chapitre, m., chapter (of relig

ious orders).

chaque, each, every.

charbon, m., coal.

charge,/., load.

chargement, m., loading.

charger, to load; se — , to take

upon oneself, do. chariot, m., wagon.

charmant, -e, charming, de-

lightful.

charmille, /., hedge of yoke-

elm trees.

charrette, /., cart; — à bras,

push-cart.

charrue,/., plow.

chasse,/., hunt, hunting; couteau de — , hunting-knife.

chasser, to drive, chase, huntchâteau, ;»., country-seat, cas-

tle.

chasseur, ;>;., hunter, chasseur chat, m., cat.

châtaigne,/., chestnut.

châtaignier, m., chestnut tree.

chaud, -e, warm.

chauffage, m., fuel.

chauffer, to heat, get steam up:

se — , to warm oneself up.

chaussée,/., street.

chauve, bald.

chaux,/., lime; blanchir à la —

to whitewash.

VOCABTJLARY

chéchia, /., cap, Turkish cap.

chef, m., chief.

chemin, m., road, way; — de

fer, railroad; — de la croix,

the way of the Cross.

cheminée, /., fireplace, chim-

ney, mantelpiece.

cheminer, to walk.

chemise,/., shirt.

chêne, m., oak.

chenille, /., silk cord, chenille.

ch-er, -ère, dear.

chercher, to get, look for, seek;

venir — , to come for.

cheval, m., horse; — de course,

race-horse.

chevelure,/., hair.

chevet, m., bedside.

cheveu, m., hair.

chèvre,/., female goat.

chevreuil, m., deer.

chez, in, at the house of, with,

among.

chic, m., style, chic, chien, m., dog.

chiffre, m., figure, amount.

choc, m., collision, shock.

chœur, m., chancel.

choisir, to choose, sélect, chope, /., large beer-glass.

choquer (se), to strike (of

glasses), clash.

chose, /., thing; quelque — ,

something.

chou, m., cabbage.

chrétien, -ne, Christian.

christ, m., crucifix.

chuchotement, m., whisper,

whispering.

chuchoter, to whisper. chut! hush!

ci, hère; par par -là, hère

and therc; now and then.

cible, /., target.

ci-devant, formerly.

ciel, m., sky, heaven.

cierge, m., wax candie.

cil, m., eyelashes.

cilice, m., haircloth.

cimetière, m., cemetery.

cinq, five.

cinquante, fifty.

cinquième, fifth.

circuler, to circulate, pass by.

cirque, m., arena, ring.

ciseaux, m. plur., scissors.

citer, to quote, cite.

cithare,/., cithara.

citoyen, -ne, citizen.

clair, -e, clear, bright, sharp;

light (of colors); au — de

lune, in the moonlight.

clairon, m., bugle.

claire-voie (à), with open sides

(of wagons, e.g., a hayrack).

clamer, to cry.

clapoter, to ripple, chop.

clarté,/., light. classe,/., school, class.

clavecin, m., piano.

clef,/., key.

client, m., customer, client, clientèle,/., customers, clients.

cligner, to wink.

clignoter, to wink, blink.

cliquetis, m., clanking, rattle.

cliquette, /., snappers.

cloche,/., bell-glass, bell; coup

de — , bell ringing.

clocher, m., steeple.

clochette,/., little bell.

cloître, m., cloister.

clos, -e, closed.

clouer, to nail, nail down.

cœur, m., heart; le — gros,

serré, with a heavy heart;

le — navré, to be broken-

hearted; en — , shaped like

a heart, open.

coiffure,/., hair dress.

coin, m., corner, angle, out-of-

the-way place, spot.

col, m., coliar.

colère,/., anger; en — , angrily.

collègue, m., colleague.

colline,/., hill.

colonne,/., column. colonnette, /., small column.

colorier, to color, paint.

combattant, m., fighter.

combien, how. how much, how

many.

commande,/., order.

commander, to order.

comme, as, like, how.

comment, how, what.

commettre, to commit.

commis, m., clerk; — en librairie, publisher's clerk.

communauté, /., communitv,

society.

commune, /., commune, com-

munity.

compagnie,/., band, flight (of

birds), crowd.

compagnon, m., companion.

compasser, to regulate.

complaisance,/., complaisance.

complaisant, -e, obliging.

complètement, completely.

compliqué, -e, complicated,

complex.

componction,/., compunction.

composer, to compound, make.

comprendre, to understand,

realize.

compte, m., account; se rendre

— , to understand, find out,

realize compter, to rely, count, count

up.

comptoir, m., countcr, store.

comtesse,/., countess. concentré, — e, uncommunica-

tive.

condenser (se) , to be condensed.

conduct-eur, -rice, leader.

conduire, to lead, conduct,

tend (of cattle).

confection,/., making.

confiance,/., confidence, trust.

confier, to entrust, confide.

confondre, to mix up, con-

found; se — , to be blended.

conformer (se), to conform

oneself.

confrérie, /., congrégation, con-

fraternity.

confus, -e, confused, embarrassée! .

confusément, confusedly, in-

distinctly.

congé, m., furlough, leave of

absence.

connaissance,/., acquaintance

knowledge.

connaître, to know, be ac-

quainted with.

conque,/., shell.

conseil, m., adviser, lawyer,

council, chapter (of con-

vents).

conseiller, m., councillor, justice, judge.

conservateur, m., curator (of

muséums).

considérer, to consider; se — ,

to consider oneself.

consigne,/., order; forcer la — ,

to break orders; force an

entrance.

consterné, -e, dismayed, dis-

heartened.

construire, to build.

consumer, to burn out.

conte, m., taie.

contenir, to contain; se — , to

refrain oneself.

content, -e, satisfied, glad, in

good spirits.

contenter, to satisfy; se — , to

be satisfied.

conter, to tell, relate, contre, against.

convaincre, to convince.

convenir, to agrée.

convive, m., guest.

convoi, m., column, procession coq, m., rooster, cock.

coquet, -te, graceful, coquettish.

