C. Thème
1. Mérimée took a book by M. de Peyrehorade and fell asleep at the third page. 2. It may have been five o’clock in the morning when he heard a cock crow. 3. Then he heard heavy steps on the stairs, which he had already heard before falling asleep. 4. He tried in vain to guess why Alphonse was getting up so early. 5. Mérimée dressed quickly and went out into the corridor. 6. He ran to Alphonse’s room; it was full of people. 7. Alphonse, black and blue and half dressed, was lying motionless on the bed. 8. His wife was on a sofa, at the end of
EXERCICES
the room. 9. She uttered inarticulate cries, and two strong servants could not restrain her. 10. Alphonse had been the victim of a murder, n. Immediately Mérimée remembered the Spanish muleteer and his threat. 12. He told what he knew to the state’s attorney, and the latter ordered the Spaniard arrested at once.
VOCABULAIRE
Idiomatic expressions made up of several words are generally explained
under the last component; so tomber
à to, at, on, in, by, with, or, for, around, about, until, from, against, of, according to
abaisser to lower; s’ — -,
fall, sink
abandonner to abandon, forsake, leave behind, let go
l’abattement m. depression abattre to bring down, fell, throw down abolir to abolish abondant, -e abundant l’abord m. access; d’ — , at first, previously, first; de prime — , from the very start
aborder to board, come up to, meet, reach aboutir to end abréger to abridge l’abreuvoir m. watering trough
l’abri m. shelter; à 1’ — de in the shelter of, sheltered from (by) absolu, -e [apsoly] absolute
accabler to overcome, crush
d’accord is defined under accord.
accéléré, -e rapid l’accès m. fit l’acclamation /. shouting accompagner to accompany, go with accompli perfect accomplir to carry out; celebrate
l’accord m. accord; tomber d’ — , to reach an agreement
accorder to grant, concede s’accouder to lean on one’s elbow
accourir to run up, run, come at once
accoutrer to accouter, fit out, dress
accrocher to hang; s’ — , lay hold
accueillir to receive, welcome
acheter to buy achever to finish l’acier m. [asje] steel l’acolyte m. acolyte, attendant
acquérir to acquire, obtain acquitter to acquit; s’ — , pay one’s debt(s) l’acteur m. actor 1’actrice/. actress adieu good-by l’adjectif m. adjective
VOCABULAIRE
l’adjoint m. deputy, vicemayor
l’adjudant m. ( highest noncommissioned officer, acting as assistant to a commissioned officer, and corresponding in rank, not in junction, to a) top sergeant
admirer to admire; wonder at; faire — , show admissible possible adosser to lean one’s back against; être adossé à be leaning against adoucir to alleviate l’adoucissement m. alleviation
l’adresse f. address, skill adresser to address, speak;
pay; s’ — à apply to adroit, -e clever l’adversaire m. opponent l’affaire /. affair, business, engagement, matter in hand, case; pi. business; avoir — à to deal with, have to do with; avoir — de have need of; faire une — , do business; ils firent leur — , they finished their business; j’en fais mon — , I’ll see to them (it); se tirer d’ — , get out of a difficulty affamé, -e famished afficher to post affiler to sharpen affliger to afflict affreu-x, -se frightful afin (de or que) in order to, that
l’âge m. age; le moyen — y the Middle Ages âgé, -e aged, old s’agenouiller to kneel down agir to act; s’ — de be a question of
agiter to agitate, shake, disturb; s’ — , struggle, be tossed about, stir about
l’agonie /. death struggle agréable agreeable agur laguna ( Basque ) bonjour, camarade l’aide m. assistant; — de camp aide-de-camp; /.
aid, help; être en — à to help
l’aiglon m. eaglet aigu, -ë sharp, piercing, shrill
l’aile/, wing
ailleurs elsewhere; d’ — , besides, otherwise, on the other hand, moreover,, although
aimable agreeable, pleasant
l’aimant m. magnet; pierre d’ — , loadstone aimer to love, like, be fond of
ainsi thus, so, in this fashion
l’air m. look, air, manner; tune; avoir 1’ — de to look as though, seem to; d’un — gai gaily l’aise /. ease; à son - — , à 1’ — , at one’s ease; mal à mon — , ill at ease; adj. glad
VOCABULAIRE
aisément easily, readily ajourner to postpone ajouter to add ajuster to adjust, aim at Alava province of northern Spain, capital Vitoria l’alcade m. (Spanish) magistrate
Alcalà (in Spanish, Alcala) de los Panaderos (“ of
the bakers ”) town near Seville having 200 flour mills
alentour around; d’— , around, surrounding les alentours m. neighborhood l’allée /. going; corridor, alley
allemand, — e German aller to go; draw (of a chimney); s’en — , go away; allons ! va ! come; beyond a doubt; comment cela va-t-il? how are you ?
l’alliance/, connection s’allier à to be united with allumer to light, kindle Almanza (correctly Almansa) small town in eastern Spain alors then, at that period l’altération/, change l'amande/, almond l’amant m. lover amasser to amass, accumulate; (incorrect for ramasser) pick up l’amateur m. person interested, enthusiast l’âme /. soul, mind, spirit; de mon — , see note to page 28, line 21
amen [amenj] amen amener to lead, bring (up, on), induce
amer [am£R], amère bitter
l’Amérique /. America l’ameublement /. furniture l’ami m. friend l’amie /. friend; bonne — , sweetheart; m’ — , my love
l’amitié/, friendship l’amorce/. priming l’amour m. love l’amourette /. love affair amoureu-x, -se in love, loving; n. lover l’amour-propre m. self-respect, self-esteem amuser to amuse; s’ — , amuse oneself, have a good time l’an m. year l’ancêtre m. ancestor ancien, -ne ancient, old; former; plus — , ranking
andalous, -e Andalusian, from Andalusia l’Andalousie /. Andalusia
(province in southern Spain) l’âne m. ass
anéantir to annihilate, overcome l’ange m. angel anglais, -e English; l’Anglais Englishman l’angle m. corner l’angoisse /. anguish, suffering
l’animal m. beast
VOCABULAIRE
animer to animate; s’ — , become excited l’anisette /. liqueur flavored with anise l’anneau m. ring l’année /. year; depuis peu d’ — s of late years annoncer to announce, present, indicate, inform; show, reveal; predict; s’ — pour promise to be annulaire adj. ring l’antichambre /. antechamber, anteroom l’antiquaillerie /. old trumpery
l’antiquaire m. antiquary antique antique, ancient;
n. m. relic of antiquity Antonio {Span.) Anthony l’anxiété/, anxiety apaiser to appease, placate apercevoir to perceive, catch sight of, see; s’ — (de) perceive aplatir to flatten apostropher to accost rudely
apparaître to appear apparemment [-am-] apparently
l’apparence /. appearance, bearing, look, show; en — , apparently l’apparition/, vision l’appartement m. apartment appartenir to belong l’appel m. roll call appeler to call; il s’appelle his name is
appétissant, -e appetizing
l’appétit m. appetite l’applaudissement m. applause
l’application/, place appliquer to apply, fit apporter to bring; serve; preserve
apprendre to learn (of), teach, tell, hear of l’apprenti m. apprentice, tyro
l’apprêt m. preparation apprêter to dispose, make apprivoiser to tame, make sociable
l’approche/, approach approcher to approach; put (bring, draw) near; s’ — (de) approach l’appui m. support; point d’ — , center of movement
appuyé, -e leaning appuyer to support, lean; s’ — , lean
après after, afterward: see note to page io, line 9; d’ — , according to, in, from, after; — que after; peu — , a while later après-demain the day after tomorrow
arabe Arabic; l’Arabe Arab
aragonais, -e Aragonese l’arbre m. tree l’arbrisseau m. shrub archéologique [-ke-] archeological
l’archéologue [-ke-] m. archeologist; moins — , less of an archeologist
VOCABULAIRE
ardent, -e blazing l’argent m. silver, money;
— blanc silver money l’argile /. clay l’argot, m. slang, argot l’arme /. arm, weapon armer to arm; cock arracher to snatch, wrench from, rouse, tear (away) arranger to arrange, settle; s’ — , manage, shift for oneself
arrêter to stop; decide (upon) ; s’ — , stop arrière back, rear; — de moi ! get out of my sight ! en — , behind, to the rear
l’arrière-garde /. rearguard, rear
l’arrivée/, arrival arriver to arrive, come, happen; strike; arrivant jusqu’à carried to the point of
l’arrondissement m. one of
the divisions of a department
arroser to sprinkle, bathe l’article m. point in question articulé, -e connected; distinct
l’artillerie /. artillery l’asile m. refuge l’aspect [aspej m. aspect, appearance aspirer to aspirate assaillir to attack l’assassinat m. assassination l’assaut m. assault; dormer 1’ — , to make a frontal attack
l’assemblée /. gathering asseoir to seat; s’ — , sit, sit down
assez enough, sufficiently; rather; fairly, satisfactorily
l’assiette /. plate assis, -e seated l’assistant m. person present assister to be present, witness
assit past def. of asseoir associer to admit as partner
assommer to fell, stun assoupi, -e hushed up assoupir to make drowsy;
s’ — , fall half asleep assoupissant, -e soporific assuré, -e safe, confident assurément certainly assurer to assure, affirm;
s’ — (de) make sure (of) athlétique athletic atroce atrocious attacher to attach, fasten, lace, put on, fix, tie l’attaque/, attack attardé, -e belated atteignis past def. of atteindre
atteindre to reach, overtake; strike l’atteinte f. reach attelé, -e harnessed attendre to await, wait for, wait, expect; elle se fit — , she came late; s’ — à expect; en attendant (que) while waiting (for), until, pending 1’attente /. wait, expectation
VOCABULAIRE
l’attention /. attention; avoir 1’ — de to be attentive enough to; faire — -, pay attention attifer to adorn, bedeck attirer to draw, attract, gain; s’—, attain; draw upon oneself
l’attrait m.: — de curiosité curious interest attraper to catch attribuer to attribute attrister to sadden l’auberg e f. inn l’aubergiste m. innkeeper aucun, -e no, none, any 1’audace /. boldness au delà beyond au dessus (de) above au-devant before; — - de before; aller — de to go to meet
l’audience /. hearing; donner — , to receive l’auditoire m. audience l’auge/. trough augmenter to increase, heighten
l’augure m. omen augurer to augur, predict aujourd’hui today; dès — , this very day l’aumône/, alms; faire 1* — , to be charitable 1’aune /. ell ( about 46 f in.
in France)
auparavant before, previously
auprès (de) near, nearly, with, among, over by, in comparison with aussi also, too; so, conse¬
quently, as; — ... que as ... as
aussitôt immediately, at once, forthwith; — que as soon as
autant as much, as many, as well; aimer — , to like just as well; — - que as far as, as much as; en faire — , do likewise l’auteur m. author, perpetrator
l’automne [oton(] m. or f.
autumn
autoriser to authorize; give reason l’autorité /. authority
autour (de) around, around it
autre other, else; l’un de 1’ — , from one another; l’un et 1’ — , both; nous
— s we
autrefois formerly; d’ — , former
autrement otherwise
avaler to swallow 1’avance /. advance, lead; d’ — , or à 1* — , in advance
avancer to advance; stretch out; s’ — -, come forward (on), walk on; je suis trop avancé I have ventured too far
avant before; deep; — de before; (bien) — que (long) before; en — , forward, in front; en — de in front of; si — , so deeply
l’avantage m. advantage;
VOCABULAIRE
avoir 1’ — , to be the victor
l’avant-poste m. outpost l’Ave Maria m. Hail Mary
(' Catholic prayer) avec with, to
l’aventure /. adventure; à 1’ — , or d’ — , at random; la bonne — , fortune aventureu-x, -se adventurous
avertir to warn, give warning, inform
l’avis m. opinion, (bit of) information or advice aviser to apprise, notice; s’ — , take into one’s head, presume, think (of) l’avocat m. lawyer, attorney avoir to have, get, find; — faim, froid, peur, raison, soif be hungry, cold, afraid, right, thirsty; elle a sept ans, she is seven years old; il n’a rien, nothing is wrong with him; il y a there is, there are; ago, for (of time); je ne sais ce que j’ai I don’t know what’s wrong with me; malgré que j’en aie in spite of myself ; qu’y at-il ? what is the matter ?
avouer to avow, admit, confess
l’axiome m. rule azuré, -e azure, blue
la babine lip ( of animal) chap
Baetica town on banks of the Guadalquivir le bagage baggage, luggage; pour tout — , as my entire baggage la bagatelle trifle la bague ring
la baguette rod; mener à la — , to rule with an iron hand
bah ah ! stuff and nonsense ! bai, -e bay
baï, jaona ( Basque ) yes, sir
le bâillement yawn bâiller to yawn la baïonnette bayonet baiser to kiss
baisser to lower, cast down; se — , stoop la baji {Gipsy) fortune; see note to page 18, line 4 le bal {pi. bals) dance balafrer to slash le balai [-e] broom
balancer to swing; se — , sway
balayer to sweep balbutier [-sje] to stammer
le balcon balcony la baliverne nonsense la balle bullet, ball le ballot bale le banc [bâ] bench la bande band; expanse; crowd; side {of ship) bander to bind up la bandoulière shoulder belt; en — , slung over his shoulder
VOCABULAIRE
la bannière banner baptisé, -e baptized la bar lachi {Gipsy) loadstone baragouiner to murder ( a language) barbare barbarian la barbe beard
barbu, -e bearded Barcelone Barcelona Bari Crallisa {Gipsy) = grande reine la barque boat le barratcea see note to page 31, line 31 la barre bar le barreau bar la barrière barrier, railing le bas lower part; stocking bas, -se adj. or adv. low, in a low tone, down; à - — de down from; au — de below; en — de
down from; là - ,
yonder, over there; tout — , in a low voice basané, -e tanned le bas-empire late Roman empire
basque Basque; le Basque Basque; tambour de — , tambourine le bassin basin
Bastia seaport in northeastern Corsica, largest town on island Bastuli-Pœni Iberian race {Bastuli) on southern coast of Spain, intermingled with Phoenicians {Lat.
Pœni)
la bataille battle, battle array le bataillon battalion
le bâtiment building; vessel bâtir to build
le bâton stick, piece of wood, cudgel, club le battement clapping la batterie battery
battre to beat, strike; se —, fight
le bavard chatterer
Baztan river in the western Pyrenees, near France, continuation of the Bidassoa
béant, -e wide open beau (bel before vowels), belle beautiful, fair, handsome, lovely, good.
fine; avoir - b inf. in
vain; de plus belle louder or more forcibly than ever
beaucoup much, many, very much la beauté beauty la bêche spade le beignet fritter
Bellum Hispaniense one of three anonymous supplements to Cæsar’s Commentaries; tells of struggles in Spain between Caesar and Pompey’s party, ending at M undo
le Bengale Bengal; rose du — , China rose, blush rose
le béret Basque woolen cap.
tam-o’-shanter le berger shepherd la bergère shepherdess la besace leather bag, scrip
VOCABULAIRE
les bésicles /. spectacles le besoin need ; au —, in case of need; avoir — de to need
la bête animal, beast; fool bête foolish, silly, stupid la bêtise nonsense, stupid thing, folly
la bibliothèque library le bien good; kind act; property
bien well, very, really, quite, many, much, very much, certainly, fully, perhaps, readily, closely, carefully, indeed, to the point, gladly, heartily;
- — ! very well ! all right !
aussi • — , in any event;
— des many; — du (de la) much; — que although; eh — , well; je vous le disais —, I told you so; ou — , or indeed, or, or else; ou
— ... ou — , either . . .
or; se trouver — ici to like it here
bienvenu welcome; soyez le — , welcome le bijou jewel le billot block bimm bang !
la Biscaïe [biskai] Biscay {province of northern Spain, capital Bilbao ) le bissac knapsack, wallet le bivouac bivouac; au — , in the open bizarre strange blanc, blanche white Blanche de Bourbon
(133S-1361) queen of Castile, married in 1353 and three days later abandoned by Pedro the Cruel, to whom her death has been imputed blasé sur weary of le blessé wounded person blesser to wound la blessure wound bleu, -e blue bleuâtre bluish se blottir to crouch la Bohême the Gipsies, Gipsydom; see note to page 18, line 3
bohémien, -ne Gipsy; le Bohémien Gipsy; see note to page 18, line 3 boire to drink; donner à • — , give a drink le bois wood la boisson drink la boîte box, (watch-) case boiteu-x, -se lame; ».
cripple
le bon the important point
bon, -ne good, kind; big; keen; à quoi — , what is the use of ? en coûter — , to cost a good lot; faire — , be safe; le — Dieu God; pom tout de — , in good earnest; son compte est — , his account will be settled; trouver — , be satisfied with; (le) trouver fort — , think it a good jest le bond bound, leap, jump bondir to bound
VOCABULAIRE
le bonheur happiness; par —, luckily
le bonhomme ( pl . bons¬
hommes) grotesque figure
le bonjour good day le bonnet cap le bonsoir good night le bord edge, border, bank; à — , on board; par dessus le — , overboard border to border, skirt borgne one-eyed borner to limit la botte boot, bundle la bouche mouth la boucherie butchery, butcher’s shop
bouder to sulk, be angry with
boudeu-r, -se sulky la bouffée puff, whiff bouger to move la bougie candle
bouillant, -e boiling hot le bouillon bubble, stream bouillonner to bubble le boulet cannon ball
bouleverser to upset, tear up
Boultemère ( should be
Bouletemère) village near Ill-sur-Têt; see note to page hi, line 21 le bourg [bur] small town bourgeois, -e citizen’s; n.
