V. B2S.—Màtzner

P. 38, 1. 19. Aussi le trouvez-vous campé dans un chenil — this is why you find him lodged in a kennel. In this sentence the nomi-

native cornes after the verb, as it does generally in sentences constructed with en vain, iieut-Ctre encore, à peine, and similar expressions.

P. 38, 1. 22. Donnant sur — opening on.

P. 38, 1. 2S. En vous passant par les mains— in passing tlirough your hands.

P. 39, 1. 22. Par trop Allemand — too mucli of a German ; comp. our expression, " too élever by lialf."

P. 40, 1. 15. Faire parler de vous — get yourself taUied abont.

P. 40, 1. 28. Tous les instincts orgueilleux qui étaient demeures jusqu'alors endormis dans son ô.me s'éveillèrent insensihlement — ail the prond instincts Avhich had till then slumLerod in liis soûl, insensibly awoke.

P. 40, 1. 30. On parlait si haut de son génie qu'il finit par y croire, et par accepter l'admiration générale comme un hommage qui lui était dû — people talked so loudly of his genius, that he ended by believing in it, and accepted the gênerai admiration as a bornage which was due to bim.

P. 41, 1. 12. Enchaîné dans son inspiration — ■v\itb Lis inspii'ation sbacliled.

P. 41, 1. 16. Les défauts de ces créations hâtives, en flétrissant du nom d'avidité — the faults of thèse hasty créations, wbile they branded with the name of greediness, etc.

P. 42, 1. 5. Il sentait d'ailleurs, au fond des railleries dont on le poursuivait, un reproche exagéré mais juste — Le felt, moreover, that underneath the sneers with which they beset him, there was a just although exaggerated reproach. D'ailleurs, cf. p. 26, 1. 21, n.

P. 42, 1. 10. Se déhatiit—stvuggled.

P. 42, 1. 16. A laquelle il faillit succomber — to which he was ail but succumbing. Cf. p. 13, 1. 13.

P. 42, 1. 19. Qui acheva de le remettre — which succeeded in restoring him.

P. 42, 1. 30. Le succès est comme la fortune, il faut le prendre aux cheveux — success is like fortune, we must take it by the forelock.

P. 43, L 4. Vogue. Comp. voyage — Ger. wagen — Eng. "under way."

P. 43, 1. G. NefCd-cequepour — were it only for : 7ie...que, p.3,l.lS,n.

P. 43, 1. 16. Pour m' enlever. The vie is the dative of the Eem. Obj. Lat. Prim. § 104.

P. 44, 1. 15. T'ente heureux, jeune et fort, il s'en allait désespéré, vieilli et mortellement atteint — he had corne happy, young, and strong; he T.-as going avray hopeless, aged, and mortally wounded. Venu cannot be rendered in English by a single word. Comp. p. 4, 1. 7.

P. 44, 1. 30. Echoué — wrecked, "from cai'.tes?^' — IHez.

P. 45, 1. 11. De faire les veillées près de son foyer — to spend the ëvenings by her fireside. — "Près de, éveille généralement une idée de proximité. A^qjrës de, à l'idée de proximité ajoute souvent celle d'assiduité."

P. 45, 1. 14. Qu'était-ce que tout cela — vrhat was ail that compared with the world he had passed through ? — Though the particle que is in fact the only Connecting link between the principal sentence and its subordinate sentence, yet the corrélative démonstrative ce is added to indicate the relation to the relative adverb. The same is observable in Latin — Extremum illud. est ut te orem. Cic. ad fam. iv. 13.

P. 46, 1. 10. Ce qui amenait le prêtre — he understood what brought the priest [to him].

P. 46, 1. 20. Tôt ou tard, etc. — sooner or later I must hâve suffered the penalty of my mistake. Would that it may only serve as a wai-ning.

P. 46, 1. 27. Non pour le profit, etc. — not for profit's sake, but as a duty ; for hère below joy belongs only to simple soûls.

UN SECEET DE MEDECIST.

P. 47, 1. 5. Et l'on n'aperçoit plus ..que quelques, etc. — and iu this broad highway, intended for the trains of can-iages and hunting retinue...one sees nothing but some belated passengers. etc. For a similar passage, cf. p. 35, 1. 27. — regagnent à la hâte — who are hastily making for, etc. ; à la hâte — dat. of manner. Cf. Farrai-'s Gr. Syntax, § 54, 3.

