Chouans, see ‘* Cottereau ” in the Index
24. Directoire, it was composed of five directors, and formed part of the government with the ‘ Conseil des Cinq- Cents,” and the ‘* Conseil des Anciens ; ” it lasted from October 27, 1795, to November 11, 1799, see list of assemblies, &c., p. 6, 1. 12.
ge Une constitution nouvelle; the following are the different Constitutions of the French Revolution :—
LA CONSTITUTION DU 14 SEPTEMBRE, 1791,” which proclaimed the equality of every citizen before the law and his admissibility to any public office, the liberty of conscience and the liberty of the press ; there was to be a parliament of 745 members, a king with responsible ministers, and with the right of veto; assemblies called ‘ primaires ’ named the electors, who formed themselves into electoral assemblies and elected the deputies.
, SLA CONSTITUTION DE 1793 ” drawn up by the Convention, but never carrisd out ; by it the people were supreme, and the mob generally clamoured for it in riots.
# LA CONSTITUTION DE L'AN III, (1795), also drawn up by the Convention, but less radical than the above ; the legislative power was entrusted to the ‘ Conseil des Anciens ” and ‘*Conseil des Cinq-Cents,” and the executive power to a ‘‘ Directoire ” of five directors.
#LA CONSTITUTION DE L'AN VIIL." (22 frimaire), December 13, 1799 ; the executive power was entrusted to three consuls ; the laws proposed by them were to be discussed
by a ‘“ Tribunat ” of a hundred members, and accepted
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Page. Line, or refused by a ‘‘Corcs Législatif”” of three hundred members; a ‘* Sénat ” of eignty lifemembers was to see that the laws were duly carried out.
89, 16 L'histo.un de la Revolution; Fraiç is - Auguste - Marie MIGNET, born at Aix, dep. Bouches-du-Rhône, May 8, 1796, a French histoiian, a Member of the Academy, &c. ; his ‘‘ Histoire de la Révolution frar çuise de 1789 à 1814” came out in 1824; it has been reprinted a. great many time“, and trai slated into sev: ral languages. 90, 7, Maillot, swaddling-cluihes ; Lands in which t! e lower half of the body of infants was mure or less tightly wrapped up ; this article uf dress gave rise to a long controversy among philosophers and ductors ; Montaigne (d. 1592), Locke (d. 1704), J. J. Rousseau (d. 1778), Désessart {celebrated actor, d. 1811) have condemned it; the following Spanish p'overb shows that all th ngs pertaining to you h are rightly considered to be of the greatrst importance : ‘Ce qui entre avec le maillut ne s’en 4 qu'avec le suaire, * what comes in with the swathe goes. out only with the shroud.
94, 36. Le héros de bruma re, Napoleon Bonaparte, see Repubiicam Calendar, p. 143.
9G, 8. Definders, members of a secret society formed in the North of Ireland after the defeat of James II. by George II. on the banks of the Boyne, 1690; its object was the freedom of Ireland; the ‘ Gefenders”” played an imeportant part in the insurrections of 1797, 179%, 1803. 97, 22. Abusir, to deceive ; remark that the English word to abuse is translated into French by ‘insulter, dire des injures à,” but never by “abuser. ?
98, 16. À eur bord, on the ships they commanded. 100, 40. La fameuse expédition prujttée. . . Napoleon Bonaparte made great preparativns at B ulogne to invade England 1801-1805, but had t= tun all his strength against Germany.
102, 18-19. Mit... le cap sur, steered or bore towards ; ‘* cap ” is the head, the prow ofaship. Latin, caput, head. 23, Désemparée, disabled, 103, 3. {lors d'état de, incapabie of.
105, 13. Des deux conseils, the ‘Conseil des Anciens” and ‘ Conseil des Cinq-Cents.” 21. Afferma, from ‘‘ affermer,” to farm ; not to be mistaken with ‘‘affermir,” to strengthen, 30. Un effectif, an effective force, that is to say ready for action.
1086, 12. Un équipage de pont, everything necessary to throw a bridge across a river, pontoons, &c.
