acte, s. m. (L. actus), act
acteur, s. m. (L. actorem), actor.
adorer, v. a. (L. adorare), to adore, to worship.
adresser, v. a. (dresser, L.L. drictiare), to address, to direct.
alTalre, s. f. (à, faire), thing, matter, business.
affectueux, se, adj. (affection, L.
affectionem), aflfectionate, warmhearted.
affligé, e, adj. (L. affligere), afflicted, grieved, suffering from.
âge, s. m. (L. aetatem), âge, years, génération.
agir, V. n. (L. agere), to act, to do, to behave, to work ; s'agir, to be in question, to be the matter ; il s'agit de votre vie, your life is at stake.
agiter, v. a. (L. agitare), to agitate, to put in motion, to shake, to disturb.
agréer, v. a. (gré, L. gratum), to accept, to like, to approve.
agricole, adj. (L. agricola), agricultural.
agriculture, s. f. (agriculteur, L.
agricultorem), agriculture.
abî interj. (onomat.), ah ! oh !
al, see avoir.
aider, v. a. n. (L. adjutare), to aid, to help, to assist.
aïe! interj.. Oh ! Ah !
ailleurs, adv. (L. aliorstmi), elsew^here ; d'ailleurs, besides, from another reason.
aimable, adj. (L. amabilis), amiable, agreeable, nice.
aimer, v. a. (L. amare), to love, to like.
air, s. m. (L. aer), air, look, tune; avoir l'air de, to look like, to seem.
aller, v. n. (prob. L. L. adnare). allant, allé. Je vais, j'allai, j'irai, que j'aille, to go, jx) do, to be, to nt ; s'en aller, to go away ; s'en aller grandissant, to go on increasing.
allumette (allumer, L.L. adluminare), match ; allumette chimique, lucifer-match, sulphur-match.
alors, adv. (à, lors), then, at that time,
ambitieux, se, adj. (L. ambitiosus), ambitious.
ami, e, s. m. f. (L. amicus), friend; ami de, a friend of, friendly to.
amour, s. m. (L. amorem), love.
amuser, v. a. (inuser, etym. ?), to
amuse, to entertain, to intereet.
an, s. m. (L. annus), year.
VOCABULARY
ancien, ne, adj. (L.L. antianus), ancient, old, or old standing, former.
âne, s. m. (L, asinus), ass, blockhead, fool.
ange, s. m. (L. angélus), angel.
animal, s. m. (L. animal), animal, doit, fool, beast, brute,
animé, e, part, (animer, L. animare), animated, incensed.
année, s. f . (an), year.
annoncer, v. a. (L. annuntiare), to announce, to proclaim, to foretell.
antiquité, s. f. (antique, L. antiquus), antiquity.
apercevoir, y. a. (L. ad percipere), to perceive, to discover, to observe.
aplatir, v. a. (plat, Germ. origin), to flatten, to crush.
aplomb, s. m. (à plomb, L. plumbum), equilibrium, perpendicularity, plumb ; assurance, self-command, self -possession.
appeler, v. a. (L. appelare), to name, to call, to appeal.
appliquer, v. a. (L. applicare), to apply, to stick, to award, to employ, to adapt ; s'appliquer, to apply one's self, to labour at.
apporter, v. a. (L. apportare), to Dring.
apprendre, v. a. (L. apprendere), to learn, to hear of, to teach, to tell, to inform.
approcher, v. n. (L. appropriare), to approach, to corne near, to be sometning like ; s'approcher, to approach, to draw near.
après, adv. (L. pressus). afterwards, af ter ; et après ? what then ?
archéologie, s. f . (Gr. 'apxaioKoyîa),
archœology.
archéologique, adj. (Gr. 'apxaiokoyia), archœological.
ardent, e, adj. (L. ardentem), ardent, warm, violent.
arpent, s. m. (L. arepennis), acre.
arranger, v. a. (rang, Germ. origin), to arrange, to settle, to compromise ; s'arranger, to arrange oneself, to manage, to get on.
arrêter, v, a. (L. arrestare), to arrest, to stop, to fasten, to delay, to put a stop to ; s'arrêter, to stop.
arrivée, s. f. (arriver), arrivai.
arriver, v. n. (L.L. adripare), to arrive, to reach, to happen.
arrondissement, 8.m. (rond), round-
ing, district, circuit.
arroser, v. a. (L. adrorare), to water,
to wet, to besprinkle, to moisten.
art, s. f . (L. artem), art.
as, see avoir.
assemblé, e, part, (assembler), aa-
sembled, joined.
assembler, v. a. (L. assimulare), to
gather, to bring together.
asseoir [s'], v. r. (L. assidere), s'as-
seyant, assis, je m,'assieds,je m'assis, je m'assiérai, que je m'asseie
(or asseye), to sit, to sit down.
