V. , /() escape
éclair, s.m
., lightning.
éclairer, v
, to light.''
éclater, v.
to break ont.
to bnrst.
école, s.f..
school.
écorce, s.f.
, barli.
écossais, e
adj.. Scotch.
écouler, v.
to flo'w away
to pass
écraser, \ .
to criish.
s'écrier, v.
to say, to call
ont.
écrire, \'.,
to Write.
s'écrire, v., to be written.
écrit, s.m., ivriting.
écriture, s.f., writing.
écrivain, s.m,, writer.
écurie, s.f., stable.
effacer, w , to rub ont, to efface.
effaré, e, adj., scarcd.
effet, s.m., eftect.
effrayer, v., ro f right en.
s'effrayer, v., to be frightencd.
effroi, s.m., terror, fright.
église, s.f. , church.
égoïste, adj., selfish.
s'élancer, v. , to rush.
VOCABULAKV
élevage, s. m., icaniig, biccding.
élève, s. m., ptipil.
élevé, p.p.. fiigli.
élever, v., to raise.
s élever, v. , to moitnt to.
élire. %., to elect.
élite, s.f., fick.
s'éloigner, v., to go au'ay.
embarasser, to encumber, to cm-
embarquer. v. , to go on board.
embêter, v., to bore.
embouchure, s.f. , inouth of a river.
embrasser, v., to embrace.
emmener. \., to lead aïcay.
s'emparer, v. , to seize.
empêcher, v.. tohindcr, to pyevent.
empereur, s. m., emperoy.
emplir, v , tofill.
emploi, s. m., use.
employer, v., to use.
empocher, v. , to put in one's
p.'cket.
emporter. \-. , to eany mcay.
s empresser, v. , to hasten.
emprunter, v. , to bornyw.
en, pn. . gen. of il, elle.
en. pr. . ;/;. /t>.
encadrer, n'. , to framc, to enelose.
enclume, s.f., anvil.
encore, adv. ,jr/, still, agaiii.
endroit, s. m., place.
en face, adv., opposite.
enfant, s. m.f. , child.
enfin. ad\'., ai last.
s'enfuir, v., to run au-ay. s'engager v-. , to undertake.
énigme, s. m., riddle.
enlever, v., to carry off.
ennuyer, w , to bore.
énorme, adj., enormous.
enregistrer, v. , to register.
enseigner, v. , to teach.
ensemble, adv., togcther.
ensuite, adv., then, later.
entendre, \-.,to liear,to understaiid.
entourer, v., to surround.
envahir, v. , to invade.
envoyer, v. , to send.
entier, ère. adj., wliole.
entraîner, v'. . ^' hring.
entre, pr. , ainongst, betu-een.
entrée, s.f., entrance.
entreprise, s.f., entcrpvise.
entrer, \'., to enter.
environ, adv., about, nearly.
environner, \\ , to surround.
environs, s.m.pl. , neighbourhood.
épais, se, adj., thick.
épaule, s.f., shoulder.
épée, s f. , sii'ord.
épice, s.f., spice.
épicier, s.m., grocer.
éponge, s.f., sponge.
époque, s.f., time.
épreuve, s.f., print, proof.
épuiser, v., to exhaust.
errer, v. , to ivander.
équivaloir, v., to be equal to.
Escaut, s. m., Sclieldt.
esclave, s. m.f., slave.
espace, s. m., space.
Espagne, s.f., Spain.
espagnol, e, adj., Spanish.
espérance, s.f., hope.
espoir, s. m., hope.
épouser, v., to marry.
esprit, s. m., intelligence, spirit.
essayer, v., to try.
essouflé, e. p.p , oui of breath.
est, s. m., cast. ["/" river.
estuaire, s. m., estuary, iride inouth
établissement, s. m., establishment.
étage, s. m., story.
étaler, v. , to spread ouf, to display.
état. s. m., state. État, s m..
State.
s'étendre, v., to strctch, to extend.
étendue, s.f., extent, strctch. éteindre, v. , to put oui.
étinceler, v. , to sparkle.
étiquette, s.f., label.
étoile, s.f., star.
étonner, v., to astonish.
étouflFer. v., to smother.
étourdi, e, adj., reckless, mad,
stunncd.
étourneau.. s. m., starling.
étrange, adj., strange.
