II. .lihy, M /' portant

Far from being Boothed by any consolation, thon

Emploi du subjonctif 85

sufferings are aggravated by so many other circumstances, that they hâve made of me the most pitiabla man that can be seen ; it is impossible tliat I can live much longer in tins situation. It almost seems that justice (art. def.) and pity are no longer upon this earth ; that they hâve retired to heaven ; — or niust I believe that I hâve committed a crime by making for Spain the most important discovery that has ever been made ? Before I undertook this enterprise, they insulted (à) my zeal and my hope ; now I must fear that the empty (vain) title of perpétuai viceroy and admirai hâve made (ne) me odious to the Spaniards.

I would rather that Bovadilla had assassinated me than that lie should hâve sent (inf.) me to Spain, covered with (de) chains, without hearing my defence, and without any one being able to accuse me of the least crime. Will any one prétend (cond.) to say that I hâve merited such treatment ? Ùnhappily I must believe this, even though your Majesty renders me justice ; and I believe that I hâve done enough of good to Spain to make (pour que) my enemies ashamed (avoir honte) of such calumny ; but however great my misfortunes may be, and whatever trials the wickedness of my enemies may still reserve for me, I wish that the remembrance of this injustice should die with me. I wish that the chains with which (dont) I hâve been covered, may be interred with me, in case I should ever be fortunate enough to hâve a coffin and a tomb.

I would rather, j'aurais mieux aimé;

Trial, épreuve, f.

Thèmes sur l'emploi du subjonctif.

May (pouvoir) truth, find an asylum in your pages ! May every one of you promise never to flatter and never to deceive ! — Do you not know that liberality is the first duty of the rich ? — Do you know, gentlemen,

86 Tl ilmes.

whether {que) the prince is travelling in Italy? If such is the case, do you know tbat Le is in danger of meeting there bis enemies who are lying in irait (être ni/ guet) in Borne? — We live as if we were alone in the world, and as if (j«e) the world had been created onlv foi us. — Attica (FAttique) was not enough for Alcibiades, lie aspired to the aovereignty of a gicit empire, wniob would hâve enabled him to conquer othera. — Elaewhere it is art which imitâtes nature, but in the valley of Tempe, on the oontrary, ono eould beheve i-/// dirait) that nature sought to imitato art — St. Louia was just and firm in ail politioal transaetions, bo that hia enêmiea did not trust [se fier) him Lésa thau hia own subjecte. lu cJroumatances bo dillicult, you muai aol iu aaofa a manner that even youf adveraariea may be obliged to eateem you.— Luoaa iras one of Nero'a favorites, till be had the impruto dispute (with) him the prize for (d\ l pœtry, hère till 1 return.- Mad. d'Epinay apared n.it li. r time dot paina for her Eriends, bo ahe well deaerved that thej Bhould in return (àlew tow) show

• me attentions.

ible,

l'on blâme, Baid Voltaire to Lord Barvey, my prédilection for Louis XIY. ; but oame to me any other monarch who has învited bo many distinguiahed Btrangera into his laud. and who amongBt his owb people has more encouraged merit. s.» you havo thonghl (croin i me culpable ! theu I underatand why ou hâve recerved me with Buch indifférence ; it

i^ onlv a |>ity that I did 1 1 * * t SUSpect it, that 1 might

bave juahned myaelf. M\ Eriend wrote to me lately tli.it he had employed ail poaaible means to oonvinos the prince of nia repentance, bul th.it h<> remained de. I answered him thaï he muai hâve pâtit nce, and leave to hia Erienda the charge (le soin) of Bpeaking for him. -S. rviliua acouaed in (de) thia man-

i UOi Utt a DBOmi ut doubt that his ruili (/<«■)

Emploi du subjonctif. 85

was resolved (upon) ; but after some of tue most moderate of the people had told liim (crié) to i.ake courage, and to continue his defence, lie regained liope.— I hâve not heard that a battle lias been fought, it is not possible that one should hâve received the news of it so soon as yesterday. — The count was interred yesterday, and his unhappy daughter, who will arrive to-day, does not even know that lie has been ill. — Admitted, that a new artist should form, from a marble block, the Venus de Medici, or the Apollo of Belvédère, well (eh bien), I maintain that there will be found envious persons enough to dispute his glory.

Fought, livré, dans livrer bataille.

You know the three brothers N., do you not ? The most distinguished ôf them (d'entre eux), who was formerly in Paris, was considered by Cuvier as the most distinguished naturalist known to him ; he is now the most celebrated of ail the professors who are the glory of our universities. The second is a lawyer, and it is the youngest who has become a soldier. — I gave (faire) to this singular letter the best answer I could, but it is probable it lias not received the approbation of the petitioner ; for I hâve heard nothing more of him ; neither do I know that he has addressed himself to another. — God grant (vouloir) that my presentiment may not be fulfilled (se réaliser). O, could I avert the danger which threatens a life so dear! — Notwithstanding the French army had been almost entirely destroyed in Russia, so that it seemed impossible to raise a new one in so short a time, the emperor in the spring again marched into Germany, at the head of 200,000 men, and without waiting to be (qu'on) attacked, he fought the bloody battles of Lutzen and Boutzen, which decided nothing. Many persons believe that if he had remained near the Rhine, and had limited himself to the defence of that Une, he would hâve been invincible.— At the news of

88 Thèmes.

the death of Franklin, the constituent assembly ordained tbat ail the menibers should put on mourning for three (lava. — Augustus ordained tbat the vétérans should receive their reward in money and not in land.

To hear nothing more, m phi* entendre parler j

For, durant [trois Jours) j

Tu put un mourning, porter U devu.

Récapitulation.

Whatever may hâve been Baid, fco diminiah the glory oî th.' Greeks, still it cannot be pretended that tneir history owea ita lustre only to the geniua of the oelebrated men who hâve written it. where La the ni.-ui, who oasting bis eye (pL) apon the Greek nation wonld noi do her the justice of reoognizing tliat sli«- lias often risen above the average grandeur ofhnmanity? [s il nol true tli.tt we sometimes perçoive there a whole rare noble as Bpaminondaa and jusl aa Ari-ti.l«'s? Could Sallusl deny (amd.) that Marathon, Thermopyls - lamis, Platea, the re-

i the t. n thousana, and bo many other heroio actions, were (ne) mnch above the praise which historians gave them? Save we then forgotten that the Romans conquered Qreece onlj by means of the Greeks? It isclearthai they oould not défend themselves at that time, bo mnch were they divided. But it' the Romans had attaoked them in the time of thek Btrength, and if they had enconntered Bnch Uses) geni rais, Buch soldera, Bnch <-iti/.'ns as had trinmpned

Kerxes, it oannol h-' doubted that the wonld bave (« I been quite différent.

