acte, m., act, deed
action, /, action, deed, influence.
activité, /, activity, action.
addition, /, addition.
adieu, good-by, farewell.
adjonction, /, addition.
administrateur, managing, adminis-
trating.
administration, f., administration,
management.
administrer, to administer.
admirablement, admirably, very well.
admirer, to admire. adolescent, adolescent, youthful.
adopter, to adopt, choose.
adorer, to adore, worship.
adosser (s'), to lean against.
adresse, /, adroitness, skill.
adresser, to address.
adresser (s'), to apply to.
adroit, -e, skillful.
advenir {^con}. ///'avenir), to happen,
become.
adviendra, fut. of advenir, affaiblir (s'), to weaken, grow dim.
affaire, /, affair, business, occasion,
question ; avoir — à, to be thrown
in contact with; en — de, in mat-
ters of.
affamé, -e, famished, hungry.
affermir, to strengthen, confirm.
affirmati-f , -ve, affirmative, affluence, /, concourse, ihrong.
affreu-x, -se, frightful, terrible, affût, w., ambush; à 1' — de, on the
lookout for. afin (de), in order to, to; — que, in
order that, ihat.
agacer, to irritate, annoy, tease.
âge, m., âge, years, period ; à tout — ,
at ail âges, âgé, -e, aged.
agenouiller (s'), to kneel.
agilité, /, agility, nimbleness.
agir, to act.
agir (s'), to be a question of.
agitation, /, agitation.
agiter, to shake, move, agitate.
agonie, /., agony, hour of death.
agrandir, to enlarge, augment.
agréable, pleasant, pleasing.
agriculture, /, agriculture.
ah, ah !
aide, /, aid, assistance, aider, to help.
aigle, w., eagle.
aigre, sharp, sour.
aigrelette, sourish, sharp, shrill.
aigu, -ë, sharp, pointed.
aiguille, /, needle; point, aile, /, wing.
aille, stibj. près, of aller, ailleurs, elsewhere; d' — , besides.
aimer, to love, like ; — mieux, prefer. ainsi, so, thus, in this way, therefore;
— que, as well as, like.
air, m., air, tune, appearance, manner; (//.) air; avoir 1' — , to seem, look (like).
aisance, /,, ease, easy circumstances.
aise, glad.
aise, m., ease; à 1' — , well off, comfortable; leisurely.
ait, p7-es. siibj. jd sing. of avoir.
Aix-la-Chapelle, a city of Rhenish Prussia; the legend referred to :
The cathedral was only half finished, and the treasury empty.
The devil appears, and proposes to furnish the needed money to complète the work, provided he can hâve the soûl of the first one that crosses the threshold. The councilmen sent a wolf across the threshold.
ajouter, to add, join.
albâtre, m., alabaster.
album, ni., album.
Alexandre, Alexander the Great (bust of).
algue,/, seaweed.
alléché, -e, allured, enticed.
allée, /, road.
Allemagne, /, Germany.
Allemand,;;/., German.
allemand, -e, german.
aller ( — , allant, allé, vais, allai), to go; {of healtJi) to be; s'en — , togoaway; y — de. to be at stake;
h /;//., to be about to; allez
toujours, to go on; see encore.
allié, -e, allied, united.
allocution, /, formai address, allocution.
allongé, -e, long, stretched out.
allonger, to lengthen, stretch out; — les lèvres, to stick out the lips.
allons, see aller.
allumer, to kindle, light.
alors, then.
Alpes (les), the Alps.
Alsace, /., Alsace, former French province, now^ belonging to Germany.
altéré, -e, thirsty.
alternative, /, alternative.
Altesse (Son), His Highness.
amant, m., lover.
amasser, to heap, pile up.
amateur, w., amateur.
ambassadeur, vi., ambassador.
âme, f., soûl, inhabitant.