m. civilian
la bourre wad; charge; see note to page 81, line
la bourrique donkey la bourse purse
la boussole compass le bout end; bit; au — de . . . , ... later; pousser à — , to drive too far la bouteille bottle la boutique shop le bouton button
boutonner to button la boutonnière buttonhole le brancard stretcher la branche branch
Brantôme, Pierre de Bourdelles (1535-1614), author of short stories le bras arm; à longueur du — , at arm’s length; sur les — , on his hands brave brave, worthy, good; mon — , my good fellow, old fellow; n. m. brave man; bravo, hired assassin
bravo ! applause bravo !
la bravoure courage la brèche breach
bref, brève short, curt bref adv. in a word la bride bridle; tourner — , to turn back brider to bridle le brigadier ( cavalry ) corporal brillant, -e bright, brilliant briller to shine la brioche blunder la brique brick le briquet flint and steel, lighter
briser to break, break down broder to embroider brosser to brush; se — , brush up
brouiller to mix up; se —
VOCABULAIRE
avec get into trouble with, quarrel with les broussailles /. pi. bushes broyer to shatter le bruit noise, clash, sound brûler to burn, consume brumeu-x, -se overcast brun, -e brown, dark brusque rude, abrupt brusquement brusquely, short, abruptly, rudely brutal, -e bestial, brutish bruyant, -e noisy bulbeu-x, -se bulbous buon giomo, fratello {Hal.)
good day, brother bus see boire le buste bust but see boire le but goal, purpose le butin booty
le butor bumpkin, awkward clown
ça see cela
çà here; come ! — et là here and there la cabane cabin le cabaret tavern le cabinet office, private room Cabra (la sierra de) a mountain range some 40 miles southeast of Cordova
se cabrer to rear le cabri kid
Cachena (la plaine de) {really Carchena) place W stream near M outilla cacher to hide
le cachot dungeon le cadavre corpse le cadeau present
Cadix Q-diks] Cadiz {seaport in southern Spain, on the Atlantic) le cadran dial, face le café coffee; café le caillou pebble la caisse tank, case le caisson ammunition wagon le calcul [kalkylj calculation
calé see calés la calèche open carriage le caleçon drawers caler to prop up calé (s) {Gipsy) Gipsies {literally ‘ blacks ’) le calicot calico le calife caliph
calli {Gipsy fern, sing.; cf.
calés) Gipsy
calme calm; n. m. calm, quiet
le, la camarade comrade le caméléon chameleon le camp [kôQ camp; side le campagnard country person
la campagne country; campaign; field; dans la — , across country; se mettre en — , to begin a campaign, set out la canaille riffraff le canapé sofa
canarder to snipe, fire shots from shelter le canari canary bird le candilejo {Span.) little lamp
VOCABULAIRE
le Canigou mountain in department of Pyrénées-Orientales, last high peak of eastern Pyrenees, with celebrated view le canon cannon, barrel le canonnier gunner le canot canoe
le canton canton ( subdivision of an arrondissement)
le capitaine captain; chieftain
la capitale capital city le caporal ( Corsican ) corporal {official originally elected by a council and later hereditary, who administered justice in most Corsican communes); famille caporale family of corporal rank
les caporali {Ital.) = caporaux; see caporal
la capote {military) cloak, overcoat
le caprice caprice; passing fancy, sweetheart la captivité captivity le capuchon hood car for
le caractère character, distinction
la carchera [-Rke-] {Corsican) cartridge belt
la caresse caress; kindness caresser to caress, fondle Carmen [kaRmsn] see note to page 1 8, line 5 Carmencita {Span.) diminutive of Carmen le carnage slaughter
le carnaval carnival carré square le carreau square la carrière career la carte card, map; bill le carton pasteboard la cartouche cartridge, case {for coins)
le cas case; conduct; event; faire — de to attach importance to, take notice of
casser to break, smash, break down; se — , break
la cassie acacia les castagnettes /. pi. castanets
castillan, -e Castilian; le Castillan Castilian catalan, -ne Catalan, relating to Catalonia; le Catalan Catalan la Catalogne Catalonia {province in Spain, capital Barcelona) catholique Catholic causant, -e talkative la cause cause; à — de because of, for the sake of
causer to cause, give; converse, talk (about) la cavalerie cavalry le cavalier horseman, rider, cavalryman
ce this, that, it; he, she ce (cet, cette, pi. ces) this, that {adjective) ceci this
céder to cede, yield, make over
VOCABULAIRE
le cèdre cedar; see note to page 100, line 13 la ceinture belt, girdle le ceinturon sword belt cela that; abbreviated ça célèbre renowned cede see celui celtique Celtic celui (fem. celle, pl. ceux, celles) he, him; this, that; the one; — -- ci the latter, this one, one; — -là the former, that one, the other
la cendre ashes ( also in pl.)
cent one hundred la centaine about a hundred, some hundred la cépée tuft of shoots
cependant however, nevertheless, and yet, meanwhile
le cerceau hoop le cercle circle, band la cérémonie ceremony
certain, — e sure, certain; a, some; — jour one day certes certainly la cervelle brain (s) ; brûler (faire sauter) la — , to blow (a man’s) brains out
César Julius Caesar (102 ?— 44 B.C.) Roman general and dictator la cesse ceasing cet see ce ceux see celui
chacun, -e each, everyone le chagrin sorrow, vexation la chaîne chain la chair flesh; meat
la chaise chair le châle shawl la chaleur heat le chambellan chamberlain la chambre room; robe de — , dressing gown le champ Qa] field; sur le — , at once
le champion contestant chanceler to stagger la chandelle candle le changement change la chanson song le chant song, chant
chanter to sing; say (mass); crow chantonner to hum Chapalangarra anti-Carlist Spanish soldier le chapeau hat la chapelle chapel; death chamber ( condemned
Spanish criminals were kept in the prison chapel from sentence until execution) chaque each le chardon thistle la charge charge, load; duty; attack
chargé, -e laden, full charger to charge, load, take, fill; order; se — (de) take care (of), take upon oneself le chariot cart
Charlemagne (about 742- 814) founder of the Holy Roman Empire; known to the French peasantry as a hero of medieval legend
VOCABULAIRE
charmant, -e charming, delightful le charme charm charmer to charm la charogne carcass la charte charter (i.e. the Charte constitutionnelle de France, granted by Louis XVIII in 1814 and revised to include complete religious toleration, etc., in 1830)
la chasse hunting, chase la châsse shrine; comme une — , fit to kill chasser to chase, dispel le chasseur hunter le chat cat
la châtaigne chestnut le châtaignier chestnut tree le château country house la chatte cat
chaud, -e warm, hot; faire — , to be hot le chaudronnier tinker chauffer to get hot chausser to put on (wear) shoes
le chebec xebec ( small threemasted M editerranean craft )
le chef chief, superior officer, leader, commander; — d’œuvre masterpiece; en — , the officer in command le chemin way, road; après un bout de — , after going a certain distance; voleur de grands — s highwayman
la cheminée chimney, fireplace
cheminer to go on one’s way
la chemise shirt, chemise le chêne oak; see vert
cher, chère dear; mon — , my dear friend chercher to search (for), look for; get; try; aller — , to get chéti-f, -ve weak le cheval horse; à — , on horseback; fer de — , horseshoe
la chevalerie chivalry la chevelure hair
Cheverino see note to page 88, line 3
le cheveu hair; pi. hair; tiré par les — x farfetched
la cheville ankle la chèvre goat le chevreuil roebuck le chevrier goatherd la chevrotine buckshot
chez at (to) the house (home, shop) of, with, in the room (country, shop) of, etc.; — eux at home; de — nous from our village (country) le chien, la chienne dog le chiffon rag
chiné, -e watered chipe calli {Gipsy) Gipsy language
chirurgical, -e surgical
le chirurgien surgeon; -
major regimental surgeon
le choc blow, shock le chocolat fjpkola] chocolate
VOCABULAIRE
le chœur [keen] choir choisir to choose, select le choix choice; pleasure choli for joli choquer to shock la chose thing; autre —, something else; bien autre — , quite different things; peu de — , a small matter; quelque — , m. something, anything
le chou cabbage
chrétien Q-tjë] Christian; le Chrétien Christian; mourir en — , to die a Christian death; vieux — , of an old family ( not descended from converted Moors or Jews ) la chufa (Span.) the edible root of a kind of sedge la chute climax la cicatrice scar le cidre cider; pommier à — , cider apple tree le ciel (pi. deux) sky, heaven; part of the world
le cierge wax taper le cigare cigar le cimetière cemetery la circonstance circum¬
stance (s), juncture le cirque circus, amphitheater le ciseau: — à froid cold chisel
ciseler to chisel, emboss citer to mention le citoyen, la citoyenne citizen
clair, -e clear, light (color)
la clairière clearing la clameur shouting
claquer to rattle, crack la clarté light
classique classic; see note to page 113, line 4 la clé or clef Dde] key le clergé clergy la clientèle dependents le clignement winking; — s d’yeux winks
cligner to wink; — (de) l’œil wink
le climat [klima] climate le clin wink, twinkling la cloche bell clopiner to limp clore to close; nuit close quite dark la cocarde cockade le cocher coachman le cœur heart ; courage ; de bon (tout) — , heartily, vigorously; homme (gaillard) de — , courageous man (fellow), proud man, man of spirit; joli — , lady’s man; rester sur le — , to rankle within
le coffre chest, box; - fort
strong box, safe coi, coite quiet coiffé, -e with one’s hair dressed; — de wearing on his (her) head coiffer to put on the head, put in the hair le coin corner le col collar
la colère anger, wrath; en — , angry; adj. choleric, irascible
VOCABULAIRE
Coll (Jean) see note to page 95, line 25
la collation light meal le collège college; see note to page 18, line 12 le collègue colleague le collet collar {of a coat) Collioure small seaport in Roussillon, noted for its wines
la colonne column
colorer to color; se — , become colored
le combat fight, duel, struggle, battle le combattant combatant combattre to fight combien how much, how many
le comble height
commander to order, command
comme as, when, like, how, as if, though, such as, as well as
le commencement beginning commencer to commence, open
comment how, what ! — s’appelle (se nommel-til ? what is his name ?
— cela how is that ?
le commentaire commentary; les Commentaires de César Cæsar’s Commentaries {on the Gallic and Civil wars; editions of them frequently include the “ Bellum Hispaniense ”)
le commerce business; faire — , to trade
la commère godmother, gossip, comrade {cf. note to page 28, line 12) old woman
commettre to commit la commission errand, request
commodément comfortably; être — , to be at
ease
commun, -e common la commune township
communiquer to lead la compagnie company; la bonne — , society le compagnon companion la comparaison comparison le compère godfather; friend;
see note to page 28, line 12 se complaire à to take pleasure in
la complaisance good nature
complet, complète complete
le compliment compliment; faire son — , to congratulate
complimenter to praise le complot plot
comprendre to understand, heed
compromettre to compromise
compte [kônt] count, account; à bon — , cheaply; se rendre — de to realize, determine exactly; sur le — de concerning
compter to count; intend, expect, rely; à pas comptés with slow steps
VOCABULAIRE
le comptoir counter le comte count
concentré, -e violent, utter
concevoir to conceive la concision brevity conclure to conclude concurremment [-am-] together
condamner to condemn le conducteur driver
conduire to conduct, lead, take, bring, accompany le cône cone; exterior la conférence lecture, conference
le confesseur father-confessor
la confession confession; — !
a confessor !
la confiance confidence la confidence confidential remark; faire des — s to confide in
confier to entrust; confide confire to conserve le confiseur confectioner confisquer to capture la confiture preserves, jam confondre to confound, confuse; intertwine; se — , mix
la conformation: défaut de
— , physical defect conforme accordingly confus, -e confused la confusion embarrassment le congé leave
la conjuration conspiracy; spell
conjurer to conjure, call up
la connaissance acquaintance; consciousness; figure de — , familiar face; sans —, unconscious
le connaisseur expert
connaître to be (become) acquainted with, know; se — en be a judge of, be an expert in connu, -e known conquérir to conquer, attain
consacrer to dedicate le conscrit conscript le conseil counsel, council; pi. advice
conseiller to advise conséquent, -e consistent conséquent: par — , consequently, therefore conserver to preserve, retain, save
considérable important la considération consideration, respect; reason considérer to look at la consigne orders
consommé, — e expert constamment constantly consterner to dismay la construction building construire to construct, build
contagieu-x, -se contagious le conte tale
contempler to contemplate, look at
la contenance bearing, appearance
contenir to contain, hold, restrain
VOCABULAIRE
content, -e contented, satisfied, pleased, glad le contenu contents
conter to tell, recount, tell of; en — de toutes les couleurs try to win (them) by talking all sorts of nonsense contigu, -ë adjoining le contour form
contraindre to force contraire contrary, opposite; au — , on the contrary
le contraste contrast
contre against, contrary to; at, toward, behind, on, with
la contrebande smuggling; contraband, smuggled goods
le contrebandier smuggler à contre-cœur unwillingly le contre-coup recoil
contredire to contradict la contrée country le contrefort spur (of a mountain-chain)
la contre-marche ( now written contremarche) countermarch
contribuer to contribute, add
convaincre to convince convenable proper, suitable
la convenance convenience, material advantage; mariage de — , marriage for money or position convenir to suit, be best; agree, admit
le or la convive guest la convoitise greed le coq rooster, cock coquet, -te coquettish la coquette flirt la coquille shell le coquin, la coquine rogue, unprincipled person, scoundrel le corbeau raven la corbeille basket; bride’s presents
la corde rope, cord, line le cordon cord
Cordoue Cordova ( famous Spanish city in Andalusia)
la come horn
le corps body; body of troops; — à — , hand to hand
le corrégidor (Span.) chief judge of a town le correspondant agent
correspondre to correspond corriger to correct, punish; se — de break oneself la Corse Corsica
corse Corsican; le Corse Corsican
Corte C-te] town in the center of Corsica
le cortège procession la côte rib; slope, coast; rire à se tenir les — s to split one’s sides laughing le côté side, direction; à — de alongside of, beside; de —, to (on) one side; de son — , on the other hand; du — de towards; toward that part
VOCABULAIRE
of ; d’un autre — , on the other hand le coteau hillock le coton cotton la cotonnade cotton goods le cou neck; sauter au — , to throw one’s arms around the neck of la couche bed
couché, — e lying, lying down, in bed
coucher to lay, lay down, sleep; se — , go to bed, lie down; set; aller se — , go to bed; chambre à — , bedroom
le coucher bed; — du soleil
sunset
le coude elbow; coup de — , push of the elbow coudre to sew couler to flow, sink la couleur color la coulisse groove; wings {theater); faire les yeux en — , to glance sidewise
le coup blow, stroke; “haul”; shot; — d’œil glance; à deux — , doublebarreled; boire un — , to take a drink; pour le — , for once; tout à — , suddenly; tout d’un — , all at once coupable blameworthy, to blame
couper to cut, cut off, slash, cut up
le couplet stanza la cour court, yard
courageu-x, -se courageous
courber to curve, bend le coureur runner courir to run; be in la couronne crown, wreath couronner to crown le cours course la course course, ride, race, journey, walking about; fight; à la — , by running; au pas de — , at the double quick; se mettre en — , to start out
le coursier race horse
court, -e short, brief; pour le faire — , in short le courtisan courtier le cousin, la cousine cousin Coustou family of French sculptors, the best known of whom was Nicolas Coustou (1658-1733); statues in gardens of Tuileries and Versailles le couteau knife
coûter to cost; involve la coutume habit (s) ; de — , usually
le couvent convent le couvert shelter; à — , sheltered, from cover la couverture cover, blanket couvrir to cover, thatch;
se — de put on cracher to spit craindre to fear la crainte fear
crain ti -f, -ve terrified le craquement cracking, creaking
craquer to crack, creak le crayon pencil
VOCABULAIRE
la créance credence le créancier creditor le créateur creator le crédit influence; credit le credo [kRedo] creed le crêpe crape crépu, -e curly le crépuscule twilight creuser to dig le creux hollow
creux, creuse hollow crever to burst; die (of animals or contemptuously)
le cri cry, scream, shout crier to cry, scream, shout; creak
le crin horsehair critiquer to criticize le crochet hook
croire to believe, think;
se — , think oneself, feel croiser to cross, fold le croiseur cruiser croître to increase la croix cross ( see note to page 87, line 16); faire la - — , to make the sign of the cross
la crosse butt-end la croupe croup; (porter) en — , (to carry) behind one (on horseback) la cruauté cruelty le cuarto Spanish copper coin, no longer minted, worth about § cent
le cuervo (Span.) raven;
Venta del — , Raven Inn le cuir leather la cuirasse breastplate cuire to cook, bake
la cuisine kitchen la cuisse thigh
cuit, -e: terre — e terra cotta
le cuivre copper
culbuter to upset, overturn
la culotte breeches le culte religion; liberté des — s religious freedom cultiver to cultivate le curé priest, curé
curieusement inquisitively curieu-x, -se curious; interesting
la curiosité curiosity; de — , inquisitive cursi-f, -ve running
daigner to deign le daim fallow deer le dais canopy; see note to page 92, line 5
la dame lady; Notre-Dame
Our Lady
le damier checkerboard le dancaïre (Span.) gambler (who places other people’s money)
danois, -e Danish dans in, into, to, on, at danser to dance; les faire — , play dance music for them; have them dance le danseur, la danseuse dancer
davantage (the) more, fur ther, any better de of, from, with, about, by, to, at, on, in, for,
VOCABULAIRE
among; than ( with numerals); some ( partitive )
débarrasser to rid le débat discussion
débattre to debate; se — , struggle
déboucher to uncork debout upright; up; se tenir — , to remain standing
débrider to unbridle le débris remnants, wreckage le début start
deçà this side of; this way décamper to be off décapiter to behead la décharge discharge
décharger to unload; se — , empty
déchiqueter to hack apart déchirant, — e piercing déchirer to tear décider to decide, decide upon; décidé à ready to; se — , be decided, make up one’s mind; — • de decide
décontenancer to disconcert
découplé, -e strapping le découragement discouragement
décourager to discourage; se — , lose courage la découverte discovery découvrir to discover, find le décret decree décrire to describe dédaigner to disdain dédaigneu-x, -se disdainful
le dédain disdain
dedans inside, within; en
— , within; là - , in it,
in there
dédier to dedicate dédire: s’en —, to break one’s word la déesse goddess
défaillant, -e faltering défaire to undo, open, unpack, remove; se — , dispose (of) le défaut fault, defect
défendre to defend, forbid; je ne pus m’en — , I could not refuse {help) la défense defense; légitime - — , self-defense le défi challenge, defiance défier to defy, dare, challenge; se — de distrust définir to define, describe défoncer to smash dégagé, -e indifferent, free and easy
le dégagement disengagement; salle de — , retiring-room dégager to set free dégainer to unsheathe ( one’s sword) dégénérer to get worse dégoûter to disgust, revolt la dégradation reducing to the ranks
dégrader to reduce to the ranks
le degré degree, step déguiser to disguise dehors {or en — ) outside;
en — de outside of déjà already
VOCABULAIRE
déjeuner to lunch le déjeuner lunch
delà beyond; that way; au — de beyond; deçà et — , back and forth délicat, -e delicate, difficult, critical délivrer to free demain tomorrow la demande request, offer of marriage
demander to ask, ask for, beg {pardon); se — , ask oneself, wonder la démangeaison itching démanger to itch; hurt le démêlé difficulty se démener to work hard démesurément excessively, very widely
demeurer to remain, stay, accrue to, live demi, -e half; à — , halfway, commonplace la demi-douzaine half dozen la demi-heure half hour la demi-lieue half league demi-mort, -e half dead la demoiselle young lady, unmarried girl le démon devil la démonstration show
démontrer to demonstrate dénicher to take from their nest
dénoncer to inform against dénoter to show la dent tooth; sous la — de from the bite of la dentelle lace le départ departure, parting le département department
{France is divided into go departments ) dépasser to pass beyond dépeindre to depict dépendre to depend les dépens [depcQ m. pi. expense
dépenser to spend déplaire to displease déployer to unfold, stretch out, display
déposer to put down, lay la déposition testimony; dethronement
le dépôt depository, supply dépouiller to strip dépourvu, -e destitute, lacking
depuis from, since, for, after, afterwards; — que since
déraciner to uproot déranger to disturb, interfere with
demi -er, -ère last dérober to steal derrière behind; from behind; par — , behind dès from, ever, since, after;
— aujourd’hui this very day; — demain not later than tomorrow;
— le lendemain the very next day; — lors from that time on; — que as soon as
désagréable disagreeable désarmer to disarm le désastre misfortune le désavantage disadvantage descendre to descend, alight, get down, land,
VOCABULAIRE
go or come down, go off ^(guard)
désert, -e deserted désespéré, -e desperate, disheartened
désespérer to despair; désespérant disheartening; excessive
le désespoir despair, scene of despair
déshabiller to undress désigner to designate, call, mean
désoler to grieve deeply le désordre disorder
désormais henceforth;
from that time on dessécher to dry le dessein purpose, intention le dessin drawing
dessiner to design, form, draw
dessous below, underneath; en — , below; avoir le — , to have the worst of it
dessus above, over, over
(on) it; au - de above;
la - , thereupon, forth¬
with; concerning that;
par - , over
le destin destiny
destiner to intend (for), assign (to)
le destructeur destroyer le détachement squad
détacher to detach ; se — , stand out, come off la détente trigger
déterminer to persuade le détour detour, side trip, turn
détourner to turn away; se — , make a detour, push
détremper to soak détruire to destroy, ruin la dette debt le deuil mourning
deux two; — à — , two by two; en — , double; piquer de — (éperons understood ) to set (both) spurs to one’s horse; tous (toutes) (les) —, both
deuxième second devant before, in front ot;
au - de to meet
développer to develop; justify more fully devenir to become; que devient-il what is becoming of him?