A partioular praise which Qreece mérita, is that sln bas produced th.' greatesl men whose memory history preaervea One sèeks in vain in the Roman i'. |)ul>li<- for heroe8 who can be compared with them. ]t Beema that the Roman grandeur is the work <>f the whole republio. There we Bee no oitioen, who 10

Emploi de V infinitif. 89

rises above his century, and above the wisdom of the state, as to give it a new form. It seems to us that each Eoman was great only through the merit and the strength of the government, and that the greatest Bien of whom Rome boasts, were only (dé) some steps before (devancer) the others. In Greece, on the contrary, however defective the government may hâve been, it happened many a time that mighty and creative minds were seen who opposed the force of custom and opened for themselves a new road. Greece has snffered no misfortune that was not predicted long before by one of her great men ; but where is the Eoman who foretold that the victories of the Republic would hasten her ruin ?

As soon as the Romans ceased to be free, and even before they were completely subjugated, they became the meanest slaves the world had ever seen. The Greeks, on the contrary, conquered by Philip and Alexander, were inconsolable because liberty had been taken from them, and far from becoming accustomed (subj., se) to submission, they continually resisted until they regained (recouvrer) for a time theii liberty under the successors of thèse princes.

To rise above, s'élever au-dessus.

Thèmes sur l'emploi de l'infinitif.

I much fear that I hâve been deceived by this clever impostor (fourbe). I confess that I hâve been wrong to give him my confidence ; I wish that you may be more prudent. — What crime hâve they committed to be treated thus ? They are certainly right to use al] means of liberating themselves (d'échapper à) from such tyranny. — On seeing an éléphant, one would not believe that he is able to sustain a long and rapid walk (marché). — Turenne was feared by his enemiea

90 Thèmes.

without being liated by theni. — I confess that I bave been inistaken, but wliat uiust be done now'? To whom sliall I address myself? Wliat shall I do (s'y prendre) to îvpair my fauït? — We caunot boast of the kappineea of a man before his déath ; for, after having lu «h k»g favoivd by fortune, lu> mav yet become acquainkd with uiihapphu'ss. — After Charles XII. had tiiuinjtlud for nine years over Uù ) ail his enemies, fortune h ft him at the battle of Pultowa ; and having ]<<>{ every hope of snstainmg bimself in Russia againsi ;m eaemy saperioz in numbers (sing.), he lied to Tur- I ui-h with ('/- i ail niv heàrt that I mav Jim l an

opportunité to oblige yon : it vrould be most agreeable to me to prove to yon hot* much I regret having

offended yon. If l knew how to recover jour frh-nd- >hi|.. 1 woul.l ii<»t a\oi.l (craindn l thegreatesl sacrifice

to attain that end.

One woiiM believe. on étirait ;

orne scqaahrtea, apprendre •'/ eonnattre,

0 ' Baid Augustus, after the discovery of a new

oonspiraoy, to whom sliall I now trust my secrets and mylife? Take baok the power which 1 bave received from yon, il", inetead of proenring me n< m Eriends, it tes from me the heartsof my subjeots. For me, nothing ia Becure; he \\ho oan do evexything, haa evrayihingto fear. Jhit before I complain, I wiD look into myseu to aee whether I deserve to 1>«' spared. Nol mr from being innomai, J bave shed streamsoi blood. After havmg vanqnashed Antony, lus parti. sans were pursued and banished by me. My guardian himseli ' f. 11 a virtim to my revenge. To commit snob erim< s ia to jnstify the conspirâmes Uxrmptat) of one's enemi< a 1 oannol accuse Fortune oî injustice, Boeing tli.it it givea anus to ni\ own house againsi me. [ îniist expérience ingratitude, after having

myaelf tingratefuL

, ftoi-iiuiite ;

Fur ii'in, ' Mm i

Du participe présent. 91

Thèmes sur le participe présent et l'adjectif verbal,

Two vessels rapidly cleaving (fendre) the waves and flying from the storm, whose threatening voice was already howling (gronder) around tliem, endeavored to reach the shore. The winds whistling in the cordage oppose their efforts (manœuvre). Already the foaming waves trace furrows upon the wide surface of the sea, the trembling birds gathering in groups, and flying with rapid wings, the animais seekmg shelter at hazard, the hghtning flashing from time to time, and spreading a hght over the dark clouds, the thunder rolling over our heads, the earth trembling under our feet, rain, mixed with hail, falling in (far) torrents— that is (voilà) the terrible sight which shakes our courage. What will become of our trembling mariners ? Ah ! if they had wished it, they could hâve escaped the devouring élément. A crow flying about near the coast had announced the storm by its mournful croaking. Whilst the seamen are trying to furl (carquer) the sails, the tottering masts fall. The threatening waves, rising far (bien) above the vessels, threaten at every moment to swallow them up. Trembling at the idea of seeing themselves dashed against the rocks upon (bordant) the shore, our brave sailors fling themselves into the sea, and swimming incessantly, they at last reach the land in a dying state mourant).

Threatening, mugissard;

The croaking, les croassements;

To threaten, menacer ;

To clash, jeter.

Thèmes sur l'emploi du participe présent et du gérondif.

Why do they (on) blâme my proceedings against the tyrant of Cyprus ? said Richard Cœur de Lion to

92 T/ièmes.

the emperor. In avenging myself upon him, I hâve delivered liis subjects froui the joke under which he oppressed them, and in disposing of niy conquests I onîy exercised my right. — Dionysius (Denys) wrote to Plato, asking him to spare him in his discourses ; the philosoplieT answered : " I hâve no (Je) time to think of Dionysius." — In rising before dawn, said Bonssean, my first wish vas, that no lettera or visitora ahonld diatnrb the enjoyment of the day. — William III. undeiatood nearly ail the languagea of Europe, but lie did not speak any well, because ho had more refleetion tlian imagination. — Voltaire wrote thua to the Marqnia of Aiguillon: " Knowing well yonr kinânesa fcoward me, I am going fco ask yon a lavor. A tall and fine-looking yonng man, who ia intelligent (avoir ,!, /'- iprit) and lovea poetry, lias fcaken it into his head to be (s'aviser du a fain i preaented fco me, and when he heard me speak of von, be requeated me fco recommend bim fco yon. Ail my proteatationa having oome t.» aothing (tu servira* nen), I bave deeided fco give bim tins lettei for yon."— Yeaterday 1 aaw yonr Enend running t<> fche théâtre. I oalled fco him, but be waa in t..,. gréai a bnrry (être trop pressé) fco be willing l'his man paya for ail bis gooda in ready money, knowing rery well fchat fche merohant will reduoe tne prioe j fain aes prix plus modérés) apon (à) thaï condition. The confidence whioh he enjoya inoreasefl (va s'augmenta/ni) daily.

