put in charge of; commission.

charmant, charming.

charme, m., charm, attraction.

chasser, hunt, send away, discharge (for cause).

château, m., castle, countryseat; châteaux en Espagne, air castles.

chaud, warm, heated.

chavirer, upset, capsize.

chef, m., chief, head, ringleader.

chemin, m., road; — ■ faisant, on the way, while going or riding along.

cheminée, /. , fireplace.

cher, m., chère,/., dear.

chercher, look for, seek, search; try (with inf.) ; see aller.

cheval, pi. chevaux, m., horse.

chevaleresque, chivalrous.

chevalet, m., easel.

cheveu, m., hair.

chevreuil, m., deer, doe.

chez, with; at the house of.

chiffre, m., figure, number.

choisir, choose.

choix, m., choice; un — de termes, such choice expressions, such refined language.

chose,/., matter, thing.

ciel, m., heaven, sky; — !good Heavens !

citadelle, /., citadel, fortification.

citer, quote.

civil, -e, civil.

clair, clear, light.

classe, /., class, social order, set.

clémence, /., clemency, mercy.

cocher, m., coachman.

cœur, m., heart, feelings.

coiffure, /., head dress, etc., way of arranging the hair.

colère,/., anger.

collet, m., collar.

combattre, fight.

combien de, how much, how many.

comble, m., height, top, climax; les — s, garrets, roofing; pour — , as a climax.

combler (de), overwhelm.

comédie,/., comedy.

commandant, m., major.

commander, be at the head of, command.

comme, how, what a! (in exclamations); like, as; — elle est gauche, how awkward she is !

commencement, m., beginning.

comment, how.

commettre, commit.

commis, p.p. of commettre.

commun, common.

compagnie, /., company; society.

compagnon, m., companion.

complet, complete.

complice, m., accomplice.

complot, m., plot, conspiracy.

comprenais, comprenaient, impf. of comprendre.

comprenant, près. p. of comprendre.

comprendre, comprehend, understand.

compromettant (près. p. of compromettre) , compromising.

compte,/., account.

comtesse,/., countess.

concert, m., concert.

concevoir, comprehend, understand.

concevrais, coud, of concevoir.

conçois, près, of concevoir.

condamnation, condemnation ; — de mort ; death sentence.

condamner, condemn.

conduire, lead, conduct, drive (as coachman), take (in a carriage).

conduisant, près. p. of conduire.

confiance,/., confidence.

confier, confide, trust with, intrust.

confondre, blend, mix, cast into one mold.

conjurer, conjure.

connais, près, of connaître.

connaissance,/., acquaintance; consciousness.

connaître, know, be acquainted with; s'y — , be a judge of, know all about.

connivence,/., complicity.

connu, p.p. of connaître.

conscience, /., conscience; consciousness; also, a person whose conscience is for sale.

conseil, m., advice, council ; — de guerre, council of war; courtmartial.

conseiller, counsel, give advice.

considérable, considerable,

worthy of consideration.

consoler, console.

consternation, /., consternation.

conspirateur, m., conspirator.

conspiration, /., conspiracy.

constater, establish, verify.

constellation,/., constellation.

consulat, m., consulate (of Napoleon, 1799-1804).

contagieux, contagious.

contenir, contain; hold up.

contentement, m., content, happiness.

conter, relate, tell.

continuer, continue.

contraire, contrary.

contraste, m., contrast.

contre, against.

contre-danse, /., a dance resembling a quadrille, country dance.

convaincre, convince.

convenir, suit, agree; en — 'à agree to it, admit it.

conversation,/., conversation.

conviens, près, of convenir.

coquet, -te, coquettish.

coquetterie,/., coquetry.

corps, m.,body.

corriger, correct.

costume, /., costume, dress.

côte,/., rib; coast.

côté, m., side; de ce — , on that side; à — de, beside; du — de, in the direction of; d' un autre — , on the other hand.

couler, run, flow.

coulisse, /., side scene, passage.

coup, m., blow; sudden attempt; — de tête, thoughtless act; tout à — , all of a sudden.

coupable, guilty.

couper, cut.

cour,/., court, courtyard.

courage, m., courage, bravery.

courir, run, hurry.

couronne,/., crown.

courrier, m., mail, mail matter, letter, etc.

cours, m., course.

cours, près, of courir.

court, short; rester — , get stuck, not be able to go on.

couvert, p.p. of couvrir.

couvrir, cover.

craignez, près, of craindre.

craindre, fear.

crainte,/., fear.

cravache,/., riding whip,

cravate,/., necktie", cravat.

crayon, m., lead pencil.

crédit, m., credit, reputation.

crédule, credulous.

cri, m., cry, outcry; — du cœur, words which come from the heart.

crieur, m., crier; — des rues, street vender.

crime, m., crime.

croire, believe.

croisée, /., window (primarily

the frame in form of a cross

in French casements).

croissant, près. p. of croître, croît, près, of croître, croître, grow, increase, croix, /., cross.

croyais, impf. of croire, croyant, près. p. of croire, cru, p. p. of croire, cruel, cruel.

crût, past sub], of croire, curieux, odd, strange; le — ,

the funny part of it, what

is odd about it.

dame,/., lady.

danger, m., clanger.

dangereux, dangerous.

dans, in, out of.

danse, /., dance.

danser, dance.

date, /., date; de longue — .

dating back a long time.

davantage, more.

de, from, of, about, in, in respect to, as regards; d'un ton, in a tone; elegant — figure, elegant as to his face (or figure); following plus or moins, before a number, than.

des = de les,

debout, up, standing; être — , be on one's feet, stand.

décacheter, unseal, break a seal.

décidément, decidedly ; really.

décider, decide; se — , make up one's mind.

décisif -ve, decisive, final.

declaration, /., declaration, statement.

déclarer, declare.

déconcerter, disconcert.

déconsidérer, value at less, lower one's estimate of.

décor, m., decoration.

décoration, /., decoration, badge, cross of the Legion, military ornament.

décourager, discourage.

découvert, p.p. of découvrir ; à — , open, exposed, unprotected.

découvrir, discover.

dedans, in, within; au — , inside; en — , within.