deviner to guess, discover;
imagine; determine dévisager to stare out of countenance deviser to chat devoir must, ought, to owe, will; be to, be destined to; can le devoir duty, obligation; se mettre en — de to set about
le dévolu claim; jeter son — sur to have designs upon dévorer to devour, eat ravenously, swallow dévot, -e devout dévotement devoutly le dévouement devotion le diable devil; — de fille fiendish girl; donner au
VOCABULAIRE
— , to consign to the devil, curse; se donner au — , be at one’s wits’ end
la diablerie deviltry, devilish device
diabolique diabolical, devilish
le diamant diamond la diane reveille, waking signal
le dictionnaire dictionary le dicton saying le Dieu God; bon — ! great heavens ! mon — , heavens ! well; par — , I assure you
différemment [-am-] differently
difficile difficult, hard to please
difficilement with difficulty
digne worthy la diligence stagecoach le dimanche Sunday
diminuer to lessen, fall off, relieve
la diminution reduction
diner to dine le diner dinner
Diomède see note to page 1 13, line 3
dire to say, tell, talk, speak of, call, report, proclaim; à vrai — , to tell the truth; au — de according to; c’est à — , that is (to say); se — , describe oneself as; vouloir — , mean
diriger to direct, supervise,
turn, point, steer, guide; se — , go, be bound discuter to discuss disparaître to disappear la disparition disappearance disperser to scatter dispos, -e active disposer to arrange, prepare; se — , get ready la disposition inclination, tendency
disputer to dispute; se — , quarrel (over) le disque disk
la dissertation study, treatise distinguer to distinguish,
descry
la distraction absent-mindedness
distraire to distract, divert distrait, -e absent-minded distribuer to distribute divers, -e various le divertissement amusement la divinité divinity la divisa (Span.) = cocarde cockade
divulguer to make known dix [dis] ten dixième tenth dix-neuf nineteen la dizaine some ten le doigt [dwa] finger dois see devoir domestique domestic, tame; n. m. & f. servant le domicile dwelling le dominicain Dominican ( order of preaching friars formed by St. Dominic in 1215)
le dommage pity
VOCABULAIRE
don (Span.) Don ( title used only before first name; formerly restricted to men of high rank , but now used more extensively); seigneur —, Mr.
donc ( [doj, in liaison and for emphasis [d5k]) so, then, hence, therefore; please
donner to give, offer, bid; play; make; bear; appoint; — de mon sabre (couteau) drive my sword (knife) ; — sur (dans) open upon dont of which, whose, with (in, on, at, to) which; - — était Pastia of whom Pastia was one doré, -e gilded, golden dorer to gild dormir to sleep Dorothée Dorothea le dos back la dot [dot] dowry
doucement sweetly, gently, gradually, quietly la douleur pain, sorrow; lit de — , sick-bed le douro (Span, duro) silver dollar
le doute doubt; mettre en — , to suspect douter to doubt; se — (de) suspect douteu-x, -se in doubt doux, douce sweet, gentle, mild, soft, agreeable la douzaine dozen
douze twelve, a dozen le dragon dragon, dragoon
le drap cloth le drapeau flag la draperie drapery dresser to raise la drogue drug
droit, -e straight, right, erect; tout — , straight on; n.f. right hand le droit right; à bon — , by good right, with good reason; faire — à to grant (a request) le drôle scoundrel, rascal; — de queer
druidique Druidical, ancient Celtic
dû (past part, of devoir) due
le duc duke
le ducat ducat (old Spanish coin; gold = about % 2.25; silver = about $1.05) dûment properly dur, -e hard, harsh, resistant
la durée duration durer to last
la dureté hardness, harshness Dyrrachium ancient city in Illyria, now Durazzo, Albania
l’eau f. water; — de Cologne cologne; - de-vie
brandy
s’ébahir to be amazed l’ébène/, ebony éblouir to dazzle écarlate scarlet; n.f. scarlet cloth
VOCABULAIRE
écarquiller to open wide écarté, -e out of the way écarter to turn aside, throw back; s’- — -, step aside l’échalas ni. pole, prop l’échange m. exchange échanger to exchange l’échantillon m. sample échapper to escape, fall, let fall, let slip, run away; faire — , arrange the escape; laisser — , emit, not to repress; s’ — , escape ( with à) l’écharpe /. scarf ( worn by mayors on duty )
Ecija town 35 miles south of Cordova éclaircir to clear up éclairer to light, light up clear up
l’éclat m. splinter; brilliancy, burst
éclatant, -e shining, brilliant
éclater to burst, be given vent to
l’école /. school écorcher to skin, flay écouler to run out; s’ — , elapse
écouter to listen (to) écraser to crush, smash l’écrevisse/, crawfish; Redcoat
s’écrier to cry, exclaim écrire to write, write down l’écriture/, handwriting l’écu m. shield; crown ( former coin worth 3 or S francs ) l’écurie/, stable
effacer to efface; s’ — , disappear
effarer to frighten effaroucher to scare effecti-f, -ve in effect, for practical purposes effectuer to accomplish l’effet Cefe] m. effect, impression; en — , in fact, indeed
s’efforcer to try, strive 1’effraction/. breaking in effrayant, -e terrifying effrayer to frighten; s’ — , be frightened l’effroi m. terror effronté, -e shameless, brazen
effroyable horrible également equally, likewise
l’égard m. regard, consideration; à 1’ — - de in regard to
égarer to mislay, lose; s’ — , get lost
l’église/, church; être d’ — -, to go into the Church, be a priest
égorger to cut the throat of l’Égypte /. Egypt; the Gipsies, Gipsy affairs; see note to page 18, line 3 eh : — bien well ! I say !
élancer to throw; s’ — , leap, gush forth, pounce, spring
élargir to widen; s’ — , widen out
élégamment elegantly élégant, -e elegant; n. m.
dandy
VOCABULAIRE
élevé, -e elevated, high élever to raise, erect, bring up; s’ — , rise, lift, come Elizondo village in Basque country, about 30 miles north of Pampeluna elle she, it
éloigné, -e distant, far, absent
éloigner to remove, keep apart; s’ — -, go away, move away, leave, withdraw
Elzévir family of Dutch printers (1583-1680), famous for books of small format in beautiful type
l’émanation /. odor, effluvium
l’embarcation/, boat l’embarquement m. embarcation, shipment embarquer (or s’ — ) to embark, take ship l’embarras m. embarrassment, trouble embarrasser to embarrass, puzzle; make heavy; s’ — , have difficulty embobeliner to wheedle, get around
1’embrassement embrace, kiss
embrasser to embrace, kiss l’embrasure /. embrasure, opening in fort for cannon
l’embuscade /. ambuscade; tendre des — s to set a trap
embusquer to ambush; s’ — , lie in ambush
emmener [àmane] to lead (take) away, carry off, bring back
l’émotion /. feelings, concern
émoucher to drive away the flies
s’emparer (de) to seize, take charge of
empêcher to prevent, keep out; s’ — de avoid, help l’empereur m. emperor l’emphase /. emphasis l’emplacement m. location, site
l’emplette/. purchase emplir to fill l’emploi m. duty; use employer to use, spend empoigner to grasp, get emporter to carry off, bear away, take; 1’ — -, win empreint, -e (past part, of empreindre) imprinted l’empreinte mark, print empressé, -e eager l’empressement m. eagerness; avec — , promptly s’empresser (de) to be eager, hasten, hurry, press (throng) about ému, -e moved en some, any, of it, of him (her, them, one), with (of, by, for, from, to) it, on this account en in, as, like, at, while, by, on (often not needed in English when it precedes a present participle) l’enceinte /. inclosure; mur d’ — , city wall
VOCABULAIRE
l’encens m. incense encenser to offer incense enchanté, -e charmed enchâsser to set l’enclos m. inclosure encombrer to obstruct, block; load
encore still, again, also, yet, besides; longer; — un another; pas (point) — , not yet
encourir to incur, undergo endormi, -e asleep endormir to put to sleep; s’ — , fall asleep l’endroit m. place l’énergie/, force énergique active énergiquement vigowusly l’enfance/. childhood l’enfant m. & /. child ; bon — , good natured l’enfer m. hell
s’enferrer to run upon ( a sword) and be transfixed
enfin at last, finally, after all
enflammé, -e burning enflammer to set on fire enflé, -e swollen enfoncer to sink, drive in, thrust, press on; s’ — , sink down; s’ — dans go far into the interior of enfourcher to straddle, bestride
s’enfuir to run away, flee engager to engage, allure, urge; s’ — , enlist enivrer [ônivRe] to intoxicate
enjamber (par-dessus) to
stride (over)
enjôleu-r, — se wheedling, winning
l’enlèvement m. carrying off
enlever to take away, carry off, remove ennemi, -e hostile; n. m.
&* /. enemy
l’ennui [flnqi] ennui, boredom, tediousness, tiresomeness, vexation, bore ennuyer [finqije] to weary, bore, annoy; s’ — , be bored
énorme enormous; serious enrager to enrage, be mad, be furious enricher to set with enrôler to enroll; admit enroué, -e hoarse l’enseigne/, sign ensemble together ensorceler to bewitch l’ensorcellement m. bewitching
ensuite then, afterwards s’ensuivre to follow entamer to cut into l’entendeur m. hearer, à bon — , salut a word to the wise is sufficient entendre to hear, understand, listen to; s’ — , come to an understanding; bien entendu (que) of course; faire — , utter; se faire — , be heard; make oneself understood enterrer to bury
VOCABULAIRE
entêté, -e obstinate l’enthousiasme m. enthusiasm
entiché, -e devoted enti er, —ère whole, complete
entièrement entirely entonner to strike up, begin to sing entourer to surround entraîner to drag, lead (to); persuade entre between, in, at; d’ — , of, among; — eux, together
entrecoupé, -e unsteady, broken
l’entrée /. entrance, entering
entrelacer to clasp entrer to enter; — dans enter; faire — , get in entretenir to entertain, think over
l’entretien m. conversation l’entrevue/. interview entr’ouvert, -e partly open envelopper to envelop, wrap up, cover envers towards, to l’envie /. desire ; avoir — de to feel inclined to, wish, want
envier to envy environ about environner to surround les environs m. vicinity; suburbs
envoyer to send; hurl épais, -se thick épargner to save; s’ — , escape
l’épaule/, shoulder l’épaulement m. breastwork l’épée/, sword épeler to spell out l’éperon m. spur l’épi m. ear {of grain) épicer to spice l’épingle /. pin l’épinglette /. priming wire {brass pin formerly used for cleaning the touch-hole through which the spark passes to the powder ) l’épinglier m. pin maker l’épithète/, epithet, appellation
l’époque/, epoch l’épouse /. wife épouser to marry épouvantable dreadful épouvanter to terrify l’époux m. husband l’épreuve/, test; à toute — , endless
éprouver to experience, feel épuiser to exhaust, wear out
l’équivoque/, pun erani {Gipsy) lady l’ermitage m. hermitage l’ermite m. hermit errer to wander, wander about
l’erreur/, error, mistake l’escabeau m. stool l’escalier m. stairway l’escarpement m. steep cliff, precipice
escoffier {thieves' slang) to put out of the way l’escopette /. carbine l’escorte /. convoy
VOCABULAIRE
l’espace m. space l’Espagne/. Spain espagnol, -e Spanish; l’Espagnol Spaniard l’espagnolette /. windowfastening
l’espèce/, sort, kind, species l’espérance /. hope espérer to hope l’espingole /. blunderbuss l’espion, -ne m. àr /. spy l’espoir m. hope l’esprit m. mind, wit; spirit; homme d’ — , clever man; se remettre bien dans — de to regain the favor of l’essai m. test essayer to try; s’— avec match oneself with essuyer to wipe ’est m. east
l’estampe /. engraving Estepona town on Mediterranean 25 miles northeast of Gibraltar estimer to esteem l’estrade/. platform estropier to maim; murder (a language ) et and
établir to establish, place, settle, make; s’ — , take position
l’état m. state, condition; en — de able to, fit to; hors d’ — de unable to etc. [etsetera] and so forth Etchalar {Span. Echalar) small mountain town near Elizondo , some two miles from French border
l’été m. summer éteindre to put out; s’ — , go (be put) out éteint, -e faint étendre to stretch, spread out, stretch out; s’—, stretch oneself out, lie down
étendu, -e extensive l’étendue /. extent étemel, -le eternal Étienne Stephen étinceler to sparkle l’étoile/, star; à la belle — , see note to page 12, line
l’étole/. stole
l’étonnement m. astonishment
étonner to astonish; s’ — , be astonished
étouffer to stifle, smother, suffocate, choke étourdir to stun, make dizzy
étrange strange étrang-er, -ère strange, foreign, alien; n. m. & f. stranger, foreigner étrangler to choke être to be, go (in past tense); — à belong to, be busy (at), be connected (with); — de belong to; elle s’en fut à see note to page 51, line 5; quoi qu’il en soit however that may be l’être m. being, man, creature
étreindre to squeeze, clasp l’étrier m. stirrup
VOCABULAIRE
étroit, -e narrow l’étude /. study étudier to study l’étui m. case
l’étymologie /. derivation, etymology
européen, -ne [-je] European
eus see avoir
Eutychès Myron name of person who had statue of Venus of Ille made s’évader to escape; faire —, aid to escape s’évanouir to faint éveillé, -e awake éveiller to awaken, arouse; s’ — , awake
l’événement [-vsn-] m.