assez, adv. (L. ad satis), enough,
plenty, pretty, rather.
atroce, adj. (L. atrocem), atrocious.
attendre, v. a. (L. attendere), to wait
for, to expect ; s'attendre, to rely
upon, to expect, to anticipate.
attendrissement, s. m. (tendre, L.
tenerum), émotion, compassion.
attirer, v. a. (tirer[D\itch teren]), to
attract, to incite, to win.
au (contr. for à, le), at the, to the, in
the.
aucun, e, adj. (L. aliquis), any, none,
no.
aujourd'hui, adv. [au Jour de hui
(L. hodie)], to-day, this day, at
présent.
aussi, adv. (L. aliud sic), also, ac-
cordingly, so, as.
autour, prep. (ioMr7ier),aboxit,round.
autre, adj. (L. alter), other, différent, else.
avaler, v. a. n. (aval, L. ad vallem), to swallow, to drink, to endure; to go with the stream.
avant, prep. (L. ab ante), before.
avant, adv., far forward, in front.
avec, prep. (L. apud hoc), with, among.
aveu, s. m. (avouer), avowal, confes-
avolr, V. a. (L. habere), ayant, eu, j'ai, j'eus, j'aurai, que faie, to nave, to possess, to hold ; y avoir, to be, ago ; en avoir à, to be angry with.
avoué, s. m. (L. advocatus), attorney, solicitor.
avouer, v. a. (vou^r, L. votare), to avow, to confess.
VOCABULAKY.
bachelier, s. m. (L.L. baccalarius),
bachelor (of a university).
bal, e, adj. (L. badius), bay.
baie, s. f . (L. baca), bay, bay-window. baisser, v. a. n. (bas), to lower, to
let down, to hang down ; to go
down, to lower.
ballou, s. m. {balle, Etym. ?), balloon. bas, adv. (L. bassus), down, low ; à
bas, down with ; là-bas, over there,
yonder.
bassesse, s. f. (L. bassus), baseness,
meanness, vileness, base action. battre, v. a- (L. batere), to beat, to
strike.
bean, or bel, le, adj. (L. bellus),
handsome, fine, smart.
beaucoup, adv. (beau coup), much,
many, deeply.
bêcher, v. a. (bêche, L.L. becca), to
dig.
bête, s. f. (L. bestia), beast, dumb
créature, blockhead.
betteraTc, s. f. (L. beta, râpa), beet. biais, s. m. (L. bifacem), slope, slant,
expédient, manner.
bien, adv. (L. bene), well, proper,
flnely , certàinly, truly,indeed, very,
a great many.
bientôt, adv. (bien tôt), soon ; à
bientôt, good-bye (for a short time).
blanc, he, adj. (O.H.G. blanch),
white.
blanc, s. m. {blanc, adj.), white,
blank ; blanc d'Espagne, whiting.
boire, V. a. (L. bibere), buvant, bu,
je bois, je bus, que je boive, to drink,
to tipple ; verser à boire, to pour
out some drink.
bols, s. m. (L.L. boscum), wood,
f orest, timber.
boiter, V. n. {boîte, L. buxida), to
limp, to be lame.
bon, ne, adj. (L. bonus), good, kind.
bondir, v. n. (L.L. bombitare), to
bound, to leap.
bonheur, s. m. (L. bonum augur-
ium), happiness, good fortune.
bonjour, s. m. {bon jour), good day,
good morning.
bordeaux, s. m. (Bordeaux, bord
d'eaux), claret, Bordeaux Wine.
bouche, s. f. (L. bucca), mouth.
boucler, v. a. {bouclé), to buckle, to fasten, to do up.
bouclier {boticle, L.L.bucula), shield,
buckler.
bouger, v. n. (L.L. bullicare), to
move, to budge.
bouillonner, v. n. {bouillir, L. bul-
lire), to bubble, to boil.
bouquet, s. m. (O. Fr. bosquet, L.L.
boscum), bouquet, nosegay.
bout, s. m. (Germ. origin), end, bit ;
venir à bout de, to succeed.
bouteille, s. f. (L. buticula), bottle.
brandir, v. a. (Germ. origin), to
brandish, to swing.
bras, s. m. (L. brachium), arm ; bras
de chemise, shirt-sleeves.
broche, s. f. (L.L. brocca), spit.
brosse, s. f. (O.H.G. brustia), brush. brosser, v. a. {brosse), to brush.
bruit, s. m. {bruire, etym. ?), report,
rumour, noise, dispute, famé.
bu, see boire.
buffet, s. m. (etym. ?), side-board.
bureau, s. m. {bure, L. burra, coarse
cloth), desk, office, bureau.
butor, s. m. (etym. ?), bittern, stupid
man, donkey.
ça, pron. (for cela), that.