I lrivc nniy axerda 1, Jt n'ai fait f/u'u&r de ;

Bhonld (listuri), - troubler;

Ri i'l v money, comptant,

(Syïïa, abdioatmg his didatorship, endeavors to his tyratmy.)

Sear me, citisenB, Boldiera, aenatoral Tn laying down (me dépouiller) my power, I will give (rendre) yon (an) aooonni of fche nae I bave made of it. Pontna, Epirua, and Greece, whioh fought in raja

Du participe présent. 93

against Rome, now recognize lier dominion. Wheu tlie kings of Africa revolted against you, I punished tliem by dethroning them, and now that I hâve conquered Jugurtha and Mithridates, you must admit that I hâve done more than I promised. But as simple military glory did not suffice for me, I sought for what was durable and more useful, by proposing to myself to put (an) end to the eivil wars of Rome. The republic, expiring under the blows of her own children, claimed my arm. I was made dictator, because I saw that tins was the only means of saving her. After I had given back to the senate its ancient power, the people returned to (their) duty. Rome never saw me aspire {part, pr.) to the favor of the people, or flatter them in order to subjugate the country. By ruling with severity, I healed the wounds of my country ; by displaying a legitimate inflexibility the state was saved. By calling my government tyrannical you cannot make me ashamed {confondre), for I am ready to give an account of the blood which I hâve shed. If I disregarded {étouffer) the voice of humanity, I did so to make you obey the laws. Having thus governed I do not know what name history reserves for me. She will judge me one day, as Rome does now, but as I am still more oppressed under the burden of my power than you, I will myself break (in pièces) the yoke under which you groan {gémir). I hâve conquered the world ; it obeys my laws ; I hâve vanquished, I hâve reigned, now I will live as a {en) citizen, as a simple individual {particulier) : in acting thus I shall shut the mouths {sing.) of (à) ail my enemies ; their hatred cannot injure my memory, because between them and myself there is my imperishable {V immortalité de) glory.

Pontus, le Pont ;

Return to, rentrer dans le.

94 TMmes.

(Ch/temncstra to Âgamemnon on the sacrifice qf Jphigeiria.)

I gave yon three danghters, and yon Avant to toat ont' iVuiii me, to sacrifice lier. What answvr will yon raake, wh.n yon are asked why yon immolate her? Shall I answvr for yon ? It is i il order to give Helen baok to Menelaus. — Will you do a praieeworthy action by paying (for) th.' rèturn <>t' "in- (tbat is) unl'aitlit'ul, witli | >/> ) the blood of my dying danghter?

I bave v»t more t<> Bay (il « " p?«s . Sighing in my palace, ami long abandon ed by yon, what shall I feel éprouver) in thaï Bolitnde, when I perceive tfiè rooms (appartements which [phigema înhabited, and Avlicn I se part. /<.-. t li.it slic is there no more. When I nownere find part, pr.) my daughter, shall 1 n<>t intlt inlo bears, exclaiming : () my danghter! it is thy Eaiher hitnself frho lias deliverea thee np to àeath!

I' t forée ne, <) my hnsband, to sec in yon an

< n. my w!.. seeks inir miafortnne. What will the Lr'"K -^lill granl you, after having mnrdered yonr otru danghter? Will yon dare to embraee yonr other ohiklren when yon return to Argos? N"o, yoti wffl bave locri that right. Fon Bee me at yonr feet, imploring yonr pity. No, I fa) tender mother, having always hie< d faithfn] t<» my duties, I shall ooi bave to îimiini for my danghter, whilst Helen, trinmphant and bappy, finda hera ai Sparta.

mil), fon-'r

Thèmes sur les participes passés.

Th.- princ.'ss, wIi.n.' heari an.l seul had be< d ripened by adveraity, Baw heraelf taken <<> prison after she ha.l been preeipitated from the throne. Her fath.T, vrhose virtu.'s she had honored, by vrhom aha

Du participe passé. 05

had been educated in piety, had ended his life on the scaffold. Her mother was taken froin lier to share the same fate. Left (for a time) alone with lier brother, she soon saw herself separated from hiin, and lieard not long after (apprendre bientôt) the deatli lie had suffered. So she had known of life only its sufferings ; she was ready to give it back to heaven, when it was announced to her that she was to be banished. Thèse are the dreadful trials which a princess, boni on the throne, suffered in her tender youth ; that is the éducation she received from her misfortunes.

Trial, Vépreuve.

Thèse two friends (fem.), who had not seen one another for so many years, met (pron.) yesterday. As soon as they saw one another, they flew into each other's arms ; for a long time they did not speak a word, so great was their émotion ; at length, when their transports were a little calmed, they spoke of the remembrances which their meeting recalled to their minds (mémoire). They promised one another tp write often, and pledged their word to meet at least once a year. It was more than seven years since they had (ne) spoken to one another, and nearly as long since they had written, because the position of their husbands had not permitted them to continue the relations which had for so long a time constituted (faire) their happiness. One can easily imagine the grief which they had felt, and how much they now congratulated (féliciter, ace.) themselves that circumstances did at length bring them again together.

Each other's, Vune de Vautre ;

To meet, se réunir.

The queen is not to be pitied, she has lived and died like a saint. — I hâve received the maps (carte géographique) which your excellency has had the

96 Tlièmes.

kindness to send me ; they reached me yesterday, and I sball return them as soon as I hâve exaniined tliem. — The mountains hâve risen, and the valleya hâve sunk down (s abaisser) to the place which the Almighty assigned to them. — My army marched against the enemy (pL) and vanquished them in two battles. They were put to Aient, and after I had driven them into their atrongnolds, and had butroonded them there, I devastated their territory, and carried immense qnantitiea of corn to Borne, where I re-established abondance. What fault hâve I then committed? wonld they (on) make it a crime in me fco bave !;;iiii«-.l two victories? — The town of Quito is overhnng (dominer) by a terrible volcano, which has often shaken îte fonndationa (fondement) L — Àocording t<> the idea I hâve formed of glory, thia doea not belong to conquerora who hâve oniy suoceeded in winning battlea, and who bave aoi oontribnted in any other way (cTaffleura to the happineas of inankiml. — PareweU, my dear Eriend, aaid Louise, l>e sorry for nu- plaignez-moi) thaï I hâve Leff you ; after having had thr misfbrtone to lose my husband, I had intended to live with v>u ; I had thonghi it woald be delightfa] to jiass the rest of my days with yon: but Providence bas doI permitted this ; \\ e must submit ti> ite decreea withonf (a) mnrmnr.