event
éventrer to disembowel s’évertuer pour to try to évidemment [-am-] evidently
éviter to avoid exact, — e [egzakt] exact, punctual
exactement exactly l’examen [-ë] m. examination
l’excès m. [skss] excess excessi-f, -ve unusual excommuniquer to excommunicate
exécuter to execute, carry out
l’exemple m. example; par — , indeed, really; for example
exercer to exercise, practise; s’ — , drill; be produced
l’exercice m. exercise; faire 1’ — , to drill exhiber to show
l’exil [egzil] m. exile exister to be in existence, exist
l’expérience /. experience, experiment
expiatoire in atonement for sin
l’explication /. explanation; dispute
expliquer to explain; s’ — , give an explanation
l’exprès m. special messenger
exprès, expresse on purpose
l’expression /. word, expression
exprimer to express exquis, — e exquisite exténuer to wear out exterminer to exterminate extraordinaire extraordinary
1’extravagance /. excess extravagant wild, preposterous
l’extrémité /. end, last resort
la fabrique factory; make; mark
fabriquer to make la face face; en —, opposite, openly; en — (de) opposite, in front (of) facile easy
facilement easily, readily
VOCABULAIRE
la façon fashion, way; de — à so as to; sans — , without ceremony la faction sentry-duty; être en — (de) or faire — , to be on guard le factionnaire sentinel
faible feeble, weak, scanty la faiblesse weakness la faïence earthenware la faim hunger; avoir — , to be hungry
faire to do, make, prepare, form, execute, produce, attend to, get; play; write; be, accustom, have; commit; pay; go; cast; give; tell, ask; engage in; — si bien que succeed in; fait comme un voleur looking like a thief; elle est bien faite she has a good figure; être fait pour be born to; laissemoi — , let me manage; laisser — , let one do a thing, let pass; ne — que only ( with a verb); pour quoi — -, why, for what purpose; que — , what is (was) to be done; se — , be made, become, be, occur
le faisceau stack; remettre en — , to pile
le fait fact, deed; sûr de mon — , certain of what I had suspected; tout à — , quite
fait: si — , yes, I (you, he) did (or it is; used in
contradicting a previous statement) le falbala furbelow
falloir to be necessary, must; femmes comme il faut women of position, ladies; il fallait /oir you should have seen; ou peu s’en faut or very near it; peu s’en fallut que je I almost famé, -e famed; bien (mal) — , of good (bad) repute
fameu-x, -se famous, important, precious ( ironical )
se familiariser to become familiar
famili-er, -ère familiar la famille family la fanfare flourish
fanfaron, -ne boastful; n.
m. braggart le fantôme phantom la farce trick le fardeau burden
farouche wild, stern, ferocious, fierce, forbidding, sullen
fasciné spellbound la fatigue weariness fatiguer to weary le fatras rubbish le faubourg suburb faut pres, of falloir la faute fault, error, transgression
faux, fausse false, wrong favoriser to favor, aid in feindre to feign la félicitation congratulation
VOCABULAIRE
féliciter to congratulate la femme [fam] woman, wife; prendre — , to marry
fendre to split; yeux bien fendus large eyes la fenêtre window féodal, -e feudal le fer iron; — à (de) cheval horseshoe; les quatre — s en l’air on her back la ferme farm ferme firm
fermer to close, shut, inclose; se — , close le fermier farmer
ferré, -e tipped with iron fertiliser to fertilize la ferveur fervor la fête festival, festivities, holiday; se faire une — de to look forward with pleasure to
le feu fire, shot; arme à — , firearm; couleur de — , flaming red ; coup de — , shot; faire — , to fire; lance à — , slow-match; me faire du — , give me a light; mettre le — , set fire; pierre à — , flint la feuille leaf
fi fie ! — donc ! shame on you !
le fiancé betrothed, bridegroom
la fiancée betrothed, bride fiancer to betroth fichu, -e ‘ done for,’ ‘ I’ve got mine ’ le fichu neckerchief
fier to trust; se — à trust
fier [fjer], fière proud; great
fièrement proudly la fierté pride la fièvre fever le figuier fig tree la figure face, figure
figurer to appear; se — , imagine, picture le fil [fil] wire
la file file, line; chef de — ,
leader
le filet network la fille daughter, girl le filleul, la filleule godson, goddaughter, godchild le filou rogue le fils [fis] son
la fin end; à la — , at last; tirer à sa — , to draw to an end
fin, -e fine, delicate, dainty; thin; clever, knowing; fast la finesse cunning, trick finir to finish, end, come to an end fis past def. of faire fixement fixedly fixer to fix, fasten, stare at le flacon bottle flairer to smell flamand, -e Flemish; un — de Rome a Gipsy; le Flamand, la Flamande Fleming
le flambeau torch
flamber to flame, burn flamenca de Roma ( Gipsy) Gipsy
la flamme flame, flash le flanc [flci] flank
VOCABULAIRE
la fleur flower, blossom la fleurette little flower; gallant speech; conter — S to flirt with le fleuve river le flot wave; à — , afloat flotter to float, waver la foi faith; de bonne — , fair-minded, in earnest; ma - — ! faith ! to tell the truth le foin hay
la fois time; à cette — , this time; à la — , at the same time, at once folle see fou foncé, -e dark la fonction duty le fond bottom, end, background, foundation; à — , thoroughly fondre to melt, melt down, cast; — - en larmes burst into tears le fonds funds; être en — , be well off
Fontainebleau see note to page 87, line 21 la force force, might, strength, violence; a great many, much; à — de by dint of, as a result of, of; — lui fut he was obliged la forêt forest le forgeron blacksmith se formaliser to take offense formellement flatly la formule formula
fort, -e strong, heavy, loud, full, big, considerable, large; c’était plus
— que moi, I couldn’t help it; esprit —, freethinker
fort adv. very, very much, much; greatly, closely; si — , with such force fortement strongly, firmly, very, clearly, loudly la fosse [fos] grave
fou, folle mad, crazy; n.
m. madman foudroyant, -e terrible le fouet whip, flogging fouetter to whip up, lash fouiller to search, ransack la foule crowd, throng fouler to trample le four furnace la fourbe fraud fourbir to polish fourré, -e thick, dense fourrer to thrust; se — , hide
le fracas din, uproar fracasser to shatter fraîche see frais frais, fraîche fresh, cool franc [frû], franche frank, free; true; abandoned; perfect
français French; le Français Frenchman francesa (Span.): à la — , in French fashion franchement frankly franchir to cross frapper to strike, knock, hit; — du pied stamp one’s foot
le fraudeur smuggler la frayeur fright le freluquet coxcomb
VOCABULAIRE
fréquemment C-kam-] frequently
le frère brother
fricasser to fricassee ( fry or stew meat in pieces and serve with sauce) le fripier old-clothes dealer le fripon, la friponne rogue, rascal frire to fry frisé, -e curled, curly friser to curl le frisson cold shiver frissonner to shudder frit, -e fried
la friture fried food {fish, fritters, etc.) froid, — e cold, chill froidement coldly le fromage cheese
froncer to wrinkle, knit, contract
le front brow, forehead le frontispice frontispiece frotter to rub fuir to flee la fuite flight, escape la fumée smoke fumer to smoke fumer to fertilize funèbre funereal les funérailles /. funeral la fureur fury, rage
furieu-x, -se furious, halfmad; n. m. madman la fusée rocket le fusil [fyzi] gun; tirer un coup de — , to fire a gun fusilier to shoot futé, -e cunning futur, -e future le futur intended husband
la future intended wife fuyant pres. part, of fuir
gager to wager gagner to gain, win, get, earn, deserve; reach gai, -e gay, merry la gaieté gaiety, mirth
gaillard, -e gay; n. m.
jolly fellow, fellow galant, -e gallant, courteous; n. m. suitor, lover la galanterie gallantry la gale itch
la galère galley; aux — s in prison {convicts were formerly made to row galleys)
la galerie corridor le galon stripe, ribbon le galop gallop galoper to gallop la gamba {Ital.) leg la gambade: faire des — s to cut capers le gant glove
garantir to protect le garçon boy, bachelor, fellow
la garde guard; corps de — , guardhouse; de — , on duty; mettre en — , to put on one’s guard; monter — , mount guard; n’avoir — - de take care not to; prendre — , take care; prendre — à pay attention to; take care of, beware; prendre — de take care not to
VOCABULAIRE
le garde-côte coast guard le garde-manger pantry, closet for food le garde-meuble storeroom garder to guard, keep, take care of; se — de take care not to, dare not gardien, -ne guardian; n.
m. keeper
gare (à) look out (for)!
le garnement scamp
garnir to furnish, fill, provide, trim
gamisonner to garrison la garrote {Span.; French = la garrotte) garrote, strangulation
garrotter to garrote, execute by strangling, bind le gars [ga] young fellow gaspacho see gazpacho gaspiller to waste gâter to spoil, injure gauche left; n. f. left hand la gaucherie awkwardness Gaucin mountain town about 36 miles north of Gibraltar
le gazpacho (Span.) a cold soup, made of water, oil, and vinegar, in which are placed slices of bread, pieces of onion and garlic, and generally tomatoes, cucumbers, and red peppers
le géant giant
Gédéon Gideon; see note to page s, line 22 geler to freeze, be frostbitten
gémir to groan
le gémissement groan la gendarmerie military police
le gendre son-in-law la généalogie family tree, pedigree
gêner to embarrass, be in the way of, make uncomfortable
général, -e general; avocat — , state’s (prosecuting) attorney; capitaine — , general
généreu-x, -se generous, noble, spirited le génie genius, spirit le genou knee; se mettre à — x to kneel
les gens m. ( but an adj. before gens is feminine) people; servants; jeunes — , young men, young people
gentil [ti], -le kind, amiable, charming
le gentilhomme [-tijomj gentleman
le géographe geographer géographique geographical le geôlier jailer
Germanicus Roman general, conqueror of the Teuton leader Arminius (died 19 a.d.) le geste gesture
gesticuler to gesticulate Gianetto (Ital.) Johnny, Jack
la gibeme cartridge-box Gibraltar British fortified port in southern Spain
gigantesque gigantic
VOCABULAIRE
la gitanilla little Gipsy le gitano, la gitana (Span.) Gipsy
le gîte lodging, shelter Giuseppa (Ital.) Josepha la glace ice; de — , icy glaner to glean glisser to slide, slip, glide; fall; se — , slip la gloire glory; s’en faire — , to be proud of glorieu-x, -se glorious goguenard, -e quizzical gonfler to swell la gorge throat, gorge; rear entrance, neck (of redoubt) la gorgée mouthful
gothique Gothic; old English
la gourde canteen le goût taste; style goûter (à) to taste le gouvernail helm, rudder le gouvernement government le gouverneur governor; warden
la grâce grace, favor, pardon, mercy; — à thanks to; faire — à to pardon, let off
gracieu-x, -se gracious, graceful; peu — , disagreeable le grade rank le gradin tier, seat
grand, -e great, tall, large, broad, grown-up; principal, main; grand’chose much; cela ne me fit pas grand’chose that did not worry me much
la grandeur greatness, size grandir to grow gras, -se fat
la gratification present, bonus, tip
gratter to scratch grave serious
graver to engrave, impress gravir to climb la gravure engraving, cut le gré taste, will, pleasure; savoir (bon) — à to be grateful to grec, -que Greek la Grèce Greece
Grenade Granada (city in southern Spain) le grenadier pomegranate tree ; grenadier la grenouille [-uj] frog grièvement severely la griffe claw; porter la — à to reach for la grille grating la grippe whim; prendre en - — , to take a dislike to gris, -e gray; en voir de — es have a bad time la grisette working girl grogner to grumble gros, -se big, thick, great, high, heavy, coarse,
rough, large, deep, loud (voice)
grossi-er, -ère coarse,
crude, uncultivated, rude, low
grossièrement roughly la grotte cave le groupe group
Gruter, Jan (1560-1627) Belgian editor of famous
VOCABULAIRE
collection of Latin inscriptions
Guadalquivir Spanish river emptying into the Atlantic; Cordova and Seville are on its hanks le gué ford la guenille rag
guère scarcely; ne . . . — , scarcely, hardly guérir to cure, recover la guerre war
guerri-er, -ère war, warlike
le guerrier warrior le guet [ge] watch; faire le , to keep watch la guêtre gaiter
guetter to lie in wait for, watch for
le gueux, la gueuse beggar, hussy
guillotiner to guillotine guinder to hoist; se — , climb up
la guinêe guinea (= 21 shillings)
la Guinée Guinea ( country in western Africa) Guipuzcoa province of northern Spain; capital San Sebastian
la guise manner, way; en — de as a
(‘h =aspirate h)
habile clever l’habileté/, skill habiller to dress, put in uniform; s’ — , dress
l’habit m. coat, uniform, clothes; pi. clothes l’habitant m. inhabitant habiter to inhabit, dwell l’habitude/, habit, practice, custom la ‘hache ax
‘hagard, -e haggard, troubled le ‘haillon rag la ‘haine hatred ‘haïr to hate ‘haler to tan, sunburn ‘haletant, -e out of breath ‘haleter to pant le ‘hallier thicket la ‘halte halt, resting-place;
- là hold !
le ‘hameau hamlet la ‘hanche hip le ‘hangar shed le ‘haras [ara] stud ‘harasser to wear out ‘hardi, -e bold la ‘hardiesse boldness ‘hardiment boldly Haroûn-al-Raschid caliph of Bagdad (763-809) le ‘hasard chance, danger;
au — , at random se ‘hasarder à to risk
‘hasardeu-x, -se dangerous
la ‘hâte haste; à la — , in haste
‘hater to hasten; se — , hasten, hurry ‘hausser to shrug ‘haut, -e high, tall, lofty; loud, loudly; avoir . . .
de — , be . . . high; — de ... , ... high; l’arme
VOCABULAIRE
— e, with guns raised; le — , upper part ‘hautement aloud, with vigor
la ‘hauteur height la ‘Havane Havana; de la — , Havana hélas Hélas] alas ‘hennir [anir] to neigh le ‘hennissement neighing l’herbe/, grass ‘hérissé, -e bristling ‘hérisser to bristle hériter to inherit; be the heir of
l’hériti-er, -ère heir, heiress
héroïque heroic le ‘héros hero
hésiter to hesitate l’heure /. hour, time, o’clock; à la bonne — , well and good; de bonne — , early; quelle — , what time; tout à 1’ — , in a little while, in a moment, a while ago heureusement fortunately heureu-x, -se happy, successful, good, propitious, safe
‘heurter to strike l’hidalgo m. hidalgo ( Spanish gentleman of rank) ‘hideu-x, -se hideous hier [j'er] yesterday; d’ — , yesterday ‘hisser to hoist, lift l’histoire /. history, story historique historical ‘hola hello !
l’homme m. man, human
being; galant — , gentleman; bon — , grotesque figure
honnête honest, honorable, respectable, worthy; courteous
honnêtement honestly, respectably
l’honneur m. honor, sense of honor; d’ — ( for parole d’ — ) upon my word !
la ‘honte shame
‘honteu-x, -se ashamed l’hôpital m. (charity) hospital
le ‘hoquet hiccup l’horreur /. horror, terror, dread, dislike
horrible horrible; hideous horriblement frightfully ‘hors (de) out of, outside of, beyond; — d’ellemême beside herself ; — d’ici get out of here !
l’hôte m. host; guest l’hôtelier m. hotel keeper le ‘hourra cheer la ‘huée hoot l’huile /. oil
‘huit eight; — jours a week humain, -e human, kindly humaniser to humanize;
s’ — , become friendly ‘humer to inhale l’humeur /. disposition, humor; de mauvaise — , in a bad humor humide damp ‘hurler to howl hybride hybrid, made of elements from different languages
VOCABULAIRE
l’hysope m. hyssop
ici here; d’ — , here l’idée /. idea; se faire une — , to form an idea l’idiome ni. language l’idole m. idol Iéna Jena ( battlefield where Napoleon conquered the Prussians in 1806) ignorer to be ignorant of, not to know l’ile/. island
Ille [il] (-sur-Têt) small town on river Tét, dept, of Pyrénées-Orientales, between Perpignan and Prades
illois of Ille; n. m. man of Ille
illustre celebrated imaginer to conceive the idea; s’ — , suppose imiter to imitate immobile motionless, stock-still immobilité calm impassible unmoved imperceptible very slight impérieu-x, -se pressing, peremptory
impitoyablement pitilessly implorer to beg for important, -e important;
1’ — , important thing importer to be important; n’importe no matter; peu importe it matters little; qu’importe ? what does it matter ?
importun, -e disagreeable, tiresome
l’imposteur m. cheat l’impression /. printing, publication
imprimer to give; impress impromptu extempore, unprepared ( originally an adverb; sometimes treated as indeclinable) inarticulé, -e inarticulate, meaningless
inattendu, — e unexpected l’incendie m. fire, conflagration
l’incertitude/, uncertainty l’inclination/, see tête incliner to incline, bend; s’ — , bow
l’incognito [-opi-] m. incognito; desire to remain unknown
incommode inconvenient
inconnu, -e unknown,
strange; n. m. &“ /.
stranger
incrédule incredulous l’incrédulité /.: d’ — , incredulous
incroyable unbelievable incruster to inlay l’Inde India; les Indes /.