élégant, coquillage, m., shell.

coquille,/., shell.

coquin, -e, rascal.

corailleur, m., coraî-fisher's boat.

corbeau, m., crow.

corbeille,/., basket.

corde,/., string, rope.

corne,/., horn.

cornet, m., cornucopia.

cornue,/., retort.

corps, m,, body, corps«.

corriger, to correct.

Corse,/., Corsica.

corse, Corsican.

corvée,/., task, drudgery.

côte, /., hill, rib, seacoast, shore.

côté, m., side, direction; à — , next; de l'autre — , on the other side; du — de, in the direction of, towards; des deux — s, on both sides.

coteau, m., hill.

côtoyer (se), to go side by side.

cotte,/., working trousers.

cou, m., neck; sauter au — , to fall on some one's neck.

couche, /., bed; arbre de — , shaft.

couché, -e, lying, set (of the sunV

coucher, to lay down, put to bed; se — , to go to bed, retire, lie down, set (of the sun).

coude, m., elbow.

coudre, to sew.

couler, to flow, run, corne out; se — , to creep, steal.

couleur,/., color.

coup, m., blow, stroke, point, shot, move, throw, draught (of liquids), report (of firearms); tout à — , suddenly; ■ — de canon, report of a cannon; — d'œil, glance; pour le — , this time; du — , at once, thereupon; ■ — de

feu, gun shot, report; — de vent, gust of wind; par petits — s, in small sips, draughts.

coupable, guilty, guilty person.

coupe,/., stroke (of oars).

couper, to eut, divide.

cour, /., courtyard, court of justice.

courageusement, courageously.

courant, m., current; — d'air, draft.

courber, to bend, stoop; se — , to bend.

courir, to run, run about, race.

couronne,/., wreath, crown.

course, /., race, run, fight (of bulls); cheval de — , racehorse; tout d'une — , ail in one run, running; au pas de — , double-quick time.

court, -e, short.

courtisan, m., courtier.

coussinet, cushion.

couteau, m., knife; — de chasse hunting-knife.

coûter, to cost.

couvent, m., convent.

couvert, m., cover; ce — mis, this table laid.

couverture,/., cover.

couvrir, to cover.

crainte,/., fear.

crainti-f, -ve, fearful, timid.

cramponner (se), to cling.

crâne, m., skull.

craquement, >//., rustling (of cloth); cracking (of whips), creaking.

craquer, to creak.

crasseu-x, -se, dirty.

crémaillère,/., house-vvarming.

crème,/, créa m.

créneler, to form into battements.

crépir, to rough-plaster, parget.

crépitement, m., crackling.

crépuscule, m., twilight.

crête, /., crcst, top, comb (of

birds).

creuser, to dig, rack.

creux, m., hollow.

creu-x, -se, hollow.

crevassé, -e, chappcd.

crevasser (se), to crack, split.

crever, to burst, break.

cri, m., cry.

crier, to exclaim, cry out,

rustlc.

crinière , /. , man'e .

criquet, m., locust.

crispé, -e, clenchcd, ncrvous,

contracted.

crisper (se), to grasp.

cristal, m., crystal, glass.

croire, to believe; se — , to

bclicve oneself.

croiser, to cross, mect.

croissant, m., crescent.

croix,/., cross; chemin de la — ,

the way of the cross.

croquer, to devour, eat hastily.

crosse, /., butt end (of guns),

crozicr.

crouler, to fall, collapse.

cru, m., country, province.

cru, -e, stiff (of colors).

cuculle, m., cowl.

cueillir, to pick, gathcr.

cuir, m., lcather; skin; étui de

— , lcather holder.

cuirassier, m., cuirassier (sol-

dier wearing a cuir as s, which

■was formerly of lcather, later

of métal).

cuire, to cook.

cuisine,/., kitchen.

cuivre, m., copper, brass fix-

ture.

cul-de-lamp, m., tailpiece.

curé, ;;;., curate, parish priest.

curieusement, curiously, with

curiosity.

curieu-x, -se, curious.

cuve,/., va t.

cygne, m., swan.

dague,/., dirk.

dalle,/., flagstone.

damassé, -e, damasked.

damner (se), to damn oneself.

dandy, m., dandy.

dans, within, in.

danser, to dan ce.

danseu-r, -se, fiancer, dater, to date back, date, davantage, more, any more, de, of, from, with, by, for, to.

débâcle,/., downfall, rout.

débattre (se), to struggle, be

debated.

déborder, to overflow, be full.

déboucher, to uncork, opcn.

aebout, standing ; tout — ,

standing up.

débraillé, -e, carelessly dressed,

open-hearted.

débris, m., pièces, remains.

décavé, m., wreck.

déchiffrer, to decipher, make

out.

déchirure,/., tcar.

déchirement, m., crackling.

déchirer, to tcar up.

décidément, decidedly.

décider, to décide; se — , to

make one's mind up, décide.

décliner, to corne down, décline.

décolorer, to discolor.

déconvenue, /., discomfiture.

mishap.

découdre, to rip up.

découper, to carve, eut.

découpure, /.. carving, sculpture. décourager, to discourage.

découvert, -e, uncovered; à — .

in the open air.

découvrir, to uncover, disco-

ver; se — , to be uncovered

disco vered.

décrocher, to take down.

dédaigneu-x, -se, disdainful.

dédain, m., disdain.

dedans, within, inside; là ,

therein.

dédicace,/., dedication.

dédoré, -e, ungilded.

défendre, to forbid, défend; se

— , to défend oneself.

défi, m., défiance.

défilé, m., filing out or off,

-ing by.

dénier, to défile, file off.

défroque,/., clothing.

dégager (se), to corne out, be

evolved.

dégeler, to thaw.

dégoût, m., disgust.

dégoûté, -e, disgusted, blasé,

surfeited.

dégringoler, to run down, rush

down.

dégrisé, -e, sobered.

déguiser, to disguise, déguster, to sip, relish, taste.

dehors, outside, outdoors; en

— de, outside of.

déià, already.

déjeuner, m., breakfast.

délibérer, to deliberate, diseurs, délicieu-x, -se, delightful, de-

li' ious.

délivrer, to free, deliver.

demain, to-morrow.

demander, to ask; se — , to ask

oneself, wonder.

