englouti, swallowed up. (L. L. z#g/urire.), ΝΞ

P. 9, 1. 11. Peuple déchu, a people shorn of its greatness. D4koir,

to fall, from æ and εἰσίν», Ο. F, chéir ; origin. chaer and cader, from the L. cadere. .

L.24. ces brillants signaux dont parle notre Eschyle: cf. Agamemnon, V. 275 and foll. :

ἄθωον αἷπος Ζηνὸς ἐξεδέξατο, Kk.r.À.

1,34. ALBERTI[1404—1475], a Florentine artist, equally celebrated as ἃ painter, an architect, and a sculptor.

.- CALDERINO (Dowzisio) |? 1447—14781, distinguished as a scholar; was apostolic secretary to Pope Sixtus IV. .

P. 10,11. dese plaire, to take pleasure.

1.17. GÉMISTE PLÉTHO [1355—1452]. At the council of Florence Gemistus Pletho made himself remarkable by his eloquence; some years afterwards he settled in that town, and obtained the friendship of Cosmo de Medici. He declared himself the champion of Plato against Aristotle, and published several works on metaphysics,

os formerly, (7à= L. jam; dis from L. dies).

, ἢν 27. ces persécutions raigieuses. On the quarrel between Gemistus Pletho and Gennadius, see the nofice préliminaire of M. Alexandre to the treatise ΠΈΡΙ NOMON, composed by Pletho, and published for the first time with a French translation in Paris, 1 vol. 8, 1858.

L 33. JULIEN. Sulian the apostate (Flavius Claudius Sulianus) [331—363], emperor in 36r.

1.36. auquel il croyait presque. “There is also,” says Mr Hallam, some ground for ascribing a rejection of Christianity to Pletho.” (2 “167. of Europe.) See also M. Alexandre’s notice, alluded to above.

P. τὶ, L 6. PLOTIN. The philosopher Plotinus [205—270] is considered as the chief of the Neo-Platonist school. His £n#eads form a collection οὗ 54 treatises, divided into six sections of nine books each, They were arranged and edited by his pupil Porphyry [233—304], who has likewise left a number of original works.

1. 11. BESSARION (Joannes) [1395—1472], originally a monk ofthe. erder of Saint Basil. Pope Eugenius IV. made him a cardinal as ἃ reward for his zeal in promoting the union of the Greek and Latin Churches at the Council of Ferrara (1438). Bessarion settled at Rome, where his house became the meeting-place for all those who cultivated letters. His works hold a distinguished place amongst those which contributed to the revival of literature in Italy.

.},. 15. es finesses, the subtleties.

L 16. EUGÈNE IV. pope from 1431 to 1447, was a Venetian by birth, and a nephew of pope Gregory XII. The council of Basle deposed him, ( 1. 30. Z’érandement, the agitation, the convulsion, from éra#/er

etym.P).

δὴ 32. des égards, for the kindness; éurds=déférence pleine d'attenñons. It is the substantive of the obsolete verb esgarder, to watch over, to provide.

P. 12, 1. 10. apostasiéles souvenirs. The verb afostaster is generally

used intransitively, thus : “411 leur a fallu afostasier de la foi de ceux qui

͵ NOTES. oi

les avaient consacrés.” (Bosszét.) ‘The now obsolete verb afosfafer (from apostat) was formerly used in the same sense : ‘‘ afostater de la foi a religion Chrétienne.” (Sfafuts synodaux de l'évêque de St Malo, 1618.)

1.31. Plusieurs Grecs illustres. AÏl these savants played a more or less conspicuous part in the Renaissance movement. ARGYROPOULO (Foannes) taught Greek to the sons and nephews of Cosmo de Medici.

EORGE OF TREBIZOND (1396—1486), the adversary of Gemistus Pletho.

1. 35 LORENZO DE MEDICI, surnamed /4e Magnificent (1448— 1402), succeeded his father Peter in 1469. Famous for his eloquence, his learning, and his generosity. Was the patron and protector of all the artists and /##férateurs of his day.

.L 36. THÉODORE GAZA (1400—1478), founded an academy at Ferrara, was called to Rome in 1455 by Pope Nicholas V., and attached himself to Cardinal Bessarion. ANDRONICUS CALLISTUS, died 1478. Taught Greek in Paris MICHAEL APOSTOLIUS. His works have never been published.