P. 47, 1. 11. Il en ouv7-it lui-métne la porte au moyen d'une petite clef — he opened the door himself by means of a small key. En, gen. sing., governed by porte.

P. 47, 1. 13. Eez -de-chaussée — ground floor. Eez, from an oldpart. ris — rasus (comp. radere litus ), ou a level. Chaussée, Eng., causeway. L. (via) calceata. For the change of c into ch,

see Y». 33, 1. 2:), n ; for the change of tlie second c into s, compare voisin, vicinus ; raisin, racenus ; saussaie, salicetum.

P. 47, 1. 17. Ce luxe faux et, pour ainsi dire, regretté — that false, and so to speak, melancholy luxury which tells of the sacrifice that has been made to the requirements of [a man's] position.

P. 48, 1. G. De retrancher sur le nécessaire, etc. — to retrench in (lit, to encroach upon) necessaries in order to provide themselves with superfluities.

P. 48, 1. 14. Pour ne point repousser. Cf. p. 14, 1. 21, n.

P. 48, 1. 20. Sœur Anne. See the délectable History of Elue Beard.

P. 48, 1. 26. Aiguillonné — stung. Aiguille — a needle. " Not from aculeus." — Diez. See Brachet's Dict. Etym.

P. 49, 1. 2. Près d'un hospice qu'un legs philanthropiqtie allait permettre d'élever dans le voisinage — at a hospital which, by help of a charitable legacy, was about to be erected in the ueighbourhood. Hospice — L. hospes ; whence hôpital and hôtel. Voisinage — L. vicinus, viens.

P. 49, 1. 4. L'appuyer — to support him. Sub., appui. Comp. L. ad ijositus. Trench, in his Studxj of Words, gives some Eng. derivatives very ingeniously deduced from the same root. N'avaient pas trop — lit., "had not too much." Transi. . .had quite enough to do with ail their influence to help themselves.

P. 49, 1. 9. Qu'un concurrent mieux servi l'avait emporté — that a competitor better backed had gained the day.

P. 49, 1. 21. Huissier — L. ostiarius. Comp. our Usher.

P. 49, 1. 26. Et qu'il avait recueillie tout enfant — and whom he had adopted when quite a child. Recueillie ; comp. Eng. cuil.

P. 49, 1. 28. Gages — L. vas, whence vadimonium. Comp.vespa — guCpe. Vastare— (/i-'ier, etc. See Max Miiller, 2nd Ser., p. 265. Brachet's Gram., p. 64.

P. 49, 1. 31. Bu reste — for the rest.

P. 50, 1. 7. Les quelques livres — thefewbooks. Compare the Greek

use of Tivfs with the article, and in Latin " aliquos

vigintidies." Plaut. Men. V., 5, 47. " Some twenty days or so."

P. 50, 1. 14. L'occasion de rapports de voisinage, etc. — had become the occasion of some neighbourly intercourse, restricted, however, to [mère] short interviews.

P. 50j 1. 18, Traversant vivement. Adverbs are generally placed after verbs in the simiDle tenses ; before the part, in comp. tenses; but never between the subject and the verb.

P. 51, 1. 3. Puis-je. In interrogations, for the sake of eui^hony, puis is used instead of peux, with the pron. je.

P. 51, 1. 16. Et soiis quelque prétexte, n'est-ce pas ?— on some excuse, then, I suppose. This idiom of putting n'est-ce pas ? at the end of a question implies a slight shade of doubt on the part of the questioner as to what the answer is going to be.

P. 51, 1. 23. Laissé voir — lit., allowed the seeing. Cf. p. 3, 1. Il, n.

P. 52, 1. 1. SeMiZ— threshold. L. solium. Comp. feuil, folium.

P. 52, 1. 3. Si le seau n'était point resté au puits — if the bucket had not beenleftatthewell. Seau — L. siteUa. Comp. p. 3, 1. 19, n.