démence,/., folly, foolishness.

démener i'se). to move rapidly,

hustle, toil, be shaken.

demeure, /.. dwelling, abode.

demeurer, to remain, dwell,

live.

demi, -e, hall; à demi -voix, in

a low tone.

demi-jour, m., dim light.

demi sommeil, m., dozing,

musins;.

demoiselle,/., young lady, dra-

gon fly; — d'honneur, brides-

maid.

démon, m., devil.

démontrer, to demonstrate.

dénouer, to untie.

dénoûment, m., ending, cli-

max.

dentelé, -e, indented, notched.

dentelle, /.. lace, départ, m., departure, leaving.

dépasser, to stick out, go be-

yond.

dépavé, -e, unpaved.

dépaysé, -e, away from home,

out of place, dépêche, /., despatch, tele-

gram.

dépêcher ('se), to hurry.

dépendre, to dépend, dépense,/., expense.

déplacer, to displace, déployer, to unfurl, unfold.

déposer, to place, deposit.

dépôt, m., military station, dépouillé, -e, stripped (of leaves

and trees).

depuis, since, for, from.

déracinement, m., pulling up

by roots, eradication.

déréglé, -e, irrcgular.

derni-er, -ère, last; les — s, the

worst.

déroger, to derogate, degener-

ate, diminish in honor, or

considération, dérouler (se), to open to view,

display oneself.

déroute,/., rout, defeat; en — ,

out of order, routed.

dérouter (se), to be bewildered. derrière, behind.

descendre, to go down, descend, alight, come down,

take down.

descente, /., down grade (of

roads).

désert, -e, deserted.

, déserter, to désert.

désespérer, to drive to despair,

make desperate.

désespoir, m., despair.

désheurer, to change the hours

of one's occupations.

désigner, to designate, point

out.

désillusion,/., disappointment,

disillusion.

désœuvrement, m., idleness.

désoler (se), to become deso-

late.

désorienté, -e, demagnetized.

désormais, henceforth.

dès que, as soon as.

desséché, -e, withered, dried

up.

dessèchement, m., dryness, dry-

ing up.

desserrer, to loosen.

desservir, to clear (of tables).

dessin, m., design.

dessus, on, upon, over; là- — ,

on that subject; par — ,

above, over.

détacher (se), to corne from,

be detached.

détaler, to scamper away.

détendre, to relax, unbend.

détourner, to turn away, drive

off; se — , to turn aside.

détraqué, -e, crazy, out of

order.

détraquer, to put out of order,

throw into confusion.

détrempé, -e, soaked.

détresse,/., distress.

deuil, m., mourning.

deux, two, both.

dévaler, to descend, go down.

devant, before, in front of.

devant, m., front; sur le — , on

the street.

devanture,/., show-window.

déveine,/., ill-luck.

devenir, to become, grow.

dévider (se), to be unwound.

dévisser, to unscrew, remove.

devoir, to owe, ought, should,

must, hâve to.

diable, m., de vil, fellow.

diablerie,/., deviltry.

diamant, m., diamond.

Dieu, m., God; mon — , dear

me! Heavens!

digne, worthy.

dimanche, m., Sunday; —

gras, Shrove Sunday.

diminuer, to diminish.

dîner, m., dinner.

dîner, to dine.

dire, to say, tell, speak; se — ,

to say to oneself; c'est-à ,

that is to say.

diriger, to direct; se — , to go.

discipline,/., discipline, scourge;

se donner la — , to chastise

oneself.

discrètement, discreetly.

discuter, to discuss.

disparaître, to go off, disap-

pear.

dispenser, to excuse.

disperser, to scatter; se — , to

separate, scatter.

disposer, to arrange, fix.

disputer (se), to quarrel.

disséminer, to scatter.

distraction,/., absence of mind,

diversion, récréation; avoir

des — s, to be absent-minded.

distraire, to divert from.

dix, ten.

doigt, m., finger.

domicile, m., résidence.

dominer, to rule, rise above.

donc, now, therefore, then.

donner, to give; open (upon).

dont, of which, whose, of

whom, with which.

doré, -e, golden, gilt. dorénavant, henceforth.

dormir, to sleep.

dorure,/., gilded décoration.

dos, m., back.

doucement, slowly, gently.

doucettement, gently, softly.

douloureu-x, -se, sorrowful.

doute, m., doubt; sans — ,

without doubt.

douter, to doubt; se — , to

suspect.

dou-x, -ce, soft, sweet.

douzaine,/., dozen.

douze, twclve.

doyen, m., dcan.

drap, ;;:., cloth, bcdsheet.

drapeau, m., flag.

dresser, to raisc, set up; se — ,

to sit up, to stand erect, to

be raised.

droit, m., right.

droit, -e, direct, straight, right,

standing.

droite, /., right; de — , to the

right.

drôle, m., rascal, wretch.

drôle, queer, odd.

duc, m., duke.

dur, -e, hard.

durer, to last.

duvet, m., down.

eau,/., water; pièce d' — , pond; — de Seltz, Seltzer water; brise d' — , river breezc; à fleur d' — , along the river; poule d' — , moor-hen; — bénite, holy water.

eau-de-vie, /., brandy.

éblouir, to dazzle.

éblouissement, m., dazzling.

ébouriffement, m., fluttering.

ébranlement, m., perturbation.

ébranler, to shake; s' — , to start off.

ébrécher, to notch.

ébullition, /., ebullition, excitement.

écarlate. scarlet.

écart, m., step aside; à V — ,

aside.

écarté, m., écarté (a game of

cards).

écarter, to push aside; s' — , to

draw aside.

échafaudé, -e, dressed high up.

échgncré, -e, eut down low. échapper, to escape; s' — , to

corne out.

échauffer (s'), to get warm,

warmed up, exciting.

échéance,/., maturity of a note

(business).

échelle, /., ladder.

échine,/., spine, back.

éclabousser, to splash; s' — , to

splash one another.

éclair, m., flash.

éclaircie, /., clearing (of the

sky).

éclairé, -e, light.

éclairer, to light up.

