Chouans, see ‘* Cottereau ” in the Index

24. Directoire, it was composed of five directors, and formeu part of the government with the ‘Conseil des Cinq- Cents,” and the ‘* Conseil des Anciens ; ”” it lasted from October 27, 1795, to November 11, 1799, see list of assemblies, &c., p. 6,1. 12.

34. Une constitution nouvelle ; tne following are the different Constitutions of the French Revolution : —

“LA CONSTITUTION DU 14 SEPTEMBRE, 1791,” which proclaimed the equality of every citizen betore the law and his admissibility to any public office, the liberty of conscience and the liberty of the press ; there was to be a parliament of 745 members, a king with responsible ministers, and with the right of veto ; assemblies called ‘ primaires ?” named the electors, who formed themselves into electoral assemblies and elected the deputies.

66 LA CONSTITUTION DE 1793,” drawn up by the Convention, but never carried out; by it the people were supreme, and the mob generally clamoured for it in riots.

& LA CONSTITUTION DE L'AN III, (1795), also drawn up by the Convention, but less radical than the above ; the legislative power was entrusted to the ‘Conseil des Anciens *” and ‘Conseil des Cinq-Cents,” and the executive power to a ‘‘ Directoire ” of five directors.

66j,A CONSTITUTION DE L'AN VIII.” (22 frimaire), December 13, 1700 ; the executive power was entrusted to three consuls ; the laws proposed by them were to be discussed by a ‘* Triounat ” of a hundred members, and accepted

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or refused by a ‘Corps Législatif”” of three hundred members; a ‘ Sénat ” of eighty lifemembers was to see that the laws were duly carried out.

89, 16. L'historien de la Révolution ; François - Auguste - Marie MIGNET, born at Aix, dep. Bouches-du-Rhône, May 8, 1796, a French historian, a Member of the Academy, &c. ; his ‘* Histoire de la Révolution française de 1789 à 1814” came out in 1824; it has been reprinted à great many times, and translated into several languages.

90, 7, Maillot, swaddling-clothes ; bands in which the lower half oftthe body of infants was more or less tightly wrapped up ; this article of dress gave rise to a long controversy among philosophers and doctors ; Montaigne (d. 1592), Locke (d. 1704), J. J. Rousseau (d. 1778), Désessart (celebrated actor, d. 1811) have condemned it; the following Spanish proverb shows that all things pertaining to youth are rightly considered to be of the greatest importante : ‘Ce qui entre avec le mailiot ne s’en va qu'avec le suaire,”” what comes in with the swathe goes out only with the shroud.

94, 36. Le héros de brumaire, Napoleon Bonaparte, see Republican Calendar, p. 143.

96, 8. Defenders, members of a secret society formed in the North of Ireland after the defeat of James II. by George III. on the banks of the Boyne, 1690 ; its object was the freedom of Ireland; the ‘“ defenders ” played an important part in the insurrections of 1797, 1793, 1803.

‘97, 22. Abuser, to deceive ; remark that the English word to abuse is translated into French by ‘‘insulter, dire des injures à,” but never by “abuser.”?

98, 16. À leur bord, on the ships they commanded.

109, 40. La fameuse expédition projetée. . . Napoleon Bonaparte made great preparations at Boulogne to invade England 1801-1805, but had to turn all his strength against Germany.

10%, :8-19. Ait... le cap sur, steered or bore towards ; ‘“ cap ” is the head, the prow ofaship. Latin, caput, head.

23, Désemparée, disabled,

108, 3. Hors d'état de, incapable of.

105, 13. Des deux conseils, the ‘Conseil des Anciens” and ‘ Conseil des Cinq-Cents.”?

21. Aferma, from ‘‘affermer,” to farm ; not to be mistaken with ‘‘affermir,” to strengthen.

30. Un effectif, an effective force, that is to say ready for action.

106, 12. Un équipage de pont, everything necessary to throw a bridge across a river, pontoons, &c.

29. Le gros des, the main body of, 108, 19. Xépublique batave; Holland, in 1795, proclaimed the

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Republic and was known (from its Latin name Patavia) as the Batavian Republic until Louis Bonaparte ascended the throne, June 5, 1806.

109, 8. 9 Thermidor, see Republican Calendar, p. 142.

14. Conventionnels, members of the Convention ; see list of Assemblies, p. 6, 1. 12.