çà, adv. (L. ecce hac), hère ; ah çà,
well, well now, come now.
cabaler, v. n. (cabale, Heb. kabala),
to cabal, to intrigue.
cabinet, s. m. (Ital. gabinetto),
cabinet, closet, study.
cabriolet, s. m. (Ital. capriola), cabriolet, cab.
cacher, v. a. (L. coactare), to hide.
cachette, s. f. (cacher), liiding-place.
café, n. m. (Turk. kahveh), cofFee.
caisse, n. f. (L. capsa), case, chest.
calomnie, s. f. (L. calumnia), ca-
lumny, slander.
calomnier, v. a. (calomnie), to ca-
lumniate.
camp, s. m. (L. campus), camp.
campagne, s. f. (L. campania), coun-
try, plain, fields, campaign.
canif, s. m. (A. S. cnif), penknife.
canton, s. m. (etym. ?), district.
cantonade, s. f. (Ital. cantonata), (theat.) wing; parler à la cantonade, to speak to a person who is at the wing, behind the scènes.
VOCABULARY
car, conj. (L. quare), for, because, as. caractère, s. m. (L. character),
character, letter, temper, expression.
carafe, s. f. (Ital. carafFa), décanter,
water-bottle.
carte, s. f. (L. charta), card, map.
casser, v. a. (L. quassare), to break,
to crack, to wear out.
castaguette, s. f. (Sp. castaneta),
castanet.
causer, v. n. (L. causari), to chat,
to talk.
ce, cet, cette, ces, dem. adj. (L. ecce
istum), this, that, thèse, those.
ce, dem. pron. (L. ecce hoc), he, she,
it, they.
ceci, dem. pron. (ce ci), this.
ceindre, v. a. (L. cingere), ceignant,
ceint, je ceins, je ceignis, to enclose,
to surround, to gird on.
cela, démon, pron. (ce là), that.
celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celleslà, dem. pron. (celui là), that, those,
that person, those persons.
cent, adj. (L. centum), hiindred.
centurion, s. m. (L. centurionem),
centurion.
cependant, adv. (cependant), never-
theless, yet, but, however.
certain, e, adj. (L. certus), certain,
positive.
certainement, adv. (certain), cer-
tainly, indeed, without fail.
certificat, s. m. (L.L. certiflcatum), certificate, testimonial.
certifier, v. a. (L.L. certificare), to certify, to testif y.
César, s. m. (L. Cœsarem), Csesar.
chacun, e, pron. (L. quisque unus), every one, each.
chaise, s. f. (L. cathedra), chair.
chambre, s. f. (L. caméra), chamber, room.
champ, s. m. (L. campus), fleld ; sur-le-champ, immediately.
chance, s. f. (L. cadentia), chance, good luck.
chanson, s. f. (L. cantionem), song ; idle story, nonsense.
chapeau, s. m. (L. cappa), hat.
charger, v. a. (L. carricare), to charge, to load, to trust with, to give in charge ; se charger, to take charge, to charge one's self with.
charmant, e, adj. (charme, L. car-
men), charming, delightful.
charpente, s. f. (charpentier, L. car-
pentarius), carpenter's work, tim-
ber-work frame ; bois de charpente, timber.
charrue, s. f. (L. carruca), plough.
chaud, s. m. (chaud [adj.], L. cali-
dus), beat, warmth ; faire chatid,
to be warm.
chauve, adj. (L. calvus), bald.
chemise, s. f. (L. camisia), shirt,
chemise.
cher, ère, adj. (L. carus), dear, be-
loved, costly.
chercher, v. a. (L. circare), to seek,
to look for, to try ; aller chercher,
to go and get.
chez, prep. (L. casa), at, to, in one's
bouse, at the home of, among;
chez moi, at my house.
chiffon, s. m. (etym. ?), rag.
chiffre, s. m. (Arabie çifr), figure,
number, cipher, monogram.
chimique, adj. {chimie, L.L. chy-
mia), Chemical.
chœur, s. m. (L. chorus), choir,
chorus.
chose, s. f. (L. causa), thing, matter,
action.
chou, s. m. (L. caulis), cabbage.
chut, inter. (onomat.), hush !
cl, adv. (ici), hère ; par-ci, par-là,
hère and there.
cinq, adj. (L. quinque), flve.
cinquantaine, s. f. (cinquante),
flfty.
circulaire,
cular.
classe, s. f. (L. classis), class, order. clou, s. m. (L. clavus), nail, stud.
cœur, s. m. (L. cor), heart, mind.
collaborateur, s. m. (L. collaborare),
collaborator.
collègue, s. m. (L. coUega), colleague.
comédie, s. f. (L. comœdia), comedy.
comice, s. m. (L. comitium), meeting ; comice agricole, agricultural
association.
comme, adv., conj. (L. quomodo),
as, like, so, almost, as it were, how;
as, bince, because.
