Chsihus, Mélanges c(/i/p(ologic/ucs, 1" série, p

THE GREAT PAPYRUS HARRtS 95

Ment'-em-sa-av, the god Ment is behind him, ihe god Ment protects hini: S£"/.jou!p'.î is the Egyptian Sebek-em-sa-w, the god Sebek is behind him, the god Sebek protects him. I think tliat it is safe to consider the final -tuo or -so-jo in 'Odap-Tjcp as being identical with the Egyptian location emsa-w, behind him, se that 'Oaapsôcp would be Osar-em-sa-\v, Osiris is behind him, Osiris protects him. The same process of formation appears in Anub-em-sa-\v, Hor-em-saw, ]\Iùtem-sa-w. 3. The invaders of Egypt are called Shepherds. Shepherds is the translation of the name Mentiu (cf. the Coptic juiooite, pascere), which is given not only to Hyksos, but to ail Asiatic peoples, from the tinie of the xviith dynasty to the f ail of the Egyptian nationality. The Hyksos were Mentiu ;so were the Syrians of king Rharases III. The name of Shepherds given to Moses' auxiliaries and the confusion established between them and the Hyksos are thus explained easily, and correcting Manetho's présent text according to the preceding remarks, we may galber from his narrative that " a tribe of public slaves, such as were the Israélites of that time, having been released from the quarries and quartered in the neigbourhood of Avaris, revolted under the command of one Osar-em-sa-w , the same as Moses. Those Aatu sent for help to the Mentiu, or Asiatic people, who invaded Egypt andnearly succeeded in conquering it." According to Manetho, this happened during the reign of one Amenophis or Amenephthcs, who has been identified with Menephthah hotep-hi-mà, son of RhamsesII, Sesostris. I hâve not space enough to develop the considérations that hâve led me to hold Amenophis, not as Josephus would hâve it,.as being an invented king, but as condensing in himself the story and names of two or tliree différent kings, and to sketch thus the royal pedigree of the xixth and xxth dvnasties : —

THE GREAT PAPYRUS HARRIS

According to the Monuments.