Chossc-marée, fishing luggers

81, 3. L'air de rouie, a particular way of beating the drjm when

the soldiers are marching.

84, 36. Chouans, see "Cottereau " in the Index. 86, 24. Directoire, it was composed of five directors, and formed part of the government with the '' Conseil des Cinq- Cents," and the " Conseil des Anciens ; " it lasted from October 27, 1795, to November 11, 1799, see list of assemblies, &c., p. 6, 1. 12.

34. TJne constitution nouvelle; the following are the différent Constitutions of the French Révolution : — "La Constitution du 14 Septembre, 1791," which proclaimed the equality of every citizen before the law and his admissibility to any public ofïice, the liberty of conscience and fhe liberty of the press ; there was to be a parliament of 745 members, a king with responsible ministers, and with the right of veto ; assemblies called " primaires " named the electors, who formed themselves into électoral assemblies and elected the deputies, " La Constitution de 1793," drawn up by the Convention, but never carried out ; by it the people were suprême, and the mob generally clamoured for it in riots.

•' La Constitution de l'An III. f 1795)," also drawn up by the Convention, but less radical than the above ; the législative power was entrusted to the " Conseil des Anciens " and "Conseil des Cinq-Cents," and the executive power to a " Directoire '' of five directors. "La Constitution DE l'An VIII." (22 frimaire), December 13, 1799 ; the executive power was entrusted to three consuls ; the laws proposed by them were to be discussed by a " Tribunat " of a hundred members, and accepted

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or refused by a "Corps Législatif" of three hundred members; a "Sénat" of eig'Uy life-members was to see that the laws were duly carried out.

80, 16. Z' historien de la Révolution; François - Auguste - Marie MiGNET, born at Aix, dep. Bouches-du-Rhône, May 8, 1796, a French historian, a Member of the Academy, &c. ; his "Histoire de la Révolution française de 17S9 à 1814" came out in 1824; it bas been reprinted a great many time?, and tianslated into several languages.

90, 7> ^iaillot, swaddling-clothes ; bands in vvhich tbe lovver half of the body of infants was more or less tightly wrapped up ; tbis article of dress gave rise to a long controversy among philosophers and doctors ; Montaigne (d. 1592), Locke (d. 1704), J. J. Rousseau (d. 177S), Désessart (celebrated actor, d. 1811) bave condemned it ; the following Spanish proverb shows tbat ail things pertaining to youth are rightly considered to be of the greatest importance : "Ce qui entre avec le maillot ne s'en va qu'avec le suaire," what comes in witli the swathe goes out only with the shroud.

94, 36. le héros de brumaire, Napoléon Bonaparte, see Republican Calendar, p. 143.

96, 8, i'ç/i'M^fers, members of a secret Society formed in the North

of Ireland after the defeat of James IL by George III. on the banks of the Boyne, 1690 ; its object was the freedom of Ireland ; the " defenders " played an important part in the insurrections of 1797, 179S, 1S03.

97, 22. Ahustr, to deceive ; remark that the Englishword to abuse

is translated into French by " insulter, dire des injures à," but never by "abuser."

98, 16, A leur bord, on tbe ships they commanded.

100, 40. La fameuse ex23cdition projetée . . . Napoléon Bonaparte made great préparations at Boulogne to invade England 1S01-1S05, but had to turn ail his strength against Germany.

102, 1S-19. Mit . . . le cap sur, steered or bore towards ; " cap "

is the head, the prow of a ship. Latin, caput, head. 23, Désemparée, disabled.

103, 3. Hors d'état de, incapable of.

105, ij. Des deux conseils, the "Conseil des Anciens" and " Con-

seil des Cinq-Cents." 21. Afferma, from "affermer," to farm ; not to be mistaken

with "affermir,"' to strengthen.

30. Un effectif, an effective force, that is to say ready for

action.

106, 12. Un équipage de pont, everything necessary to throw a

bridge across a rivei, pontoons, &c.