étranger, s. m., foreigner. à
1 étranger, abroad.
être, \ . , to be.
VOCABULARY
étriller, v. , to comb.
étroit, e, adj., narrow.
étudier, v. , to study.
eux, pn., pi. of lui.
évaluer, v. , to estimate.
évanouir, v. , to faint.
évaporer, v. , to evaporatc.
évêque, s. m., bishop.
éviter, w, to avoid.
exactement, adv., exactly.
exagérer, v , to cxaggerate.
excès, s. m., excess.
exclusivement, adv., exdiisively.
exercer, \'. , to exercise.
exiger, \., to rcquire.
exister, v. , to exist.
expédier, v., to send off.
expliquer, v. , to explain.
exprès, adv., on purpose.
exprimer, v. , to express.
exterminer, v., to exterminate.
extrait, s. m., extract.
fabriquer, v., to make.
façon, s.f. , manner.
facteur, s. m., porter.
faible, adj., iveak.
faiblesse, s.f., weakness.
faillir, v. , to fail, to nearly do
something.
faim, s.f., Iiiiiiger.
famille, s.f., family.
fainéant, s. m., idle fellow.
faire, v., to make, to do. faire
faire, to cause to be doue.
faire chaud, to be uarni.
faire face à, to meet.
faire une niche, to play a trick.
faire place à, to give luay to.
faire semblant, to prétend.
fait, s. m., fact.
fait-divers, s. m., varions crimes,
etc.
falloir, V. , to be necessary.
fatiguer, to tire.
faute, s.f., fault.
faute de, for lack of.
femme, s.f., woman, wife.
fendre, v., to split.
fenêtre, s.f., tvindow.
fer, s. m., iron.
fer à cheval, s. m., horse-shoe.
ferme, s.f., farm.
fermer, v., to shut.
féroce, adj., savage, wild.
festin, s. m, , feast.
feu. X, s m.,/;r, light.
février, s. m , February.
fidèle, adj., faithfid.
fidèlement, adv., faithfully.
fier, ère, adj., proiid.
fièrement, adv., proudly.
figure, s.f., face.
fil, s. m., thrcad, cotton.
file, s.{.,fle. à la file, i>i single
fie, in roii'S.
filer, V., to veer away, to run, to
s pin.
fille, s.f., daughter. jeune fille,
girl.
filet, s. m., net.
fillette, s.f., Utile gui.
fils, s. m., son.
fin, sf. , end.
finir, v., to end, to finish.
fixe, ad}.,fixed.
flairer, v. , to smell.
flanc, s. m., side.
flatter, v. , to flatter.
flèche, s f. , arroii', spire.
fléchir, V., to bend, to bow.
flocon, s. m., flake.
fonction, office.
fonctionnaire, s. m., officiai.
fonder, v., to found.
force, s.f., strength.
force, adj., many.
flots, s. m. pi., ïcaves. foi, s.f., futli.
fois, s.f.. timc. à la fois, at once. follement, adv., madly.
fonction, s.f., dut les.
fond, s. m., bottom, back.
fondateur, s. m. , founder.
fonder, v., to found.
fondre, v., to fall, to rush.
fontaine, s.i., fountain.
force, s.f., strength.
forgeron, s. m., blacksmith.
former, v., to form.
formuler, v. , to make.
fort, adv., much, very ; strongly.
VOCAHULARY
fort. e. adj., stiong.
fosse, s. m., </(7i7i.
fou. s, s. m., nuidman.
fouet, s. m., ahip.
fouiller, v. , to fed, to fumbU.
foule, s.f., crùicd.
fournir, v. , to funtish.
frais, fraîche, a.dj., fresli.
frais, s. m. pi., ixpenscs.
Franc s. m., Frank.
franc, que, adj., Fraiikisli.
français, s. m , Fnnch.
franchement, adv., franhly.
frapper, w . to strike.
fraude, s.f., trick.deceit.
frémir, v., to qui ver.
frère, s. m., brother.
froid, s.m., cold. un froid de
loup, bitter ireather.
fromage, s.m., cheese.
front, s.m., forehead.
frontière, s.i., /routier.
fruitier, s.m., frttit-seller.
fuir, V., to fly.
fuite, s.i.,flight.
fumer, v., lo smoke.
funèbre, adj., funeral.
furieux, se, adj., /hWoks.
gagner, v., to gain, to win, toearii.
gai. e, adj., gay.
gallois, e. adj., IVelsh.
gambader, v. , to gambol.
garçon, s.m., boy, n'aiter. vieux
garçon, bachelor.
garde -champêtre, s.m., constable.
garder, w . tv guard, to keep.
se garder, v., to take care not to.
gardien, s.m., shepherd.
gare, s.f., station.
garnir, v. , to furnish.
gâteau, x, s.m., cake.
g^ter, V., to spoil.
gauche, adj.. left, au'ku'ard. à
gauche, on the left.