défaut, m., defect, fault, shortcoming.

défendre, defend, forbid; s'en — , help it, avoid it.

défense, prohibition.

défiance,/., distrust.

délier: se — , be distrustful, distrust.

dégrader, degrade; reduce to the ranks.

déguisement, m., disguise.

déguiser, disguise.

dehors, outside; en — , on the outside, besides.

déjà, already.

déjeuner, eat breakfast, m., breakfast.

délai, m., delay.

délicat, delicate, refined.

délivrer, deliver, take away.

demander (quelque chose à quelqu'un), ask (one for something).

démarche,/., gait, walk, step; measure.

demi, half.

demi-lieue, f., half a league.

demi-voix, à — , in a low voice.

demoiselle, /., young lady.

démon, m., demon, fiend.

déparer, deprive of ornament.

départ, m., departure.

département, m., department; one of the ninety-seven French government districts.

dépêche,/., dispatch, message.

dépendre, depend.

dépenser, pay out, expend.

dépit, m., spite.

déplaire, displease.

déplaît, près, of déplaire.

déployer, unfold.

déposer, put down, deposit.

depuis, since, from; — longtemps, for a long time.

déranger, inconvenience,

trouble; se — , put one's self to inconvenience.

dernier, ère, last.

dernièrement, lastly, lately;

— encore, only quite recently.

derrière, back, behind.

dès, from this time, ever since;

— que, as soon as.

désarmer, disarm, descendre, come down, désespoir, m., despair, désintéressement, unselfishness,

disinterestedness.

désirer, desire.

dessin, m., drawing.

dessiner, draw, design, make

drawings.

dessous, below, under; au —

de, below.

dessus, above, upon; au — de,

above.

détacher, unfasten, detach, détail, m., detail, trifling

matter.

détester, detest, détourner, turn aside or

away.

détruire, destroy.

deux, two; tous or toutes — ,

both; à nous — , it is for

us two. . .

deuxième, second.

devant, before; au — de, before, in front of, in front.

devenir, become.

devenu, p.p. of devenir, deviendrai, fut. of devenir, deviner, divine, guess.

devînt, impf. subj. of devenir, devoir, owe; have to, ought to,

be under obligation to; je

dois, I must, I cannot but;

dusse- je, if I were to, if I

had to; dussiez-vous, if you

should, devoir, m., duty.

dévoué, devoted.

dévouement, m., devotion.

devra, fut. of devoir.

devrais, coud, of devoir.

diable, m., devil ; {as an exclamation) the deuce, etc.

dieu, m., god; Dieu, God; dieu!

mon dieu! good Heavens!

etc.

différent, different.

difficile, difficult; il est — que cela aille bien, matters there have a bad look.

diplomate, m., diplomatist.

dire, say; vouloir — , mean ; Pon dit, it is said.

diriger, direct; se — , go in a direction.

diront, fut. of dire.

dis, près, of dire.

disais, impf. of dire.

dise, près. subi, of dire.

disent, près, o/dire.

disparaître, disappear.

dispenser, dispense, excuse.

disposer, dispose, command.

dissiper, scatter, dispel.

distinguer, distinguish.

distrait, absent-minded.

dites, 2 p. pi. of dire.

divertir, divert, amuse.

division, /., division of the army = two brigades.

dix, ten.

dix-huit, eighteen.

dix-sept, seventeen.

dois, doit, près, of devoir.

domestique, m., servant.

domiciliaire, of the house, referring to the house.

Batailles de Dames

donc, therefore, consequently; (as an expletive, never of time) then; please do, etc.

donner, give; y — , run into a snare; — sur (of windows), look out on; se — de T importance, put on airs of importance.

dont, whereof, of which, of whom (relative); ce — , of which.

double, double.

doucement, softly, gently.

douleur,/., pain, grief.

doute, m., doubt.

douter, doubt.

doux, douce, sweet, gentle, inoffensive.

douzaine;/., dozen.

douze, twelve.

dragon, m., dragoon.

dramatique, dramatic; du — , in the line of the drama.

drame, m., drama.

droit, right; à droite, at the right side.

droit, m., right, law (as a principle and a science not statute).

du = de le.

du = de le (indicating a part), some, any.

dû, p.p. of devoir, due.

duel, m., duel.

dûment, duly.

duo, m., duet.

duplicité,/., duplicity.

durer, last, endure.

dussiez, impf. subj. of devoir.

écart, m., moving aside; à V — , aside, on the side, away from.

écarter, put away, put aside, remove; s' — , swerve, move away.

éclairer, give light, enlighten.

éclat, m., brilliancy, what arouses attention, admiration, etc. ; what gives notoriety, scandal; action d' — , a remarkable, spectacular act.

éclater, shiver, burst out, burst into. [instruction, etc.

école, /., school; method of

écolier, m., schoolboy.

écolière,/., schoolgirl.

écouter, listen.

écrier: s' — , cry out, exclaim.

écrire, write; écrivant toujours, keeping on writing.

écrivant, près. p. of écrire.

écrouler: s' — , fall into ruins, crumble down.

écumer, foam.

écurie, /, stable for horses.

effacer, efface, make disappear, level; — les épaules, draw the shoulders in.

effectivement, efficiently; actually, in fact.

effet, m., effect; en — , in fact, in reality.

effort, m., effort.

effrayer, frighten, scare.

effroi, m., fright; avec — , frightened.

effusion,/., effusion, vivacity.

Bataille clc Dames

égal, pi égaux, equal, the same, without difference; c' est — , it makes no difference, is all the same; ça m'est — , it is all the same to me.

égard, m., mark of esteem, regard, respect.

eh, see bien.

élan, m., dash, bold onset, enthusiastic movement; avec — , with enthusiasm, impulsively.

élancer : s' — , rush forth or forward.

élégant, elegant, refined.

élève, m. andf., pupil.

elle, she, her.

éloge, m.} praise; faire un — , eulogize.

éloigner, remove; s' — , go away, leave.

éloquence,/., eloquence.

embarras, m., embarrassment.

embellir, embellish, beautify, adorn.

embrasser, kiss.

embuscade, /., ambush, ambuscade.

emmener, take or lead away.