Indies, India l’indice m. evidence indigne unworthy indigné, -e indignant indigner to exasperate; s’ — , become angry l’indignité /. unworthiness, wickedness
indiquer to indicate, in-
VOCABULAIRE
form concerning, point out; tell of
indiscr-et, -ète indiscreet; see note to page 17, line 11 l’indiscrétion/, intrusion l’individu m. individual inégal, — e unequal, irregular
infâme infamous infatigable indefatigable infecte ill-smelling inférieur, -e lower infidèle unfaithful; 1’ — , unfaithful person infini, -e endless infiniment infinitely l’infinité/, infinite number l’in-folio £e] m. folio volume infortuné, -e unfortunate l’infraction /. violation ingénieu-x, -se clever inhospitali-er, -ère inhospitable
inintelligible unintelligible injecter to inject; s’ — , become full
l’injonction /. injunction l’injure /. insult inoffensi-f, -ve harmless inqui-et, -ète anxious, uneasy
inquiéter to disturb; s’ — , be uneasy, fret, trouble (de about)
l’inquiétude /. concern, uneasiness, restlessness, anxiety
insensé, -e mad insensible indifferent insensiblement gradually l’insigne m. badge; pi. insignia
insigne notorious insister to insist; push one’s questions further l’insouciance /. unconcern, indifference
l’inspecteur m. inspector inspirer to arouse installer to seat l’instant m. instant, moment, time; à 1’ — , just, immediately
l’instinct [-stêj m. instinct, impulse
instruire to inform instruit, -e learned l’instrument m. instrument, means
insurger to rouse; s’ — , revolt
intéressant, -e interesting intéresser to interest; s’ — à take an interest in l’intérêt m. interest intérieur, -e inner, inside;
n. m. interior, inside intérieurement inwardly, mentally
interroger to question, ask interrompre to interrupt; s’ — , stop
l’intervalle m. interval intime intimate intimement intimately,
closely
intimidé, -e in terror intrépide dauntless, fearless
introduire to introduce, show in; — auprès de . . . take to ... ’s room; s’ — , enter
l’intrus, -e m. & f. intruder
VOCABULAIRE
inutile useless, needless, in vain
l’invité, -e m. & f. guest inviter to invite involontaire involuntary invoquer to call upon, invoke
l’ironie/, irony ironique ironical irriter to irritate, anger Isabelle Ire, la Catholique
(1451-1504) Isabella of Castile, queen of Spain, wife of Ferdinand of Aragon
isolé, -e lonely isoler to isolate l’ivoire ni. ivory ivre drunk
l’ivresse/. intoxication l’ivrogne m. drunkard
le jabot shirt-front
jaillir to gush forth, spurt le jais jet
la jalousie Venetian blind jalou-x, -se jealous; faire le • — , to be jealous jamais never, ever; ne . . .
— , never
la jambe leg; à toutes — s at full speed le jambon ham le jaque (Span.) bully, ruffian le jardin garden le jardinier, la jardinière gardener la jarre jar la jarretière garter la jatte bowl
jaune yellow; rire le moins
— que ... to laugh as heartily as . . .
Jean John
Jerez city in Andalusia, south of Seville; sherry wine derives its name therefrom
Jésus [-zy] Jesus; heavens !
jeter to throw, throw dowD (away); se — , rush, cast oneself, leap le jeu game; laisser franc — , to give free play jeune young, recent la jeunesse youth la joie joy, pleasure, jollity joindre to join, reach; se — , meet
joli, -e pretty, handsome, fine
le jonc [50] rush
José (Span.) Joseph José Maria Spanish bandit (nineteenth century; the name of the Virgin Mary or that of her mother St. Anne may be used as a man’s name in Catholic countries )
Joseito (Span.) Joe la joue cheek; coucher (mettre) en — , to aim
(at)
jouer (de) to play, work;
— du stylet (couteau) use the stiletto (knife); faire —, work
le joueur player
jouir (de) to enjoy le jour day, daylight, light:
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amoureux de deux — s
lovers on a honeymoon; au — , at dawn; au grand — , at sunrise; le — , (in) the daytime; par — , a day; tous les — s every day
la journée day; de la — , today
joyeu-x, -se merry Juan(Sÿa«.) John; Juanito Jack le juge judge
le jugement judgment, trial juger to judge, consider, conclude juif, juive Jewish le Juif, la Juive Jew, Jewess la jument mare la jupe skirt le jupon skirt le jurement oath
jurer to swear, swear to do jusque as far as, up to, to, until; jusqu’à up to, as far as, to, until, even; jusqu’où to what point ?
jusqu’à ce que until le justaucorps jerkin
juste just, right; n. m.
righteous man
la justice justice, law, the officers of the law, court le justicier just, executor of justice
justifier to justify, clear
là there, here ( often added to other words)
le laboureur ploughman
le lac lake
lâcher to loosen, release, let go, turn loose, discharge
laguna ene bihotsarena ( Basque ) = camarade de mon cœur laid, -e ugly la laine wool
laisser to let, leave, let go; — là let alone; elle ne laissa pas de it did not fail to le lait milk la laitière milch (cow) le laiton brass
Lalorô ( Gipsy : ‘ the red
land ’ ; lalo = 1 red ’) Portugal
lambrisser to panel la lame blade
lamentable piteous lampe lamp
lancer to throw, hurl, drive, let go, give; se — , dare, fly
le lancier lancer, horseman bearing lance le langage language la langue tongue, language; avoir une — , to have a sharp tongue languir to languish le laquais lackey
large broad, large, wide; au — ! halt !
la largeur width la larme tear
las [la], -se weary, tired la latinité Latinity, Latin style
laver to wash
VOCABULAIRE
lécher to lick la leçon lesson le lecteur reader la lecture reading
lég-er, -ère light, slight légèrement lightly, slightly la légèreté lightness, swiftness
légitime legitimate léguer to leave le lendemain the next day lent, -e slow lentement slowly lequel, laquelle (lesquels, lesquelles) who, whom, that, which
leste nimble, quick; improper, coarse lestement lightly, quickly la lettre letter
levé, -e raised; up lever to raise; se — , rise, stand up; break le lever rising la lèvre lip
la liberté liberty, freedom; rendre la — , to set free, turn loose
libre free; laisser place — , to make way for le licol halter
lier to bind, tie up; se — , become intimate with le lieu place, spot; avoir —, to take place, have occasion; au — de instead of
la lieue league (in France = 4 kilometers or 2\ miles )
le lièvre hare
la ligne line; sur une — , in line
lillipendi (Gipsy lilipendi) = imbécile (s) la lime file limer to file le linge linen la liqueur cordial; liquor lire to read, read about lisible legible le lit bed la litanie litany la litière litter
livide livid, black and blue le livre book
livrer to deliver (see note to page 13, line 6), hand over, wage, reveal (a secret); se — -à engage in, abandon oneself to
le logis house, dwelling; maréchal des — , sergeant (cavalry or artillery ) la loi law; rule; prendre la — d’Egypte to become a Gipsy; les — s the law; se faire une - — , make a rule
loin far; de — , afar; — de moi ! get away from me !
le loisir leisure, opportunity; avoir tout le — de to have a good opportunity to
Londres London long, -ue long; le — , length; en savoir plus — , to know more about it; le — de along; tout de son — , at full length Longa, Francisco (died after 1831) Spanish gue-
VOCABULAIRE
rilla leader in Napoleonic wars, later a general longer to go beside longtemps a long time, long, for a long time; depuis — , long since longue/, o/long longuement for a long time, at length la longueur length lorgner to look at tors then; depuis (dès) — , since then lorsque when
la louange praise; à sa — , to his credit louche suspicious louer to praise louer to hire, rent Louis-Philippe (1773- 1850) king of the French (1830-1848) le loup wolf
lourd, -e heavy Lucas Luke la lueur light
lugubre mournful luire to shine luisant, -e shining la lumière light
lumineu-x, -se luminous luncheon {Eng.) luncheon la lune moon le luron fearless fellow
lustré, -e lustrous, shining luthérien, -ne Lutheran la lutte struggle, wrestling, conflict
lutter to struggle le luxe luxury le lynx [leks(] lynx le lys [lisj lily
M. abbreviation for Monsieur
machinalement mechanically
madame {pi. mesdames) Mrs., Madam, the lady mademoiselle Miss, the young lady
la Madone Madonna; parée comme une — , dressed like a queen
le magicien magician, sorcerer
la magicienne sorceress la magie magic
magique adj. magic le magistrat magistrate la magistrature magistracy magnifique magnificent; title of certain Corsican gentry maigre thin
la main hand; battre des — s to clap one’s hands; en venir aux — s come to blows; frapper dans la — , shake hands; sous la — , at hand maint, — e many, many a maintenant now maintenir to maintain, keep; se — , remain le maintien maintenance, demeanor
le maire mayor la mairie town hall mais but
la maison house, household le maître master la maîtresse mistress
VOCABULAIRE
maîtriser to master, control la Majari ( Gipsy : Majarï ) saint, virgin la majesté majesty
majestueu-x, -se majestic
le major chief surgeon
mal badly, ill, wrong(ly), poorly, uncomfortable, imperfectly; sore; n. m.
evil, harm, pain, trouble malade ill, sick; n. m. sick man, patient la maladie disease
Malaga celebrated seaport northeast of Gibraltar malédiction ! damnation !
malgré despite, in spite of; — que j’en aie in spite of myself
le malheur misfortune, bad luck, accident malheureusement unfortunately
malheureu-x, -se unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky; n. m. wretch malhonnête unbecoming la malice mischievousness, trick, malice
malignement maliciously malin, maligne clever, sly; faire le — , to try to be clever
la malle trunk
malmener to ill-treat maltraiter to ill-treat manana sera otro dia {Span.) see note to page 38, line 9 la manche sleeve le manche handle
la mandoline mandolin
manger to eat; avoir (donner, porter) à — , have (give, carry) something to eat; salle à — , dining room
manier to handle, brandish
la manière manner, kind, fashion, way; pi. manners; de — à so as to; de — que in such a way that; il changea de — s his manner changed la manoeuvre handling, treatment
manquer to be missing, lack, miss, come near; je n’y manquerai pas I shall not fail to do it la mante cloak le manteau cloak la mantille [-tij(] mantilla {long, black veil covering head and shoulders of Spanish women ) la manufacture factory le manuscrit manuscript Manzanilla village producing famous white wines, some 35 miles west of Seville
le maquignon horse-dealer le maquila {Basque makila, from Lat. bacillum) irontipped club
le maquis {commoner spelling maquis; Ital. macchia) Corsican jungle or brush {covered with shrubs and underbrush ) le maraud scoundrel
VOCABULAIRE
Marbella small seaport in southern Spain, between Gibraltar and Malaga le marc [maR] grounds le marchand, la marchande merchant, seller, dealer marchander to haggle la marchandise goods, stock la marche march, walking, step, motion, progress le marché market, marketplace, bargaining; à bon — , cheaply; avoir bon — de to make short work of; par dessus le — , in the bargain le marchepied step
marcher to walk, march, go on
la mare pond le marécage marsh
marécageu-x, -se marshy le maréchal marshal; sergeant
le mari husband le mariage marriage
Marie Padilla {died 1361) favorite of King Pedro the Cruel la mariée bride
marier to marry off, marry;
se — , get married marin, -e marine; n. m.
sailor
le maroquin Morocco leather la marque mark, token marquer to mark, incise le marquis marquis la marraine godmother
martial, -e {pi. martiaux) warlike
la masse mass; en — , alto-
gether; tout d'une — , all at once
le matelas [-la] mattress le matelot sailor
Mateo Falcone {correct Italian form is Matteo) Matthew Falcon la matière matter; en — de as regards; entrer en — , to broach the subject
le matin morning; le — , (in) the morning, next morning matin adv. early maudire to curse maudit, -e accursed le Maure Moor
mauresque Moorish; le or la Mauresque Moor mauvais, -e bad, unfortunate, severe, wretched, evil, unfitting, undesirable, poor, inferior le mécanisme mechanism la méchanceté wickedness; mean trick
méchant, -e wicked, meanf ill-tempered, malicious, wretched la mèche wick le mécréant unbeliever la médaille medal, locket le médecin physician la médecine medicine
médicamenter to give medicine
la méfiance distrust se méfier (de) to distrust, suspect
meilleur, -e better; le — , best
VOCABULAIRE
mélancolique melancholy mêler to mingle, mix, confuse; se — de meddle with, attend to mélodieu-x, -se melodious le membre member, limb même adj. same, very; pron. self; adv. even; il en est de — , the situation is the same; tout de ■ — , all the same, nevertheless la mémoire memory le mémoire study, article la menace threat menacer to threaten le ménage household, housekeeping; faire bon — , to live happily together ménager to save, treat considerately la ménagère housewife
mener to lead, take (along), accompany le mensonge lie
mentalement mentally, to oneself mentir to lie le menton chin
se méprendre to be mistaken le mépris contempt la mer sea la mercerie notions la merci mercy, thanks la mère mother le mérite merit
mériter to merit, deserve la merluche dried cod la merveille wonder; à — , splendidly
merveilleusement wonderfully
merveilleu-x, -se wonderful
la messe mass
les messieurs pi. of monsieur la mesure measure, arrangement; à — que in proportion as, as, while; chargé outre —, overloaded; en — de in a position to; par — de as a
la métaphore metaphor, figure of speech
le métier business, profession, calling
mettre to put, place, turn, lay, set, take; — pied à terre dismount; se — , take position; se — à begin, apply oneself; se — dans go to; se — en chemin (marche, route) set out, proceed; se — toutes contre unite against
le meuble furniture meubler to furnish le meurtre murder meurtri, -e bruised le meurtrier murderer la meurtrissure bruise le micocoulier nettle tree le midi noon, south mien, -ne mine la miette crumb
mieux better, more; aimer — , to prefer; de son — , as best he can; tant — , so much the better mignon, -ne dainty, pleasing
la miliasse corn-cake
VOCABULAIRE 245
le milieu middle, midst; au - — , among, in; au — de in the midst (center) of, among
militaire military; n. m.
soldier
mille a thousand le mille mile le milord lord
Milton, John (1608-1674) English poet, author of Paradise Lost
Mina, Francisco Espoz y Mina (1781-1836) Spanish guerilla leader against Napoleon, who ended by serving as general against the Carlists mince thin
minchorrô {Gipsy) = amant, caprice la mine mien; faire mauvaise • — , to be displeased; faire piteuse — , cut a sorry figure le minois face
les minons {Span.) m. provincial military police le minotaure Minotaur {mythical monster, half man and half bull, living on human flesh) le minuit midnight le miquelet Spanish soldier le miroir mirror le misérable wretched man la misère misery, hardship la mitraille grapeshot la mode fashion le modèle model modeste modest la modestie modesty
moindre less; le — , least, the slightest le moineau sparrow
moins less, less of; au — , at least; de — , less; du — , at least; — de less, fewer; tout au — , at the very least le mois month la moitié half; à — , half mol, molle see mou le moment moment, time la momie mummy le monarque monarch
Monda small town some 30 miles southwest of Malaga; not the site of Munda
le monde world, people; le Nouveau Monde the New World; revenir au - — , to come back to life; sortir de ce —, quit this life; tout le — , everybody
la monnaie change, money le monsieur [masjdJ {pi.
messieurs) sir, (this) gentleman, the master; abbreviated M., Mr.
le monstre monster
monstrueu-x, -se monstrous
le mont mount, mountain le montagnard mountaineer la montagne mountain (s) monter to mount, come (go) upstairs, go up, come up, get in Montilla town 20 miles southeast of Cordova, near Aguilar de la F r outer a
VOCABULAIRE
la montre watch
montrer to show, point out; se — , be, appear la monture mount, horse le monument monument, remains
moquer to mock; se — de make fun of, ridicule, snap one’s fingers at, play a trick upon la moralité morality, honesty le morceau bit, piece, work; mettre en — x cut to pieces
mordre to bite mome gloomy la morsure bite
mort, -e dead; dying; spent; balle — e spent ball; raide - — , stone dead; n. m. dead man la mort death; à la vie à la — , for life or death; une guerre à — , a war to the death
mortel, -le mortal mortifier to mortify le mot word, retort le motif motive, reason mou, molle soft la mouche fly le mouchoir handkerchief le mouflon moufflon {large wild mountain sheep) mouiller to wet mouler to model mourir to die
la mourre game in which one player shows quickly a hand with some fingers raised , of which the other tries to guess the number
la mousqueterie musketry la mousse moss la moustache mustache le mouton sheep; lamb le mouvement movement, motion, action, impulse; sans — , motionless moyen, -ne average, moderate, middle
le moyen means, way, possibility; au — de by means of, by moyennant for muet, -te silent la mule mule {female) le mulet mule {male) le muletier muleteer
Munda [m5da] (Baetica) Roman colony in southern Spain; scene of Cœsar’s victory over Pompey’s sons (45 b.c.); probably near Aguilar de la Frontera, some miles southwest of M outilla and 26 miles southeast of Cordova munir to provide (with) la munition ammunition le mur wall
mûr, -e mature, ripe la muraille wall le murmure muttering le musée museum la musique music, band musulman, -e Musulman, Mohammedan mutuellement mutually Myron Greek sculptor {$lh century b.c.); see page 159, introductory note to ta Vénus d’llle
VOCABULAIRE
le mystère mystery
mysterieu-x, -se mysterious
le nain dwarf la naissance birth naître to be born la narine nostril la nation race, people
national, — e native, national
la natte mat; braid; shallow basket
naturel, -le natural; ». m.
disposition, nature, naturalness
naturellement naturally navarrais, -e of Navarre;
le Navarrais Navarrese Navarre Navarre ( province in northern Spain, capital Pampeluna )
navarrois older form of navarrais, see above le navire ship né, -e born nécessaire necessary la négligence negligence; avec — , carelessly négliger to neglect, fail, slight
le négociant merchant le nègre negro
le négro {Span., lit. ‘ black ’) liberal, anti-Carlist la neige snow
nerveu-x, -se nervous; sinewy
net [net], nette neat, clear; clean
nettement clearly neuf nine
la neveria {Span.) ice-cream parlor
le neveu nephew le nez [ne] nose; le — sur busily working at; mener par le bout du — , to lead about by the nose; mettre . . . devant son ■ — , cover her face with ... ; sous le — , squarely in the face; sur le — , on his face
niais, -e silly, foolish; ».