Gaule, s.f., Gaul.
Gaulois, e, adj., Gallic. Gaulois, e. s.f., Gaul.
géant, s.m., giant.
geler, v. , to freeze.
gémir, v., to groan.
Genève, s., Gcneva.
génie, ■^.m.. gcnius.
genou, X. s.m., kncc.
gens, s. m. pi., people.
gentilhomme, s. m. , gentleman.
germanique, adj., German.
gésir, V., to lie.
gibier, s.m , game.
gigantesque, adj., gigantic.
gilet, s.m., li'aistcoat.
gite. s.f., shelter.
gloire, s.f., glory, famé.
golfe, s.m.. hay.
golfe de Gascogne, s.m., Bay of
Biscay.
gorge, s.f., fliroat.
gouffre, s.m., gulf, abyss.
goût, s.m., taste.
goutte, s.f., drop.
gouverner, v., to rule, to govern.
gracieux, se, adj., pleasing.
grand, e, adj., great, big, tall.
grand'mère, s.f., grandmother.
grand-père, s.m., grandfather.
gras, se, adj., fat. gratter, v., to scratch.
grave, adj., serions.
gravir, v., to ascend.
grec, que, adj., Greek.
grenier, s.m., attic.
grève, s.f., shorc.
grief, s.m., grievance.
grimper, v., to climb.
gris, e, adj., grey.
grognement, s.m., grunt.
grogner, v., to grunt.
gros, se, adj. , fat, big, stout.
grossier, ère, adj., rough, coarse.
ne . . . guère, adv., hardly.
guerre, s.f., uar.
guerrier, s.m., warrior.
guêtre, s.f., spat, gaiter.
gueule. s.i.,ja-u!S.
Guibert, Gilbert.
guichet, s.m., booking-offlce.
guider, v. , to guide.
habiller, w, to dress.
habit, s.m., garment.
habitant, sm. , inhabitant.
habitation, s.f., dwelling.
VOCABULARV
habiter, v., to lire, to durll.
habituer, v. , to accusiom.
hache, s.f., axe.
haie, s.f., hedgc.
hâlé, e, adj., siiiibiinit.
haleine, s, t., breatli.
halles, s.f.pl. , mavket.
hardi, e, adj., bold.
hasard, s. m., chance.
se hasarder, v. , to ventnre.
hâte, s.f., Jiaste.
hâter, v. , to hasten.
haut, e,^ adj., high.
Haute-Écosse, sf., Highlands of
Scotland.
hautain, e. adj., haughty.
hennir, v. , to neigh.
herbe, s. f. , grass.
hériter, v., to inherit.
héritier, s. m., heiv.
hermine, s f. , ci-minc.
héros, s. m., hero.
hésiter, v., to hesitate.
heure, s f , hour, time. de bonne
heure, carly.
heureusement, adv. , happily.
heureux, se, adj., happy.
hier, 3.àv., yesterday.
hisser, v., to Iioist.
histoire, s.f., histoiy, stovy.
hiver, s. m., wintei-.
homme, s. m., man.
honorer, v., tu lionoiiv.
hors, prep. , ont.
hors de, pr. , ont of.
hôte, s. m., host.
houle, s.f., surf, swell.
huile, s.f., oit.
huit, adj., eiglit.
humain, e, adj., human, humide, adj., moist, damp, loet. hurler, v. , to Iwwl.
hutte, s.f., h ut.
Ibère, s. m., Iheviaii.
ici, adv., hcrc.
idée, s.f.. idea.
idiotisme, s.m., idiciu.
il, pn. , lie, it.
île. s.f. , island. [aiit.
illettré, e, adj., nnletteved, igiwr-
illustrer, v. , to illitstratc.