émotion,/., emotion.

émouvant, près. p. 0/ émouvoir.

émouvoir, move, touch, affect; ému, deeply moved.

emparer: s' — , take or get possession.

empêcher, prevent; s' — , help doing, keep from doing.

empereur, m., emperor.

empire, m., empire, the Napoleonic empire (1804-1815).

emporter, carry off or away, take along; V — , be victor or victorious, beat.

empressement, m., eagerness.

emprisonner, put into prison, imprison.

ému, près. p. of émouvoir.

en, in, into; as; of it, of that, of them; — bourgeois, as a citizen; — être, be of the party; — attendant, meanwhile.

enchantement, m., enchantment, charm, delight.

enchanter, charm, captivate.

enchanteresse, /., magician; (adj.) enchanting, bewitching.

encore, still, yet; pas — , not yet; — ? anything else?

still more? — une fois, once more; hier — , but yesterday.

encre, //ink.

énergie,/, energy.

enfance,/, childhood.

enfant, m., child.

enfantin, childlike.

enfin, in fine, finally, in a word.

enflammé, burning.

enflammer, inflame.

enfoncer, knock in.

enfourcher, bestride, mount.

engager : s' — , begin, enter into.

ennemi, m., enemy; (adj.) hostile.

enragé, ra., madman, crazy fellow.

enrager, be or become enraged.

enseigner, teach, show how.

ensemble, m., joining of parts (voices in singing, etc.) ; adv.

together.

ensuite, then, after this.

entendre, hear, understand; intend; s' — avec, have an understanding with; bien entendu, a matter of course.

entendu, p.p. of entendre.

entier, entire.

enthousiasme, m., enthusiasm.

entourer, surround.

entrainer, carry along, or away.

entre, between.

entreryenter.

entretien, m., conversation.

entrevue,/., interview.

envahir, invade.

envers, toward.

envie, /., desire; avoir — , have a mind.

environner, environ, surround.

envoyer, send.

épargner, save, spare.

épaule,/., shoulder.

éperdu, bewildered.

épouser, marry.

épouvante,/., terror.

éprouver, experience, feel.

épuiser, exhaust; s' — , become exhausted.

équiper, fit out, equip.

erreur, m., error.

escadron, m,, cavalry, squadron.

escalier, m. stairs, stairway.

escorte, m., escort (military)»

Espagne, Spain — châteaux, en Espagne, air castles.

espérer, hope, begin to hope.

espoir, m., hope.

esprit, m., mind, wit, intelligence, ingenuity.

essayer, try, essay.

essuyer, wipe off, dry.

est, près, of être.

et, and; — ... — , both . . .

and.

établir, establish.

était, imp. of être.

état, m., state, condition, profession.

été, summer; salon d' — , summer drawing-room.

éteindre, put out, extinguish.

éteint, p.p. of éteindre.

êtes, près, of être.

étiez, imp. of être.

étoile,/., star.

étonnant, astonishing.

étonnement, m., astonishment.

étonner, astonish.

étouffer, stifle.

étranger, strange, foreign; m., stranger.

être, be; — à, belong to; — de, belong to? en — de, be in regard to ; y — , have the place, catch the idea; soit (pronounce the t) be it so ; granted; serait-il? could it be ? il est sometimes — il y a; ne fût ce que, were it only.

être, m., being, creature*

eut, past def. of avoir.

eût, past subj. of avoir.

évader: s' — , escape, run away;

faire — , cause or enable to

escape. évanouir, faint, lose consciousness.

evasion,/., flight.

événement, m., happening,

event.

exaltation, /., excitement ; state

of wild enthusiasm»

exalter: s' — , become highly

excited or enthusiastic.

examen, (pronounce = — min)

?n., examination, test, trial.

exaspérer, exasperate.

excellent, -e, excellent.

excepté, except.

excès, m., excess.

exciter, excite.

excuser, excuse.

exécuter, execute, fulfill.

exemple, m., example; par — !

I declare ! you don' t say so !

exiger, exact, demand, existence,/., existence, expédition,/, expedition.

expliquer, explain, exploit, m.j exploit.

exposer, expose.

exprès, m., messenger.

expression, expression, exprimer, express.

extasier: s' — , go into ecstasy.

extérieur, outside, exterior.

face,/., face, front.

fâcher : se — , become angry.

fâcheux, fâcheuse, disagreeable.

facile, easy.

façon, /., fashion, manner; — sans façon, without ceremony.

faible, feeble.

faiblir, weaken.

faillir, fail, miss; (with inf.) come near, be on the point of; j'ai failli tomber, I came near (= just missed) falling.

faire, do, make, cause; — plaisir, give pleasure; — part, communicate, inform; en — autant, do as much, do the same, do as well; — demander, cause to be asked; — arrêter, have arrested; e'en est fait, it is all over, there is an end of it; comment faites- vous donc? how in the world do you manage ?

je ne ferai que, I shall only.

faisant, près. p. of faire.

fait, près., also p.p., of faire.

faites, près, and imp. of faire.

falloir, impers., be necessary; il faut, it is necessary, there is needed; il me — , I need, I want; il — que {with subj.), it is necessary that; il fallait bien, it was of course necessary.

famille, /., family.

farouche, fierce, savage.

fasse, près. subj. of faire.

fatal, -e, fatal.

faudrait, près. cond. of falloir,

faut, see falloir.

faute, /., fault, mistake.

fauteuil, m., armchair.

faux, fausse, false.

faveur, /., favor.

fée,/., fairy.

feignant, près. p. of feindre.

feindre, feign.

feint, p.p. of feindre.

félicité,/., happiness. [late.

féliciter, compliment, congratu-

féminin, -e, feninine.

femme, /., woman; — de chambre, chambermaid.

fenêtre,/., window.

fer, m., iron; pi., fetters.

ferai, fut. of faire.

ferez, fut. of faire.

ferme,/, farm.

fermeté, /., firmness.

fermier, m., farmer.

fermière,/, farmer's wife.

fervent, ardent, fervent.

fête, /., festivity, birthday party.

feu, m., fire, animation; commander le — , give the command to fire.

