ati spirituel, as regards spiritual matters

1. 40. qui avait àr'c. In the year 833 the Emperor Louis I, son and successor of Charlemagne, having had to yield to his sons who were in rébellion against him, was subjected by the Bishops and other clergy to an ignominious penance, which entailed loss of knighthood and consequently déposition from his throne.

Page 135.

I. 3. loi fondamentale. The dispute alluded to hère by Voltaire arose from the publication of Bellarmine's De potestate summi potitificis in iemporalibus, printed at Rome by Zanetti in 16 10. Although opposed to the direct power of the Holy See in temporal matters, Bellarmine established a privilège of indirect jurisdiction carrying along with it in certain extraordinary cases the right of deposing kings, if the interests of religion required it. The Parlement of Paris, organ in this instance of public opinion, passed (November 26, 1610) a sentence condemning the De potestate. This decree roused the animosity of the clergy, and Du Perron obtained from the Queen Régent that its exécution should be postponed. The name of Loi fojidamentale was given to the protest sent in by the Tiers-état through the médium of the deputies of Ile de France. On ail this subject see M. Picot's Histoire des États généraux, vol. m. pp. 359—371, and 505— 5i7-

1. ir. de ce monarque. ' A remonstrance for the right of Kings' (in French), published in 161 5.