Dumont à Honiilly, 9 janv. 1802. Mem. Il, p. r

105. Bowring, mA. X, pp. 382, 383 : lettres de Benlharn à Dumont, 16 fév. 1802: de Dumont à Benlliam. 7 mais 18(i2.

31i NOTES

M A C K I N r 0 s H , PAINE ET G 0 D W 1 N

1. Vindkiœ Galllcœ. Defence of the Frcncli Révolution and its Enpli*;]! admirers, against the accusations of the Right Hon. Edmund Buike, including some strictures on the late production of Mons. de Galonné, by James Mackintosli, London, 1791.

2. The Hights of Man \ being an answer to Mr. Burive's attaoii on Uie Frenoh Révolution, by Thomas Paine, secretary for foreign afi'airs to congress in the American \\i\r-: première partie, 13 mars 1791 ; seconde partie, 7 fcv. 1792.

3. An Enquiry concerning PoUlical Justice, and Us in/luence on gênerai virlue and happiness, 1793. La préface est datée du 7 janvier. — 2* éd., c. 1795. t

4. Refleclions, M'orks, vol. V, pp. 124-1 2.j. The nature of man is intricate; ^ the objects of society are of the greatest iiossiljle complexity ; and tlierefore * no simple disposition or direction of power can be suitable either to man's 1

natuHN or to the quality of his alïairs The' simple governmeiits aie ' v^;

fundamentally defective, to say no worse of them. If you were to conti^mplate

society in i)ut one point of view, ail those simple modes of polity are inli- \

nitely captivating. In effect each would answer its single end mucii more |

pcrfectly than the more complex is able to attain ail its complex purposes. ^

But it is better that the whole should be imperfectly and anomalously

answcred, than that, while some parisare providedforAvitli greatexactness,

others miglit i>e lotallx neglected, or pcrhaps materially injured, Ijy the over

care of a faxoiiritc lucmber. — p. 81 : In your old States you jjossessed

that variet\ nT paris correspond ing with thr varions descriiitions of \\hifh

your commiinily was ha]ipily composed : you had ail that combination,

and ail that opposition of intercsts, you had tJiat action and counleractioii

which, in the nature and in the polit ieal Avorld, from the reciprocal

struggle of discordant powers, draws out the harmony of the universe.

Thèse opposed and connicfing interests \vliich you considered as so great

a bleinish in your old and in our présent cunstitution, intcriiose a salutary

ciieck to ail precipitate resolutions. Tiicy irndcr dcliberation, a matter not

(if clioicc, but of necessity ; they makc ail cliangc a subjecl of conipron)ise,

wiiich naturally bcgets modération; they pioduce leinpeminents... —

I'. 304 : \Ve compensate, \ve reconcile, we balance. We are enabled to

unité iiito a consistent \\liiilc liic varions anomalies and contending pi-in-

(Pp. 00-08) NOTES. 31o

ciples that are lound in Ihe minds and alï'airs of men. Froni hence arises, not an excellence in simplicify, but onc far sui>erioi', an excellence in composition.

5. Lelters on n Régicide Peace, lettcr II, on the genius and eliaracler of the Freneh Révolution as it regards other nations. Works, vol. VIll, p. 182.

— Cf. pp. 179. 181. — Cf. Vindirat. of Xat. Soc. (vol. l, p. 37) : Tlie siniplest Ibrni of governnient is dci<potisiii, wliere ail tlic inferior orl)s of pON\er are nioved raerely by tlie will of the Suprême, and ail lliat are subje(!ted to tiiem, directed in the same nianner, merely ity tlie occasional \\ill of the magistrale.