éclat, m., noise, luster, bright-

ness, uproar, shout; — de

voix, lord shout; — de rire,

burst o laughter.

éclatant, -e, dazzling, brilliant,

loud.

éclater, to flash, explode, break

out, blaze out.

école, /., school.

écorce, /., bark.

écoulé, -e, passed, elapsed.

écouter, to listen.

écraser, to crush; s' — , to be

crushed.

écrire, to write.

écriteau, m., sign.

écriture, /., hand-writing; — s,

bookkeeping. écrivain, m., writer.

écrouler (s'), to collapse.

écu, m., crown.

écuelle, /., bowl.

écume, /., foam, froth; poussière d' — , spray.

écureuil, m., squirrel.

iSo

écurie,/., stable, racing stable.

écusson, w.,shield, escutcheon.

effacé, -e, dimmed, indistinct.

effacer (s'), to grow dim, indistinct.

effaré, -e, frightened.

effarer (s'), to be frightened.

effectivement, in effect, really.

effet, m., effect, resuit; en — , in fact, in reality; — s, clothes.

effrangé, -e, frayed.

effrayer, to frighten.

effroi, m., terror, fright.

effronterie,/., boldness, effronté ry.

effroyablement, frightfully.

égal, -e, equal, even; c'est — , just the sa me.

égarer (s'), to wander.

égayer, to amuse, cheer up.

église,/., church.

égoutter (s'), to drip.

élan, m., start.

élancer (s'), to rush, start, run.

élargir, to make wider, widen; s' — , to grow wider, larger.

élever, to lift, raise, breed; s' — , to arise.

elle-même, herself , itself.

éloigner, to drive away; s' — , to go away, get further away.

emballage, m., packing, wrapping; papier d' — , wrappingpaper; toile d' — , packingcloth, burlap.

emballer (s'), to play recklessly, be excited.

emballeu-r, -se, packer.

embarquement, m., embarking.

embarras, «?., embarrassment.

embaumer, to perfume.

embêter (s'), to be bored.

embrasé, -e, burning, in fiâmes, • hot.

embrasser, to kiss, embrace.

embrouillé, -e, not clear, dim.

embusqué, -e, laying in ambuscade.

embusquer (s'), to lay in ambuscade.

émeraude, /., emerald.

émeute, /., riot.

emmener, to take away, lead away.

émotion,/., agitation.

émouvoir (s'), to be moved.

empaillé, -e, stuffed.

empêcher, to prevent.

empesé, -e, starched.

empêtré, -e, entangled.

empiler, to pile up.

emplir, to 611; s' — , to be filled.

emplumé, -e, feathrred.

empoisonner, to poison.

emporter, to take away, carry away, carry; s' — , to fly away.

empreinte,/., mark, trace.

empressé, -e, ofïïcious, assiduous.

empresser (s'), to show politeness, be attentive.

emprisonnement, m., imprisonment.

ému, -e, moved, excited.

en, of it, of them.

encadrer, to frame.

encaisse,/., cash in hand.

encapuchonné, -e, co-.vled.

enchanté, -e, delighted, bewitching, enchanted.

enclume,/., an vil.

encoignure,/., corner.

encombre, m., difficulty, obstacle.

encombrement, m., medley, obstruction, crowd.

encombrer, to fill up, obstruct.

encore, still, yet, again.

encrier, m., inkstand.

endimanché, -e, Sunday-like.

endormi, -e, asleep.

endormir (s'), to go to sleep

endroit, m., place, spot, enfance,/., childhood.

enfant, m., child; — trouvé,

foundling; d' — , when a

child.

enfantin, -e, childish.

enfermer, to shut in, in close;

s' — , to shut oneself up.

enfilade, /., suite; en — , in

suite.

enfin, well, at last, finally.

enflammé, -e, red, inflamed,

blazing, lit up.

enfler, to swell.

enfoncer, to sink; s' — , to sink,

be buried, advance, go fur-

ther.

enfuir (s'), to run away.

enfumé, -e, smoked up, smoky.

engagé, -e, m., enlisted man;

— volontaire, volunteer.

engager, to pawn.

engloutir, to swallow up, en-

gulf.

engourdir, to benumb.

engourdissement, m., numb-

ness.

enlacer, to clasp, entwine.

enlever, to remove, take away;

s' — , to fly away.

ànnui, m., weariness, lone-

someness.

ennuyé, -e, bored.

énorme, enormous.

enragé, -e, eager, fanatical.

enrichir (s'), to grow rich.

enroué, -e, hoarse.

enseigne,/., flag, ensign.

ensemble, together.

ensevelir, to bury.

ensorceler, to bewitch.

ensuite, then, afterwards.

entasser, to pile up; s' — , to be

piled up.

entendre, to hear, understand;

s' — , to hear oneself.

entendu, -e, heard; bien — , of

course.

enterrement, m., funeral; grand

— , solemn funeral.

enterrer, to bury.

entêter (s'), to' be obstinate,

stubborn.

enthousiasmé, -e, enthusiastic.

enti-er, -ère, entire, whole.

entièrement, entirely.

entonner, to intone, begin to

sing.

entourage, m., frame; en —

around, in a circle. entourer, to surround; s' — , be

surrounded.

entrain, m., spirit, excitement.

entraîner, to lead away, carry

away.

entre, between, among.

entrée, /., entrance, edge (of

woods).

entremêler, to intermingle, in-

termix.

entrer, to enter, entrouvrir (s'), to be partly

open.

envahir, to invade.

envaser (s'), to sink in the

mud.

envelopper, to surround, en-

velop.

envi (à 1'), in émulation of one

another.

envie,/., désire, envy; avoir — ,

to feel like; donner — , to

make one feel like.

environnant, -e, surrounding.

envoi, »;., parcel, package,

sending (of books).

envoler (s'), to fly away, fly

up, be blown away.

envoyer, to send.

épais, -se, thick.

épaissir, to thicken.

éparpiller, to scatter; s' — , to

be scattered, scatter.

épars, -e, scattered.

épaule, /., shoulder; lever les

— s, to shrug one's shoulders.

épauler, to press to the shoul-

der (of guns).

épée, /., sword.