fi, — donc, oh, for shame.

fidèle, faithful.

fier : se — de, trust, confide in.

fièrement, proudly, haughtily.

figure,/, face, figure.

figurer, se — , imagine.

file, /., rank, file; feu de — , platoon fire.

fille,/, daughter, girl.

fils, m., son.

fin, fine, sly, sharp.

finesse, /, keenness, slyness, subtlety.

finir, end, finish, fit, past def. of faire, flacon,/., smelling bottle, flamme,/, flame, flatterie,/, flattery.

fleur,/., flower.

flot, m., flood {tide).

foi,/, faith; sans — , faithless;

ma — ! faith ! I declare !

really !

fois, /., time; une — que j'y

suis, when I am once at it;

à la — , at the same time, at

once.

folie, /., crazy act or idea, folly;

la bonne — , what a funny

craze !

folle, mad (fou, fol, m.).

fonctionnaire, m., public officer, functionary.

fond, m., bottom; rear (of the

stage) .

fondis, past def. of fondre, fondre, melt; burst in or upon

(sur).

force, /., strength; prendre

des — s, recover strength,

fortify one's self.

forcer, force, compel, forêt,/, forest.

formalité,/, form, formality.

formel, formal. former, form; — un vœu, offer

a prayer, pray (for).

fort, strong; trop — , too much,

unendurable.

fort, adv., very, fortune,/, fortune.

fortuné, happy, blessed; arbre

— , blessed tree (orange or lemon tree).

fossé, m., ditch.

fou, m., madman; as adj., crazy; adv., madly.

fougueux, fiery; impetuous, impulsive.

fouiller, search (pockets, etc.).

foule,/., crowd, multitude.

frais, fraîche, fresh, cool, new, untouched, charmingly primitive.

français, French.

franchise, /., frankness.

frapper, strike.

frayeur,/., fright.

frégate,/., frigate.

frémir, tremble.

frère, m., brother.

froid, cold.

froidement, coldly.

froncer, frown; — les sourcils, knit one's brow.

front, m., brow, front.

frontière, /., frontier, border line.

fugitif, -ive, fugitive.

fuir, flee.

fuite,/., flight.

fumée,/., smoke.

furieux, furious, mad (furieuse,

fusiller, shoot, kill by shooting.

fût, past subj. of être, fuyez, près, o/fuir.

gages, pi., wages.

gagner, gain, earn.

gai, gay.

gaiement, gayly.

gaieté, /., gayety; de — de cœur, recklessly.

galonné, gold-laced, silverlaced.

galop, m., gallop; au — , at a gallop.

galoper, gallop.

garçon, m., young man, hired tand; — de ferme, farm hand.

garde, m., watchman, watch.

garde,/., watching, caretaking; prenez — , look out.

garder, preserve, keep, retain; Dieu me garde! Heaven forbid ! se — de, be careful not to.

gâter, spoil.

gauche, left; awkward; à — , to the left; de — , on the left.

gazon, m., turf, grass plot.

gendarme, armed policeman (both on foot and on horseback); member of the state constabulary.

gendarmerie, armed police on horseback; state constabulary.

gêner: se — , stand on ceremony; be shy; be not at one's ease; ne vous gênez pas, do as if you were in your own house, don't be diffident.

général, general.

génie, m., spirit, genius ; du — ?

a stroke of genius,

genou, m. pi. genoux, knee.

gens, pi., people, servants.

geôlier, m., jailer.

geste, /.,. gesture.

glacer, turn to ice.

glisser, glide, slip.

gloire, /., fame, reputation, glory.

gourmet, m., fond of choice eating.

goût, m., taste.

gouvernement, m., government.

grâce, /., gracefulness, thanks, pardon, mercy; de — , please, pray, oblige me; an de — , year of our Lord; A.D.

gracier, pardon, amnesty.

grand, -e, great, large, tall.

grave, grave, serious.

gravement, gravely.

gronder, scold.

grossier, coarse, rude.

guéridon, m., round table with one leg in the center, center table.

guérir, heal, get well, recover.

guerre,/., war.

guetter, lie in wait, watch.

guides, /. pl.y the lines.

habile, skilled, adroit, smart, habileté,/., skill, ability.

habit, m., coat; — de cheval,

m., riding habit, habitant, m., inhabitant, haie,/., hedge.

hardiment, boldly.

hâter : se — , hasten.

haut, loud, aloud, high (haute,

hein? well? what now?

hélas ! alas ! oh !

héroïque, heroic.

héroïsme, m., heroism.

héros, m., hero.

hésitation,/., hesitation.

hésiter, hesitate.

heure,/., hour; à la bonne — , very good, indeed, very well (with different other allied meanings, as suggested by the context); tout à T — , just now; pretty soon, after a while.

heureusement, fortunately.

hier, yesterday.

homme, m., man.

homme de peine, hired hand.

honneur, m., honor.

honorable, honorable.

honoraires, m. pi, fee, compensation, pay.

honte, /., shame; avoir — , be ashamed.

horizon, m., horizon.

horreur,/., horror.

hors, beside, outside; — de lui, beside himself; — de soi, beside one's self.

hôte, m. and/., host, guest.

huit, eight; — jours, a week.

humeur, /., ill-humor, anger; avec — , d' — , ill-humoredly, peevishly.

hypocrite, hypocrite.

ici, here; d' — , from now; par — , this way.

idée,/., idea.

ignorer, not to know.

il, he, it; impers, there; see y.

illusion,/., illusion.

imagination,/., imagination.

imaginer, imagine.

imbécile, stupid.

imiter, imitate.

immobile, motionless.

impatienter: s' — , become impatient.

impertinence,/., impertinence.

implorer, implore.

importance /., importance; se donner de 1' — , assume an air of importance.

important, important.

importer, matter, be of consequence, be of interest; que m'importe, what do I care?

importun, troublesome, inopportune.

importuner, trouble.

importunité, /., importunity, want of patience.

impossible, impossible.

impression,/., impression.

imprévu, unforeseen.

improviste: à 1' — , unexpectedly.

imprudemment, imprudently.

incendie, m., conflagration.