commencement, s. m. (commencer), commencement, beginning.
commencer, v. a. n. (L. cuminitiare), to commence, to imitate, to begiu.
f. (L. circularem), cir-
VOCABULAEY.
conunent, adv. (L. quomodo inde), how! what!
commerce, s. m. (L. commercium), commerce, trade, business.
comml^glon, s. f. (commettre), commission,trust,mandate.committee.
commun, e, adj. (L. communis), common, vulgar.
communication, s. f. (com.muniquer), communication, intercourse.
communiquer, v. a. (L. communicare), to communicate, to impart.
comprendre, v. a. (L. comprendere), to understand, to comprise.
compte, s. m. (com^pter), account, calculation, esteem ; sur mon compte, with regard to me.
compter, v. a. (L. computare), to count, to calculate ; to settle accounts ; compter sur, to expect.
concevoir, v. a. (L. concipere), to take, to conceive, to apprehend.
conçu, see concevoir.
concurrent, e, s. m. f. (L. concurrentem), competitor, rival.
condition, s. f. (L. conditionem), condition, circumstances, terms.
confier, v. a. (L.L. confldere), to conflde, to tell in confidence.
configuration, s. f. (L. configuration em), configuration.
confondre, v. a. (L. confundere), to confound, to confuse, to mix.
confusion, s. f. (confus, L. confusus), confusion.
congé, s. m. (L. commeatus), leave, permission, discharge ; prendre congé, to take one's leave.
connaître, v. a. (L. cognoscere), connaissant, connu, toknow, to understand, to be acquainted with.
connu, see connaître.
conseil, s. m. (L. consilium), counsel ; council; council-board ; resolution, course ; counsellor.
conseiller, ère, s. m. f. (conseil), counsellor, adviser, councillor.
conseiller, v. a. (conseil), to counsel, to ad vise.
consentir, v. n. (L. consentire), to consent, to agrée.
considérable, adj. (considérer), considérable, important, notable.
considérer, v. a. (L. considerare), to consider, to view, to respect.
consoler, v. a. (L. consolari), to console, to comfort.
constater, v. a. (L. status), to prove,
to ascex'tain, to state, to observe.
consulter, v. a. (L. consultare), to
consult, to confer with.
content, e, adj. (L. contentus), con-
tented, pleased, satisfled.
continuer, v. a. (continu, L. con-
tinuus), to continue.
contraire, s. m. (L. contrarius), con-
trary, opposite ; au contraire, on
the contrary.
contre, prep. (L. contra), against,
contrary to ; pour et contre, pro
and con.
convenir, v. n. (L. convenire), to
agrée, to suit, to become, to be
con veulent ; c'est convenu, that is
understood, it is settled.
copier, V. a. (copie, L. copia), to copy. correspondant, e, adj. (correspondre), corresponding.
correspondre, v. n. (L.L. corre-
spondere), to communicate, to
coucber, v. n. (L. coUocare), to sleep.
coulisse, s. f. (coider, L. colare), groove, side-scene, behind the scènes.
coup, s. m. (L. colpus), blow, stroke, thrust ; coup de sang, apoplectic fit.
couper, V. a. (coup), to eut, to pare, to dilute ; pan coupé, wall occupying the place of the angle where two walls meet, angle wall ; se couper, to eut one's self.
courage, s. m. (L.L. coraticum), courage, spirit, zeal.
courir, V. n. (L. currere), courant, couru. Je cours, ie courus, je courrai, to run, to hasten, to be prévalent ; faire courir, to spread.
cours, s. m. (L. cursus), course, current, public drive, progress, term.
couteau, s. m. (L. cultellus), knife.
craintif, ve, adj. (craindre, L.
tremere), fearful, cowardly, timid.
• créer, v. a. (L. creare), to create.
creuser, v. a. (cretix, L.L. corrosum), to dig, to hollow, to sink ; to ponder.
crever, v. a. (L. crepare), to burst, to break, to kill.
cri, s. m. (crier, L. quiritare), cry, scream.
croire, v. a. (L. credere), croyant, cru, je crois, je crus, que je croie, to believe, to trust, to think ; croire à, to believe in.
VOCABULARY
cuber, v. a. (cube, L. cubus), to cube,
to measure.
cnlre, v. a. n. (L. coqUere), to cook ;
faire cuire, to cook.
cuisine, s. t. (L. coqiiina), kitchen,
cookery.
cuisinière, s. f. (cuisine), roasting-
pan ; cook.
curieux, se, adj. (L. curiosus), in-
quisitive. fond of.