îlot, s.m., sniall island.
il y a, ago, there is, arc.
image, s. f . , pic turc.
imiter, v. , to imitate.
impériale, s.f., box.
impétueusement, adv. , impetu-
inisly.
impôt, s.m., tax.
imprimer, v. , to print.
impuissant, e, adj., poicerless.
indigne, adj., univorthy.
indigné, e, 3.A].^ indignant.
indiquer. \ . , to show.
indiscutable, adj., indisputable.
individu, s.m., individual, soûl.
incendie, s.m.,^;r.
incendier, v., to set fire to.
s'incliner, v. , to hend.
inconnu, e, adj., unlînoicn.
inégal, e, adj., uncqual, unevcn.
infesté, e, p.p., infested.
infliger, v., to inflict.
s'ingénier, \'., to strive.
injure, s.f., insuit.
injustement, adv. , uujustly. innombrable, adj., innumerable.
inondation, s.f.,floiid.
inonder, v., to Jiood.
inouï, e, adj., unheavd of.
inscrire, v., to in scribe.
installer. \., to install.
instantané, s.m., snapshot.
instruire, s.m., to teacli.
instruit, e, adj., learncd.
intendant, s.m., steward.
interdire, v. , toforbid.
intérêt, s.m., in ter est.
intervalle, s.m., in terrai.
introduire, \. , to introducc.
investigateur, adj., invcstigatory.
invité, s.m., guest.
Islande, s. f. , Iceland.
ivoire, s.m., ivory.
jaillir, \-., le giish.
jaloux, se, ad]., jealoiis.
jamais, adv., ever. ne . . .
jamais, adv., never.
jambe, s.f., leg.
janvier, s.m., Januaiy.
\"()CA1U LARV
jappement, s. m. , vappiiif^.
jaxdin, s m., ganieii.
jaune, adj., yellou:
jetée, sA.,jetty.
jeter, v., to tluoîc.
jeudi, s. m., Thursday.
jeune, adj , young.
jeiine fille, s/»/.
jeunesse, s f., youth.
jeu, jeux. s. m., gamc.
joie. s. f., /,iv.
joli, e. adv., pretty.
jonction s.i., jiinction.
jongleur, s. m., u'aiidering minstrel.
jouer. V., to play.
jouer des pattes, to niake off.
jouir. V., to cnjoy.
jour, s. m., day, Hght.
journal, s. m., newspaper.
journée, s f., day.
joyeux, se. a.à]., glad.joyous.
juge, s m., judge.
jugement, s.m.,jiidgmciit.
juif, ve, adj., /t'a'.
juillet, s. m., Jiily.
juin. s. m., Juiie.
Jules, Juliiis.
jusqu'à, pr., iintil, as far as.
au juste, adv., exactly.
justement, adv., ^hs/, exactly.
képi. s. m., military cap
la, pn., fera, of le.
là, adv., there.
lac, s. m., lake.
lacs, s m., snare.
lacustre, adj., lake.
lâcheté, s. f. , cowardice.
là-dessus, adv., thereiipon, upon
that.
laid, e, adj., iigly.
laine, s.f. , wool.
laisser, v., to leave, to let.
lait, s. m., milk.
lancer, to utter, to tliro'u; to hurl.
lande s.f., moor, heath.
langue, s f. , longue, language.
lapin, s. m., rabbit.
large, adj., uide, broad.
large, s. m., open sea.
larme, s.f., tear.
le, pn., ace. of il.
leçon, s.f., Ic'ssoii.
légendaire, ad. , Icgcndary.
léguer, v., to bequeath.
légume, s. m., vegetable.
lendemain, s. m., ncxt day.
lentement, adv., slowly.
lequel, pn., wliich.
les. pn., pi. of le, la.
lesquels, pi. of lequel.
lettre, s.f., let ta-.
lettré, e, adj., leained.
leur, adj., thcir. le leur, pn,,
thetrs.
lever, v., to raise, to levy.
se lever, v., to get up.
lèvre, s.f., ///.
libraire, s. m., bookstilev.
libre, adj., fvce.
lieu, X, s. m. .place, au lieu de,
instcad of.
en lieu de, instcad of.
ligne, s.f., Une.
ligue, s.f., league.