éperdu, -e, distracted.

épeuré, -e, frightened.

épi, m., ear (of grains).

éponger, to wipe, sponge.

épouser, to marry.

épouvantable, frightful.

épouvante,/., fright.

épouvanter, to frighten.

épreuve,/., proof.

éprouver, to feel.

éprouvette, /., gauge.

équilibre, m., balance, equi-

librium.

équipage, m., equipment, equiéquiper, to equip. [page,

éraflé, -e, scratched.

éraillé, -e, scratched, frayed.

érailler (s'), to be frayed, dis-

turbed.

errer, to wander.

escabeau, m., stool.

escalier, m., stairway.

escapade,/., prank, lark, frolic.

espacer (s'), to be further

apart.

espèce,/., sort, kind.

espérer, to hope.

espion, m., spy.

esprit, ;;?., mind.

essayer, to try, taste.

essentiel, m., principal thing.

essoufflé, -e, breathless.

essoufflement, m., breathlessessuyer, to wipe. [ness.

essuyeu-r, -se, one who wipes.

estafette,/., courier.

estampe,/., engraving.

étable, /., stable.

établir, to establish, settle.

étage, m., flight of steps, fîoor;

premier — , second floor.

étain, m., tin, pewter.

étalage, show-window, display,

goods exposed for sale.

étaler, to display; s' — , to

stretch out, be displayed

be shown.

étang, m., pond.

étape, /., a day's march, re-

lay.

état, m., state, trade, profession ; major, staff.

été, m., summer.

éteindre (s'),tobeextinguished,

go out, die out, become

quiet, put out.

éteint, -e, put out, extinguished,

finished.

étendard, m., standard, flag.

étendre, to extend, stretch out,

spread.

étendue,/., surface, area.

éterniser, to eternize.

étincelant, -e, sparkling, bril-

liant.

étincelle,/., spark.

étique, lank, emaciated.

étiqueteu-r, -se, labeler.

étiquette,/., label, étirer (s'), to stretch (out).

étoffe,/., cloth, stuff.

étoile,/., star.

étoile, -e, studded.

étonnement, m., astonishment.

étonner, to astonish.

étouffer, to stifle, choke.

étourdir, to stun, deafen, make

dizzy.

étourdissement, m., giddiness,

dizziness.

étourneau, m., starling.

étrange, strange, queer.

étrangler, to choke.

être, m., being.

être, to be; — à, to be on the

point of.

étroit, -e, narrow.

étude,/., study.

étui, m., holder, case; — de

cuir, leather holder.

eux, them, to them, they; chez

— , at home.

eux-mêmes, themselves.

évaporer, to cause to vanish.

éveillé, -e, awake.

éveiller (s'), to awake.

événement, m., event.

évent, m., vapidness; à 1' — ,

thoughtless.

éventail, m., fan; bon coup

d' — , strong fanning.

éventé, -e, tasteless, flat.

éventrer, to burst open.

éviter, to avoid; s' — , to avoid

each other.

exagérer, to exaggerate, carry

too far.

exciter, excite, make lively;

s' — , to excite each other.

exemplaire, m., copy (of books).

exercer (s'), to practise.

exercice, m., exercise; faire

V—, to drill.

exorcisé, -e, exorcised person.

expliquer, to explain; s' — , to

explain oneself.

exposer (s'), to run the risk.

exprès, on purpose.

exquis, -e, exquisite, delightful.

extase,/., ecstasy.

exténué, -e, exhausted.

extravagance, /., folly, wild-

ness.

fabricant, m., manufacturer.

fabrique, /., factory; marque de — , trademark.

fabriquer, to make, manufacture.

face,/., face; en - — , opposite, in front of; regarder quelqu'un en — , to look at some one straight in the eyes.

facette,/., facet, face.

fâché, -e, sorry, angry.

facilement, easily.

façon,/., way, manner; à ia — , in the manner; de — à, in a way to.

factice, factitious, artificial.

faction,/., sentry; être en — , to

be on duty.

factionnaire, m., sentry.

fagot, m., faggot.

faiblesse, /., weak point,

foible.

faïence,/., china, earthen.

faim, /., hunger; avoir — , to

be hungry.

faire, to do, make, say; se — ,

to make for oneself, be

made, become, happen, oc-

cur; ne — que, to do nothing

but; s'y — , to get used; —

— , to hâve made, done.

faisan, m., pheasant.

faisceau, m., stack of arms.

fait, m., fa et.

faîte, m., top.

falloir, to be necessary, must,

ought, should, take.

fameu-x, -se, famous.

famili-er, -ère, familiar.

famille,/., family.

fané, -e, faded.

fanion, m., pennon.

faraud, snobbish; noun, a

swell.

farine,/., flour.

farouche, wild, fierce.

faubourg, m., suburb.

faufiler (se), to steal through,

get through.

faute,/., fault; — de, for want

of.

fauteuil, m., armehair.

fau-x, -sse, false.

favoris, m. plur., whiskers.

fédéré, m., communist, revo-

lutionist.

fée, /., fairy.

fêlure,/., crack, femme,/., wife, woman.

fendre (se), to split, crack.

fenêtre,/., window.

fente, /., crack, fer, m., iron, shot, bullet; lit

de — , iron bedstead; chemin

de — , railroad.

fer -blanc, m., tin.

ferme, hard, firm.

ferme,/., farm-house, farm.

fermer, to close, shut; se — , to

close oneself, be closed.

féroce, fierce, ferocious.

ferraille, m., iron, old iron.

ferré, -e, informed, versed in,

metalled; bâton — , iron-

pointed stick, fête, /., merry-making, festiv-

ity, holiday, festival.