incliner: s' — , bow, incline.

inconcevable, inconceivable.

inconnu, unknown, strange; m., unknown person, stranger.

inculte, rude, uncultivated, unpolished.

indifférent, indifferent.

indigné, indignant.

indigner: s' — , become indignant.

indiquer, point out, indicate.

indompté, unconquered, unsubdued.

ineffable, inexpressible.

inexpérience,/., lack of experience.

inexpérimenté, inexperienced.

infanterie, /. infantry.

infernal, -e, infernal.

infidèle, unfaithful.

inflexion, /., modulation of the voice, inflection.

informer, inform, instruct; s' — de, find out about, inquire about.

ingrat, ingrate, ungrateful.

injure,/., insult, injury.

innocent, innocent.

inondation, /., inundation, flood.

inouï, unheard of.

inqualifiable, incapable of being properly described, insulting, unfit to be mentioned.

inquiéter: s' — , worry over, be restless, uneasy.

inquiétude,/., uneasiness; d'une — , so very uneasy.

insensé, senseless, crazy.

insolent, insolent.

insouciance, /., carelessness, recklessness.

inspirer, inspire.

installation, /., establishment.

installer: s' — , assume functions, establish one's self.

instant, m., instant, moment; à V — , in a moment.

instruction,/., instruction.

insulter, insult.

insupportable, unbearable.

intelligence, /., understanding.

interdit, dumbfounded.

intéresser, interest.

intérêt, m., interest; porter de V — ,be interested (in a person).

interrogatoire, /., questioning, interrogatory.

interroger, interrogate.

interrompre, interrupt.

intrépide, bold, intrepid.

intrépidité, /., boldness, intrepidity.

intriguer, intrigue ; perplex.

invasion,/., invasion.

inviter, invite.

ira, fut. of aller.

ironiquement, ironically.

irrité, irritated, angry.

issue,/., issue, outcome.

ivresse,/., intoxication.

jamais, ever; never (with ne expressed or understood) .

je, I.

jeter, throw; se — , throw one's self, plunge.

jeune, young.

jeunesse, /., youth.

joie, /., joy, delight; avec —, delightedly.

joli, pretty.

jour, m., day; pi, life, existence.

journal (pi., journaux), m., newspaper, journal.

joyeux, -euse, joyous, gay.

juge, m., judge.

jugement, m., judgment.

juger, judge, form an opinion.

jupe,/., skirt, gown.

jurer, swear, curse.

jusque, jusqu'à, as far as, until, down to, even; jusquelà, so far, as far as that.

juste, correct, right; c'est trop — , it is perfectly true or correct.

justement, exactly.

la,/., the; pron., her, it.

là, there, yonder, lâche, cowardly; m., coward, laisser, leave, let; laissez faire,

let (it) be done.

langage, m., speech, way of

talking.

langue,/., tongue, language, larme,/, tear, las, lasse, tired, weary.

latéral, at the side, lateral;

porte — e, side door.

latin, Latin.

le, the; pron., him, it; so.

légèrement, lightly, slightly.

légitime, legitimate, justifiable.

légitimité,/., legitimacy.

lendemain, m., next day, following day.

lequel, laquelle, who, which, which one.

les, pi. of le and la.

lesquelles, /. pi. of laquelle, which, who.

lettre,/., letter.

leur, to them; their.

lever, raise; se — , rise; au -*-, at the rising.

liberté,/., liberty.

libre, free.

Her, tie, bind; lié, firmly bound.

lieu, m., place.

lieue, /., league {about 2\ miles) .

lièvre, m., hare.

ligne,/., line.

lion, m., lion.

lire, read.

lis, près, of lire.

lisant, près. p. o/lire.

livrée,/., servants' livery; the servants in a body.

livrer, deliver.

loin, far, distant.

Ton = on.

long, -ue, long.

longtemps, long {time).

lorsque, when.

louis d'or {from King Louis), a gold coin worth about $4.

lu, p.p. of lire.

lui, à — , to him, to her {emphatic) .

lui-même, himself.

lumière,/., light.

lutter, struggle, fight.

luxe, m., luxury, lavish display.

M., abbreviation of Monsieur, used in writing when the person is not addressed or not present. PL, M.M. = Messieurs. Cf. Eng. Messrs.

ma,/., my.

Madame, Mrs., Madam; the lady; pour — , for the lady.

Mademoiselle, the young lady; Miss.

madrigal, m., a kind of light verse; des madrigaux, amorous talk, cajolery.

magistrat, m., government official, magistrate.

main,/., hand.

maintenant, now.

mais, but ; colloquially more ; je ne puis — , I can' t help it, I am not to blame.

maison, /., house; à la — , at home.

maître, m., master; — des requêtes, actuary or the like; a government officer who keeps a record of petitions, complaints, etc.; les — s, master and mistress {in regard to servants) .

maîtresse,/., mistress.

majesté,/., majesty.

mal {pi. , maux) , m. , misfortune ; evil ; harm; en — , in a bad

sense, by foul means; adv., badly.

maladroit, awkward.

malédiction,/., curse.

malgré, in spite of.

malheur, m., misfortune ; par — , unfortunately.

malheureux, -euse, unhappy, unfortunate.

maltraiter, abuse.

manie,/., mania.

manière,/., manner.

manquer, lack; il ne vous manque que . . ., you only need, all you need is; — de respect à, be disrespectful to; — (de) chavirer, come near upsetting.

mansarde, /., dormer window, attic.

marché, m., market place.

marcher, march, walk.

maréchal des logis, m., quartermaster's assistant.

marié, married(/rom se marier ^ .

marier, se — , marry, get married.

marquise, /., marchioness; petite — , see the high-born little lady.

matin, m., morning.

maudire, curse.

maudissez, près, and imp. of maudire.

maudit, cursed.

mauvais, -e, bad.

méchant, wicked, bad, naughty.

méconnaître, not know aright, misunderstand.

médecin, m., doctor, physician.