Ligure, s. m., Liguvian.
ligurien, ne, adj., Ligiirian.
limiter, v , to limit, tobound.
lionne, s.f., lioness.
lire, V., to read.
lit, s. m., bed.
littoral, s.m.,coast.
loger. V., to Jioiise, to divell.
loi, s.f., lau\ loin, adv., far.
lointain, e, adj., distant.
loisir, s. m., Icisurc.
long, s. m . , Icngtli .
long, gue, adj., long, à la longue,
m tiinc, at last, in thc long riin. longtemps, adv.. a long u'Iiile.
lorsque, conj., when.
lot. s m., portion.
louange, s. m. , praise.
louer. V., to let.
loup, s. m., wolf.
loyalement, adv.. fairly.
lui, pn., dat, of il, elle, lundi, s. m., Monday.
lune, s.f., ninon.
lunettes, s.f. pi., spectacles.
VOCABULARV
lutte, s. f. , stniggle.
lutter, V., to stniggle.
luxe, s. m., iuxury.
mâchoire, s.f., démonter la, to
dislocate the jaw.
magasin, s. m., shop.
mai. s. m., May.
maigre, adj., thin.
main, s.f, liand.
maintenant, adv., no'u'.
maintenir, v., to keep up.
mais, conj. , but.
maison, s.f. , Jioiise.
maître, s. m., master.
mal, adv., badly.
mal. s. m. , ivrong^ cvil.
mal de mer, s. m., sea-sickness.
malade, adj., ///.
malédiction, s.f, cursc.
malheur à, uvc to.
malheureux, se, adj., wiliappy.
maltraiter, v. , to ill-treat.
mammouth, s. m., mammoth.
Manche, s f , English Channel. manger, v. , to eut.
mangeur, s. m., eater.
manier, v-., to handle.
manière, s f. , manner.
manifester, v., to sluru:
manquer, v., to fall, to miss ; with
int. = to neavly . . .
manteau, x, s. m., mantcl.
marché, s. m., mavket.
marchand, s.m., seller, trader.
marcher, \., to 'walk, to go.
mardi, s.m., Tuesday.
marée, s.f, tidc.
mari, s.m., husband.
marier, v., to marry.
marquer, v., to Jtiark.
mars, s.m., March.
masse, s.f, mass, volume.
massif, s.m., massive.
marteau, x, s.m., hammer.
massacrer, v., to massacre.
matin, s.m., moniiiig.
maudire, v., to curse.
mauvais, e, adj., bad.
me. ace. and dat. of je.
méchant, e, adj., iciched.
mécontent, e, adj., displeased.
médecin, s.m., doctor.
meilleur, comp. of bon.
mêlée, s.f., scrimmage.
même, adv., even.
même, adj., same, self.
menacer, v., to threaten.
ménage, s.m., housekeeping.
ménager, v., to consider.
mendier, v., to beg.
mener, v., to lead.
menton, s.m., chift.
mépriser, v. , to despise.
mer, s.f, sea.
merci, s.m.. thank you.
merci, s.f., mercy.
mercredi, s.m., Wednesday.
Mercure, Mercury.
messager, s.m., messenger.
métier, s.m., /;-((/?zf ; trade.
mettre, v., to put, to place, se
mettre à, to bcgiii.
meuble, s.m., article of furuiture.
meurtre, s.m., murder.
midi, s.m., noon ; soiitli.
mieux, adv., better.
mieux, s.m., best, improvemcnt.
mil, s.m., millet.
milieu, s.m., viiddle. au beau
milieu, in tlie very middle.
militaire, adj., military.
millier, s.m., tliousaiid.
mineur, e, adj., minor.
miroir, s.m., mirror.
misérable, adj., wretclied.
misère, s.f, poverty.
mode, S.Î., fashion.
mœurs, s.f pi., manncrs.
moi. pn., 7, mi. moindre, adj., comp. of petit, moine, s.m., monk.
moins, adv., Icss. au moins, at mois, s.m., month. [least.
moisson, s.f., harvest, crop.
moitié, s.f, half.
monastère, s.m., monastery.
monceau. X, s.m., heàp.
monde, s.m., 'uvrld. tout le
monde, everybody.
monnaie, s.f., money ; change.
monsieur, s.m., Mr., gentleman.