Amen, amen.
amener, to bring, lead.
amèrement, bitterly.
ami, w., friend.
amour, m., love.
amoureu-x, -se, loving, in love.
amoureusement, lovingly.
amuser, to amuse, entertain.
an, m., year.
anachronisme, w., anachronism.
ancêtre, w., ancestor, forefather.
ancien, -ne, ancient, old, former.
anciennement, of old, formerly, anciently.
ancre, /, anchor.
âne, /«., donkey.
ange, w., angel.
Anglais, m., Englishman.
anglais, -e, English.
angle, w., corner, bend, angle.
Angleterre, /, England.
angoisse, /, anguish, agony.
ânier, -ère, w. 07- f., donkey-driver.
animal, m. {pi. animaux), animal.
animé, -e, animated, living.
animer, to animate, actuate.
anisé, -e, flavored with aniseed.
annale, yearly, for a year.
anneau, ;;/. (//. anneaux), ring.
année, /, year.
anniversaire, m., anniversary.
annoncer, to announce, notify, foretell.
antagoniste, w., antagonist.
antique, ;//., masterpiece of ancient art, antique.
antique, ancient.
Antoine (Saint), St. Anthony (251- 356 A.D.), founder of monastic life.
antre, ?;/., cave, den.
août, j?i., August.
apercevoir ( — , apercevant, aperçu, aperçois, aperçus), to perceive.
apercevoir (s'), to perceive, notice.
aplanir, to level, remove (diiïiculties).
apoplexie, /, apoplexy.
apôtre, tu., apostle, advocate. apparaître {conj. like paraître), to
appear.
apparence, /, appearance.
apparition, /, apparition.
appartement, m., apartment.
appartenir ( — , appartenant, appartenu, appartiens, appartins),
to belong.
appel, ///., call, request, appeal.
appeler, to call.
appétissant, -e, appetizing, tempt-
ing.
appétit, m., appetite.
applaudir, to applaud, approve.
Apollinaire (Saint), St. Apollinaris
(-390), bishop of Syria.
apporter, to bring, carry.
apprécier, to appreciate.
apprendre ( — , apprenant, appris,
apprends, apprise to learn, hear,
tell.
apprêter, to prépare.
apprêter (s'), to get ready.
appris, past part, of apprendre, apprivoisé, -e, tamed.
approbateur, approving.
approbateur, ;;/., approver.
approbati-f, -ve, approving.
approcher, to approach, bring near.
approuver, to approve.
approvisionné, -e, supplied.
appui, 1)1., support, protection.
appuyé, -e, resting (against).
appuyer (s'), to lean, rest, rely.
après, after; d' — , from, according
to.
après-midi, m. or f., afternoon.
arabesque, m., arabesque (fanciful
style of ornament in architecture).
arborer, to raise.
arbre, m., tree.
arc, 171., arc, arch.
arche, /, ark, arch.
archéologie, /, archneology.
archevêché, m., archbishopric.
archevêque, ;«., archbishop.
archiduc, m., archduke.
architecte, m., architect.
architecture, /, architecture.
archives, / //., archives.
ardemment, ardently.
Ardennes (les), hill-country in Bel-
gium.
ardent, -e, fiery, zealous, passionate.
argent, ;;/., silver, money.
argenté, -e, silver, silvery.
aristocratique, aristocratie.
armée, /, army.
armer, to arm, supply with arms.
armoire, /, closet.
armoiries, / pL, coat of arms.
arpent, vi., arpent (old French land-
measure; about two acres).
arracher, to extract, snatch from.
arranger, to arrange, satisfy.
arrêt, m., decree.
arrêter, to stop, conclude, arrest; ces
dispositions arrêtées, thèse meas-
ures taken.
arrêter (s'), to stop, hait.
arrière, behind; en — , backwards,
behind; laisser en — , to omit, arrière-garde, /, rear-guard.
arrivée, /, arrivai, arriver, to arrive, corne, happen.