P. 52, 1. 16. Celui — scil. le regard,

P. 52, 1. 22. Aussi. At the beginning of a sentence "accordingly," cf. p. 8, 1. 10, and p. 38, 1. 19.

P. 52, 1. 23. Qui s'approchait du lit à t'ïtons — who approached the bed groping his way. Tâionner, to gi'ope in the dark. Marcher à tâtons, to walk Tvarily.

P. 52, 1. 26. Echu — échoir. L. ex-cadere. Terme is first " a fixed point of time," — L. terminus — then the sum due at that time. It is used in this latter sensé hère.

P. 53, 1. 1. Au besoin — in case I want it.

P. 53, 1. 7. Veuillez vous asseoir — hâve the goodness to be seated. Veuillez, second plui-. imp. o? vouloir — be so good as; when we command, we use voulez instead of veuillez, as faites WJi effort, voulez seulement. Note the distinction between 6f\w and fioûKo/xai in Greet, and the confusion in the use of " shall" and " will" by Irishmen.

P. 53, 1. 15. Pour ne pas garder de feu. So as not to keep up the fire. Gêner, from Gehenna, the valley of Hinnom. See Max MiiUer, Ser. 2, p. 239.

P. 53, 1. 16. Qua^id on tient à riouer les deux bouts- — when we are bent on making both ends meet. Nouer, nœud— L. nodus.

P. 53, 1. 21. Autrefois en faillite — who had failed formerly.

P. 53, ]. 22. Il n'en répétait pas moins — he did not repeat it the less. In the position of pronouns, en is placed next the verb ;

182 XOTES.

// betbre en ; lut, leur, before i/ and en ; le, la, Ja^, beforo lui and leur ; and me, te, se, nous, vous, before ail the others.

P. 53, 1. 26. Et la révolution pour les nobles, etc. ; i.e., nobles wlio ■\vonld hâve been penniless, whether there had been a révolution or not.

P. 53, 1. 27. Eut l'air d'abonder, etc. — an idiomatic expression— ajDpeared cntirely to agrée ivitli the sick man. Abonder dans son sens, to be very fond of ouo's own opinion. Abonder dans le sens de quelqu'un, to agrée eutirely with any one.

P. 53, 1. 28. Ses yeux, qui s' accoutumaient, etc. — his eyes, which xverc hecomiug accustoined to the darkness, were beginning to distinguish the face of the old raau streaked with red blotches, that showedj etc. Note the imperfect.

P. 54, 1. 2. Ecouta sa respiration entrecoupée — listened to his fitful breathing. Ecouta — L. auscultare.

P. 54, 1. 7. S'était engagé dans, etc.— had become taken up with detailing, etc.

P. 54, 1. 14. Lui fit respirer des sels, etc. — made hiin inhale some siuelling salts, which he always carried about him, etc.

P. 54, 1. 22. Redressa la tête, et souffla la chandelle qu'il éteignit — raised his head again, and puffed at the candie which he extinguished.

P. 55, 1. 15. Et je crains qu'il ne les refuse — and I ain afraid of his

refusing theni. Comp. K. L. Gr. § 181 (c) obs. 3.

(i.) After verbs of fearing in French — If tJie fear is that soviething

iciU happen — the verb in the subordinate clause is preceded

by the particle ne : e.g. — Vous avez bien peur que je ne change

d'airs. You are afraid that I shall change my opinion.

(ii.) If the fear is that something will not happen — the verb in the

subordinate clause is preceded by ne-pas : e.g. — Je crains

qu'il n'arrive pas — I am afraid of his not arriving. (iii.) If the verb espressiug fear be used either (a) negatively, OR (6) interrogativeli/, the subordinate clause dispenses with the négative particles : e.g. — (fl). Je ne tremble pas — qu'il arrive. I am not afraid — of his arriving.

Hélas ! on ne craint pas — qu'il venge un jour son père. On craint qu'il ;i'essuyât les larmes de sa mère.

(Racine, Andromaque, I., se. iv.) (h). Craignez vous—q}XQ mes yeux versent trop peu de larmes? (iv.) If the verb expressing fear be used both negatively and inierroijatively, the particle ne is again requh-ed : e.g. — Ne craignez vous pas — qu'il ne vienne ?

XOTES. 183

p. 55, 1. 19. Souffrait de — ■«vas pained at.