«lame! interj. (L. Domine Deus),
well ! f orsooth ! indeed ! well ! you
know !
dangereux, se, adj. (danger), dan-
gerous.
dans, prep. (L. de intus), in, within,
into, with, according to.
dansef, v. n. (Germ. origin), to dance. danseur, se, s. m. f . (danser), dancer,
partner.
de, d', prep. (L. de), of , from, out of ,
to, with, Dy, on ; in, for, some, any. débarrasser, v. a. (L.L. barra), to
clear, to disencumber), to rid.
décadence, s. f. (L.L. decadentia),
décline, downfalî, décadence.
déchirer, v. a. (O.H.G. skërran), to
tear.
décidément, adv. (décider), de-
cidedly, positively.
décider, v. n. (L. decidere), to décide, to détermine.
décocber, v. a. (dé coche, L.L.
concha), to discharge, to let fly, to
bring out.
découTrlr, v. a. (dé couvrir), to dis-
cover, to expose.
dedans, adv. (de dans), in, inside.
défaut, s. m. (faute), defect, fault.
dehors, adv. (hors, L. foras), outside.
déjà, adv. (de Jà, L. jam), already,
yet.
demain, s. m. adv. (L.L. de manè),
to-morrow.
demande, s. f . (demander), demand,
request, suit.
denian«ler, v. a. (L. demandare),
to ask, to require.
démentir, v. a. (dé mentir), to con-
tradict, to give the lie to.
démission, s. f. (L. demissionem),
résignation ; donner sa démission,
to give in one's résignation.
demoiselle, -s. f. (L. dominicellam),
young lady, young girl.
dent, s. f. (L. dentem), tooth.
département, s. m. (départir, L.
dispartire), department.
dépêcher, v. a. (L.L. dispactare),
to hasten, to send off despatches,
to make away with anyone ; se dépêcher, to hasten.
dépeindre, v. a. (L. depingere), to
depict, to describe.
dépendre, v. n. (L. dependere), to
dépend, to rest with ; dépendre de,
to dépend on.
déplaire, v. a. (dé plaire), to dis-
please, to offend.
déplier, v. a. (dé plier), to unf old.
déplu, sec déplaire.
déposer, v. a. (dé poser), to lay
down, to deposit, to give évidence.
dépouiller, v. a. (L. despoliare), to
strip, to unclothe, to deprive.
depuis, prep. (depuis), since, for.
«lepuls que, conj. (depuis), since.
député, s. m. (L. deputatus), deputy.
<léranger, v. a. (dé, L. dis ; ranger),
to dérange, to disturb, to dispface,
to put out of order, to incommode,
to unsettle, to interrupt.
dernier, ère, adj. (L.L. deretranus),
last, highest, greatest, vilest,
meanest.
derrière, prep. (L.L. de rétro), be-
hind.
des (cont. for de, les, which see), of
the, from the ; some, any (or un-
translated).
descendre, v. a. n. (L. descendere),
to descend, to let down, to take
down ; to descend, to go down, to
come down, to alight.
désirer, v. a. (L. desiderare), to desire, to wish for.
désolant, e, adj. (désoler, L. deso-
lari), disheartening, provoking,
tiresome.
dessous, s. m. (sous), lower part,
iinder side ; là-dessous, tnere,
under there.
dessous, adv., under, below.
dessus, adv. (sus, L. susum), on, upon, upperiaost;par-dessus, oyer.
détail, s. m. (détailler), détail, cir-
cumstance.
détailler, v. a. (dé tailler), to détail,
to relate minutely, to retail, to eut
in pièces.
déterrer, v. a. (dé terre), to dig up, to
ferret out.
VOCABULARY
détromper, v. a. {dé tromper), to
undeceive.
deux, adj. (L. duos), two.
dcTant, prep. s. m. (L. de ab ante),
bef ore, in front of ; front ; par
devant, in front.
devenir, v. n. (L. devenire), to be-
come, to grow, to become of ; que
deviendrai-je ? what will become
of me?
devoir, s. m. (devoir), duty, task.
devoir, v. a. (L. debere), devant, dû,
je dois, je dus, je devrai, que ^e
doive, to owe, to ought, to be in
debt, to bave to, to be to, to be
destined ; a dit, must bave.
diable î inter. (L. diabolus), devil,
démon, the deuce !
dicter, V. a. (L. dictare), to dictate. dlen, s. m. (L. dens), God ; mon dieu,
dear me.
difficile, ad^. (L. difflcilis), difflcult,
hard, particular.
dimanche, s. m. (L. dies domenica),
Lord's day, Sunday.
dîner, s. m. (L.L. disnare), dinner.
diplomate, s. m. {diplôme, L. di-
ploma), diplomatist. dire, \. a. (L. dicere), disant, dit, je
dis, to speak, to say; c'est-à-dire,
that is to say.
dlf^cours, s. m. (L. discursus), discourse, speech.
disparaître, v. Vi. {paraître), to
vanish, to disappear, to get out of
the way.
distingué, e, adj. {distinguer, L.