arsenal, m , arsenal, storehouse.
art, m., art.
article, m., article, object.
artillerie, /, artillery.
artiste, m. or /., artist.
ascension, /, ascent.
asile, m., refuge, home.
aspirer, to aspire, long for.
assassin, m., murderer.
assassinat, m., murder.
assassiné, -e, assassinated, murdered.
assaut, m., assault; d' — , by storm.
assemblée, /., assembly, meeting, asseoir ( — , asseyant, assis, assieds,
assis), to seat.
asseoir (s'), to sit dovi^n.
asseyez (-vous), imper. 2d pi. of
s'asseoir, assez, enough, sufficient.
assidûment, assiduously, diligently.
assiégeant, -e, m., besieger.
assiéger, to besiege.
assiette, /, plate, assigner, to summon.
assis, -e, past part, of asseoir.
assise, /, course (of stones or
bricks).
assister, to assist; — à, to be présent
at, witness. assit {%'), prêt. 0/ asseoir, assombrir (s'), to darken, obscure.
assommer, to knock down, beat to
death.
assortiment, w., assortment.
assurer, to insure, assure, guaran-
tee.
astre, m., star, planet.
atelier, m., workshop.
atmosphère, /, atmosphère.
attacher, to fasten, attach, fix.
attacher (s'), to become attached.
attaque, /, attack.
attaquer, to attack.
attardé, -e, late, belated.
atteignent, see atteindre, atteindre ( — , atteignant, atteint,
atteins, atteignis), to attain, reach,
hit, strike.
atteint, -e, reached, attained, afflicted
with.
atteler, to harness, hitch up.
attendant (en), meanwhile.
attendre, to wait, await, wait for;
attendu que, considering that.
attendre (s'), to expect, look for.
attenir {^conj. like tenir), to adjoin.
attention,/, attention, care; faire — ,
to be on one's guard.
attirer, to attract, pull, attrayant, -e, attractive.
attribuer, to attribute, ascribe.
au = à 4- le.
aube, /, dawn.
auberge, /, inn.
aubergiste, m., innkeeper.
aucun, no, not any; ne . . « — , no,
nobody.
audacieu-x, -se, audacious, bold.
au del|, beyond.
au-dessous, below.
au-dessus, above; — encore, better
than that.
au-devant, before ; — de, toward, to
meet; aller — de, to remove, ward
off.
augmenter, to increase.
augmenter (s'), to increase, be in-
creased.
augure, m., augury, omen, sign.
Auguste, Augustus, Roman emperor.
aujourd'hui, to-day, nowadays.
auparavant, before.
auprès, near.
auquel = à + lequel, aurai, fut. of avoir, aussi, also, too, so, therefore.
aussitôt, at once; — que, as soon as.
autel, m., altar.
auteur, w., author, doer.
autographe, autographic.
autographe, /;/., autograph.
autoriser, to authorize.
autour, around, round, about.
autre, other, différent, else; à nous
— s Français, for us pure-bred
Frenchmen.
autrefois, formerly. autrement, otherwise.
autrichien, -ne, Austrian.
aux = à -f les.
auxiliaire, auxiliary.
avaler, to swallow.
avance (d'), in advance.
avancé, -e, advanced, completed.
avancer, to advance.
avancer (s'), to pull ahead.
avant, before, previously; en — , for-
ward; — que, before, ère; en —
de, in front of.
avant-garde, /, vanguard.
avare, /;/., miser.
avare, avaricious, stingy.
avec, with.
avenir, w., future, aventureu-x, -se, adventurous.
avertir, to warn, inform.
aveu, ;;/., confession, avowal.
aviron, w., oar.
avis, 7)1., advice; à mon — , in my
opinion.
avoir ( — , ayant, eu, ai, eus), to
hâve, get; — beau, to do any-
thing in vain, avouer, to confess.
avril, m., April.
ayant, près. pari, of avoir, azur, 771., azurc.
