Fragment, pp

49. Fragment, pp. 52-53. — Le plaisir, denaade fientham {Deoniology, part. T, chap. vi), que j'éprouve à faire plaisir à mon ami, ce plaisir ■n'est-il pas à moi ? La peine que j'éprouve lorsque je suis témoin de la peine de mon ami, cette peine n'esl-elle pas la mienne? Et si je ne ressentais ni plaisir ni peine, où serait ma sympathie?

50. Autohiography, pp. 141-142. La révolution se produit dans ses idées en 1826-1827. Et c'est en ce sens que rinterprètait Markintosh dans sa Dissirtation.

51. V. notre premier volume, chap. second, II.— Cf. Fragment, p. 161 : M. Bentham demonstrated that the morality of an act does not dépend upon the motive. The same motive may gite hirth to acts which are ot the most opposite nature. The man who earns five shillings by his day's labour, and the man who robs him of itas he is retuming at night to his home, both act fron the same motive, the désire of obtaining a few shillings.

52. Cf. Deontology, vol. I, pp. 177-178 : Benevolenoe, or sympatby, may be a cause of fruitless pain where it cannot exert îtself in acts of beneficence. It is no part of the reqniremeuts of virtue that a man sbouki expose hrmself to witness pains, on whose removal or diminution he can exercise not any the slightest influence. No good is done to yourself, and none to others, by throwing yourself in the way of suffering, unmitigable in itself, or of which you are certain that it cannot be mitigatod by you.