m. simpleton
Nicolas (saint) Saint Nicholas, Santa Claus {the bringer of gifts) nier to deny
noblement in gentlemanly fashion
la noblesse nobility la noce wedding; faire la — , to celebrate the marriage
le nœud knot, bow
noir, -e black, dark; faire — , to be dark le noir negro
noirâtre blackish noirci, -e blackened noircir to blacken le nom name le nomade nomad le nombre number, portion; le plus grand — , the larger part
nombreu-x, -se numerous nommer to name, give the name of, call; se — , be called
VOCABULAIRE
non no, not; — baptisé unbaptized
nonchalamment carelessly nonobstant notwithstanding
le nord [non] north le nord-ouest [noRdwsst] northwest
nos see notre
la note note; changer de — , to change one’s tune noter to note; mal noté having a bad record notre {pl. nos) our; Notre- Dame Our Lady le nougat nougat ( confection of sugar, nuts, etc.) nourrir to rear la nourriture food, keep nouveau (nouvel before vowels) nouvelle new, other; de — , again la nouvelle news, piece of news; les — s news nouvellement freshly noyer to drown nu, -e naked, nude, bare le nuage cloud
nuire to injure, do harm {with à)
la nuit night; cette — , last night, in the night; la - — , at night, that night, in the dark
nul, -le no, not a, no one
nullement by no means, at all
le numéro number {abbreviated n°)
la nuque nape of the neck
obéir to obey {with à) l’objet m. object, article obligeant, -e kind obliger to oblige, make l’obscurité [op-]/, darkness observer [op-] to observe, watch, remark obstiné, -e [op-] obstinate obtenir [op-] to secure l’obus [oby] m. shell l’occasion /. opportunity occulte occult, mystic l’occupation /. business, work
occuper to occupy, employ; s’ — , keep oneself busy, be busy
l’odeur /. odor; bonne — , perfume
odieu-x, -se hateful l’œil {pl. yeux) m. zyt, look;
coup d’ — , glance l’œuf [œf] m. egg; jaune d’ — , yolk of egg l’œuvre /. work; chef d’ — , masterpiece
offenser to offend, wrong, insult
l’officier m. officer l’offrande/, offering l’offre/, offer offrir to offer, afford offusquer to offend l’ognon m. onion {usually written oignon) oh ! oh ! l’oiseau m. bird oisi-f, -ve idle; 1’ — , idler oligarchique oligarchical
VOCABULAIRE
olivâtre olive-colored l’olivier m. olive tree l’ombrage m. shade, foliage ombrager to shade l’ombre /. shade; mettre à 1’ — , to put out of the way
l’once /. ounce, ounce of gold (worth about $ 17.00) l’oncle m. uncle l’ongle m. nail onze eleven
opérer to work, go about one’s work opiniâtre persistent opposé, -e opposite opposer to oppose; s’ — à oppose, object to l’or m. gold or now, but l’orage m. storm orageu-x, -se stormy l’oranger m. orange tree l’orateur m. orator ordinaire ordinary, usual; d’ — , à 1’ — , usually; selon d’ — , as usual ordinairement ordinarily ordonner to order l’ordre m. order; à ses — s at his command l’oreille /. ear; à 1* — de in a low tone to; dire à 1’ — à to say in a low tone to, whisper to; dormir sur les deux — s sleep soundly; se faire tirer les — s be reluctant l’oreiller m. pillow Orellius, Johann Caspar von Orelli (1787-1849) Swiss editor of an im-
portant collection of Latin inscriptions
l’orgeat m. orgeat, cooling drink ( used by Mérimée for Span, horchata, a kind of ice)
originaire native; — de from
originairement originally l’origine /. origin orné, — e ornate omer to ornament, adorn l’os QjsJ, les os [o] m. bone; faire de vieux — , to reach old age
osciller to oscillate, dangle oser to dare osseu-x, -se bony Osuna town about 45 miles southwest of Cordova; abode since 1562 of the dukes of Osuna and formerly (1549-1824) seat of a university; see note to page 3, line 7 ôter to remove, take off ou or; ■ — ... — (bien), either ... or
où where, in which, when; a place where; au moment — , at the moment when; d’ — , whence,
from where, from which; par — , which way, by which, by the way l’oubli m. oblivion oublier to forget
oui yes; - dà indeed
l’ourlet m. hem outrager to insult l’outrance/, extreme; à — , flatly
VOCABULAIRE
l’outre /. leather bottle outre beyond, besides; en • — , besides ouvert, -e open l’ouvrage m. work ouvragé, -e finished l’ouvrier m. workman l’ouvrière/, working woman ouvrir to open, open the door; begin; s’ — , open
paf ! paf ! whiz ! bang !
le païen [paje] pagan la paille straw la paillette spangle le pain bread, loaf of bread, roll; petit — , roll la paire pair
paître to pasture la paix peace; faire la — , to make peace le palais palace pâle pale pâlir to turn pale la palissade stockade la palombe wood pigeon Pampelune Pampeluna (i capital of Navarre) los panaderos {Span.) m. bakers
le panier basket
panser to dress {wounds) le pantalon trousers la panthère panther la pantoufle slipper le paon [pa] peacock le pape pope
le papelito {Span.) cigarette le papier paper le paquet package, bundle
par by, through, about, by way of, because of, in, with, on; de — , by, in the name of le paradis paradise
paraître to appear; seem le parapet parapet; low wall bordering quay le parapluie umbrella le paravent (large) screen parbleu gad !
parce que because le parchemin parchment parcourir to wander through, traverse par-dessus over, on top of, above
le pardon pardon; demander — , to ask to be excused pardonner to forgive pareil, -le such, such a, equal; sans — , without a peer
le parent, la parente relative; parent
la parenté relationship
parer to adorn, dress up; parry
parfait, -e perfect parfaitement perfectly, completely, entirely parfois sometimes le parfum [-ce] perfume parfumer to perfume parier to wager, bet parisien, -ne Parisian; le Parisien Parisian parler to speak, tell, talk, talk of
le parler speech parmi among
fa parole word, speech; a-
VOCABULAIRE
dresser la — à to speak to; manquer de — ,
break one’s word parsemer to strew, sprinkle, intersperse, dot
la part part, side, share, choice; à — , aside; à — moi within myself ; d’autre — , on the other hand; de la — de from; on behalf of; de — en — , through and through; de sa — , on his (her) part; quelque — , somewhere
le partage sharing
partager to share, divide partant accordingly le parti party, decision, match, side; de — pris intentionally; prendre le (son) - — , to make up one’s (his) mind, make a decision; prendre un - — , come to a decision particuli-er, -ère particular, special; en — , in private
le particulier citizen le partido (Span.) district la partie part, portion, match, game, party; faire la — de to play with partir to depart, leave, go, set out; go off, burst out, be fired; come (from)
partout everywhere la parure adornment
parvenir to reach, succeed, arrive; — à reach
le pas step, pace, sill; à deux - — , close by; au — de course at the doublequick
pas: ne — , not; non — , not at all
passablement passably, rather, somewhat le passage passageway, way through
le passant passer-by passé, -e past, last le passeport passport
passer to pass, pass over, cross, spend; pass by (through), go, be beyond; place upon; — pour be taken for, be considered; se — , pass, happen, go on, be spent, elapse, take place; se — de do without la passion passion; à la — , passionately
passionner to stir to passion; se — pour take a great interest in à pastesas (Gipsy) = avec adresse ; see note to page 45, line 29 patatras ! bang !
la pâte paste, dough le pater [-er] paternoster, Lord’s Prayer pathétique touching patiemment [pasjam-] patiently
la patine patina (incrustation on old bronze) le patio [pat-] (Span.) courtyard
le patois dialect
VOCABULAIRE
patriarcal, -e patriarchal,
conservative
la patrie fatherland, home le patron patron, master {of a ship)
la patronne patroness la patte paw, foot le pâturage ranch, cattlebreeding establishment la paume palm; jeu de — , pelota; pelota court; jouer à la —, see note to page 25, line 14; joueur de — , pelota player
la paupière eyelid; eyelash pauvre poor pauvrement poorly le pavé pavement
payer to pay, pay for, repay; treat to
le payllo {Gipsy) non- Gipsy le pays [peji] country, place; au (du) — , in (from) our country
le pays fellow-countryman le paysan, la paysanne peasant
les Pays-Bas m. Low Countries
la payse fellow-countrywoman
la peau skin, leather; amandes sans leur — ,
blanched almonds pécaïre ! see note to page 97, line 12
la peccadille [-dij] peccadillo, small offence la pêche fishing, kind of fishing
Pedro (Pèdre) le Cruel
(1333-1369) king of Castile (1350-1369), ferocious despot, murdered by his brother Henry; see Mérimée’ s “ Histoire de don Pèdre ” le peigne comb
peindre to paint; se — , be depicted
la peine difficulty, trouble, pain, penalty; à — , scarcely; ce n’est pas la — , it is not worth while; fort en — , much disturbed peiner to pain peint, -e painted peler to peel, lay ba»e le peloton ball of worsted; platoon
la pelouse lawn, bit of (green)sward penaud, -e sheepish penché, -e bowed pencher to bend, lean; se — , lean over
pendant during, for; — que while
le pendement hanging; see note to page 23, line 28 pendre to hang; se — à hang on to
pendu, -e hung, hanging pénétrer to penetrate, enter, fathom, go in pénible difficult, painful péniblement painfully la pensée thought, thinking penser to think; on pense bien (aisément) que you can readily imagine that pensi-f, -ve thoughtful
VOCABULAIRE
la pente slope
Pepa ( Corsican diminutive form of Giuseppa) Josie percer to pierce, run through, penetrate; percé de deux coups de feu with two bullets in his body
perché, — e placed, perched perclus, -e paralyzed perdre to lose, ruin; se — , disappear perdu, -e lost le père father le peril [peidl] danger périr to perish, die permettre to permit la permission permit
perpendiculairement at right angles se perpétuer to persist
Perpignan capital of Roussillon
le personnage person of importance
la personne person, body, self; le — , any one, no one; ne . . . - — , no one personnel, -le personal persuadé, -e convinced la perte loss le pesant weight
peser to weigh; pesait tout entière bore down with its whole weight la pétale petal
petit, -e small, little; ses — s her young le petit-maître dandy pétrifier to turn to stone peu little, not very, a little, few; avant — ,
before long; dans — , shortly; depuis — (d’années) a short time (a few years) ago, recently; — à — , little by little; quelque — , a little, slightly (related); un — sorcière something of a witch
le peuple people, common people
la peur fear; avoir — , to be afraid; faire — (à)
frighten; mourir de — , be in mortal terror peut-être perhaps Peyrehorade small town in department of Landes, near Bayonne
la phalange phalanx; bone of finger
phénicien, -ne Phœnician le philtre love-potion la phrase sentence la physionomie face, appearance
physique physical piaffer to prance la piastre piaster {Span., about $i)
le pic pick, peak; à — , vertical, very steep le picador {Span.) picador {horseman with lance in bullfight)
la pièce piece; room; document; coin; la — , apiece; la bonne — , the good soul; mettre en — s to break, tear to pieces; tout d’une — , with his entire form
VOCABULAIRE
la piécette peseta ( Spanish coin, face value 19.3 cents)
le pied foot, leg; à — , on foot; de la tête aux — s from head to foot; haut d’un — , a foot high; sauter en — s leap to one’s feet; se lever en — , stand up; sur la pointe du — , on tiptoe le piédestal pedestal pien for bien Piero ( liai .) Peter la pierre stone; — à feu flint
le pieu post; raide comme
un — -, like a log la pieve (liai.) parish, district
pif ! crack !
piller to pillage le piment red pepper, Cayenne pepper
le pin pine; pomme de — , pine cone la pincée pinch le pinson finch; gai comme un — , gay as a lark la pioche pickax piocher to dig piquant, -e piercing, biting, sharp, stinging, keen le pique spades (at cards) piqué, -e nettled piquer to prick le piquet tent peg; raide comme un — , stiff as a poker
pire worse; le — , the worst pis worse; tant — , so much the worse
Pise Pisa (city about 100 miles southeast of Genoa) le pistolet pistol piteu-x, -se pitiful la pitié pity, compassion pittoresque picturesque la place place, room; bullring; market; en — , in place, instead placer to put; se — , take a stand
le plafond ceiling la plaie wound
plaindre to pity, grudge; se — (de) complain (of), lament la plaine plain
plaire to please (with à) ; se — , be pleased; elle me plait I like her; plût à Dieu would to God la plaisanterie jest, trick le plaisir pleasure; se faire — , to be delighted la planche plank, board; immobile comme une — , stock-still le plancher floor la plante plant; Jardin des Plantes famous botanical and zoological garden in Paris
planter to plant; arrive qui plante what is to be will be (literally,
1 whoever plants, let whatsoever is to be, come up ’) le plat dish
plat, -e flat; insignificant-; le — , the flat (part) le plateau waiter, tray
VOCABULAIRE
le platine platinum le plâtre plaster
plébéien, -ne plebeian plein, -e full, open, broad; en — , fully
pleurer to weep, mourn;
— à chaudes larmes weep bitterly
pleuvoir to rain le pli fold; ridge plisser to pleat le plomb lead, bullet; weights; (see note to page 67, line 6); brûlé par un soleil de • — , consumed by the sun beating down upon us plonger to plunge, immerse, dip
ployer to fold, bend; — en deux crouch la pluie rain la plume feather, pen la plupart most, most part; la — des most plus more, no more; de — , besides, more; de - — en — , more and more; ne . . . — , no longer; non — , either;
— de ... ! no more . . . !
tout au — , at most; — . . . (et) — , the more . . .
the more
plusieurs several plut, plût see plaire plutôt rather la poche pocket, pouch le poêle Qjwal] stove le poète poet poétique poetic le poids weight
le poignard dagger poignarder to stab la poignée handful, hilt le poing fist, hand; au — , in hand
le point point, place; au dernier — , to the last degree; au — • où nous en étions in our situation; rendre des — s to give a handicap point not at all; ne . . .
- — , not at all, not by any means; — de no la pointe point, tip pointu, -e pointed la poire pear; horn le poisson fish
la poitrine breast, chest; inflammation de —, pneumonia
la police police, (maintenance of) law and order; bonnet de — , forage cap; salle de — , guardhouse
poliment politely polisson, -ne mischievous; n. m. ragamuffin la politesse politeness, courtesy
la pomme apple le pommier apple tree la pompe pomp, splendor Pompée see note to page 3, line 26
pomponner to bedizen le pont bridge, deck populaire popular le port harbor, wharf; tonnage
la porte door, gate
VOCABULAIRE
la portée reach, range, shot; à — , within range; à — d’un fusil within gunshot le portefeuille pocketbook porter to carry, bear, wear, bring, put; command; be burdened with; make; se — , be; y — la griffe reach for it le porteur bearer le portier janitor le portique portico
Porto-Vecchio [vskkjo] (= ‘ Old Port’) town on gulf of Porto-Vecchio in southeastern Corsica le portrait picture; tirer en - — , to draw
poser to place, put, rest, set down
positivement clearly,
surely
posséder to possess, take possession of, have; se — , control oneself le possesseur owner
possible: le plus tôt
(moins) — , as soon (little) as possible la poste post; de — , postilion’s
le poste (military) post, position, place poster to station le postilion postilion la posture position la potence gallows le pouce thumb, inch; mouvement du — , turn of the wrist la poudre powder poudrer to powder
poudreu-x, -se dusty la poule hen; chair de — ,
gooseflesh
le poulet chicken; avoir un cœur de — , to be chicken-hearted la pouliche female colt, filly la poupe stern
pour for, in order to, that, to, as, as to, as for, as for being, about; — que in order that, so that, that, for pourquoi why pourrir to rot la poursuite pursuit
poursuivre to pursue, continue; au moment de la — , in setting out to pursue her
pourtant however, nevertheless, but pourvoir to provide pourvu que provided that pousser to push, thrust; produce, utter, give, urge
la poussière dust
pouvoir to be able, can, may; arrive que pourra come what may; cela se peut (that) is possible; comme l’on pourrait as they saw fit; comme vous pourrez as best you can le pouvoir power, effect Prades small town in Roussillon, about 28 miles southwest of Perpignan pratiquer to practise, make précéder to precede
VOCABULAIRE
précieusement carefully précieu x, -se valuable précipité, -e rapid précipiter to precipitate; se — , rush forward, hurl oneself
précis, -e precise, exact précisément exactly prédire to predict la préférence preference; de — , preferably préférer to prefer le préjugé prejudice
préjuger to prejudge, decide in advance se prélasser to saunter on (i originally ‘ to strut like a prelate,’ Fr. prélat ) premi-er, -ère first, former prendre to take, take on, take from, catch, hold, use, seize, capture, come over, strike; have, put on; à tout — , all in all; — par ce sentier take this path; s’en — à blame; se — à begin, go about; se — de get into, apply oneself to le preneur taker
préoccuper to concern préparer to prepare; plan;
se — à get ready to près (with de) near, nearly; à peu — , almost, nearly; de — , near, closely présager to forebode la présence presence
présent, -e present; à — , at present, now; n. m.
gift
présenter to present, give,
offer; se — , be presented, come up; se — à face préserver to preserve, protect
le président president, chairman
présider to preside, preside over
le presidio {Span.) prison presque almost pressant, -e pressing, urgent
pressé, -e in a hurry; avoir . . . — , to be in a hurry about . . .