.mélange, m., mixture, mingling.

mêler, mingle, mix.

même (preceding a noun), same; (following a noun), self; even; de — , in the same manner, the same thing; sur une — branche, on one and the same branch.

menacer, menace, threaten.

mener, lead, take to, use.

mensonge, m., falsehood, lie.

menteur, -euse, lying, mendacious; as noun, liar.

mépriser, despise.

mer,/., sea.

merci, thank you.

mère,/., mother.

mérite, m., merit.

mériter, be worthy of, merit.

merveille, /., marvel; à — , first-rate, admirably.

mes, pi. o/mon, ma, my.

Mesdames, pi. of Madame.

mesure,/., measure (in music).

méthode,/., method.

mettre, put, put on; — à profit, put to use, utilize ;

— à prix, put a price on; se — à, begin ; — à genoux, kneel.

meurs, meurt, près, of mourir.

mien (le), mienne (la), les — s, mine.

mieux, better, something better; de — en — , better and better.

milieu, m., middle, center; au

— de, in the midst of, amid.

militaire, military; m., military man.

mille, thousand.

mine, /., expression of the face.

ministre, m., minister, cabinet officer, head of a state department.

minute, m.f minute.

miroir, m., mirror.

mis, p.p. and past def. of mettre (mise,/.).

mission, /., mission, commission, message (for publication).

mode,/., fashion.

modeste, modest, discreet, guarded.

moi, I, to me, me ; (emphatic) , I ; et — donc ! how must I feel!

moi-même, myself.

moins, less; du — , at least; à — , at less than that; à — que (with subj.), unless.

mois, m., month.

moitié, /., half, moiety.

mon, m., my.

monde, m., world, people; tout le — , every one.

monsieur, m., gentleman, Mr.; Sir!

monstre, m., monster.

monter, mount, come up, ride.

montrer, show, point out.

moquerie, /., mockery.

mort, p.p. of mourir.

mort, /., death.

mortel, -le, mortal, deadly.

mot, m., word, remark; voilà

le — de, that was spoken

like . . .

motif, m., motive.

mouchoir, m., handkerchief.

mourir, die.

mourra,/^, of mourir, mouvement, m., movement, moyen, m., means, remedy.

muet, -te, mute, not counting,

of no consequence, mystère, m., mystery.

mystérieux, mysterious.

naïf (cf. native), childlike, ingenuous, artless but intelligent, unsophisticated.

naissance, /., birth, descent, high birth.

naître, be born, arise.

nature,/., nature.

naturel, natural ; m., character.

né, née, p.p. of naître.

ne, not; — pas, — point, not; — personne, nobody; — que, only; — plus, no more, no longer; often understood when a verb is omitted.

nécessaire, necessary.

nerveux, nervous.

neveu, m., nephew.

niais, silly, foolish.

nièce,/., niece.

nier, deny.

noble, noble.

noblesse,/., nobility.

noircir, blacken.

nom, m. y name,

nomination,/., appointment.

nommer : se — , be named, have the name of.

non, no; — pas, no, not so.

Normandie, province of Northern France.

note,/., note.

notre, pi. nos, our.

nôtre, le, la, ours.

nous, we, us.

nouveau, adj., new (/., nouvelle).

novice, m. and/., novice.

obéir, obey.

objet, m., object.

obliger, oblige.

occasion,/, opportunity.

occuper, occupy; s' — , devote one's self to.

octobre, October.

offenser, offend, insult.

offert, p.p. of offrir.

officier, m., officer.

offrir, offer.

offusquer, displease, give umbrage to, annoy.

on, T on, one, some one, people, they, etc.

opinion,/, opinion.

opposer: s' — , oppose.

oppresser, oppress, weigh upon.

orchestre (orkè-stre), m., orchestra.

or donc, now then.

ordonnance, /, decree, order, ordinance.

ordonner, command, order.

ordre, m., order, command.

oreille,/., ear.

orgueil, m., pride, haughtiness.

original, unique, unequaled, beating or surpassing everything; c'est — , that beats everything !

ornement, m., ornament.

oser, dare.

ou, or; — ... — , either ... or.

où, where.

oublier, forget.

oui, yes; ah bien — ! the idea !

such a question !

ouragan, m., hurricane.

outrage, m., insult.

outrager, insult.

ouvrage, m., work, embroidery, etc.

ouvrant, près. p. of ouvrir.

ouvrir, open; s' — , open (intrans.).

pâle, pale.

palefrenier, m., stable boy.

pâlir, turn pale.

papier, m., paper.

par, through, by.

paraissant, près. p. of paraître.

paraître, seem, appear.

parc, m., park.

parceque, because.

parcourir, run through, run

one' s eye over.

parcours, près, of parcourir»

pardon, m., pardon.

pardonner, pardon.

pareil, -le, like, equal, similar.

parent, m., relative.

parer, adorn.

parfait, perfect; all that can be desired; extremely obliging.

parfois, occasionally, sometimes.

parier, bet.

parler, speak.

parole,/., word.

pars, près, of partir.

part, /., part; à — , aside; faire — , communicate, report.

partage, m., share.

partager, share.

particulier, special, particular.

partir, leave, depart.

partout, everywhere.

parut, past def. of paraître.

pas, m., step, pace; sur les — de, following closely; adv., ne — , not, no.

passer, pass, spend; figure as; step over, happen; — avant, precede, go ahead.

passion, /., passon.

passionné, -e, impassioned, passionate.

passionner, inflame, impassion.

paternel, -le, paternal.

pauvre, poor.

payer, pay.

pays (pé-i), m., country.

paysan, m., peasant.

peau,/., skin, hide.

peindre, paint; se — , appear, spread over.

peine, /., hard work; penalty; torment; à — , hardly, scarcely, with difficulty; conjunction, à peine . . . que. . ., scarcely. . . than . . . (or when).

peint, p.p. of peindre.

peloton, m., platoon.

pendant, during.

pendre, hang.

pénible, painful, difficult, unpleasant.

pensée, /., thought; j'ai dans la — , I have the idea, I am thinking.

penser, think, believe; j'y pense, it occurs to me; y penses-tu, are you serious?

you don't mean it, do you?

are you crazy ?

perdre, lose, ruin; se — , undo one's self.

père, m., father.

perfidie,/, perfidy.

péril, m., peril, danger.