■ irh, jhirr, nir ;

Btroogfaold, l<i ]il>i<-c fort*.

Thèmes sur les participes passifs.

The pnpils whom we heard read yesterday proved finit they had taken mnoh pains t" acqnire a oleax prononciation, and they had sncceeded v.iv well. The verses wMcfa r heard them read were by Delàvigne; th. \ are the same which 1 hâve already heard read several timefc.- The flowers which] havo seon

Du participe pass'e. 9 7

drawn, and which I hâve shown to several arti ta. hâve deserved the admiration of ail connoisseurs — The young girl whom I hâve seen drawing has ma de rapid progress. — Years of idleness are not worth one hour well eniployed. — Some captives to whom Hannibal had given Hberty to départ on parole, had gone to Kome, to carry thither propositions of peace. — The government of Louis XIV, notwithstanding the faults of that prince, is one of the most glorious which there hâve been in France. — Remember, O Athenians, the humiliation which it had cost y ou (vous en), to let yourselves be deceived by orators. — The two hours which I was awake last night, seemed longer to me than the six hours which I slept. — The few days which I hâve spent with you, will always be reckoned by me as among the happiest which I hâve lived. — Turenne has won nearly as many battles as he has fought. — The resuit of an enterprise does not always bring as many advantages as we hoped front it. — When we (on) hâve made au the efforts we can (indéf.), we ought to be satisfied, even though we hâve not obtained ail the success we wished (indéf.) for. — The little fortune which this merchant inherited from his father has enablecl him (suffire à) to establish a good business, and he has succeeded in enriching himself by fortunate spéculations.

Be worth, valoir.

Pygmalion ate only the fruits which he had seen plucked in his garden, and the vegetables which he had sown himself, and which he ordered to be cooked. — The letters which you hâve forgotten to send to the post, hâve only been taken there this morning, and will not arrive at the place of their destination till to-morrow. — Caroline, why hâve you not brought the books which I begged you to lend me, you are more forgetful than I had thought ; I had reminded you of them yesterday. — The more difficulties Epaminondas found in the campaign, the more easily he surmounted

98 TJibncs.

them. — The deâth of your mother hns cost us manj tears, I cannot describe to you the grief which wefelt

(< n \. She had given us our éducation and waa like a mother to us.

To bc like -\ mother, tenir In a d<- mère.

Récapitulation.

Plato had reoeired from nature a robust constitution. His long and weorisome travels had weakened his health, but be had Boon re-established it by strict diet, and the onty inconvenienoe which had remained to hiiu, and which conld not be surmounted, waa a disposition to melanoholy, a disposition which Socrates and other oelebrated men had like him. He spoke slowly, bot his disconrses were full of harmbny,

and as ofteÔ as t lu • Atlimians heard them pro-

nounced by his éloquent longue, they said that persuasion was flowing a ?< : Erom his lips. In his youth the arts which he had endeavored ko oultivate occupied ail his time. Poetry had charmed him, and his imagination would perhaps hâve been exclusiveîy occupied with it.it thereadingof Eomer, withwhose he had compared his own attempts, had not indnced him to bon the latter.

Be bhoughi that thé théâtre would indemnify him

this sacrifice, hf composée! tragédies, but be-

fore he had them represented, he became acquainted

with Boorates, oftd Buppressed them, to Btudy |>hil<>so-

Ehy. Then he feli a atrong wish to }»• oseful to maniinl. The numerous wars which had taken plaça, particulariy the Peleponnesian war, had andermined, (taper) the good principles and corrupted the tnan- I tin- people. His ambition was exoited by the désire to retorm them. BEe waited foi the time wlim th.- higb places of th.- magis- Iraoy, whieh he would withoui doubt hâve Be< a txttt>

Des adverbes de qualité. 09

ferred upon himself, should enable liim to manife^t his zeal, but tlie little (peu de) success which tlie republic had had in the last years of the war, the defeats which he had seen lier suffer, ail the reverses in which tyranny had shown itself under l'omis constantly (toujours) more terrible, the thoughts (réfiexion) which so niany vicissitudes did not fail to awaken in him, soon convinced him that ail governments are infected (atteindre) by incurable diseases, and that men will be happy only when philosophy shall hâve imposed upon herself the task of ruling them. Thus he could not fulnl the desires which he had formed, and resolved to increase his knowledge and dévote it to the welfare of the hum an race. With that intention (dans cette vice) he visited Egypt and Italy, where the human mind had made considérable progress.

Diet, le régime;

Peloponnesian, du Péloponèse.

Thèmes sur les adverbes de qualité.

Whilst the man of genius is rapidly carried on toward his aims, the man of médiocre talent advances slowly but constantly. — Sylla, (a man of) passionate character, violently led'the Romans to liberty ; Augustus, (an) artful (rusé) tyrant, led them gently to slavery. — Can we say (on) that a man is happy, because he has happily attained the object of his ambition ? If it were possible for us to read his heart, we should clearly see, that new desires hâve been aroused in him by his success, and that his happiness is only apparent. — Your feasts, O inhabitants of thç towns, are magnificent, but we country-people celebrate ours merrily and simply : you enjoy yours outwardly and superficially, whilst our pleasures are deep and true. — Conformably to the marshal's orders, the

1 00 TJibnes.

al sot off rapidly, and attacked the enemy unexpectedly ; tbe lutter retired precipitately. — Yon took suoh a lively iiiterest in niy cause, vou Lave pleaded bo well for it, that it ia very probable that I shall ut Length obtaîn justice. — Do not be displeased at my complaining bitterly; I feel very well. I see clearly, th.it 1 cannoi be happy hère, ami I beseech yon instantly to procure me the meansof leaving this house directly. — The tulip is more magniflcent thau the violet, hutit does not sniell so sweet. It is the portrait of a handsome woinan, who lias no other ad-

vantagea — La the invalid a little lutter to-day ? No, shr is not • [iii t. ■ so well, lier state is worse than (it waa) yoctorday.