Babel, /, Babel, Tower of Babel.
Bade, Baden (Grand-Duchy of).
bagage, w., baggage,*luggage.
baguette, /, stick, rod.
baigner, to bathe, wash.
baigner (se), to bathe.
baiser, w., kiss.
baiser, to kiss.
baisser, lower.
baisser (se), to stoop,
balcon, ;;/., balcony.
Bâle = Basel, city of Switzerland.
ballade, /, ballad.
balle, /, bullet.
balustrade, /, balustrade, railing.
banc, 771., bench, seat.
bannière, f., banner, standard.
banquier, w,, banker.
baptême, w., baptism.
baptiser, to baptize, christen.
barbare, barbarian, coarse grained.
barbe, /, beard.
Barnabe (Saint), St. Barnabas, Christian apostle. The legend in the text cannot be traced to him. — A biographer of St. Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury (924-988) relates that, while engaged in métal work in a smithy, Satan in disguise came to him and asked for work. By an oath which S. uttered, the bishop made out who the visitor was; and when the latter persisted in his request, the bishop pinched his nose with red-hot pincers and shook him with such force that S.'s shrieks could be heard for miles around.
baron, w., baron.
barque, /, boat, bark.
barrer, to bar, close, block.
bas, 7)1., stocking.
bas, -se, down, low; en — , down-
stairs; ici , hère below; là ,
yonder; à — , down, out; par le — , by the lower end ; la tête en — , head (turned) down ; au — de, at the foot of; au plus — , a minimum.
basalte, m., basait.
base, f., base, groundwork.
basilique, /., basilica, large church.
basse, / of bas.
bastion, m., bastion, bataille, /, battle, fight.
bataillon, ?n., battalion.
batave, Batavian, Dutch.
bateau, w., buat ; — à vapeur, steam-
boat.
batelier, m., boatnian.
bâti, -e, built.
bâtiment, m., building, ship.
bâtir, to build.
bâtisse, /, masonry (of a building),
building.
bâtisseur, m., builder.
bâton, w., stick, battant, près. part, of battre, battant, w., clapper (of a bell).
battement, m., beating, clapping.
batterie, /, battery, fight.
battre (»^, battant, battu, bats, battis), to beat, thresh.
battre (se), to fight, lash.
Baudoin (1217-1273), the last of the
Latin emperors of Constantinople.
He presented the"crown'of thorns"
to St. Louis of France.
Bayard (Chevalier de) (1475-15 24),
French knight, " without fear and
without reproach." béant, -e, gaping, wide open. '^ beau {before vowel, bel-le; m. pi. ,
beaux), beautiful, fine, fiandsome,
riol:)le; avoir — , in vain. ♦
beaucoup, much, many, a great d«al. \ beauté, /, beauty.
bec, w., beak, bill. Ȕ
Beethoven (i 770-1827), famousGer-
man composer, born at Bonn.
Belge, 7)1., Belgian.
belge, Belgian.
belle, see beau. ■"''
bénédiction, /, blessing.
bénéfice, m., benefit, advantage.
béni, -e or -te, blessed.
bénir, to bless.
berceau, w., cradle.
bercer, to rock, lull (to sleep).
besogne, /, task, work.
besoin, w., need ; avoir — de,to need
bête, f., beast, animal.
beurre, w., butter.
bibliothèque, /, library.
bien, ;«., good, goods, wealth; si —
que, so that; faire du — , to do
good ; adv., well, very, much, many,
indeed, gladly, ail right.
bienheureu-x, -se, blessed, happy.
bientôt, soon.
bière, /, béer.
bijou, /«., jewel.
billet, VI., note.
bisaiguë, two-prcnged (///., twice
sharp).
blanc, -he, white.
blessé, -e, wounded.
blessure, /, wound.
bleu, -e, blue.
bleuâtre, bluish.
blond, -e, fair, light.
bloquer, to blockade.
bœuf, w., ox, beef. boire ( — , buvant, bu, bois, bus), to
drink.
bois, ;//., wood, lumber.
bombardement, ;//., bombardment.
bon, m., draft (on a bank) ; — à vue,
sight-draft.
bon, -ne, good, friendly; tu as du — ,
you hâve good stuff' in you.