périr, perish.

perle,/., pearl.

permettre, permit, allow.

permis, p.p. of permettre.

permission, /., permission, permit.

perron, m., porch.

persévérant, persevering.

personne,/., person; someone, any one ; (with ne understood) , no one.

perte,/., loss, ruin.

peser, oppress, weigh; il m'en pèse, it weighs on my mind.

peste,/., plague.

petit, -e, little, small.

peu, little; — de, few; à —

près, nearly, almost; un — ,

for once, a little, just.

peur, /., fear; avoir — , be

afraid; on aurait — à

moins, a person might be

frightened at less.

peureux, timid.

peut, près, of pouvoir, peut-être, perhaps, possibly.

peux, près, of pouvoir, pièce, /., piece, apartment;

— d'eau, small lake, pond.

pied, m., foot; valet de — ,

footman; see valet, piège, m., snare, trap.

pis, worse.

pitié,/., pity, placard, m., small closet (in

the wall).

place,/., place, square; à la —

de, instead of.

placer, to place.

plaignant, près. p. of plaindre, plaindre, pity; se — , complain.

plaire, please, amuse.

plaisir, m., pleasure.

plaît, près, of plaire, plan, m., division of the stage,

plan.

plateau, m., plate, tray.

plein, full; en — e Vendée, in

the very heart of Vendée, pleurer, weep, cry.

plume,/, pen, feather.

plus, more, longer ; ne — , no

longer; — de, more, above,

(before a number) more than;

de — , longer, more, moreover, besides; au — , at the most, at best; — de danger, no more danger.

plusieurs, several.

plutôt, rather.

poche,/., pocket.

poétique, poetic.

point, m., dot, point; de — , en — , in every detail.

pointe,/, tip, point.

pointer, point, rise (as birds, etc.).

poitrine, /., breast, chest.

politique, /., politics; diplomatic, shrewd, political.

poltron, m., coward.

pompe à incendie, /., fire engine-

ponette, /., pony.

porte,/., door.

portefeuille, m., portfolio.

porter, carry, bring ; — malheur, mean or bring misfortune; — de T intérêt, take interest in.

porteur, m., bearer, carrier.

portrait, m., picture, portrait.

poser, place, put down.

possible, possible.

poste, m., post, duty assigned.

pour, for, in order to; — cela, for that reason; — que, in order that.

pourquoi, why.

pourra, pourrai, etc., fut. of pouvoir.

pourrais, cond. of pouvoir.

poursuivre, pursue.

pourtant, however, nevertheless.

pourvu que, provided that.

pousser, push, drive; utter (a cry).

poutre,/., beam, timber.

pouvoir, be able; may; je pourrai, it is possible that I may; je pourrais, I might.

pouvoir, m., power, authority.

pratique,/., practice.

pratique, practical.

précédent, preceding.

précipiter, plunge headlong, precipitate.

précis, precise, exact.

précisément, exactly, precisely.

prédécesseur, m., predecessor.

préfecture, /., office of prefect.

préfet, m., prefect, the head of a French département.

premier, -ère, first.

prenant, près. p. of prendre.

prendre, take; — des forces, lay up strength, fortify one's self; — garde, be careful; le feu vient de — , a fire has just broken out.

prenez, près, of prendre.

prérogative, /., prerogative.

près, near; — de, near.

présence, presence; en — de, facing.

présent, present; à — , now, at present.

présenter, present, introduce.

presque, almost, nearly.

pressé, in a hurry.

presser, urge.

I prêt, ready.

prêter, lend; — serment, take an oath.

prétexte, m., pretext.

preuve,/, proof.

prévenir, inform, tell beforehand.

prévoie, près. subj. of prévoir.

prévoir, foresee, anticipate.

pré votai, of the provost; cour — , provost court, a military court with right to proceed summarily; court martial.

prévoyance,/, foresight, anticipation.

prier, pray, request.

prière, /., request, prayer.

principal, principal, most important.

pris, p.p. of prendre.

prison,/., prison, jail.

prisonnier, m., prisonnière, /., prisoner.

priver (de), deprive (of), force to go without . . .

prix, m., price, prize; au — de, at the price or cost of.

procédé, ?n., procedure.

procès, m., lawTsuit, process.

prochain, near, next; m., neighbor.

procureur, m., procurator, prosecuting attorney, state attorney.

profit, m., profit.

promenade, /., airing, excursion; — en rade, a pleasure ride in the roadstead or harbor,

promener, take out into the open air; se — , walk up and down, take an airing.

promesse,/., promise.

promettre, promise.

promis, -e, p.p. of promettre.

prononcer, pronounce.

propos, m., talk; à — de, speaking of, as regards.

proscrit, m., proscrite, /., outlawed person, outlaw.

protege, one under the protection of another.

prouver, prove.

provoquer, provoke, call out for a duel.

prudence, /., prudence.

pu, p.p. of pouvoir.

public, ra., (the) public.

puis, then, afterwards.

puisque, in as much as, since.

puisse, près. subj. of pouvoir.

punir, punish.

pur, pure.

qualité,/., quality.

quand, when; — je te le disais, just as I told you, didn't I tell you?

quant à, as regards, as to.

quart, m., quarter.

quatorze, fourteen.

qu' = que.

que, which, whom, when, if, etc., often representing a preceding lorsque, quand, si, etc. ; ce — , which, what (that,

which, what, etc.); — de graces ! how many charms !

qu'elle est belle ! how beautiful she is ! qu'il reste, let him remain; c'est — , because; qu'est-ce — c'est — cela?

what is that? dire — oui (non) , say yes (no) ; quel — , whoever; quoi — , whatever; si forte — , no matter how strong.

quel, -le, which, what, which one.

quelque, some, any; — chose, something, anything.

quelque, — que, whoever, whichever, whatever; no matter who, or which, or what, or how.

quelquefois, now and then, sometimes.

quelqu'un, some one, any one.

question,/., question.

qui, who; sometimes for what (subject) in questions.

quinze, fifteen; — jours, a fortnight; cf. huit jours, a week.

quitter, quit, leave.

quoi, what; un je ne sais — , a certain something; — donc? why, what is the matter? — que, whatever.