Fête-Dieu, m., Corpus Christi.

fêter, to celebrate, feast, lionize,

fête.

feu, m., fire; — de peloton,

platoon fire; coup de — , gun

shot, report.

feuillage, m., foliage.

feuille, /., leaf; — de route,

route.

feuillet, m., leaf (of books).

feuilleter, to turn over (of the

leaves of a book).

fichu, m., neckerchief.

fier (se), to trust.

fi-er, -ère, proud.

fièrement, proudly.

fierté,/., pride. fièvre,/., fever.

fiévreu-x, -se, fever patient,

feverish.

fifre, m., fife.

figure, /., face; en pleine — ,

right in the face, figurer (se), to fancy, imagine, filature,/., spinning mill.

file, m., line.

filer, to shoot by, move, file by.

filet, m., streak, net; — de

pêche, fishing-net.

fille,/., girl, daughter.

fils, m., son.

filtrer, to percolate, filter.

fin,/., end; toucher à la — , to

be nearly ended; à la — -, finally, at last.

fin, -e, fine beautiful, shrewd.

fini, m., finish, high finish.

finir, to finish, complète, do.

fiole, /., vial; — pharmaceutique, drug bottle.

fixe, fixed, settled, steady, staring.

fixement, fixedly.

flacon, m., bottle, flagon.

flairer, to sniff, scent.

flamant, m., flamingo.

flambant, -e, flaming, bright; — neuf, brand new.

flamber, to flame, shine.

flamboyer, to flame, shine.

flamme,/., flame, fire.

flanc, m., flank, side.

flâne, /., idleness, loitering, lounging.

flâner, to stroll, loiter.

flaque,/., puddle.

flasque, flaboy, lank.

fleur, /., flower; en — , in bloom; à — d'eau (on a level with), along the river.

fleurette,/., little flower.

fleuri, -e, full of flowers, in bloom.

fleuron, m., flowers (illustrations).

fleuve, m., river.

flocon, m., flake.

floraison,/., blooming.

flore,/., flora.

flot, m., flood, wave, sea.

flotter, to float, wave.

foi, /., faith; ma — , upon my fait h, indeed.

foire, /., fair; champ de — , fair-grounds.

fois,/., time; une — , once; à la — , at the same time.

fonctionnaire, m., officiai.

fond, m., bottom, back part, background; au — , at heart; à — , thoroughly; du — ,

back; par le fond — , through

the back door.

fondre, to melt.

fonte,/., cast iron.

force, /., strength, force; à —

de, by dint of.

forcer, to force, compel, oblige;

— la consigne, to break

orders, force an entrance.

forge, /., forge, blacksmith

shop.

forgeron, m., blacksmith.

former, to form; se — , to be

formed, form.

fort, m., strong point.

fort, tightly, strongly, much,

loudly.

fort, -e, strong.

fortement, gaudilv, exceeding-

iy-

fosse,/., ditch.

fossé, «?., moat, ditch.

fossette,/., dimple.

fou, fol, -le, mad, crazy, in-

sane; excessive.

foudroyer, to strike with light-

ning, fall dead, shoot dead.

fouet, m., whip.

fouetter, to whip.

fouillis, m., confusion, entan-

glement.

foule,/., crowd.

fourche,/., pitchfork.

fourgon, m., army van.

fourmi,/., ant.

fourneau, m., furnace.

fournir, to provide, supply,

furnish.

fourré, m., thicket.

fourré, -e, thick.

foyer, m., home, fireplace.

fracas, m., noise.

fracasser, to break to pièces.

fraîchement, freshly, newly.

fraîchir, to blow fresh, fresh-

en.

fra-is, -îche, fresh, cool; de — ,

newly, freshly.

franchir, to cross, pass over,

clcar.

franc -tireur, m., irregular

sharpshooter.

frange, /., fringe.

frapper, to strike, hit; se — , to

strike onesclf.

fredonner, to hum a tune, frémir, to tremble, quivcr,

shake, shudder.

frémissement, m., shudder.

frère, /»., brother, friar.

frétillement, ;;/., wagging, frisk-

ing, wriggling.

frétiller, to frisk, wriggle.

fripé, -e, worn out.

friser, to eu ri.

frisson, m., shiver.

frissonner, to shiver, tremble.

froid, -e, cold; avoir — , to be

cold.

froissement, m., rustling.

froisser, to rumple, bruise.

frôlement, m., rustling noise.

frôler, to corne in contact,

touch slightly; se — , to

touch one another slightly,

pass close to one another.

froment, m., wheat.

froncer, to contra et; — les

sourcils, to frown, knit one's

eyebrows.

front, ni., forehead. fronton, m., pediment.

frotter (se), to rub.

froufrou, m., rustling.

fruiterie,/., fruit store.

fuir, to fiVe, run away.

fuite,/., flight.

fumée,/., smoke, steam.

fumer, to smoke, steam.

funèbre, mournful.

funérailles, /. plur., funeral.

fureter, to search, ferret out.

fureteur, m., searching.

fureur,/., fury.

furieu-x, -se, furious.

fusil, m., shot-gun, rifle; coup

de — , gun shot; à une portés de — , within gun shot.

fusiller, to shoot to death, shoot.

futaie, /., forest of high trees.

futaine, /., fustian.

gagner, to win, gain, earn,

reach, go to.

gai, -e, cheerful, gay.

gaiement, gayly, cheerfully.

gaieté,/., gaiety, mirth.

gaillard, m., fellow.

gaillard, -e, joyful, jolly, lively.

galon, m., petty officer's stripe.

galop, m., gallop; au — , rap-

idly, on a gallop.

galoper, to gallop, run.

gambader, to gambol.

gamelle,/., tin pan, can.

gamin, m., urchin, lad, boy.

gandin, m., dude, dandy, gant, m., glove.

ganter, to glove.

garçon, m., boy, son, man,

waiter; — de magasin, clerk,

salesman; — d'honneur, best

man.

garde, m., guardsman, game-

keeper; — s nationaux, mili-

tia.

garde, /., guard, keeping;

grand' — , advanced guard;

prendre — , to take care; se

tenir sur ses — s, to be on

one's guard.

garde -chasse, m., game-keeper.

garde -pêche, m., river-keeper.

garder, to keep, guard, watch;

se — , to watch oneself; —

de, to be careful not to do

something.

gardien, m., watchman, keeper.

gare, look out.

garenne /., warren.

gars, m., boy, young man.

gauche,/., left; de — , to the left. gaz, m., gas; bec de — , gas

lamp (of streets).

gazon, m., grass.

gazouiller, to prattle, chat, geler, to freeze.