Bonaparte, see Napoléon, bond, m., leap.
bondir, to leap.
bonheur, m., happiness, blessing.
Bonn, celebrated university town,
birthplace of Beethoven, bonne, f., nurse; see aho bon.
bonnement, simply, precisely; tout
— , straight, simply.
bonté, f., goodness.
bord, m., border, shore, bank; à — ,
on deck.
botâfer, to border, tuck in (bed).
borne, /, limit, landmark.
borner, to confine; se — , to limit
one's self, bouche, /, mouth.
bouchée, /, mouthful.
boucher, m., butcher.
boucher, to stop jip, obstruct.
boue, /, mud.
bouge, m., hole, slum, paltry lodging
house.
bouillon, m., bouillon, soup.
bouillonner, to bubble up or forth,
gush out, buil over.
boulangerie, /, bakery.
boulet, m., cannon bail, boulette, /, small bail ; potage aux
— s, soup with small balls of force-
meat.
bourg, m., borough, hamlet.
bourgeois, ;//., middle class ; (//.) citi-
zens.
bourgeois, -e, belonging to the better
class.
bourreau, m., executioner.
bourse, /, purse.
bout, w., end; au — de, after; see
mener, bouteille, /, bottle.
braie, f., breeches.
bras, 711., arm; à bras-le-corps, by
the waist.
brave, brave, honest, good.
bravo, bravo ! capital ! excellent !
brèche, /, gap, breech.
brigade, /, brigade, troop.
brigand, /;/., brigand, briller, to shine, glitter; see éclair, brioche, /, brioche, a sort of bun or
cake.
briser, to break, smash.
briser (se), to break, dash (to
pièces).
broder, to embroider. bronze, ;;/., bronze, brot {German zuord'), bread.
brouillard, m., fog, mist ; faire du — ,
to be foggy.
brouillé, -e, fallen out, on ill terms, brouiller, to mix, confuse, embroil.
bruire, to rustle, roar.
bruit, w., noise, sound, rumor.
brûler, to burn; se — la cervelle, to
blow out one's brains.
bruni, -e, browned, burnished.
Brunswick (Duc de), chief of the
troops allied against France in
1792; he issued an insolent ad-
dress to France, in the name of
the aUied powers, which resulted
in an insurrection in Paris and in the downfall of Louis XVI.
brutal, -e, brutal, cruel.
buisson, w., bush.
bu, see boire.
bulle, /, bull, papal ordinance.
but, ;//., aim, object; dans le — , for the purpose.
buveur, m., drinker.
buvez, ind. près, of boire.
byzantin, -e, Byzantine.
c' = ce.
ça {for cela), that.
cabane, /, hut.
cacher, to hide.
cacher (se), to hide one's self.
cacheter, to seal; cachetée de noir,
with a black seal.
cadavre, m., corpse, body.
cadeau, m., présent.
cadre, ;;/., frame, list (of officers).
café, ?>i., coffee.
caisson, j?i., caisson, ammunition
wagon.
calciné, -e, calcined, burnt.
calcul, ;;/., calculation.
calibre, ;//., caliber; balle de — ,
bail of the régulation caliber (or
size).
calice, w., chalice, cup, calyx.
calme, calm, peaceful.
calmer, to calm.
calmer (se), to become calm.
calomnie, /, calumny.
camarade, ?n., companion.
camp, w., camp.
campagne, /, country, campaign.
camper, to camp, caniche, /;/. or f, poodle.
canon, vi., cannon.
canonisation, /, canonization.
canoniser, to canonize.
cantique, /., song, carol.
cantonnement, ;;/., cantonment, quar-
tering of troops in villages.