VOCABULARV
mont, s.m., mount.
montagne, s.f. , mountain.
montagne russe, s.f., su-itchhack.
montagneux, se, adj., moun-
.'.(.'.■ :ii.
monter. \ . . to mount, to get up.
monter à cheval, to ride horsemoatrer, \ . , to shou.'. [back.
se moquer, v. , to laugh.
morceau, x, s.m., //av.
mordre, w, to bite.
mort, s.f., death.
mort, s.m., dcad man.
morue, s.f., cod.
mot. s.m.. h-ord.
mouchoir, s.m. , handkerchief.
mouche, s.f., fly.
mourir, v. , to die.
mouton, s.m. , sheep, muttoii.
mouvoir, v., to move.
moyen, s.m., means. mulet, s.m., mule.
mur. s.m., wall.
muraille, s.f., u'all.
musée, s.m., muséum. — de cire,
:. jx-uviks.
musique, s.f., music.
mutuellement, adv. , mutually.
nager, v., to suim.
naissance, s.f., btrth.
naître, v. , to be boni.
nappe, s.f., tablecloth ; stvetch or
si:cct {of uater).
natation, s.f., Su-imming.
navire, s m., vessel.
nécessaire, adj., necessary.
neige, s.f., snow.
nettoyer, v., to clean.
neuf. ve. adj., new.
neuf, num., nine.
neuvième, adj., ninth.
neveu, x. s.m., nephew.
nez, s.m., yiose.
ni . . . ni, conj., neither . . . )ior. niche, s.f., triek. nid, s.m., >icst. noir, e. adj., blaek.
nom, s.m , name.
nombre, s.m., number.
nombreux, se, adj., numéro us.
nommer, w , to name.
nord, s.m., north.
Norvège, s.f., Nonvay.
nos, pi. of notre.
note, s.f., bill.
noter, v., to notice.
notre, adj., our. le nôtre, pn.,
nourrir, v. , to fccd. [ours.
nous, pn. , ;.?, us.
nouveau, elle, adj., ncw. de
nouveau, again.
nouveau-venu, s.m., neiv-comer.
nouvelle s.f., news.
noyau, s.m., kernel.
nu, e, adj., bare.
nuage, s.m., cloud.
nuit, s.f., night.
nul, le, adj., no.
numéro, s.m., number.
obéir, V., to obey.
obtenir, v., to obtain.
occasion, s.f., opportunity.
occuper, v. , to occupy, to employ.
octroyer, v. , to givc.
œil, yeux, s.m., eye.
offenser, v., to offend.
officier, s.m. , oficer. \
oiseau, x, s.m., bird.
oison, s.m. , gosling.
olivier s.m., olive trec.
ombre, s.m. shade, sJtadow.
omettre, v., to omit.
on, pn., one, tliey.
ongle, s.m., finger-nail.
onze, adj., eleven.
onzième, adj., elcvcnth.
opprimer, v., to oppress.
or, s.m., gold.
ordonner, v., to order.
oreille, s.f., ear.
orient, s.m., east.
orme, s.m., elm.
orner, v., to adorn.
oser. V. , to dare.
ossement, s.m., bone.
où, adv., where.
où, pn., in which.
ou, conj., or.
oublier, v., to forget. .
ouest, s.m., west.
oui, adv., y es.
VOCABl'LARV
ourse, s.f., she-hear.
outil, s. m., iniplement, tool.
outre, adv., heyond, further.
ouvrage, s. m., work.
œuvre, s.f., work.
ouvrier, s. m., ivorkman.
ouvrir, ^•. , to opcn.
paille, s.f., straw
pain, s. m. , bread. petit pain,
ruU.
pain d'épices, gingerbread.
paix, s. f . , peace.
palais, s. m. , palace.
paletot, s. m., overcoat.
pâlir, V., to grow pale.
panier, s m. , basket.
pantalon, s. m., trousers.
paquet, s. m., parcel.
par, pr. , hy, throiigh.
paraître, v., to appear.
parce que, conj., becaitse.
parchemin, s. m., parchment.
parcourir, v., to go through.
pardonner, v., io pardon.
pareil, le, adj., similar.
parent, s.m., parent, relation.
parer, v. , to icard off.
parfait, e, adj., perfect.
parler, v., to speak. to talk.
parmi, pr. , among.
parole, s.f., word.
part, s.f., share.
partager, v. , to dividc.
particulier, ère, adj., private,
pecuUar.