gémir, to moan, groan.

gêne,/., uneasiness, trouble.

gêner, to hinder, embarrass.

généreu-x, -se, generous, noble, génois, -e, Genoese. iknees.

genou, m., knee; à — x, on one's gens, m.f. plur., people, men.

gentiane,/., gentian.

gentilhomme, m., nobleman.

gentiment, gracefully.

gerbe,/., sheaf.

gésir, to lie.

geste, m., gesture.

gibier, m., game.

gigantesque, gigantic.

gilet, m., vest.

girouette,/., weather-vane.

glace, /., mirror, plate-glass,

glass, ice.

glissade,/., slide, sliding; faire

une — , to go sliding.

glissant, -e, slippery.

glisser, to slide down, slip, be

slippery; se — , to steal in.

glorieu-x, -se, glorious.

goéland, m., gull.

golfe, m., gulf.

gonfler, to puff up.

gorge,/., throat.

gourde,/., canteen, gourd, goût, m., taste, liking.

goûter, to taste.

goutte, /., small quantity of

liquor, drop; — à — , drop

by drop, gouttelette,/., little drop, gouverne,/., guidance.

gouverner (se), to govern one^

self.

grâce, /., grâce, mercy, favor;

— à, thanks to.

iS7

grain, m., grain, bean, bit; —

de plomb, shot.

graine,/., seed, grain.

grand, -e, large, great, wide;

tall, grown (up).

grandiose, imposing, grand.

grandir, to make one look

taller.

grand'mère, /., grandmother.

grand-père, m., grandfather.

gras, -se, fat; dimanche — ,

Shrove Sunday; mardi — ,

Shrove Tuesday.

grassouillet, -te, plump.

gratter, to scratch.

gravats, m. plur., rubbish (of

plaster).

gravement, gravely.

gré, m., will, wish; bon — ,

mal — , willing or unwilling. grêle,/., hail.

grelotter, to shiver.

grenier, m., attic.

grenouille,/., frog.

grès, m., sandstone.

griffe, /., claw.

grille, /., wrought-iron gâte.

grimper, to climb, climb up.

gris, -e, gray.

griserie,/., intoxication.

grisonnant, -e, turning gray.

grognement, m., growling.

gronder, to scold.

gros, -se, big, large, coarse,

hearty, heavy (of the sea).

grossi-er, -ère, coarse, com-

mon.

grossir, to grow larger.

grouillement, m., swarming,

crawling.

grouper, to group, gather.

grue, /"., crâne.

guenille,/., rag, tatter.

guère, hardly, scarcely; ne . . .

— , only.

guerre,/., war.

guerrier, m., warrior.

guêtre,/., legging, gaiter.

guetter, to watch, spy.

guetteur, m., watcher, watch-

man.

gueule,/., muzzle (of cannons).

gueux, m., rascal.

guider, to guide; se — , to

guide oneself, make one's

way. guindé, -e, stiff, unnatural.

guipure,/., lace.

guirlande, /., garland.

f ' indicates an aspirate initial h]

habile, skilful.

habiller, to dress; s' — , to dress

oneself.

habit, m., swallow-tail coat.

habitable, inhabitable.

habiter, to inhabit, dwell, live.

habitude, /., habit, custom;

d' — , usually.

habitué, -e, regular fréquenter,

habitué.

habituer, to use, accustom.

'hacher, to eut up.

'haie,/., hedge, line.

'haillon, m., rag, tatter.

'haïr (se), to hâte each other.

haleine,/., breath; tout d'une

— , ail in one breath.

'hâler, to burn (by the sun).

'haletant, -e, panting.

'haleur, m., tracker.

'hallebrand, m., young wild

duck.

'halte,/., hait, stop.

'hamac, m., hammock.

'hampe,/., staff (of flags).

'hangar, m., shed.

'hanter, to haunt.

'happer, to snap up, catch.

'harassé, -e, tired out, ex-

hausted. 'harceler, to harass, forment 'hardes, /. plur., clothes.

'hardi, -e, bold.

'hasard, m., chance, hazard;

par, au, — , by chance, by

accident, 'hâte, /., haste, impatience,

eagerness.

'hâter (se), to hasten, hurry.

'haut, m., top; en — , at the

top; du — en bas, from top

to bottom; tout en — , very

high.

'haut, -e, high, tall, lofty,

loudly; haut! up!; là ,

up there, above, up-stairs;

en — , up-stairs.

'hauteur, /., height, altitude,

top.

'hâve, wan, emaciated.

hein, hey!

hélas, alas.

héhce, /., screw (of boats),

propeller.

herbe, /., grass, herb, ^yeed.

'herse,/., harrow. hésiter, to hesitate.

heure,/., hour, o'clock; tout à

1' — , after a while, a while

ago; de bonne — , early; sur

1' — , at once, heureusement, fortunately , hap-

pily.

heureu-x, -se, happv, cheer-

ful.

hier, yesterday; — soir, last

night.

hirondelle,/., swallow.

'hisser, to lift, hoist.

histoire, /., fib, story, history.

historiette,/., short story, taie, hiver, m., winter.

hivernal, -e, wintry.

'homard, m., lobster.

homme, m., man, husband; —

de lettres, literary man,

writer.

honnête, honest.

honnêtement, honestly.

honneur, m., honor; garçon

d' — , best man.

'honte,/., shame; avoir — , to

be ashamed.

'honteu-x, -se, ashamed,

shameful.

horloge,/., clock 'hors, out; — de, out of.

hôte, m., guest. hôtel, m., mansion, hôtel.

'houblon, »!., hop vine; perche

à — , hop pôle.

'houle,/., sea.

'huche,/., kneading-trough.

huile,/., oil.

huis, m., door.

'huit, eight.

humoristique, humorous.

'hurler, to howl.

hypocrite, hypocritical.

ici, hère; c'est bien — , this is

the place, if, ;»., yew tree.

île, /., island.

illuminer (s'), to be illumi-

nated.