To Bel Off, »> nuttif en miireliï.

Thèmes sur la répétition et la place des adverbes.

At this instant T saw, far enongh Erom me, the wise Mentor, bal his face seemed un- \ bo pale and bo Bad, that 1 oonld not feel any joy in (seeing) it— There \.i\ r cold .iii.l violent wind which doubled onr amioyanoes. lu L709 Fenelon,whowasdeeplymoved 1>\ the misery <>f th<' people, gave gratuitoualy ail his oom tu th.' pour. The archanke John had arrived too late t.. take pari at the battle of Wagram, which s>> onhappily deoided the Eate <>f the monarchy. Th.chambers were yesterday opened by the king. ( iuvier waa never Eound i « 1 1 « • ; be never l«'t his mina réel ; be repoaed only by ohanging the object of bis study. We bad emoarked very early (de qrand matin) upon th.- Bteamboat at Basle, ami we arnved in pretty good tiiii.' at Maimh.'iiii. There we fonnd our cousin waiting for us, t.i show us th.' town, which bas very large and tolerably fine buildings : but 1 had already

s. i n eUOUgh oi tin.' stif. ts ami régulai s.|iiar.'S at

and Oarlaruha. We made several excursioni

Adverbes de temps. 101

to Heidelberg, Schwetzingen and Spire, where we saw enough of remarkable things to occupy {fixer) ouï attention for some time. It was thus that our holidays were spent (.

Repc Gooc Holidays

Repose, se délasser ;

Good time, de bonne heure;

Thèmes sur les adverbes de temps.

The celebrated l'Hôpital was nominated chancellor, after having previouslj filled several places in the magistracy. Soon the most worthy men were made judges, for now l'Hôpital took the trouble to examine them himself in order to be sure of their capacity. During the civil trouble he resolved to retire rather than, by his présence, make it believed that he approved of the horrors which were committed. He then went to (dans) a country-seat, where he occupied himself sometimes (tantôt) with (de) rural employments, sometimes in reading the best books.

The night of St. Bartholomew (Barthélémy) had scarcely been decided (upon), when the Guise party pointed him out as one of the victims. This crime, on which we now think only with horror, had been almost accomplished. Suddenly a band of murderers appeared ; his servants asked for his orders to repuise force by force. "No," he said, "if the little door is not wide enough to let them in, open the large one." Happily his servants did not obey him ; they resisted, and the murderers, who were already in the yard, could not penetrate any further ; soon after a troop of cavaliers, who had been sent by the queen, came to his rescue. As soon as they arrived, they put the murderers to night. The commandant appeared before l'Hôpital and announced to him that he was pardoned : " I hâve never done anything but my

102 TiuinCS.

clutv," repliée! lie ; "I did not know tlaat I had evei deserved either deatli or pardon."

To put to flight, mettre en fuite.

Thèmes sur les adverbes de lieu.

Why will you then leave Gerniany, om- dear country, to s. t tic in America? Do you ïiope there to find more happiness and peaoe than (you do) hère? Wëro you then not hère, Borne days ago, in fchat Berne rooiD| when a traveller gave tua taie sad description of thu aufferinga to which thepoor emigrants are expoaed in America, before they meet with the meana of liyelîhood ? ll"\v nianv are there who return after having anffered every kind of misfortane and privation ! shall tli. re be bereafter written apoD yonr tomb : Hère liea a atranger, who lias exiled himself from liis Eatherland to 8eek Lmaginary wealth ? ls fchia yonr intention? Are thèse the alltirements (appaa) which oan attraei yon? (>ur oonntry-house is main and amall, luit I like to !"• there, whal Bhonld 1 aak more? It is aituated at the fooi ol a amiling liill ; there are gre< n meadowa ail aronnd, a littlelake lies quite nejar, and its oharming banka, around which wooda and fielda extend, offex ua a pictareaqne prospect The bonae i> amall, but clean; there are do Bnmptnons aparunents, bnî I there enjoy contentment and tran- .piillitv, which I hâve fcoo long aonght elaewhere iu vain.

Ltralhood, taU

Thèmes sur les adverbes de quantité et de comparaison.

The bnrning of the Tower of London oanaed a losa ainounting to al leaai liait' a million aterling ; înany oalcnlate thaï it aniounted to aearly a million, it is

Adverbes de quantité. 103

a building so full of great associations (souvenir) connectée! with English history, that its partial destruction niay be considered as a national misfortuno, Thus, at least, those speak of it who so much regret this irréparable loss, and wlio wih\still regret it for a long time. Many tears were shed at the sight of this conflagration. The fiâmes devoured a number of trophies, the destruction of which is lamented by many persons more than that of ail the rest. Only very few could be saved. The cause of the fire is not exactly known. At half past nine a sentinel saw a thick column of smoke rise from the armory, and in a very short time the whole building was in fiâmes.

The Tower, la Tour;

Connected with, qui se rattache à ;

Lamented, déploré;

The armory, la salle d'armes.

The more virtue one has the further (plus éloigné) one is from being proud oî it, and the more one is bent upon (à) doing only one's duty. — The more one examines (into) the causes of poverty, the more one perceives that the want of éducation is the great cause that produces the largest number of unhappy men, as weh as of criminals. — It was, at the most, four years since (que) the French révolution had already destroyed (faire périr) the most noble victims, from the meanest citizen to the monarch. — The gênerai had committed faults ; this cannot be denied ; but he committed (avoir) no greater wrong (tort) than his predecessor ; he was, however, taken (traduire) before a council of war, which condemned him to death. If the latter was found innocent, ought they not also to hâve liberated the former ? But no more reproaches, which cannot recall the past. — If you do not take a walk, I also shall not go out ; I should only hâve done so (le) to accompany you. The cathedral of Strasburg is about 30 feet lower than the highest Egyptian pyramid, and about 60 feet higher

104 Thèmes.

than the steeple of St. Stephen's at Yienna. — Hère are flowers in abundance. Still more inake their appearance in (à) the génial (Irienfaisant) beat of the sumuier : moreover, the trees promise abondance (une riche récolte) of fruit.

St. Stephen, St. Etienne.

Thèmes sur l'emploi de la négation.

