concordat : a convention between the pope and any

governnient for the settling of ecclesiastical relations. By the concordat of 1516 the nomination of bishops to the vacant sees was left to the king.

Léon X, Giovanni de' Medici, son of Lorenzo the Magnificent, succeeded Pope Julius II. in 1513. A great admirer of antiquity, he promoted literature and the arts, and his name has been given to one of the most brilliant periods of history. He died in 1521. 16. 8. les jansénistes : a party in the Roman Catholic Church, who maintained, in opposition to the Jesuits, the Augustinian doctrine of free grâce, as expounded in the great work Augustinus published in 1640 by Jansenius, a Dutch theologian and bishop. In spite of the support of the scholars of Port Royal and of Pascal, the book was condemned by the pope, Port Royal was destroyed, and in 1713 the bu 11 Uhigenitus compelled the Jansenists either to recant or to secede from the Church. les gallicans : see next note.

11. aux quatre propositions de Bossuet : thèse four propositions, which established the freedom of the Gallican Church, were drawn up in convocation by the French clergy in 1682. They were as foUows : (1) The

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pope has no power over princes and kings in secular matters. (2) He is subject to the decrees of a gênerai council. (3) His authority in France is regulated by the laws and customs of the kingdora and church. (4) In matters of faith his décision is not unalterable. Bossuet, who presented thèse propositions to the approval of the clergy, is the most illustrions preacher and theologian that France has ever producea. Born in 1627, he was appointed preceptor to the Dauphin in 1670, and raised to the See of Meaux {Vaigle de Meaux) in 1681. He died in 1704.