distinguere), distinguished, emi-
nent, gentlemanly.
distribuer, v. a. (L. distribuere), to
distribute.
dix, adj. (L. decem), ten.
doigt, s. m. (L. digitus), flnger.
dois, doit, see devoir.
domestique, s. m. f. (L. domesticus), servant.
dommage, s. n. (L.L. damnaticum), damage, injury, hurt; quel dommage ! what a pity !
donc, conj. (L. ad tune), then, therefore.
donner, v. a. n. (L. donare), to give, to grant ; to bear (fruit) ; donner sur, to look into, to look out over.
dont, rel. pron. (L, de unde), of which, of whom, whose, on which.
doré, e, adj. (past p. dorer), gilt.
dorer, v. a. (L. de aiirare), to gild. dormir, v. n. (L. dormire), dormant,
dormi, je dors, je dormis, to sleep.
dot, s. f. (L. dotem), dowry. The * is
sounded.
doucement, adj. {doux), gently,
softly, slowly.
douer, v. a. (L. dotare), to endow, to
bestow upon.
douleur, s. f. (L. dolorem), pain,
grief.
doute, s. m. {douter), doubt.
douter (de), v. n. (L. dubitare), to
doubt, to suspect ; U doute de tout,
he suspects everything; je doute
Ïu'il veuille venir, I doubt whether e will come.
doux, ce, adj. (L. dulcis), sweet,
soft, gentle, agreeable, pleasant.
droit, e, adj, (L. directus), right,
straight, erect, just ; la droite, the
right side ; à droite, on the right,
on the right-hand side.
drôle, adj. (Eng. droll), droll, strange,
funny.
du (contr. of de, le, which see), of
the, from the, by the ; some, any
(or untranslated).
dû, see devoir.
échapper, v. a. n. (O.F. escapper, L.
ex, cappam), to escape, to avoid ;
to get away from (à) ; l'échapper
belle, to bave a narrow escape.
écharpe, s. f. (Germ. origin), sash,
scarf, sling.
école, s. f. (L. schola), school.
écouter, v. a. (L. auscultare), to listen
to.
écrire, v. a. (L. scribere), écrivant,
écrit, f écris, j'écrivis, to write.
écriture, s. f . (L. scriptura), writing,
handwriting.
effrayer, v. a. (L.L. exfrigidare), to
f righten, to dismay.
électeur, s. m. (L. electorem), elector. élection, s. f. (L. electionem), élection, return.
élève, s. m. f. {élever), pupil, scholar, élever, v. a. {lever, L. levare), to
raise, to exalt, to bring up; bien
élevé, well-bred.
élire, V. a. (L. eligere), to elect.
elle, elles, pers. pron. (L. illam.illasH
she, it, her, they, them.
VOCABULARY
embarras, s. m, (embarrasser), embarrassment, perplexity.
embarrasser, v. a. (L.L. barra), to embarras, to encumber, to puzzle.
embaumer, v. a. (baume, L. balsamum), to embalrb, to perfume, to smell sweet.
embêter, v. a. (bête), to stupify, to annoy, to aggravate.
embrasser, v. a. (bras), to embrace, to kiss ; to comprise.
emmailloter, v. a. (maille, L. macula), to swaddle, to bind up.
émotion, s, f. (L. emotionem), émotion, stir.
emplir, v. a. (L. implere), to fiU.
emporter, v. a. (L. inde portare), to carry away, to sweep away.
en, prep. (L. in), in, into, within, on, to, at, like, in the form of , as a, by, for; de plus en plus, more and more ; en passant, by the way ; en voyant, seeing, at the sight of, when he sees.
en, pron. m. f. sing. and pi. (L. inde), of htm, of her, of it, its, of thera, their; from him, from her, from it, from them ; by him, by her, by it, by them ; about him, about her, about it, about them ; thence, from thence ; some, any.
encore, adv. (L. hanc horam), yet, still, again.
encre, s. f. (L. encaustum), ink.
endosser, v. a. (dos, L. dossum), to
Eut on the back, to endorse, to uckle on.
enfant, s. (L. infantem), infant, child.
enfantillage, s. m. (enfant), child's play.
enttn, adv. (enfin), in short, at last.
engager, v, a. (gage, L.L. wadium), Germ. origin), to engage, to pledge ; s'engager, to engage one's self, to begin.
enlever, v. a. (en lever, L. levare), to lift, to carry off, to rescue ; s'enlever, to rise.
ennui, s. m. (L. in odio), tedium, tediousness, weariness, vexation.