Are you not ashamed of not having yet fulfilled your promise to answei my question? Hâve yon not given me vour werd not to D6 Long in BO doing (faire attendre longtemps) ? I know, indeed, that yon do not write often, beoause your occupations do not easily aUow yon, bnt I oannot belieye you hâve no timo at ;ill. and tli.it yon tannoi dévote a few moments feo yonr Eriend. I hâve been told, indeed, that yon do not likr ko engage in s corrêspondenoe ; bnt not that yon do not write al alL Surely yon are not angrv with m . and 1 hâve (ocmdtttonnel) not offend-

ed yon by an involnntary imprudence ? Has anybody prejudiced itt-cn pas nui) yon against me

(auprès dt vo - ? Le! me nope that aH the efforts of îuv enemiee to attain their ena will not influence yon. Von know well (interr. neg.J that everybody is not tint litul véridxqtu I, and that one oan rêly only on a few. Mevez believe those who doubt my fe< ling towards you.

To doubt, mettre en doute.

Notbmg is of briffer dnration thanboauty; nothing is more aad thaa the old âge of s woman who has de» sired su aothingbnt to shine by her beaaty. — Yirtno dots Doi make S inan prond. — The Christian religion, whioh seems bo hâve no other aim khan to seonre ont happû Eter, also makes ( rendn I os bappy in

Adverbes de négation. 10a

this world. — No doubt, it is good to distribute prizes, but it would be better to give none than to give tliem without discrimination. — Fénelon says that those who bave never been unhappy understand notbing ; they really neitber know what it is to be bappy, nor to be misérable. The monks bave notbing in common with the state, nor tbe state with tbem. — After Washington ,had triumphed over the English be undertook against the factions at home a contest not less difncult. — Arnaud said to those who wished to persuade him to take more rest : Shall I not hâve the whole of eternity to repose in ? — Havè you ever breathed in your splendid apartments the pure air of the country ? — The swan knows how to fight and how to vanquish without ever attacking. — The Romans always concluded peace only as conquerors. — Why do you not speak ? "Why do you not reply the smallest word to my questions ? I do not know what to think of such behavior.

The air of the country, Vair des champs.

The fear of being ridiculed suppresses (étouffer) more talents and virtues than it corrects faults. — The m an who sells himself is always paid more than he is worth (valoir). — Whilst I was ill, wrote Voltaire to Frédéric the Great, your Majesty bas gained more victories than I bave had fits of fever. — Can it be (cond.) possible that a descendant of the Scythians should know the state of ancient Greece better than a modem Greek knows it ? Yes, it is so ; the light of knowledge does not always shine over the same people. — Are not the pleasures of the world deceitful? do they not promise much more than they afford ? — There are niany noble examples which are more admired than imitated. — My dear friend, no one can wisli you more happiness than I do. Oh ! could I only prove to you by actions, better than I hâve hitherto done by words, how sincère thèse feelings are. — We generally fear less than we hope. — Would 5*

100 Thèmes.

vou be Lappier in tbis higk position than when jou

lived in obaeurity ? By no means. Do not hope to

. L dare not say more, but I inucli fear that you

Avould not be happier there than those bave beenwho

hâve preceded you, and who hâve found nothing but

Rousseau Eeared that peoplewould not lot him

be more quiet in bis little island than they had donc

in ïverdon. — Why do you Bpeak qnite di fièrent ly frein

what you write? Do you not fear that on you will

be distrusted ae dfâU r </<■). — The honest man does not

fear to be criticisea ; he bas for himseli fche peaoe of

bi^ own oonscienoe, which preventa Blander (mêdi-

from tenu, nting him.

To prevent, tmpêehêr,

There ia do bo3 bo unfertile that one cannot draw sninc advantage Erom it. - M\ body, said Biron to bis

j . lias nol a \ tin that lias nof bled for you. —

'l'h re are few men who hare no delusiona (ae /aire uoerning their own m. Ht. La there in fchia world a happj man who haa not Bometimes to suffer? Not a singlî *ne oannol denj that outward oir-

cumstancea exercise a gréai influence over happineas,

oibal reaolved to oroas the Alpa before wintei had made th. m unpracticabl* \ i8co de Gama doubled tl, I Eope before Columbua

re I America.- Bince I saw 3 the oir-

cumatancea are quite différent Erom what tin y were, and if Borne unfoxeseen event dors not extneate us Erom our embarraaament, I do not know how we eau aocompliah that great enterprise. — One aever attacked Voltaire withonl repentingof it, fornobody knew, like him, how to handle the dangeroua weapon of ridicule, Would that he had t~il) limited

himaelf to repelling his enemies, without ever touoh-

To lundle, manier.

Adverbes de négation. 107

'Jphigenia to her f ailier.)

O my fatlier ! Why hâve I not the éloquence of Orpheus ? why cannot I move (fléchir) your heart according to my wish ? but I possess no power, but tbat of tears. Do not take me away from the bgbt of day, m (à) tbe flower of my âge ; it is so sweet to enjoy it ; do not plunge me into darkness (ténèbres) ! Am I not Ipbigenia? Am I not tbe first tbat gave you the tender name of fatber? I fear tbat you bave forgotten thèse sweet remembrances. You once said to me : " O my daughter, may I some day see thee in the bouse of a virtuous husband, and know thee to be more happy than mortals dare hope to be !" — And I said : " O my fatber, may it bereafter be permitted to me to receive you into my palace, and to reward you for (de) the care wbicb my youth received from you." — It is impossible tbat you sbould not remember tbis conversation. — No, I do not fear that you can ever forget it, yet you nevertheless cause me to die ! No, my fatber ! by (au) the name of Pelops, by the name of my mother, I will not cease to implore you ; promise not to offer sucb a cruel sacrifice ; permit not the daring priest to lay his murderous band upon your innocent daughter ! No ! I hâve bad no part in tbe union of Paris and Helen ; I bave notbing to do witb them, and tbeir marriage sbould not be more fatal to me than it has been to them. Do not turn away your look, and if you will not leave your poor daughter inconsolable, embrace ber once more. If I cannot move you by my discourse, I would at least carry tbis token of love witb me to deatb.

To my wish, à mon gré ;

Lay his hand, porter la main.

Thèmes sur les régime des prépositions.

Unless one is (inf.) entirely witbout feeling, one cannot raise tbe eyes to beaven witbout being im-

108 Thème*.

pressed (touché) by its magnificence. What is the eartb, comparée! with (auprès) those immense laminons bodiés a\ hk-h are susjjended above our heads ? How little the earth is bj the side (auprès) of such wonders. If we are not impressed with the omnipotence of God, it is not for want of a testimony whioh déclares it to us. Onght we to become indiffèrent to it (//> because (à force) we every day behold it (inf.) ? The glcnry of God has m ail âges lilied mankind, even the most sayage races, with (de) admiration; Before (rod spoke to mon, he gave them that book of nature-, that tney migfrt read tnerein (<>fi his glôry ; and as to the langnage in whioh it is written, that i/'/i is understood by »viT\- one. A reflection <>f the light of heayen seems to oome t<> os from the sky (pL) to make u.-> anticipate (pressentir) its endless magni£> eence.