P. 55, r. 26. Pour décider. The pui-pose of an action is expressed hy poJtr witli the infinité. N.B. Èot pour que. See j). 14, 1- 21, n.

P. 55, ]. 27. A plusieurs reprises — over and over again.

P. 56, 1. 2. A travers ses alternatives, etc. — with his intervais of fever and insensibility, the old man was sinking every day. A travers requires no de after it; au travers does; au travers, through an obstacle and in spite of it ; à travers, across simply : e.^.. L'aiguille passe au travers de la peau qu'elle perce. On ne voyait le soleil qu' à travers les nuages. Le jour qui passe entre les nuages passe à travers ; celui qui passe dans le corps d'un nuage passe au travers.

P. 56, 1. 28. En ne voulant être que son maître, etc. — though only wishing to be her master, Duret had been a support for her.

P. 56, 1. 30. ^lais qu'allait-elle devenir — but what was going to become of her ?

P. 57, 1. 7. C'était un de ces paysans madrés qui se font grossiers pour avoir l'air franc — he was one of those cunning peasants who make a show of rudeness in order to appear straightforward. 2Iadré, a coiTuptionof marbré, from L. marmor, marbled, slippery, sly ,- as in this sentence. Grossier, from gros. L. orassus. FrajîC derived from the Franks ; at first a national epithet ; through their character it came to involve a moral distinction ; and hence the word frank expresses ail that is gênerons, straightforwai'd and free. Paysan, like our word " peasant," is only another form of the word " pagan," and ail are but " dialectic varieties" of the san:e Latin word paganus — a villager.

P. 57, 1. 9. Pour faire croire à ce qu'ils diseiit — to gain crédit for what they say. Lit., to make believe in what they say. Cf. p. CD, 1. 26.

P. 57, 1. 14. Le regarda de côté — gavehim a side glance. Coté, with an acute accent on the final e, signifies side ; L. costa ; without an accent on the final e, it signifies coast.

P. 57, I. 21. Faut pas (see p. 21, 1. 10, n) — il ne faut pas.

P. 57, 1. 23. Vous êtes hô.ti à chaux tt à sable — you are built of lime and sand ; i.e., you'i-e a tough one ! Chaux, lime. L. cals.

P. 58, 1. 8. Avec un échantillon de notre piqueton, etc. — with a sample of our this yeai''s wine ; you must taste it, that will refresh your insides ! Piquette or jnqueton is strictly the washing of the wine casks — hence any poor wine — what brewers caU "smalls."

p. 58, 1. 15. Et farte d'ailleurs, etc. — confirmed, moreover, by the entire liberty which had been allowed lier by, etc.

P. 58, 1. 24. Bonne chère. Chère is derived from a L. L. word cara, meaning " the face," heuce faire bonne chère — to give one a welcome, to entertain a man lieartily, and so to giveiim good méat and drink. Comp. our expression, " to put a good face upon a matter."

P. 59, 1. 7. Congé (in Provençal comjat) L. commeatus. See Brachet's Dict.

P. 59,1. 9. Narquois. ..slj, ciinning. "Naricare, 7ifl7"(72«ois,sneering, is from narquois, slang { prop. nasal, sneering talk), with the same suffix as pat-ois, clerqu-ois." — Diez.

P. 59, 1. 14. Bégaya Duret à moitié ivre — stammered Duret half drunk. Moitié, comp. L. medietas ; French midi, minuit, and milieu, etc.

P. 59, 1. 10. Ils font la cour à ma succession avec des oies — they are courting my property with their geese.

P. 59, 1. 21. Un placement, voisin, un placement à mille pour un — an investment, neighbour, an investment — a thousand for one. Only mille, a mile, can take an s in the plural; mille, a thousand, never. Comp. K. L. Gr. 171 (6).

P. 59,1. 26. Auriez-vous le projet, etc. The Irishism, "Tou'd be after, etc." best expresses the force of the conditional hère.

P. 59, 1. 30. Dans le cas où. Cf. 19, 1. 6, n.

P. 60, 1. 13. T.a surexcitation à laquelle il venait de s'exposer avait usé chez lui les derniers ressortes de la vie, et, par suite, hâté la crise suprême— the over-excitement to which he had just exposed himself, had worn out in him the last resources of life, and, consequently, hastened the final crisis. The relative, lequel (L. qualis) is identical in meaning with qui, and agrées in gender and number with its antécédents.