Cantorbéry, Canterbury (England).
capable, capable, able.
capitaine, m., captain.
capital (//. capitaux), capital, principal, essential; péché — , mortal sin.
capitale, /, capital, chief town.
capitulation, f,, capitulation, surrender.
capituler, to capitulate, surrender.
caporal, m. {pL caporaux), corporal.
capricieu-x, -se, whimsical, wayward.
capuchon, w., hood.
Capucin, m., Capuchin friar.
car, for,
carabine, /, carbine, rifle.
caracole, /., caracole.
caracoler, to caracole.
caractère, ??i., character, characteristic type, aspect, degree.
carbonique, carbonic.
carcan, ;//., carcan, collar.
caresser, to caress, fondle, flatter.
carpe, /, carp.
carré, -e, square.
carrière, /, quarry.
carte, /, card, map, bill (of expenses).
cas, j/i., case (matter); faire — de, to esteem, prize, think much of.
casemate, f., casemate, underground quaiters.
caserne, /, barrack, barracks (for soldiers.
casino, m., casino.
casque, w., helmet.
casquette, /, cap.
casser, to break, quash.
cassette, /, little box, cash box.
cathédrale, /, cathedral.
catholique, catholic.
cause, /., cause.
causer, to talk, chat.
cavalerie, /, cavalry.
cavalier, ?n., horseman, cavalier.
cave, /., cave, cellar.
caveau, ;//., vault, small cellar.
caverne, /, cave, cavern.
ce (ybefore vowel, cet; / cette; //.
ces), this, that, it; see de.
céder, to give up, yield.
ceignis, sec ceindre.
ceindre ( — , ceignant, ceint, ceins, ceignis), to gird on.
ceinture, /, bdt, circle.
cela, that.
célèbre, -e, celebrated, well-known.
célébrer, to celebrate.
célébrer (se), to be celebrated.
célébrité, /., celebrity.
célérité, /, celerity.
céleste, celestial, heavenly.
celle, this, that, the one; celle-ci, this,
this one, the latter; Cjelle-là, that,
that one, the former.
cellule, /, small cell.
celui, this, that, the one ; celui-ci, this,
this one, the latter; celui-là, that,
that one, the former; celui qui, he
vvho.
cendre, /, ashes. censure, /.", censorship.
cent, (a) hundred.
centaine, /, hundred.
centre, w., center.
centurion, m., centurion, commander
of a hundred men.
cep, m., vine, vine stock.
cependant, however.
cercle, ;;/., circle.
cerclé, -e, hooped.
cercueil, w., cofiîn.
cérémonie, /, ceremony, formality.
cerise, /, cherry.
certain, -e, certain.
certainement, certainly.
certificat, w., certiticate ; — de bonne
vie et mœurs, certificate of good
character.
cervelle, /, brain, mind.
ces, see ce.
César, Ccesar.
cesse, /, cease, cessation; sans — ,
continually.
cesser, to cease.
cet, see ce.
ceux, those, thèse.
chacun, -e, each.
chaîne, /, chain; range.
chair, /., flesh; maigre — , maigre
food, sorry meal (excluding ail
animal food except fish).
chaise, f., chair.
chaleur, /, beat.
chaloupe, /, launch, long boat.
chambre, /, room.
champ, m., field.
Champagne (la), an ancient French
province, Champagne; vin de — ,
Champagne.
chanceler, to réel, stagger.
chancelier, w., chancellor, keeper of
the seal.
chandelier, vi., candiestick.
changement, w., change.
changer, to change, alter, transform.
chanoine, m., canon, chanoinesse, /, canoness.
chanson, /, song.
chant, m., singing.
chanter, to sing.
chanteur, m., singer, chapelle, /, chapel.
chapiteau, m., head, capital (of a
column).