quoique, although.

raconter, tell a story, relate.

rade,/., roadstead, harbor.

rafraîchissement, m., refreshment.

raideur, /., rigidity, stiffness, unyielding disposition.

railler, make fun, laugh at, mock.

raillerie,/., raillery.

railleur, in a mocking way.

raison, /., reason; avoir — , be right, be in the right.

raisonnable, reasonable.

raisonnement, m., reasoning, argument.

rameau, m., branch, bough, twig.

ramener, bring, take or lead back.

rang, m., rank.

ranger, line up, put in a straight line.

rappeler, recall; se — , recall, remember.

rapport, m., report, relation, reference, connection.

rapporter, bring; se — à, refer to; s'en — à, refer (to) concerning it.

rassurer, put or make at ease; se — , calm one's self, become tranquil; que vos opinions se rassurent, you need not feel disturbed in your opinions.

rattraper, catch, catch again.

ravir, rob, deprive, carry away, enrapture.

ravissant, bewitching, enrapturing, charming.

réalité,/., reality.

receler, hide, conceal.

recevoir, receive.

recevra, fut. of recevoir.

réchauffer. warm, restore warmth; se — , become warm.

recherche, /., search, research, pursuit.

recommandation, /., recommendation.

reconnaissance,/., gratitude.

reconnaître, recognize, admit.

reconnu, p.p. of reconnaître.

reçu, p.p. of recevoir.

redescendre, come down, or back, again.

redoutable, redoubtable.

redouter, fear.

réel, real.

réellement, really.

regard, m., look.

regarder, look at, regard, concern.

régime, m., management, treatment.

regret, m., regret, sorrow.

rejoindre, rejoin; get aboard of.

réjoui, delighted, merry.

réjouir, rejoice, delight.

relever, raise; se — , rise.

remarquer, observe.

remerciement, m., thanks.

remercier, thank, offer or return thanks.

remettre, hand, hand over, remit; se — , recover (from fright, etc.).

remis, p.p. of remettre.

remise, /., carriage house.

remonter, mount or go up again; — la scène, go again to the rear.

remords, m., remorse.

remplir, fulfill, fill.

renaître, be born again; rise again.

rencontrer, encounter, meet.

rendez-vous, m., meeting agreed upon.

rendre, render, make, express, return, give back.

renfermer, inclose, shut up.

renseignement, m., information.

rentrer, reenter, return.

renvoyer, discharge; send away.

réparer, repair.

reparaître, reappear.

repartais, impf. of repartir.

repartir, set out again, leave again; si je repartais, what if I were to go back.

répéter, repeat, rehearse.

répondre, reply; — de, answer for, assume the responsibility for.

réponse,/., reply.

reposer, repose, rest.

repousser, repulse, push back.

reprendre, take again, take back, resume; se — , correct one's self; — ses sens, come to one's self.

représenter, represent.

réprimer, restrain, check, repress.

réputation,/., reputation.

requête,/., petition ; see maître.

résister, resist.

résolu, -e, p.p. of résoudre, resolute.

résolument, boldly, resolutely.

résolution,/., resolution.

résoudre, resolve.

respect, m., respect.

respectueusement, respectfully.

respirer, breathe.

ressemblant, resembling, similar.

ressens, près, of ressentir.

ressentir, feel.

resserrer, tighten; se — , become narrower.

ressortir (lit. come out of) stand out, appear (in a picture, etc.).

ressource,/., resource.

reste, m., remainder; du — , besides.

rester, remain, stay; qu'il reste, let him remain; — sur place, stand still.

retenir, retain, hold back, keep.

retient, près, of retenir.

retirer, withdraw; se — , withdraw, retire.

retourner; se — , turn around.

retracer, retrace.

réunir, unite, combine, bring together.

revanche,/., revenge.

rêve, m., dream.

révéler, reveal, disclose.

revenant, près. p. of revenir.

revenir, return, go back, come back, recover consciousness.

révérence, /., courtesy; faire une — , drop a courtesy.

rêveur, -se, dreamy, pensive, in a reverie.

reviendra, fut. of revenir.

reviens, près, of revenir.

revoir, see again; au — , goodby.

révolter, make a revolt, revolt.

riant, près. p. of rire.

riche, rich.

rideau, m., curtain.

ridicule, ra., ridicule.

rien, anything, nothing; ne — , nothing; — qu'en vous regardant, merely by looking at you; — que pour, only for or to; — de plus, nothing more; — de moins, nothing less.

riez, près, of rire.

rigoureux, -euse, rigorous.

rigueur,/., harshness, severity, rigor.

rire, laugh.

risquer, venture, risk.

rival, m., rivale,/., rival.

robe,/., gown.

roi, m., king.

rôle, m., rôle.

roman, m., novel, tale; du — , fictitious; toujours du — , always acting like the hero of a novel, sentimental, fantastic.

romanesque, sentimental, as in novels; interested in novels; like the heroine of a novel.

rose,/., rose.

rougir, redden, blush.

route, /., way, road; grande — , highway, main road.

royaliste, m. and /., royalist, monarchist.

royauté,/., kingship, royalty.

ruse, /., wile, trick; — de guerre, stratagem of war.

rusé, wily, astute.

Russie,/., Russia.

saches, près. subj. of savoir.

sachez, imp. of savoir.

sacré, sacred.

sacrifice, m., sacrifice.

sais, près, of savoir.

saisir, seize, catch.

salle,/., large room, hall; — de

bal, ballroom.

salon, m., drawing-room, parlor.

saluer, salute, bow, speak.

salut, ra., rescue, acquittal,

safety; also, salvation.

sang, m., blood.

sang-froid, m., cold blood,

coolness; presence of mind;

allons, du — , never mind,

keep cool.

sanglant, bloody, sanguinary;

— e injure, mortal insult.

sangloter, sob.

sans, without, sauf-conduit, m., permit, pass,

safe-conduct.

saura, saurez, fut. of savoir, sauver, save; se — , go away,

leave, sauveur, m., rescuer, savior.

savoir, know, know about,

know how, know of, find out,

learn.

savourer, relish, savor.