presser to press, hurry, urge; se — , be in a hurry, hasten prêt, -e ready, in readiness {with à)
prétendre to lay claim, maintain, say, insist, pretend
prétendu, -e pretended, supposed; intended (husband)
la prétention claim, demand prêter to lend, pay (attention) le prêtre priest la preuve proof
prévenir to anticipate, inform, apprise, warn, get ahead of
prévoir to foresee prier to pray, beg, ask; je vous en prie I implore you; se faire — , need urging
la prière prayer, entreaty prime : de — abord at the very first
VOCABULAIRE
le prince prince la princesse princess le printemps spring la prise capture; hold; pinch;
lâcher — , to let go le prisonnier, la prisonnière prisoner
privilégier to privilege le prix price, prize, worth, return
probablement probably le problème problem, question
procéder to proceed le procès lawsuit le procès-verbal minutes, official report
prochain, -e next; approaching
prochainement shortly,
soon
proche near
procurer to get; se — , get le procureur state’s (prosecuting) attorney; — général attorney general
prodigieusement de an enormous amount of
prodigieu-x, -se extraordinary
produire to produce, make le produit product, produce le professeur professor la profession profession; faire — , to profess
profiter to profit, take advantage (of), make progress
profond, -e deep, deepseated; good
profondément deeply, fast la proie prey; en — à a prey to
le projet plan projeter to plan prolixe prolix, lengthy prolonger to prolong; se —, extend
la promenade walk, drive; mener à la — , to take riding
promener to take out; se
— fpar) take a walk (about), ride, etc., walk about
la promesse promise promettre to promise prononcer to pronounce, utter
la prononciation pronunciation
la prophétie [^-si] prophecy prophétique prophetic le propos purpose, remark, talk; à — .opportunely; à — de in regard to proposer to propose; se
— de plan to, think of la proposition proposal
propre clean, own le, la propriétaire proprietor, proprietress, landowner la propriété property, estate prosaïque prosaic le proscrit outlaw protégé, — e favorite protéger to protect protester to protest prouver to prove, show la Provence Provence (former province in southeastern France) provenir to arise, come (from)
le proverbe proverb
VOCABULAIRE
providentiel, -le [-si-]
lucky, fortunate la province province; country; les — s the Basque provinces ( Alava , Biscay, Guipuzcoa, part of Navarre)
la provision : avoir — , to
carry a supply; faire sa — , lay in a supply prudemment [-am-] prudently
pu past part, of pouvoir publi-c, -que public publier to publish puis pres. ini. of pouvoir puis then puisque since la puissance power
puissant, -e powerful, mighty
la punaise bedbug punir to punish la punition punishment pur, -e pure, genuine Puygarrig see note to page 94, line 16
qu’ see que le quai quay
la qualité good quality, excellence, rank, capacity; en ma — - de Parisien because I was a Parisian quand when quant (à) as for la quantité quantity, a number, many
la quarantaine quarantine; about forty
le quart quarter; watch; de — , on duty; un — d’heure a quarter of an hour
le quartier quarter(s), block; pi. lodgings quasiment almost quatre four; se mettre à — , to work with all one’s might
que that, as, than, whether, why, when, how, but, let, would that, see that ( see also note to page 73, line 25); c’est — , it is because; est-ce — , expression serving to introduce a question ; ne . . . — , only, but, except; nul — , no one but; si bien — , so that que whom, which, what, that, ever; sometimes omitted in translation ( see note to page 13, line n); à ce —, as; ce — , what; ce que c’est — , what ... is; qu’est-ce — c’est what is it ? qu’est-ce — (c’est — ) cela what is that?
qu’est-ce — (qui) what ?
savoir ce — c’était qu’un caporal to know what a corporal was que what ?
quel, -le what, what a, which, who
quelque some, a, any; pi.
a few, several ( see note to page 3, line 4);
2ÔO
VOCABULAIRE
— ... que however; — . . . que ce fût any . . .
whatsoever; — s . . . que whatever
quelquefois sometimes quelqu’un, -une (quelques-uns, -unes) someone
la querelle quarrel; chercher — , to pick a quarrel with
la question question; faire — , to be suspicious qui who, whom, which, the one who, (anyone) what; ce - — , which;
— ... — , some . . .
others
qui who ? whom ? which ?
what ?
quiconque whoever quid dicis, doctissime ?
what do you say, most learned sir ? ( phrase
in which chairman of committee examining candidate for Doctor's degree in French university invited members to give their opinions) quinze fifteen
quitte quits; out of danger; jouer — ou double to
play double or quits {throw deciding whether player shall pay twice what he owes or nothing), stake everything; être - — , get off
quitter to quit, leave, lay down, take off quoi what, which; — ! or
something of the sort ! de — , the wherewithal, the means; — que whatever; je ne sais — - (de) something, anything; à — bon what is the good of ?
quoique although R
raccommoder to reconcile, repair
la racine root
raconter to tell, tell of, relate
radieu-x, -se radiant rafraîchir to refresh, water, cool
la rage madness, fury raide stiff, steep raidir to stiffen railler to joke, tease la raison reason, judgment, good sense; avoir — , to be right; parler — , talk sense; perdre la — , lose one’s mind
raisonnable reasonable, moderate
le raisonnement reasoning, argument
rallier to rally; se — , rally
rallumer to relight ramasser to pick up ramener to bring back, lead back, take home ramer to row
la rancune rancor; garder — , to bear a grudge le rang rank, row
VOCABULAIRE
ranimer to revive, enliven râper to grate rapide rapid, steep rapidement rapidly rappeler to recall, call back, remind; se — , remember
le rapport report, relation; sous ce • — , in this respect
rapporter to bring back (in), repeat, report; s’en - — à rely on
rapproché, -e close together; — de near rapprocher to bring near; se — (de) draw near to; resemble
la raquette racket rarement rarely raser to shave, graze rasibus quite close; piller — , to strip clean rassembler to assemble, bring together
se rasseoir to sit down again rassurer to reassure; se — , take heart
le ravin ravine
se raviser to change one’s mind
rayer to stripe
le réal (Span.) real (five cents) rebelle mutinous rebondir sur to rebound from
le rebord edge, ledge; à — s with raised edges; see note to page 6, line 27 recevoir to receive, accept, be struck (touched) by; entertain
le rechange replacement; de
— , spare
la recherche research, investigation; à la — -de in search of
rechercher to seek again, seek (for)
le récit story; faire le - — de to recount réciter to recite réclamer to ask to have back, request, protest la récolte harvest la recommandation recommendation
recommander to recommend, introduce; il est bien recommandé (ironical) there is abundant proof of his guilt (without your testimony) recommencer to begin again, do again la reconnaissance gratitude; reconnoitering tour reconnaissant, -e grateful
reconnaître to recognize, ascertain; se - — , get one’s bearings reconquérir to win back recoucher to lay down again; se — , lie down again
recourir to have recourse recouvrir to cover up le reçu receipt
recueillir to gather, pick up; se — , collect one’s thoughts
reculer to recoil, withdraw, fall back, draw back
VOCABULAIRE
redescendre to go down
again
redevenir to become again la redingote frock-coat
redoubler to repeat, increase
redoutable formidable la redoute redoubt, fort redouter to dread, fear redresser to straighten;
se — , straighten up réduire to reduce réel, -le real refermer to close again réfléchir to reflect, think about (of the fact that) le reflet reflection, flash; à — s bleus with a blue sheen
la réflexion thought; faire — , to reflect; inspirer des — s give pause refroidir to cool; blessure refroidie wound which has ceased bleeding le réfugié refugee se réfugier to take refuge refuser to refuse; se — , refuse
regagner to regain, go back to
régaler to treat le régalia (Span.) large cigar of good quality le regard look, glance
regarder to look at, concern, watch, face le régime rule, government régler to regulate, settle, make
le règne reign
régner to reign, extend
regretter to regret réguli-er, -ère regular la reine queen les reins m. pi. loins
rejeter to throw back, reject
rejoindre to rejoin, reach, overtake, join réjouir to rejoice, delight relâcher to release relater to mention, tell relati-f, -ve regarding relever to lift again, raise, turn back; se — , get up, rise, right oneself le relief relief; en — , raised religieu-x, -se religious; n.f. nun
remarquable remarkable remarquablement very remarquer to remark, notice; faire — -, point out le remède remedy, help remendado (Span.) ragged remercier to thank remettre to put back, put on again, hand (give) over, recover, replace; pardon; transfer, restore; se — à begin again; se — en route (marche) start or set out again
la rémission pardon, mercy remonter to remount, come up again, go upstream, go up
le remords remorse, regret le rempart rampart; comme un — , a sort of barricade
remplacer to replace
VOCABULAIRE
rempli, -e full remplir to fill remuer to move, disturb, stir
la rencontre meeting, encounter, circumstances; à la — , to meet; à sa — , towards him; ma — , meeting me
rencontrer to meet, find, strike; se — , agree le rendez-vous appointment, meeting; se donner — , to make an appointment with each other rendormir to put to sleep again; se — , go to sleep again
rendre to render, deliver, give (back), requite for, make, do, return, express; se — , make, do oneself; surrender, go renfermer to pen up, inclose
renforcé, -e reënforced; une provinciale — e, ultra -provincial le renfort reënforcement; à grand — de see note to page 109, line 14 la renommée renown
renoncer (à) to renounce, give up
renouveler to renew, replace, replenish; se — , recur
le renseignement bit of information, reference rentré, -e close together rentrer to reënter ( the house), go back, return
à la renverse backwards, on one’s back
renverser to overturn, throw down, upset, prostrate ; convulse renvoyer to return, dismiss
répandre to spread; se — , scatter, spread reparaître to reappear réparer to repair, make up for
reparler to speak again repartir to go away again, leave; retort le repas meal
repasser to pass again, go through again ; passer et — , move back and forth
se repentir to repent, be sorry for
le repentir repentance répéter to repeat la répétition repetition; montre à — , repeating watch replier to bend; se — , fall back
reployer to bend back répondre to answer, reply; — de answer for, be responsible for; en — , assure
la réponse response, answer, reply
le repos rest, inactivity reposer to rest; se — , rest repoussant, -e disagreeable repousser to push away, repulse, reject reprendre to take again, take up, continue, re-
VOCABULAIRE
sume, regain, take back; reply; se — , correct oneself
la représentation performance
représenter to represent; se — , picture to oneself, imagine, come up again
réprimer to repress le reproche reproach, taunt se reproduire to recur
réserver to reserve, save résider to reside résigner to resign la résistance opposition;
faire quelque — pour to be somewhat reluctant to
résister (à) to resist, withstand
résolu, -e determined, decided
résolûment resolutely
(. generally spelled résolument)
résolve see résoudre résoudre to decide le respect [-pc] respect respectable deserving respect
respecter to respect respectueu-x, -se respectful
la respiration breathing respirer to breathe, inhale resplendissant, -e brilliant responsable responsible ressemblant, -e a good likeness
ressembler (à) to resemble ressentir to feel
le ressort lock; spring
ressortir to stand out {in
contrast)
la ressource resource le reste rest, remains; au — , du (de) — , for the rest, besides, well, but then, as a matter of fact rester to remain, be left, stay at home; qui me restaient which I had left
restreindre to restrict le résultat result
rétablir to reestablish; se —, recover retarder to delay retenir to hold back, detain, keep, restrain retentir to resound, ring out
retirer to retire, draw back, remove, take out (off), draw away; se — , retire, leave, withdraw retomber to fall retoucher to alter le retour return; de — , back; en — à (en, dans) on one’s return
retourner to return, turn around (back); se — , turn around; s’en — , go back
la retraite retreat, tattoo le retranchement intrenchment
retrousser to roll up retrouver to find again (still), find, regain; se — , meet again, be found again, turn up
VOCABULAIRE
la reunion meeting, junction réunir to reunite, combine, connect; se — , meet, come together réussir to succeed la réussite success la revanche revenge; en — , on the other hand le rêve dream le réveil awakening
réveiller to awaken; se — , awake
révéler to reveal; se — , show oneself
revenir to come back, return, recover; en — , go back; — à soi come to oneself; ... ne me revient pas I don’t like . . .
rêver to dream la révérence reverence, bow; see note to page 96, line
le revers reverse, facing, (boot-) top revêtir to put on revoir to see again révolter to revolt; se — , rebel
la revue review; à la — , in review; passer la — , to be reviewed le rez-de-chaussée ground floor le rhume cold
ricaner to sneer, giggle riche rich; n. m. rich person
richement richly la richesse ( also in pi.)
wealth, riches ricocher to rebound
le rideau curtain
ridicule ridiculous; ». m.
ridicule
le rien nothing, anything; n’avoir —, to be well; ne . . . — , nothing; — que only
la rigueur rigor; à la — , at a pinch; de — , obligatory; tenir — , to be denied
riposter to reply rire to laugh; éclater de — , burst out laughing le rire laugh, laughter; rire d’un gros — , to laugh loudly
le risque risk, danger risquer to risk le rivage shore la rive (river) bank la rivière river le riz rice
la robe robe, dress, gown robuste robust le roc rock le rocher rock, cliff le roi king
rollona (Span., colloquial) nurse
le rom (Gipsy) husband Roma (Gipsy) The Gipsies romain, -e Roman; Rommany, Gipsy; le Romain Roman, Gipsy la romalis (Gipsy) a Gipsy dance
le roman novel les Romé (Gipsy) Gipsies la romi (Gipsy) wife le rommani Rommany, Gipsy language
VOCABULAIRE
rompre to break, break off, interrupt
rond, -e round; le — -, round; à dix lieues à la ronde for ten leagues about
Ronda small city, surrounded by steep hills, about 67 miles northeast of Gibraltar
la ronde round, patrol; à la — , roundabout rose pink, rose-color le roseau reed la rosse jade; old horse la rotule knee-cap rouge red
le rouge redness, blood rougir to blush, turn red la rouille rust
le roulement rolling, roll, rattle
rouler to roll; turn; se — , roll about
le Roussillon former French province, corresponding to the department of Pyrénées-Orientales, taken from Spain in 1659 roussillonnais, -se of Roussillon; le — , a Roussillonian
la route route, way, journey, road; arrêter sur la grande — , to rob on the highway; faire — , travel la routine mechanical regularity
le royaume kingdom la royauté royalty le ruban ribbon
rude rough, harsh, difficult
rudement rudely, roughly la rue street; faire une — ,
to cut a swath
la ruelle alley; space between bed and wall la ruine ruin; en — , in ruins
ruiner to ruin le ruisseau stream, brook ruisseler to drip rusé, -e crafty, cunning russe Russian; le Russe Russian
la Sabine Sabine woman; l’enlèvement des — s
the rape of the Sabine women ( legendary kidnaping of the wives and daughters of the Sabines by the Romans under Romulus, who needed wives )
le sable sand le sabot wooden shoe le sabre saber le sac bag, sack sache see savoir sacrifier to sacrifice sacrilège sacrilegious, godless
sage good, well-behaved, wise
sain, -e healthy, sound saint, -e holy, sacred; n.
m. saint
Saint-André (croix de)
Saint Andrew’s cross (= X)
Saint-Roc San Roque
VOCABULAIRE
{small town about 6 miles north of Gibraltar) saisir to seize, catch, seize upon; se — de seize le saisissement start la salade salad salé, -e salt la salle hall, room le salon drawing-room
saluer to salute, bow to, greet
le salut bow, greeting, salvation, welfare
salutaire wholesome, wise le sandale sandal le sang blood; jusqu’au — , till the blood comes le sang-froid coolness sanglant, -e bloody le sanglier wild boar le sanglot sob sangloter to sob la sangsue leech
Sanpiero ( Ital .) see note to to page 73, line 16 sans without, except for; — que without la santé health le Satan see note to page n, line i
satisfaire to satisfy satisfaisant, -e satisfactory
le saucisson thick sausage le saut leap
sauter tojump,leap (over), bound in the air, blow {up, out); run for; — sur leap on; faire — , gouge out
sauvage wild, uncivilized; n. m. savage
le sauve-qui-peut stampede, rout
sauver to save, redeem;
se — , run away savant, -e learned, wise; n. m. scholar
savoir to know, know to be, know how, learn, can; je (ne) sais see notes to page 13, line 7. and page 36, line 7; je ne sais où somewhere or other; je ne sais quel some; je ne sais quoi something or other; je n’en saurais dire autant I can’t say as much; que je sache so far as I know; que sais-je ? how should I know? — ?
really ? that remains to be seen
le savoir knowledge le scandale scandal scandaliser to shock le scélérat villain le sceptre scepter le schako shako {soldier's high hat )
scier to saw, saw through or off
scrupuleusement carefully scruter to search sculpter [skylte] to carve, engrave
le sculpteur sculptor le séant sitting; se lever (mettre) sur son — , to sit up
la sébile bowl
sec, sèche dry, thin, sharp, curt
VOCABULAIRE
second, -e [sogo] second la seconde [sogod] second secouer to shake secourir to succor, aid le secours succor, aid, help;
venir au — de to aid le secret secrecy
séduisant, -e attractive, charming
le seigneur lord, Mr. (used by Mérimée for Span.