énorme, adj. (L. enormis), enormous, heinous.
enrager, v. n. (en rage, L. rabies), to be mad, to be enraged ; faire enrager, to madden.
enricbir, v. a. (riche), to enrich, to adorn, to embellish ; s'enrichir, to become rich.
enseigner v. a., (L.L. insignare), to
teach, to show.
ensemble, adv. (L, in simul), to-
gether, at the same time.
ensuite, adv. (en suite), then, after-
wards. entendre, v. a. (L. intendere), to
hear, to understand, to intend, to
mean ; fai entendu dire, I hâve
heard people say.
enterrer, v. a. (terre), to bury, to
sink.
enthousiasmer, v. a. (Gr. èv0ov<ri
aff/uLÔç), to enrapture, to render en-
thusiastic.
entier, ère, adj. (L. integrum), entire, w^hole, obstinate.
entorse, s. f. (tordre), sprain.
entre, prep. (L. intra), betw^een.
entreprendre, v. a. (entre prendre),
to undertake, to attempt.
entrer, \. n. (L. intrare), to enter, to
corne in, to go in ; entrer dans une
chambre, to enter a room.
enverrai, see envoyer.
environs, s. m. pi. (virer, L. viria),
neighboxirhood, environs.
envoi, s. m. (envoyer), sending, con-
signment, parce!, envoy.
envoyer, v. a. (L. inviare),/e«.rerrai,
to send.
épancber, v. a7^(L.L. expandicare),
to pour out, to open.
épaule, s. f. (L. spatula), shoulder.
épée, s. f. (L. spatha), sword.
éponge, s. f . (L. spongia), sponge.
épouser, v. a. (L. sponsare), tomarry,
to take in marriage.
éprouver, v. a. (prouver, L. pro-
bare), to feel, to put to the proof.
Espagne, s. f. (L. Hispania), Spain.
espérer, v. a. (L. sperare), to hope.
espoir, s. m. (L. speres), hope.
est, see être.
et, conj. (L. et), and. The t of et is
never sounded.
état, s. m. (L. status), state, standing, condition, list, calling, (pi.) dominion.
été, s. m. (L. aestatem), summer.
été, see être.
étonnant, e,adj. (étonner), astonishing, surprising.
étonner, v. a. (L. extonare), to aatoniâh, to amaze.
VOCABULARY
étrtmgeir, ère, s. m. f. (L.L. extranearius), foreigner, stranger.
être, V. n. (L.L. essere, L. esse), étant, été, je suis, je fus, je serai, que je sois, to be, to exist ; être à, to belong to.
événement, s. m. (Ital. evenimento), event, occurrence, emergency.
éviter, v. a. (L. evitare), to shun, to avoid.
examiner, v. a. (L. examinare), to examine, to discuss.
exaspérer, v. a. (L. exasperare), to exasperate, to enrage.
excepté, prep. {excepter, L. exceptare), except, but.
excuser, v. a. (L. excusare), to excuse, to pardon, to apologise for.
exemple, s. m. (L. exemplum), example, pattern, copy ; par exemple, for instance.
expliquer, v. a. (L, explicare), to explain.
explorer, v. a. (L. explorare), to explore.
extrêmement, adv. (L. extremus), extremely.
fabrique, s. f. (L. fabrica), manufactory, factory, works, making, fabrication.
fftcbé, e, adj. (fâcher, I*roven. fastigar), angry, sorry.
facile, adj. (L. facilis), easy.
façon, s. f. (L. factionem), make, fashion, way, ceremony ; de façon à, so as to.
faible, adj, (L. flebilis), weak, feeble.
faiblir, V. n. (faible), to become weak, to give way.
faire, v. a. (L. facere), faisant, fait, je fais, je fis, je ferai, que je fasse, to do, to act, to make, to work, to perf orm, to say;/atre chaud, froid, beau, to be warm, cold, fine, weather ; faire peur à, to f righten ; faire mal, du mal à, to hurt ; faire faire, to hâve donc ; ça n'y fait rien, it makes no différence.
fait, s. m. (L. factura), fact, deed, matter ; tout à fait, quite, entirely; au fait, in fact, well.
falloir, V. imp. (L. fallere), fallu, il faut, il fallut, il faudra, qu'il faille, must, to be necessary.
famille, s. f. (L. familia), family.
faut, see falloir.
faute, s. f. (L.L. fallita), fault, mis-
take, want.
faux, sse, adj. (L. falsus), false,
spurious, pretended.
femme, s. f. (L. femina), woman,
wife.
fendre, v. a. (L. flndere), to sjrfit, to
eut open, to burst.
fenêtre, s. f. (L. fenestra), window.
ferai, see faire.
ferraille, s. f. (fer, L. ferrum), old
iron.
flcbu, e, part, (ficher), pitif ul, deuced. lier, ère, adj. (L. férus), proud,
haughty. fille, s. f. (L. filia), girl, daughter. fils, s. m. (L. fllius), son.
fin, s. f. (L. finis), end, aim, object ;
à la fin, atlast.
fixe, adj. (L. fixus), flxed, steady,
regular, settled, certain, set.
