La supplique, the pétition

1. 1 8. Congrès de Laybach. This congress, fîrst convened at Troppau, in Austria (Oct. 1820), was transferred to Laybach (L. Œmonia) in Illyria on the 8th of January, 182 1. Its object was to put down by force of arms the revolutionary movement then rife throughout Europe.

1. 28. la réponse du divan.. .Yox the counter-manifesto of the Porte,' see Sir A. Alison's History 0/ Europe, 2nd séries, vol. m. pp. ■220,221.

divan (Ar. diouan, council, collections of poetry), the Turkish ministry.

1. 36. la chaftcellerie, the state-paper office ; oriçinally the office where public documents are stamped with the government seal.

1. 45. Canfiing a cessé de vivre... CANNii^G (George) [1770 — 1827], one of the greatest statesmen and orators of modem times ; took an active part in the négociations which led to the independence of Greece.

P. 1,1. 15. Taurominium (Taonnina), a townonthe eastemcoast of Sicily.

1. 16. vignobles, vineyards; (L. vinîopulens, contracted into vitiiop'iens). Vignoble is also an adjeclive.

1. 2 2. lin peuple rare, athin population, Syn. clair- semé, ^«r,? canbe placed either beforeor afterthe substantive with which it agrées, but the Sound must décide ; rare homme, rare livre, rare peuple, would not do.

P. 1, 1. 3. PÉTRARQUE. Francesco Petrarcha, a celebrated Italian poet, born at Arezzo in 1304, died in 1374. His principal works are sonnets and canzonets, distinsruislied by a melancholy sweetness which has never been surpassed. Many of his compositions were inspired by his love for the celebrated Laura de Noves.

1. 7. BOCCACE. Giovanni Boccaccio [1313 — I375l, a well-known Italian author, the friend of Petrarch. His principal work is a collection of taies entitled il Decamerone (the ten days), which has placed liim at the head of Italian prose-writers.

PoGGE. Poggio Bracciolini [1380 — 1459] was apostolic secretary to Boniface IX. and the seven follo^<'ing popes. He was a learned and vigorous writer, and an accomplished scholar. The fictions frivoles hère alluded to are the Facetiœ.

1.16. Mahomet II. [1429 — 1481], sultan in 1451. Pie took Constantinople in 1453.

1. 19. peuple schismatique .. .The schism began in 858 under the patriarch Photius, and was finally accomplished in 1053 by the patriarch Cerularius. The last council of Florence took place in 1439.

1. 23. L'annonce, the news. Annonce means also an advertisement, thus:

"Jupiter eut un jour une ferme à donner; Mercure en fit l'annonce, et gens se présentèrent." (La Fontaine!) 1. 29. l'on ne s'y était avisé... \\\ç.y had had no idea. 1. 36. Catane (L. Catana or Catina), a town on the eastem coast of Sicily, has often been destroyed by earthquakes and by éruptions ofMount Etna (1669, 1693, 1783, 1818).

P. 3, 1. I. voile Latine, a lateen (triangular) sail. 1. 7. tillac, the deck (from the Scandinavian thilia, a floor). Most French naval terms are of Gei-man origin.

1. II. îin voile, a veil (L. vélum), the L. plural vcla gives us the s. f. voile, a sail.

1. 13. à la beauté. ..hj the beauty...A7/7/i.', figure, from tailler, to eut (L.L. taleare).

1. 18. /Vw/i?r«/r ... Constantine Dracosès [1403— 1453], emperor in 1448. Died heroically on the breach.

le temple de Sainte-Sophie, this church, the finest building in Constantinople, was inaugurated in 537. I: is now a mosque.

1. 30. d'en laisser franchir le seuil «...to allow the threshold to be crossed \)y...à is hère put instead oï par. Thus again: "Et ne vous laissez point séduire à vos bontés {Molière).— -Franchir îrom franc, had, tiU the fifteenth century, the meaning of affranchir, to set at liberty. "C'est lui qui nous ama tant Qu'il se fit sers pour wows franchir." {Eustache Deschamps.) ^'Franchir icne rente s'est dit pour s'en délivrer en la rachetant; de \h. franchir un fossé ^o\xr s'en débarrasser en le sautant." (Littré.) seuil, threshold, from the L. soleum, secondary form ol solea, in Festus.

P. 4, 1. 5. fauDourgs, suburbs, (O. F. forbourg, forsbourg) from the

L. L. forisburgus, Hence the adject. faubourien^ a person who lives in the suburbs.

L 13. appareil, assemblage, display.

^^ V appareil inouï pour ces mortels nouveaux De nos vaisseaux ailés qui volaient sur les eaux." ( Voltaire.") 1. 25. Mahomet, datis une seule miit. See G'xhhon s lioman Empire, Chap. LXVIII. "The real importance ofthis opération wasmagnified by the consternation and confidence which it inspired; but the notorious, unquestionable fact was displayed before the eyes, and is record ed by the pens of the two nations."

1. 2 8. Vaube du jour... the da\vn of day. Aztbe (L. alba) was formerly spelt albe.

" En mer se mettent quand Palbe est esclarie." {Roncevaux.') 1. 40. proférer, utter, " prononcer à haute voix." P. 5, 1. 3. Lascaris (Constantïjie). One of the leamed Greeks who contributed most to the revival of classical literature in Europe. He came to Italy from Constantinople after the fall of the Eastem empire, taught Greek at Milan and at Rome, and died at Messina in 1493. 1. 22. sur la foi... on the authority. . 1. 33. des Conuùnes. This celebrated family of the Lower-Empire has given six emperors to Constantinople, one to Heraclea, and ten to Trebizond.

P. 6, 1. 12. comme Enie...

" feror exul in altum

cum sociis, natoque, Penatibus et magnis Dis." (Virgil.)

1.20. d'u/ie égale pitié, {or avec une, etc. Thus again: "Il lui parlait tant qu'il pouvait, et la lorgnait dUine grande assiduité." {Hamilion.)

L 27. toute chrétienne., altogether Christian. Zô/z/cf is hère féminine for the sake of euphony. The rules of the order of Saint Benedict are still considered a model of wisdom. The founder of the Bénédictine community was born in 480, and died in 543.

P. 7, 1. 12. Barlaam [1300 — X34S], a learned monk of the order of Saint Basil, was one of the first to revive in Italy the study of the Greek language and philosophy.

1. 20. ce com7nerce de lumières, that intellectual intercourse.

1. 22. qu'on serait toujours à temps, that people would always be in time...