P. 13, L 3. STAMBOUL, the Turkish name οἱ Constantinople, is merely the corruption of the phrase εἰς τὴν πόλιν.

1, 6. Za crosse pontificale, the pontifical crosier (O. F. croce), from the mediæval L. crucia, which meant originally ἃ cross-shaped crutch.

1. 13. Z’Alcoran, better /e Xoran, al being the Arabic article. Æoran means literally ‘‘ the reading ” (Par excellence).

L. 22 Veilles et soyez purs. On the connection between party and wisdom, see Plato's Æufhyphron, and also the Ænneads of Plotinus, III. 6; particularly the notes in M. Bouillet's French transl. vol. 11. 543 and foll. Ν

1, 29. EMPEDOCLES, a philosopher who flourished B.C. 444 Τὶ is said that, willing to hide his death, and to pass for a god, he threw himself into the crater οἱ Etna, but he probably fell a victim to his passion for science, whilst watching an eruption.

1. 38 Pomponius LÆTUS (Yulius) (1425—1497), concealed his real name, being the natural son of one of the members of the San Severino family, was accused of conspiring against Pope Paul II., and cast into prison. He however gained the favour of the two following Pontiffs, and was appointed to one of the chairs in the Roman college. Composed several works on the history and antiquities of Rome. On this distinguished but singular writer see the article in the Piographie Universelle.

" +P. 14, Lis. ane admirable idée de notre maître Platon...“ Au fond, les dieux de Platon sont des causes intermédiaires entre Dieu et le monde.” (Janet.)

L23. Quand Platon alla visiter..." Of any effect produced on his (Plato’s) system by the pretended Egyptian wisdom, as is assumed by Plessing and others, no traces are to be found.” (Professor Brandis, in Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, s.v. P/afo.)

P. 16,L 14. qui connaissait Dante DANTE ALIGHIERI (1265— 1321), the greatest of all Italian poets. His fame chiefly rests on the Divina Commedia, which is one of the sublimest works the genius of man ever produced.

1.25. ἐκ flambeau sacré: “et quasi cursores vitai lampada tradunt.”

(Lucretius, 11. 78.) A simile borrowed from the game called Aauwaënpopla (torch-bearing), in which a lighted torch was carried from one point to another by a chain of runners, each of whom formed a successive link.

1. 37. Joutller, to dig, from the L. fodiculare, frequent. of fodicare. Der. fouille (verbal substantive). .

L 38. CosMo DE MEDICI (1839—1464) succeeded his father in 1464; and exercised an absolute power in Florence till his death. He improved the commerce οὗ the republic over which he presided, protected arts and letters, and founded an academy.

L 39. ἃ grands frais, at a great cost. Ærais (Ο. Ἐς, singular frait) is from the L. L. /redum, a fine paid for having broken the public peace. (Dan. frede, Germ. friede.) Der. défrayer.

P. 17,18 Z/ne s'agit pas pour vous, the question is not for you.

L 27. ἐσ cortége, the procession, from the Ital. corteggio.

36. ces amusements grossiers. Allusion to the mysteries or miracle-plays so frequently performed throughout Europe during the middle ages.

. Ρ, 18, L 6. comme Eschyle; in the Perse, a tragedy composed by the post Æschylus (B. C. 525—4506).

‘À 20. elle use la force..it wears out brute force. In the old French the verb ser was often employed transitively in the sense of do make use of, when we should now say æser de; thus:

“6 ροοοον Mille autres caresses Qu’usent à leurs amants les plus douces maitresses.” (Æéowier.)

L 22. désormais, henceforth (O. F; @s ore maïs). Ore, is from the L. Aora ; mais ‘from the L. sagis. Dès ore mais means properly from this hour forward. :

1 35. ΝΙΟΟΙ ΑΒ V. (Thomas Parentucelli), pope from 1447 to 1455, considerably augmented the Vatican library.

P. 19, 1.21. διέ (L. bulla), name given to the Papal letters patent, from the little ball of metal appended to them.

L 22. rot de Chypre. John III. of the Lusignan family.

P. 20, 1. r. MAYENCE(L. Moguntiacum), a city in Germany (Hesse- Darmstadt), the birth-place of Guttenberg. |

6refs, papal briefs. The L. éreve is used by Jerome and Justinian for an act or document.

L 18. Bien que, although, governs the verb in the subjunctive.