P. 60, 1. 29. Se tordaient les mains — wrung his hands.

P. 61, 1. 5. Se reprendre à la vie. A la vie, dat. of remoter

object, the nearer object is se.

P. 61. 1. 26. C'était, etc. Ce, cela, or il, are used aceording to the degree of emphasis we wish to give the phrase ; il is used in a vague sensé, ce, more positively : as Quelle heure est-ce, signifies What o'clock is that ! whereas Quelle heure est-il is, What o'clock isit?

P. 61, 1. 29. Faute d'un plus digne — for want of a worthier.

p. 62, 1. 2. Ils venaient d'apprendre, etc. — tliey had just learnt that the succession was open, i.e., that it was " open" to the lieir to prove bis riglits to it.

P. 63, 1. 5. Breuvages, heurage, heverage — L. bibere. Cf. Brachet's Dict, s. V.

P. 63, 1. 11. J'aurais peur de gêner les parents — I should be airaid of

annoying the relatives. J'aurais peur. "When a verb and a substantive are so closely connected as to form but one idea, the article is omitted before the substantive, as hère and in the similar expressions— /aire pitié, avoir mal, etc.

P. 63, 1. 15. Condamné pour escroquerie — condemned for swindling.

P. 63, 1. 22. Ils en ont le droit — they hâve a right to it.

P. 63, 1. 23. C'est ce qu'il faut savoir — that is what we must know.

P. 64, 1. 9. Serait-il. Cf. p. 59, 1. 26, n.

P. 64, 1. 22. Le bourgeois est donc son parent, etc. — the fellow is her relation then, to take up her interests in that way.

P. 65, 1. 17. Pour sauvegarder les nôtres — to protect our own. Les nôtres. Cf. p. 12, 1. 10, n. The disjunctive pronouns le nôtre and le vôtre, hâve the cii'cumflex accent. The conjunctives, notre and votre hâve not.

P. 65, 1. 25. Scellés. Comp. shield, shilling [slciîling], scutum. Cf. Brachet's Dict. "sceau".

P. 65, 1. 26. Ici les époux Tricot — hère Mr. and Mrs. Tricot. Epoux — L. sponsus. Comp. the Eng., The Misses So and So — the Brothers Cheeryble, etc.

P. 66, 1. 17. Dotit la colère jusqu'alors reprimée n'avait fait que grossir, whose rage, hitherto repressed, had only gone on gi-owlnc.

P. 66, 1. 19. Etoffe— Tj. stuppa, tow. Cf. p. 1, 1. 2, n.

P. 66, 1. 22. Tous deux — signifies l'u7i avec Vautre. Tous les deux — l'un et l'autre.

F. 66, 1. 27. Tourné Vceil—died.

P. 66, 1. 28. Faudra. Cf. p. 21, 1. 10, n.

P. 66, 1. 29. Hors — foris. Comp./a/co, hawk, andsee Neic Cratylus, 0. viii. § 2. Brachet's Gram., p. 66.

P. 67, 1. 1. Se jeta à sa rencontre. Se is the " nearer," rencontre the "remoter object" of jeta. Comp. "quum se telis hostium objecisset."

P. 67, 1. 4. Passer au bleu. Comp. " beat black and bluej" épousseter, poussière. Cf. poudre, powder, pulvis.

186 XOTES.

p. G7j 1. 7. En menarant du. poinr^ — threateniiig witli lier fist. Menacer, from L. miuse. C haviiig a soft sound in tho iuf. préserves the Sound throughout tbe verb ; when, thereforc, the c cornes before a or o, it is marked with a ccdilla. Corapare above, p. 22, 1. 16, n. Foing — L. pugnus, a fist.

P. 68, 1. 1. Adieu. From à Dieu — to God (I commend tliee). As Eng. Good-bye, -whicli is contracted from " God be witli you."

