r Héloïse. Cf. note, p

Page 88. 1. 21. Judith. A Jewish heroine who eut off the head of the tyrant Holofemes. Cf. Apocrypha.

1.22. Épicharis. A Romancourtesan,impUcatedinaconspiracy against Nero, who strangled herself, so as not to betray her accomplices.

1. 24, C'était le temps où les Girondins luttaient, Sec. The latter part of the year 1792 and the early part of the year 1793. For a fuU description of the poHtical situation, cf. p. 48 ff., and Sketch of Revolutionary Events. The question at issue was whether the Girondins or the Jacobins should hold the power of which the King had been deprived.

1. 32. les emprisonnements arbitraires, les assassinats de septembre. In conséquence of disastrous news from the seat of war in August, 1792 (surrender of Longwy), revolutionary feeling in Paris ran very high. The Assembly decreed that an army of 30,000 men should be raised in Paris to take the field without delay, and by order of Danton, Minister of Justice, a house-to-house search was made for arms and suspects. More than 3,000 persons were arrested, many on mère suspicion, and on Sunday, September 2, a large number of them were murdered in prison. It now seems likelythatno definite order was evergiven for thèse massacres, and that they were merely the resuit of an insane dread of leaving so many suspects in Paris after the volunteers had started for the war. But no measures were taken to prevent thèse illégal proceedings.

1. 33. la conjuration du 10 WÂirs. The estabUshment of the Revolutionary Tribunal which inaugurated the Reign of Terror was decreed on March 10, 1793.

1. 33. r insurrection des 30 ei 31 mai. The so-called coup d'état of May 31 consisted in the overthrow of the Committee of Twelve and the assumption of suprême authority by the Commune of Paris. It was foUowed immediately by the coup d'état of June 2, in conséquence of which the members of the Committee of Twelve, twenty-two of the leading Girondins, and the ministers Clavière and Lebrun were arrested.

1. 36. la vertu de Roland. Roland was commonly known as * le vertueux Roland.'

1. 37. la jeunesse de Fonfrède et de Barbaroux. Cf. notes, p. 136, 1. 42, and p. 155, 1. 38. Many of the leading members of the Girondin party were extremely young men.

1. 38. le cri de désespoir d'Isnard. Isnard, Maximin (1751- 1825), member of the Législative Assembly, an adhèrent of the Girondins, implacable in his attacks upon the émigrés and the prêtres insermentés. The référence hère is to some one of his violent utterances in the course of the debate on the civil constitution of the clergy, Having survived ail the périls of the Terror, he under Bonaparte abjured politics, devoted himself to letters, and became in his old âge a staunch monarchist and churchman.

1. 38. la constance de Bvzot, i.e. for Madame Roland ; cf. p. 42, and note, p. 135, 1. 38.