senor)
le sein breast
le séjour sojourn, stay; abode le sel salt la selle saddle
selon according to la semaine week
semblable such, similar, of the sort
sembler to seem; où bon leur semblerait wherever they pleased semer to sow le sénat senate le Sénégal French colony in ■western Africa senor (Span.) = monsieur le sens [sas3 sense, direction, meaning la sensibilité feeling
sensiblement perceptibly le sentier path le sentiment feeling; avoir le — de to feel
la sentinelle sentinel; faire mettre en — , to put on guard; — avancée outpost
sentir to feel, see, realize; smell; suggest; se — , be conscious of, feel
séparer to separate; se — , separate, part le sergent sergeant
sérieusement seriously, earnestly
sérieu-x, -se serious le sérieux gravity; reprendre son — , to become serious again
le serment oath le serpent serpent; rue du Serpent (really calle de las Sierpes, ‘ street of the serpents’) chief and fairly straight, though narrow , street in Seville, so called from the serpents on a tavern sign Serrabona see note to page 95, line 12
serré, -e tight, close, serried; bien - — dans wearing a close-fitting serrer to squeeze, tighten, crowd, clench, close, clasp; shake la serrure lock
le serrurier locksmith; apprenti — , locksmith’s apprentice
la servante maid-servant, handmaid serviable obliging le service service, favor; de — , on duty
servir to serve, wait on, be of use, be used; set (a table); — de be used as; se — de use le serviteur servant; votre grand —, your obedient servant
VOCABULAIRE
le seuil threshold
seul, -e alone, single, only, very, sole; à lui — , by himself, alone seulement only, even, as much as, just
Sevilla, Francisco see note to page 17, line 29 sévillan, -e Sevilian; le Sévillan Sevilian Séville [sevil] Seville ( city in A ndalusia) le sexe sex
si if; to see if; whether; suppose; see note to page 8, line 26; — -ce n’est except
si so, so much, such, yes (i after a negative); le — , condition; see note to page 18, line 30 le siècle century le siège seat, driver’s seat; siege
siéger to sit {of assemblies) la Sierra {Span.) mountainrange
le sifflement whistling, hissing
siffler to whistle le sifflet whistle {instrument) le signal order le signalement description le signe sign
signer to sign; se — , cross oneself
le signor {Ital., pi. signori) squire
le silence silence, pause; garder le — , to be silent; rentrer dans le — , become silent again
silencieu-x, -se silent la silhouette outline simple simple, mere le singe monkey la singularité curiosity
singuli-er, -ère singular, peculiar, strange singulièrement singularly, strangely sinistre dismal sinon if not, except sire sire {title given the king) sitôt so soon; — que as soon as
la situation position situé, -e located situer to place six [sis] six la société party le socle pedestal la sœur sister la soie silk la soierie silk
la soif thirst; avoir — , to be thirsty
soigner to care for soigneusement carefully le soin care, concern; les — s care, attention (s) ; avoir — , to take care le soir evening; le — , the (in the) evening la soirée evening, evening party
soit so be it, whether; — . . . — , either ... or le sol ground, soil le soldat soldier; simple — , private
le soleil sun, sunlight
solennel [solanel], -le solemn
VOCABULAIRE
solennellement solemnly solide strong, sturdy, steady
solitaire lonely la sollicitation entreaty, request
solliciter to see (about) sombre somber, gloomy, dark
la somme sum; en —, in short, in a word le somme nap le sommeil sleep
sonder to sound, test le songe dream
songer to dream, think; — à think of, consider; arrange
sonner to ring, ring the time; à minuit sonnant on the stroke of midnight la sonnerie ringing la sonnette bell sonore loud le sorbet sherbet la sorcellerie witchcraft le sorcier sorcerer la sorcière sorceress le sort fate, lot la sorte sort, kind; de (en)
■ — que so that; de la — , in that (this) way la sortie leaving, exit le sortilège spell
sortir to go (come) out, protrude, emerge, come from, leave, graduate from; — de leave; be placed in
sot, — te foolish; n. m. fool la sottise foolishness, act of folly, foolish thing
le sou sou, cent; gros — , see note to page 95, line
soucier to disturb; se - — de care to, be concerned about
soudainement suddenly le souffle breath
souffler to blow, breathe le soufflet box on the ear souffrir to suffer, allow; — pour ... de sympathize with ... on account of le souhait wish souhaiter to wish soulever to raise ; se — , rise le soulier low shoe le soupçon suspicion; donner des — s à arouse suspicion in soupçonner to suspect souper to sup, have supper; donner (apporter) à — , give supper le souper supper soupir sigh soupirer to sigh souple lithe la source spring le sourcil [sursî] eyebrow; froncer le — , to frown sourd, -e deaf, dull sourire to smile; en souriant with a smile le sourire smile la souris mouse sous under, in soutenir to sustain, support, reinforce, uphold le soutien support le souvenir memory, remembrance, recollection
VOCABULAIRE
se souvenir (de) to remember; il me souvient I recall
souvent often, frequently le spectacle spectacle, show le spectateur spectator la statistique statistics, collection of numerical information
stupéfait, -e stupefied, astonished
la stupeur stupefaction stupide stupid le stylet stiletto suave graceful subir to undergo subit, -e sudden succéder to follow {with à) ; se — , follow one another le succès success le successeur successor succomber to fall, yield sucré, -e sugared le sucrier sugar-bowl le sud [syd] south, southern la sueur perspiration suffire to suffice la suie soot
la suite following, retinue; consequence, result; par —, consequently; tout de — , immediately suivre to follow, recognize sujet, -te subject le sujet subject; au — - de as regards
superbement magnificently supérieur, -e superior, higher, upper la supériorité superiority superstitieu-x, -se [-sjd] superstitious
la superstition superstition; avoir plus de — , to be more superstitious le supplice torture; au — , on the rack supplier to implore supporter to support supposer to suppose, infer sur on, upon, with, over, concerning, at, to, from, about, by, in; — lechamp at once, on the spot; trois fois — -quatre three times out of four sûr, -e sure, trustworthy, certain, safe la sûreté safety
surhumain, -e supernatural, ghostly
surnaturel, -le supernatural surnommer to call, nickname
surpasser to outshine surprendre to surprise, take by surprise, overtake, catch
le sursaut start; réveiller en — , to awaken with a start
surtout especially surveiller to watch le survivant survivor sus past def. of savoir susdit [syzdi], -e aforesaid
suspect [syspe or -pekt], -e suspicious
suspendre to suspend, hang; stop
suspendu, -e hanging suspens [-pû]: en —, in suspense
VOCABULAIRE
svelte slender syllogiser ( obsolete ) to reason, reckon
synonyme synonymous le système method, way; par — , regularly
t. abbreviation of tome le tabac [taba] tobacco, snuff; pi. kinds of tobacco, tobacco la tabatière snuff-box la table table le tabouret stool la tache stain, spot tâcher to try taciturne taciturn le taffetas [-ta] taffeta, silk la taille cut, size, waist, stature, build le taillis thicket
taire: se — , to be or become silent
le talon heel; sur ses — s at his heels; tourner les — s to turn on one’s heel
le tambour drum; drummer tandis meanwhile; — que while
tant (de) so much (so), so many; fais — que de manage to; — que as long as, as much as la tante aunt
tantôt soon, just now; — • . . — y now . . . now tapageu-r, -se noisy taper to strike le tapis carpet
tapisser to carpet, line la tapisserie tapestry tard late
tarder to be late, delay; ne — pas not to be long till, not to be slow in Tarifa town west of Gibraltar
le tas pile la tasse cup
tâter to feel, sound le taureau bull; courses de — x bullfights; des — x bullfighting teindre to dye, stain le teint complexion, tint la teinte tint, hue, coloring tel, telle such, such and such; dans — le rue in a certain street; un — , such a, such a one, so and so
tellement so, so much, to such an extent le témoignage evidence témoigner to give evidence, show le témoin witness la tempe temple le temps [tfl] time, weather; period; avec le — , in time; de — à autre, de — en — , from time to time; en tout — , always les tenailles /. pincers
tendre to stretch, offer, extend, hand; hang la tendresse tenderness, caresses
les ténèbres/, darkness
tenez come ! here ! by the way ! look !
VOCABULAIRE
tenir to hold, keep, have, get; il ne tient qu’à moi I can perfectly well; savoir à quoi s’en — , know what to believe; se ■ — , remain, stay, stand, feel ; — à insist on, depend on; — à ce que be due to the fact that la tentation temptation la tentative attempt la tente tent
tenter to tempt, try, incline, make
la tenture hanging, tapestry le terme statue, column or pillar ( surmounted by figure, serving as support in buildings or ornament in gardens); term, word la terminaison termination terminer to finish; se — , end, etc.
le terrain soil, ground, piece of land
terrasser to knock down la terre earth, land, ground; à — , to (on) the ground (floor) ; en — , see note to page 95, line 16; par — , on the ground (floor)
la terreur terror
terriblement terribly la terrine earthenware bowl le testament will la tête head; de — , mental; faire — , to make a stand; inclination de — , nod; mal de (à la) - — , headache; signe de —, nod
Tétricus, C. Pius Esuvius,
sometimes wrongly called Pivesuvius, proclaimed Roman emperor at Bordeaux in 267 during revolt of Gaul against Gallienus; his wife’s name is unknown
le théâtre theater, scene la théologie theology la théorie theory
tiens why ! listen ! what !
tient pres. ind. of tenir le tiers third le tigre tiger
la tigresse tigress; expression de — , tiger-like appearance le tillac deck
timidement timidly le tintement tinkle
Tiodoro (/fa/.) Theodore le tir shooting la tirade tirade, long speech tirailler to fire ( repeatedly and irregularly) le tirailleur sharpshooter, skirmisher
tirer to draw, pull, take out, shoot, fire; extricate, rescue; s’en — , se — de extricate oneself; deal with; se faire — la bonne aventure have one’s fortune told le tireur marksman le tison firebrand la toile cloth; awning; — S toils, net
la toilette toilet, dress, appearance; dressing
table; en — , dressed
VOCABULAIRE
for the occasion; songer à sa — , to dress toiser to eye le toit roof
tomber to fall; empty le ton tone
le tonneau cask, barrel tonner to thunder topique local tordre to twist, wring le tort wrong, harm; à — , wrongly; avoir — , to be wrong
tortueu-x, -se winding tôt soon, early toucher to touch, concern; move
touffu, -e tufted, thick toujours always, constantly, continually, still la tour tower
le tour turn, circuit; trick; — à — , by turns, one after another
tourmenter to torment, annoy, trouble le tournant turn la tournée, circuit, official visit
tourner to turn, form, flank, turn around; se — , turn, turn round la tournure shape, appearance
tous see tout
tout, -e (pi. tous, toutes ) all, every, any, whole; n. m. whole, everything; du — , at all
tout adv. wholly, quite, entirely, altogether, precisely; — à fait alto¬
gether; — au moins (plus) at least (most); — de même all the same; — en (+ pres, part.) while
toutefois however, still, nevertheless la toux coughing le traban halberdier la trace mark tracer to mark la traduction translation traduire to translate trafiquer to trade trahir to betray; se — , show
la trahison act of treason le train : en — de in the act of trainer to drag, draw; se — , drag oneself along le trait trace, line, stroke, piece; feature; shaft, arrow
la traite journey le traité treaty, agreement traiter to treat le traître traitor la traîtresse traitress le trajet journey, passage tranchant, -e sharp la tranche slice
trancher to cut; — de pose as
tranquille [-kil] quiet, unconcerned; laisser - — , to let alone; soyez (sois) — , don’t worry tranquillement [-kil] quietly, calmly la tranquillité calmness transcendant, -e extraordinary
VOCABULAIRE
la transition: par la — - de
in connection with transparent, -e transparent; n. m. lined paper; transparency transpirer to perspire traquer to hunt down le travail work
travailler to work, be active le travers breadth; à — , through; au — de through, over; en — ■ (de) crosswise
la traversée crossing, passage traverser to cross, pass through
tremper to soak la trentaine about thirty le trépignement noisy footsteps
très very, very much le trésor treasure tressaillir to start Triana see note to page 29, line 21
tricher to cheat le triomphe triumph
triste sad, unhappy, sorry tristement sadly la tristesse sadness; avec — , sadly
tromper to deceive; se — , be mistaken, make a mistake
le tronc [tRô] tree trunk le tronçon stump le trône throne
trop too, too much, too well; ne sachant — , not knowing exactly; le — , excess
le trophée trophy
le trot trot; grand — ,fast trot trotter to trot le trou hole
le trouble embarrassment trouble muddy, dim le trouble-fête kill- joy troubler to disturb troué, -e full of holes trouer to make a hole in la troupe troop, crowd, band, school; soldiers le troupeau herd la trousse bundle; à nos — s at our heels
le trousseau outfit, bunch
(of keys )
la trouvaille find, discovery trouver to find, think; comment trouvez-vous H. ? what do you think of H. ? se — , be, be found to be, happen to be; venir — , join la truelle trowel la truffe truffle, mushroom tuer to kill la tuile tile
tumultueu-x, -se uproari.
ous
turbulent, -e tumultuous, riotous
turc [tyRk], turque Turkish; le Tine Turk; à la turque cross-legged le turon (Span., turrôn) kind of nougat, sweetmeat (of roasted nuts, honey, etc.)
un, -e one, a, an; de deux choses l’une either one
VOCABULAIRE
thing or the other; les — s ... les autres (d’autres) some . . . others; 1’ — et l’autre both uni, -e smooth, uniform in color
uniforme uniform unique unique, single uniquement solely unir to unite; s’ — , be united
l’unisson m.: à 1’ — de in
harmony with l’usage m. usage, use, habit, custom; mettre en — , to take
user to wear out or away; make use of
l’ustensile m. utensil, thing
used
utile useful
le vacarme noise la vague wave
vaguement indefinitely vaillant valiant vaincre to conquer, beat le vainqueur conqueror vais 1st. per s. sing. pres. ind.
of aller
le vaisseau vessel le val dale, valley; par monts et par vaux up hill and down dale
Valence Valencia ( seaport on eastern coast of Spain ) valencien, -ne of Valencia, Valencian; le Valencien Valencian; see note to page 1 5, line 15
le valet valet, manservant;
— de chambre valet la vallée valley
valoir to be worth; equal, be comparable with; — mieux be worth more, be better
le Vandale Vandal, destroyer of works of art
le vandalisme destruction of works of art
vanter to boast of, praise; se — de boast of la vapeur vapor
vaste large, extensive le vaurien good-for-nothing Véger Veger de la Frontera {town about 28 miles southeast of Cadiz) la veille eve, day before; lack of sleep, watch; la - — , the previous day or night
le velours velvet le vendeur dealer vendre to sell le vendredi Friday
venger to avenge; se — , take vengeance venir to come; aller et — , go back and forth; en
— à resort to, come to the point of; — de have just
le vent wind
la venta {Span.) wayside inn le ventre belly, abdomen; à plat — , flat on the ground
la venue coming Vénus [-ys] VenuB verdâtre greenish
VOCABULAIRE
véreu-x, -se wormy; open to criticism vérifier to verify véritable real
véritablement veritably, really
la vérité truth; en (à la) — -, in truth, to be sure vermeil, -le crimson la vermine vermin
vemir to varnish; (souliers) vernis of patent leather le verre glass
le verrou bolt; sous les — s behind the bars vers toward, about, near verser to pour, shed, pour out
vert, -e green; hot; lively; chêne — , evergreen oak, holm oak
vertement severely la vertu virtue; en — de as a result of la veste jacket le vêtement garment vêtir to clothe, dress le veuf widower la veuve widow
veux pres. ind. of vouloir la viande meat la victime victim la victoire victory vide empty
la vie life, living; changer de - — , to change one’s manner of life; en — , living, alive
le vieillard old man la vieille old woman Vienne Vienna
la vierge virgin; la (sainte, bonne) Vierge the (Holy, Blessed) Virgin vieux (vieil before vowels), vieille old; n. m. old man vif, vive lively, quick, active, keen, hearty; living; haie vive quickset hedge
la vigne vine, vineyard
vigoureusement summarily vigoureu-x, -se strong la vigueur strength, power vilain, -e mean, vile, wretched, ugly; n. m.
peasant, commoner la ville city le vin wine la vingtaine score le vingt-quatre town councillor, alderman (in Andalusia , in charge of police and other departments of city government)
violemment [-am-] violently
le violon violin; violinist vis past def. of voir le vis-à-vis person opposite;
— de opposite le visage face viser to aim (at) la visite visit; faire — à to call on
visiter to visit, inspect, examine
vite active; quickly; au plus — , immediately la vitre windowpane
Vitoria city in northern Spain; see Alava
VOCABULAIRE
la vivacité liveliness vivant, -e alive vivement quickly, energetically, closely vivre to live, be alive le vivre victual, food vli, vlan slap, bang !
le vœu prayer
voici behold, this is, these are, here is (are); le — , here he (it) is la voie way
voilà there is (are, was, were), there, then, that’s it, that is, now, here is, le — , there he (it) is; — que suddenly; te — , now you’re . . .
la voile sail; faire — pour to set sail for
voir to see; à — , worth seeing; aller — , go and see about it; laisser —, to show, reveal; qu’as-tu à y voir what have you to do with it ? voyez see, come now ! voyez-vous see, you see; voyons come ! vu considering
voisin, -e neighboring, adjoining; n. m. neighbor
le voisinage neighborhood, proximity
la voiture carriage, conveyance
la voix voice le vol theft, robbery le volcan volcano voler to steal, rob voler to fly
le volet shutter
le voleur, la voleuse robber
la volonté wish
volontiers [-tje] willingly, gladly
le voltigeur light infantryman
voluptueu-x, -se sensual; charming
vouloir to wish, will, insist upon, be willing; like, care, please; try; expect; en — à have a grudge against, be angry with; que lui veut-elle what does she want of him? veuillez be kind enough to; — bien be willing, like, be kind enough to la voûte vault
le voyage trip, journey; compagnon de — , traveling companion; en — , when one is traveling voyager to travel le voyageur, la voyageuse traveler
vrai, vraie true, real, genuine; n. m. truth; dire — , to tell the truth vraiment truly, really vraisemblable [-sa-] probable, likely vu past part, of voir la vue view, sight; à sa — , at the sight of him (her); perdre de — , lose sight of; porter la — sur to catch sight of Vulcain Vulcan ( husband af Venus)
VOCABULAIRE
y there, to (at, in, by) it, to, at, in (to) them, about it, here
la yema (Span.) yolk; confection made of yolk of egg and sugar les yeux see œil
le z [zed 3 z
le Zacatin ( Arabie , old clothes dealers’ quarter) in Mérimée' s time pic¬
turesque and important business street in Granada
le zaguân (Span.) covered entry to a large house, vestibule le zèle zeal
le zorcico Basque tune in | time, originally intended for dancing
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