îlot, m., i?let.

imaginer to imagine, fancy ;

s'--, to fancy, imagine, imbécile, ;»., fool.

immobile, motionless, immov-

able.

immortelle, /., everlasting,

immortelle.

impatienté, -e, out of patience.

impatient.

implanter (s'), to be fixed, take

root, impressionner, to make an impression upon, impress.

imprimeur, m., printer.

inabordable, unapproachable.

inachevé, -e, unfinished, un-

completcd.

inamovible, irremovable.

inattendu, -e, unexpected.

incessamment, incessantly.

incliner (s'), to bow, incline,

bend.

inconnu, -e, unknown.

inconscient, -e, unconscious,

mechanical.

incroyable, incredible.

inculte, uncultivated, unpol-

ished, rude, indigné, -e, indignant.

indiscipliné, -e, in disorder,

undisciplined.

ùidustrieu-x, -se, industrious.

inégal, — e, unequal, uneven.

inextinguible, inextinguishable.

infortuné, -e, unfortunate, un-

happy.

infuser, to steep, infuse.

ininterrompu, -e, unbroken,

uninterrupted.

injure,/., insuit.

innombrable, innumerable.

inondation, /., flood, inunda-

tion.

inouï, -e, unheard of.

inqui-et, -ète, anxious, dis-

quieted.

inquiéter, to disturb, make

anxious; s' — , to care.

inquiétude,/., anxiety.

inscrire, to inscribe.

insomnie, /., sleeplessness, in-

somnia.

insouciance, carelessness.

installer (s'), to sit down, install

oneself.

institut, m., institute.

interdit, -e, abashed, confused.

intéressant, -e, interesting.

intéresser, to interest.

intérêt, m., interest.

interrogatoire, m., question-

ing.

interrompre, to interrupt, stop,

break; s' — , to stop, interrupt oneself.

intime, intimate; secret, re-

tired.

intraduisible, inexpressible, untranslatable.

inutile, useless, unused.

inventaire, ;;;., inventory.

inventer, to invent.

ironique, ironical.

irrévérencieu-x, -se, irreverent.

disrespectful.

irrité, -e, angry, irritated.

isolé, -e, separated, isolated.

ivoire, m., ivory.

ivre, intoxicated, drunk.

jaillir, to burst out, spring.

jamais, never, ever.

"jambe,/., leg.

japonais, -e, Japanese.

jaquette,/., coat, jacket.

jardin, ;»., garden.

jardiner, to garden.

jardinier, m., gardener.

jarre,/., jar.

jaser, to gossip, talk.

jaune, yellow, sallow.

javelle,/., sheaf (of wheat).

jeter, to cast, throw, exclaim,

utter; — à bas, to pull down;

se — , to throw oneself, throw

to one another.

jeton, m., chip.

jeu, m., game.

jeûne, m., fast, fasting.

jeune, young.

jeunesse, /., young people,

youth.

joie,/., joy.

joindre, to join, get together.

joli, -e, pretty, charming, de-

lightful.

joue,/., cheek.

jouer, to play, gamble; se — ,

to be played, acted. joueu-r, -se, gambler, player.

joujou, m., toy.

jour, m., dayîight, day, open-

ing, gap, light ; au — tombant, at nightfall, dusk; faire — , to be daylight; tous les —s, every day; en plein — , in broad daylight; au petit — , at daybreak; — de l'an, New Year's day.

journal, m., newspaper.

journée,/., day.

joyeusement, joyfully, cheerfully.

joyeu-x, -se, cheerful, joyful.

juge, m., judge, justice.

juger, to judge, reckon.

jupe,/., skirt.

jurer, to swear.

juron, m., oath.

jusque, even, until, to.

juste, just; tout — , just exactly.

képi, m., military cap.

là, there; haut, up there,

above; bas, over there;

— -dessus, on that point;

par-ci par- — , hère and

there.

laboratoire, m., laboratory.

laboureur, m., plowman.

lâche, m., coward.

lâcher, to let go.

lai, m., lay; frère — ,lay brother.

laine,/., wool.

laisser, to leave, let, allow;

se — , to allow oneself, suffer

oneself.

lait, m., milk; enfant de — ,

child at the breast.

lambeau, m., rag, pièce, lambris, m., wainscoting, pan-

nelling.

lame,/., billow, surge.

lamenter (se), to moan, bewail.

lancer, to utter, throw, shoot

forth, dart; se — , to throw

oneself.

langue,/., tongue; coup de — ,

lapping.

languir, to languish.

languissant, -e, languid.

lapidaire, m., lapidary.

lapin, m., rabbit. laquai, m., lackey,. valet.

lard, m., sait pork.

large, broad, wide.

large, m., breadth; avoir du — ,

tohave plentyof open ground;

de long en — , up and down;

au — , in the offing.

larme,/., tear.

larmoyant, -e, tearful.

las, -se, tired, heavy (of air), lasser (se), to get tired, tire, lassitude,/., weary appearance,

weariness.

latte,/., straight sword.

laver, to wash.

lazaret, m., lazaretto.

lécher, to lick.

lect-eur, -rice, reader.

lecture,/., reading.

lég-er, -ère, slight, light, light-

hearted; faire à la — e, to

slight over.

légèrement, slightly, lightly.

légèreté, levity.

léguer, to bequeath; se — , to

be bequeathed.

lendemain, m., the following

day.

lentement, slowly.

lenteur,/., slowness.

lentille,/., lense.

lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles, that, which.

lettre,/., letter, type; — s, let-

ters; homme de — , man of

letters, writer; tête de — ,

letter-head.

leur, them, to them, of them,

thev; from them.

leur, -s, their.

lever, m., rising.

lever, to raise, lift, rise, fly up; — les épaules, to shrug one's shoulders;se — ,torise,get up.

lèvre,/., lip.

libraire, m., bookseller.

librairie, /., book store; commis en — , publisher's clerk.

libre, free.

lieu, m., place; tenir — de, to hold the place of, replace; au — de, instead of.

lieue,/., league.

lièvre, m., hare.

ligne,/., infantry, line.

lilas, m., lilac.

lire, to read; se — , to be read.

liséré, m., strip.

lisière,/., edge.

lit, m., bed; — de fer, iron bedstead.

livraison,/., delivery (of goods)