fialr, s. m. (flairer, L. fragrare),
scent.
flanquer, v. a. (flanc, L.L. flaccus),
to flank, to défend, to strike, to
deal ; to fling, to let fly.
fol, s. f . (L. fidem), faith, belief.
fols, s. f . (L. vice), tune (répétition). fond, s. m. (L. fundum), bottom,
ground, depth, heart, back, rear;
au fond, at the further end, in the
main ; à fond, thoroughly.
fort, e, adj. (L. fortem), strong,
copions, severe, skilful, large; s. m.,
fort, strength, skill, height, centre ;
adv., very, very much, fast, hard.
fosse, s. f . (L. fossa), hole, pit, grave,
trench.
fouille, s. f. (fouiller), excavation.
fouiller, V. a. n. (L.L. fodiculare), to
excavate, to dig, to search ; to ran-
sack ; se fouiller, to search one's
pockets.
fouri'er, v. a. (Germ. origin), to put,
to thrust, to stuif (in), to hide away. fragile, adg. (L. fragilis), fragile,
f rail, brittîe.
fragment, s. m. (L. fragmentum),
fragment.
fraise, s. f. (L. fraga), strawberry.
franc, s. m. (from device on coins,
Francorum rex), franc.
franc, be, adj. (L.L. francus), frank, open, sincère.
français, e, adj. (L.L. francensis), French.
VOCABULARY
franchement, adv. (franc), f rankly,
openly, unreservedly.
frémir, V. n. (L. f réméré), to shudder,
to tremble.
front, s. m. (L. frontem), forehead,
brow.
gallo«romaln, e, adj., Gallo-Roman.
garçon, s. m. {gars, origin unknown),
boy, bachelor, waiter.
gauche, adj. (O.H.G. welk), left,
awkward, bashful ; à gatiche, on
the left, on the left-hand side ; de
gauche, left, on the left.
«aule, s. f. (L. Gallia), Gaul.
gazonner, v. a. (gazon, O.H.G. waso),
to cover with sod.
gendre, s. m. (L. generum), son-in-
law.
gêner, v. a. (gêne, L. gehenna), to
impede, to inconvenience.
général, e, a<Jj. (L. generalis),
gênerai.
gens, s. m. f. (pi. of gent, L. gentem),
people, servants.
gentil, le, adj. (L. gentilis), pretty,
polite, considerate, nice.
glorla, 8. m. (L.), coffee with brandy
in it.
goûter, V. a. (L. gustare), to taste,
to relish ; to approve of ; to enjoy,
to smell.
grâce, s. f. (L. gratia), grâce, pardon,
gracefulness, thanks ; grâce à Dieu,
thank God.
grralne, s. f. (L.L. grana), seed, berry.
grammaire, s. f. (L.L. grammaria), grammar.
grand, e, adj. (L. grandem), great, large, tall, high.
gratis, adv. (L. gratis), gratis, for nothing. /S sounded.
grec, s. m. (L. graecus), Greek language.
grêle, s. f. (etym. ?), bail, hail-storm.
grUTonner, v. a. (Germ, origin), to scribble, to scrawl.
grimace, s. f. (Germ. origin), grimace ; faire la grimace, to make faces.
gros, se, adj. (L. grossus), large, big.
guérir, V. n, (Germ. origin), to heal, to recover.
'h dénotes h aspirate.
habile, adj. (L. habilis), clever, sharp, skilful.
habiller, v. a. (habile), to dress.
habiter, v. a. (L. habitare), to inhabit, to réside in.
habitude, s. f. (L. habitudo), habit,
custom.
'hftte, s. f. (Germ. hast), haste, hurry ;
avoir hâte, to be in haste.
*hant, e, adj. (L. altus), high, lofty,
loud.
'hein! interj., heyl hésiter, v. n. (L. haesitare), to hesi-
tate, to waver.
heure, s. f. (L. horam), hour; à la
bonne heure, well and good.
heureux, se, adj. (heur, L. augu-
rium), happy, prospérons.
homme, s. m. (L. hominem), man,
husband.
honneur, s. m. (L. honorem), honour,
crédit.
honorable, adj. (L. honorabilis),
honourable.
horrible, adj. (L. horribilis), horrible, shockmg.
*hult, adj. (L. octo), eight, eightb;
huit jours, a week.
humanité, s. f. (L. humanitatem),
humanity, human nature, man-
kind.
Ici, adv. (L. ecce-hic), hère, hither; par ici, this way.
Idée, s. f. (L. idea), idea, conceit,
sketch, mind.
11, pers. pron. (L. ille), he, it.
Image, s. f. (L. imaginem), image,
likeness.
Imbécile, adj., s. m. f. (L. imbecil-
lus), idiot, fool.
Immédiatement, adv. (immédiat,