P. 6S, 1. 2i. Et le jardin en friche— anathe gavdQnELXvaste — untiUed.

P. 69, 1. 5. La margelle à demi écroulée — the cornice half crambled away displayed at intervais some wide cracks, etc.

P. C9, 1. 11. La jnerre de taille-, etc. — the coping firmly supported [wedged] had kept the perpendicular. Taille, fi'om L. talea, " a cutting." Comp. tally, tailor, entail. See Biez.

P. 69, 1. 14. S'être penché, i.e., après s'être penché.

P. 69, 1. 23. Près de quitter — on the point of leaving.

P. 69, 1. 30. Aufait—hy the bye.

P. 70, 1. 4. Far de moindres cailloux — by smaller pebbles. Cailloux, calculas.

P. 70, 1. 9. Un coffret cerclé de fer — a small iron-bound box.

P. 70, 1. 17. Casseife— capsetta (?) dim. of capsa. Cf. Brachet's Dict. "caisse".

P. 70, 1. 31. De soustraire son héritage à l'avidité. Soustraire is Tvhat the Lat. Primer calls "atrajective verb, compounded ■with sub," and requu'es a dative, L. Privi. § 106 a.

P. 71, 1. 1. Afin d'en doter celle qui lui avait tenu lieu de fille— in order to portion with it her who had been to him as a daughter. Doter — L. dos.

P. 71, 1. 13. Chacun ferait main basse, etc. — Faire main basse is an expression for unsparing robbery — cach one would lay his hands on what he coidd clutch.

P. 71, 1. 17. Quelque convaincantes que ces raisons partissent — however convincing thèse arguments appeared. Quelque, a,dv. Quelque when modifying an adj. or aclv. is written in one word. When foUowod by a verb it is written in two words ; and quel agrées in gender and number with the subject of the verb. Cf. p. 1, 1. 14, n. Parussent, from paraître.

P. 71, 1. 21. Il sentait confusément, etc. — he had a confused feeling that he was substituting his own justice for society's, and that

lie -was leaving the precincts of law by that perilous gâte of the feelings and [bis own] préférences.

P. 73, 1. 1. En balbutiant ces mots avec hh attendrissement mCîé de honte — stammering thèse words -witli a tenderness mixed with shame. Balbutiant — D. balbus. Comp. "babbling."

P. 73, 1. 6. Xoiiveavxnés. On thèse compounds, and the uncertainty as to the formation of their plurals, see Qram, des Gram., p. 171.

P. 73, 1. 16. Si je vous faisais tout à coup plus riche que vous ne l'avez jamais rêvé — if I made you aU at once richer than yoii ever dreamed of. Tout à coup, suddenly. Cette maison est tombée tout rt coup — Tout d'un coup, ail at one tirne, il gagna mille francs tout d'un coup. Jamais — ever or never. Comp. déjà, jadis, java.; and see Brachet's Gram.,'p. 157.

P. 73, 1. 24. Montra — showed; hence montre, a watch, that which shows the time.

P. 73, 1. 2S. En fondant en larmes — bursting into tears.

P. 75, 1. 16. Ce dépôt n'est point à moi — this deposit is not mine. Dépôt, old Fr. depost, L. depositus. A moi. The idea of possession is often erpressed by à moi, à toi, etc., after the verb être. Cf. K. L. Gr. § 120, obs. i.

P. 75, 1. 22. N'avait pu fausser sa droiture — had not been able to distort her sensé of right.

P. 76, 1. il. Il trouva une liasse de billets de banque — he found a bundle of bank -notes. Liasse — L. licia(?).

P. 78, 1. 1. Qu'environnent, etc.- — The construction is Les environs de

21 olsheim, parsemés de hameaux que des pâturages fertilisés

environnent, et [parsemés] de terres présentent, etc., etc. The

subject of the vexh 2}résentent is les environs (Lat. Prim. § 87, 13). The subject of environnent is the paetitive gexitite des pâturages. In French the partitive gen. does not need any partitive Word before it, as in Lat. (Lat. Frim. § 130), norisit onlyused objectively as in Greek (Farrar's Gr. Syntax, § 46), but, as hère, it frequently serves as the subject of a verb — it is to be translated in English by " some."