In ail . de tout tempe.

Thèmes sur les remarques.

Bren 1>« f<>iv the accession of Frederick, it might be inferred [juger) Eroai his oharaoter that his ministera would be oothmg but bis secretaries, and that hif erals would only be his aides-de-camp. Fortunate oiroumstance* permitted him t<> display before the worid the talents whioh he bad ooltivated in retirement. It

is tt a days siiK-r (qw) I anhrd at Berlin; BO I c.ui-

not yct 1. 11 you iimch (grand chose) of this large bown, which is a centre (foyer) of learning (sciences) in Gtar* many. 1)<> sol expert an exact description for rayerai : Erom ail appearances I shall only be able to give this to yon after the ni « year. Amongsl othex celebrated m< n, there is als.> hère the philosopher s., whose réputation is so brilliant in and ont of Ger-

niany. I tri.'d, nnhappily in vain, to be présent at

his opening addresa, bat do one could be adniitted

De la préposition. 101)

(avoir accès) except the tliree hundred persons who had received tickets of admission (carte d'entrée). J was therefore outside the room, and could only distinguish a f ew words ; that was ail. — Hère I am, Sir ! after the report that is spread, you will require of me a strict account of my apparently culpable actions. Hère is my excuse in a few words ; it was the only means which I had of saving a friend. That is ail that I can say to justify my conduct. I shall willingly submit to any punishment which you shall inflict upon me. It will, in any case, be a light thing to me in comparison with the sorrow of having offended you.

Accession, avènement ;

- Retirement, la retraite ;

A light thing, léger.

Before a man writes (inf.) the history of his life, he ought to (il faut) make it worthy of being related ; that is what so many authors of niemoirs ought to take more to heart. — How many of those writings hâve not appeared (impers.) within twenty years ? From (the moment of) their publication they met with (trouver) the réception which they deserved. — Toward the end of the year 1813, when France had to fight against nearly ail Europe, and when its enemies were marching from ail sides toward its frontier, it sincerely desired peace ; the former feeling of the Emperor Alexander toward Napoléon, gave him hope that it would be possible to separate him from his allies, but ail his endeavors were fruitless against the strong will of the Bussian emperor, whose friendship for the allied monarchs, and particularly for the unhappy king of Prussia, could not be shaken. — Go this afternoon to Augustus, who is obliged to remain the whole day at home ; or if you prefer it, go to our uncle, who is busy in the garden near the fountain ; help him to water his flowers, which are almost al] (some excepted) half withered (up) by the heat of tha

110 Thèmes.

Sun. — You cannot romain with me, for you know tliat I spend ail my afternoons with my invalid friend, — The picture gallery of the Louvre is near tlie Tuileries.

Fountain, jetefeau.

In southern France the climate is milder than in tlie north of Bpain, although the average (moyen) température in Bpain is higher than in France. — The journey to Bordeaux, whiefa 1 hâve already made several tinu's, lias Utile charm for nie; a journey to Marseâlles or Italy would be much more to (de) my taste. — lt is in >t in Paris thaï yououghl to Btay if you wisfa for quiet. — 11 Mas known indeed thaï the oon« Bpiratora had concealed themselves in Paris, but in the absence of a good police, and in the midsl of the disorders in which the capital was then placed, it was doI possible to seize (< • them. For nearly three years theyhavebeen al worfc on the railway which wiil onite the t\\<> capitals; now we hope il will be finished in a year, and we shall hâve made a line of more than LOO leagues m Length in lésa than fonjr years. Ldving in Paris is nol nearly so dear as in England; a Bojourn in London for three months lias above 3,000 francs, thongh 1 was not always •:. hut spent a t'.w weeks in the country wixh Borne friends.- This tradesman is seldom al home ; he i-. m arly always in town, or travelling on business. — I se in st. Pi fcer's ai Rome the mosl magnificent

paintings of the groaù st masters of Italv. xou will nol liinl my brother ai home, he is al church as usual on Sniulay.- The minister wenl al 8 o'clock to the palace to oongratulate the king on his birth-day (à

—Tlif thi.'f had fled into the house and was taken only with tlif- Bculty.

Liyins in,

l'till.llU,

Remarques sur quelques conjonctions. 1 ] 1

Thèmes sur les conjonctions.

The emperor determined to return quicldy into France, to accelerate tlie levy of new troops, when he saw at Smorgoni tlie misérable remains of his army. — Tliere are inore critics tlian artists ; as (comme) art is much more clifficult tlian fault-finding (le blâme). — ■ As soon as Columbus had discovered America, and tlie news had spread in Europe, tlie envious pretended that this part of the world liad been known to the ancients in former times. — "When one looks at (contemple) the Egyptian pyramids, when one recalls the immense labor they must hâve required, and when one considers that they are only empty tombs, one cannot suppress a painful feeling. — You remarked to me, wrote Voltaire to Lord Harvey, that Peter the Great has as much merit as Louis XIV., that lie was the creator of a nation, that he civilized his people, protected the arts and sciences, and triumphed at last over ail his enemies ; you tell me, however, that his century is not called the century of the Czar Peter, and that I therefore should not call the previous century, that of Louis XIV., but you will yet admit that Peter formed himself on fche model of other nations, and transplanted their arts into his empire, and you must confess that Louis instructed the nations, and became useful to them even by his faults. So says Voltaire, but it is very doubtful whether thèse reasons will be conclusive (convaincant) to other nations.

Suppress, étouffer;

Remark, faire observer ;

Admit, convenir.

Thèmes sur les conjonctions.

Csesar was gênerai, orator, and author. He had extraordinary courage ; and a gentleness (douceur),

112 Thèmes.

wkich is selclom combined Avith that quality, tem pered its effects. Those who find fault with hia ambition render full justice to his benevolence. He never allowed hîmseli to be discouraged by obstacles, uni' frightened by dangers. He neither feared bdï esteemed his enemies sufficiently, and his self-confidence was perhaps <>ne of the principal causes of his min, as lie wonld neither puni&h Lis adversaries noi lianish tlicm fiuin Rome.

Wnen Tacitus Bpeaks of famé, he confesses that it is the passion of the wise, and if he had foîly exci lus mind, he wonld certainly hâve told us, that it was his own [passion). — When we hear a mail boasting thaï he despises glory and everywhere ] »ul »lishing his opinion, tins is a good reason for noi believmg him. Even though ne Bhonld repeal it a hundred tîmes to me, I shonld doubt it only tho more,

To bOBSt, «• ranUr.

filen pass(away) Eke ffowers which flonrîsh (in) the morning, and Eaae (in) the evening.- Lofe is short; tel us then endeavor to make good use of the présent, for we shonld never connl upon the future. Can the moment ofdeath ever seem Car from us, seeing that we are noi certain of to-morrow ? We are mortal, and therefore death threatens us every hour.- As al] my représentations baye been vain, and as you wonld noi follow my advice, it is necessary for me tak< more measures. I shall <h> bo, because I unhappily see feoo distinctly thaï Longer indulgence may bave the niost nnlanclicilv f/tmesU conséquences, and particularly because I shonld violate the most sacred dnty, winch I imposed upon myself when I received von into my house. [f then I hâve recourse to what is disagreeabie to you, this is because I hâve no othex means of bringing you back again to the right path. So be noi astoniàned ai d* I the change o! my oonduct tow.inl you. Lt is you that hâve compellied «M

Remarques sur quelques conjonctions. 113

to it. By what I tell you, you will easily perceive that nothing but a sincère repentance and a firm resolution to reform yourself, can inspire me with othei feelings. Thus I act, because I wish to fulfil my duty toward you in its whole extent.

Flourish, écîore ;

Means, expédient.

See how the flowers droop, and how the grass fades when the sun has scorched (dessécher) the earth during several weeks with his burning rays ; but see also how vegetable life revives and displays its finest treasures, when a gentle rain refreshes the earth as well as the air. We cannot conceive how the whole earth should revive in so short a time. — How can men embitter the few days they hâve to spend on earth by (such) passions as hatred and envy ? As christians, they violate the laws of their divine master ; as intellectual beings, they act against the laws of reason. — It was only through war that Alexander's burning wish for (de) glory could be fulfilled. — If we could only in our youth possess somewhat of the expérience which years bestow, at our own expense, we should not only think otherwise, but also act differently. — Only tell me openly the whole truth. You hâve only that means of repairing your offence. The most entire avowal can alone disarm the just anger of your father. — If men had only the conviction that vice gives nothing but imperfect and disturbed enjoyments, they would not buy them at the price of the remorse which is sure to follow them. If man had only a physical nature (corps) and instinct like animais, death could put an end (mettre fin) to his existence ; but he has a soûl which is conscious of a divine origin and cher* ishes the hope of one day living again.

Revive, se ranimer;

To be conscious of, sentir.

114 T] ternes.

Altliough Plato lias often been attacked as a pliilos« ophor, lie lias nevertheless alvvays been admired as an autlior. Whatever may hâve been said against hiui, it must be confessed that while (en) using the iinest language of the world, lie lias yet added to its beauty. — At lirsfc lie exercised hiniself in writing epic poems (dans l genre épique), but he waa too good a judge (of wtiat is) beautiful (du beau), to allow his poems t<> be Been after those of Homer; lie burnt tlicni, Avril perceiving that he eould never be equal to hini. — Through Eear of deceiving myself, and parti* oularly through the fear that von might K> tronbled by my suspicions, 1 hâve avoided inlorming you of my fears, but 1 oannot any longer be silent. — Sully s;iw onlv the nsefulness of a navy ( marine), whilst Colbert lia<l the glory of ereating one ; and he did so whilst France, exhausted by long wars, seemed unable to make the new sacrifices whien Buch an enterprise rendered necessary Oolbert aLao eon*

Btructed faire éUxbUr) the oana] of Languedoc, whilst Sully onlv formed the plan (of that work) (en). As Sully had to repair the terrible disorders oaused l>y the League, bo Colberl had to hea] the wounda whien the feebleand Btormy govemment of Louis X 111. Lad infiieted apon (fain â Pranoe.

JL.ii a troond, flrmtr une plaie.

People wil] soon persuade thee, said Apollodorua to t li. voung Oommodus, that thou art ail mighty, but buod languagp is deoeitfnl, as the limita ol thy power are defined by the laws. They will tell thee also that thon art adored by thy people. Liston ta On) the daywhen Nero poisoned his brother, they t >ld him he had saved Borne. Wnen he had slaughtered his wife they exclaimed that itwasonly justice. Li t this example teach thee what flattery is, and liou it oan insult târuth. Although thy courtiers might ilatti r thee yet more, thy people would nu ver-

Memarqv.es sur quelques conjonctions. 115

theless (only) hâte and despise tliee. Thou mayest be sure (Puisses-tu être convaincu) of tliat truth.

Flatter, encenser {ace.)

Récapitulation.

One day they (on) asked Marcus Aurelius if there was money enough to carry on the war : " Yes," he said, pointing to the costly fumiture (meubles) of his palace, " as thèse treasures belong to me, the state may claini them in case of want. Let those vain ornaments, which hâve served so long to adorn (oV ornements) my palace, be employed in the defence of the State." I was near him when he gave that order, and he said to me, seeing me astonished : " Ought I then, instead of sacrificing thèse vases of gold, to cause the earthenvessels of tlo poor to be sold? My friend, if thèse things hâve cost years, their sale will be a feeble compensation for the evils inflicted on humanity. Besides, when we love our country we can easily sacrifice our property to its happiness." — Romans, you will agrée with me, even if thèse walls were covered with gold, they would still not hâve the splendor which they now hâve in their barrenness. Only men of low mind could hâve seen Csesar's palace in that state without being moved. It was like a temple which has no (n'a pour) ornament but (que) the divinity which inhabits it. Oh, could it only hâve served longer as (de) a shelter for the magnanimous emperor ! — He was not only severe toward him self, but he refused also to others what he was not justiûed (autoriser) in giving them. He the more resisted hia inclination to be libéral (à la libéralité) because it resembles a virtue, and while enriching one m an it often abandons (livrer) others to misery. "Whilst the other emperors bribed the soldiers to obtain them as a support against Rome, Marcus Aurelius neither flat-

116 Thèmes.

tered nor feared tliem. He granted them only Avlmt tlio state ewed theni. He did not -svish thafc, enriched by liiin, tliey should accnstom theniselves to make a différence between their duties as (de) soldiers and their duties as citizens.

To point to, montrer, ace.,

An earthea vesscl, un vase d'argile,

You will BiZTee, tous en contiendrez.