P. 78, 1. 4. L'aspect plantureux — the cared-for appearance.

P. 78, 1. 9. Jaune— L. galbinus. Comp. G. gelb, in old High G. " gelo," -whence our yeUow.

P. 78, 1. 22. Les hommes faits pour échapper aux soucis du ménage — middle-aged men to escape domestic cares. Soucis, solicitus. Causer de lAaisirs — chat about their amusements.

P. 79, 1. 2. Estaminets — smokingrooms. A word derived from the Flemish, and generally applied to a second-rate café.

P. 79, 1. 5. Eeconnaissable au soin. Comp. the casual dative in Greek (Madvig's Gr. Syntax, § 11, 42), and the idiom "kennen an " in German.

P. 79, 1. 7. Bans toute la force de l'âge, mais dont la physionomie sillonnée portait les traces de violentes passions — in the fall vigour of manhood, but whose fui-rowed face bore traces of violent passions. Dans — the definite article is seldom used after en, but always after dans. Sillonnée, furrowed — L. sulcus.

P. 79, 1. 9. Son costume indiquait moins le paysan que l'ouvrier — his dress bespoke the workman rather than the peasant. Moins. The comparative of inferiority is formed by prefixing moins, "less," and rendering " than" by que.

P. 79, 1. 14. Un verre de plus — another glass.

P 79, 1. 17. Qu'on hii donne place/ — make room for him. This use of que resembles the Greek use of àis with the optative for expressing a wish. The more correct idiom is faire place, as at p. 80, 1. 13.

P. 79, 1. 17. Faisait les frais— was standing treat.

P. 79, 1. 25. Dès qu'il fut à portée de la voix, tous les iuveurs se mirent à l'appeler — as soon as he was within hearing, ail the drinkers began to call him.

P. 79, 1. 27. Aller à sa rencontre. Cf. p. 67, 1. 1, n.

P. 79, 1. 30. C'est donc là que vous adressez à Dieu les prières du dimanche — so then this is the place [lit., it is there] where you offer your Sunday prayers to God.

P. 80, 1. 4. De celui oîi, s'élève pour encens — from that one where rises for incense. Celui is applied both to persons and things.

P. 80, 1. 13. Depuis quand le moulin de M. Eitler peut-il se passer de vous — how long has Mr. Eitler's mill been able to do without you ?

P. 80, 1. 22. Et, puisse-t-il n'avoir désormais à moudre que le vieux Ritler lui-même ! jamais les meules n'auront broyé plus mauvais (jrain — and may it hâve henceforth to grind only old Eitler himself ; the stones will never hâve ground worse grain.

P. 81, 1.7. Voilà la moitié de ses meules arrêtées, et cliaque jour de chômage lui enlève cinquante écus — there are the half of liis mills stopped, and each day of stoppage takes from liim fifty crowns. Chaque is an indefinite adject., always joined to a subst. In chacun, un supplies the place of the substant., and therefore admits of no other after it. Ecu, a crown, so named, because a shield was engraved on the coin. Chômage — lit.,holiday-making; the word appears to be derived from the Celtic.

P. 81, 1. 10. Grippe sous — catch-penny. Gripper — L. compère.

P. 81, 1. 10. En attendant qu'il soit ruiné — previously to his being rmned.

P. 81, 1. 12. Le chagrin des mauvais gueux, etc. — The gloom of the niggard cheers the heart of the joUy. Translated literally, the passage is almost unmeaning. Bons enfants, joUy fellows.

P. 81, 1. 17. Ce qu'il comptait faire — what he intended to do.

P. 81, 1. 27. Nous mettons enperce tous les tonneaux — we are tapping ail the casks.

P. 82, 1. 1. Boire à petits coups — to sip.

P. 83, 1. 4. Puis tous s'accoudèrent à la table pour mieux écouter — then ail leaned their elbows on the table, to listen better. S'accoudèrent, leaned on — L. cubitus, elbow.

P. 83, 1. 10. Qui entendent l'office, etc. — who are Hstening to the service at the door of a pothouse.

P. 83, 1. 14. Or donc — well then ; often used in beginning a story.

P. 84, 1. 2. Et semblaient se préparer, comme lui, à la traverser — and seemed to be preparing,like hini, to cross it. Gomme lui. The word lui is employed in two ways in French : I. As the dative of il, — II. As a substitute for il : —