PROMISE BY HOCHE-—-EXECUTION OF THE ROYALISTS
dently Line 17.—décidé -Induced.
Line 19.—pour tenter &c.—To attempt a landing,
Line 21.—larmée de Condé—The army of émigrés with which the
Prince of Condé had; oined the Austrians and Prussians
bo in their invasion of France.
Line 23.—la solde The pay—whence soldat. English soldicr, atests from Latin solidus, a Roman coin. O. Fr, sol. Mod, sions Fr. sou. Solde, masc. means balance of an account,
Line 25.—cadres-—GSkeletons—1.e., regiments in which only the positions of the officers were filled, Line 26.—appelés &c.-—Intended to be filled up.
Line 27.—1*—This is a contraction for Latin primw, in the first place. Similarly 2°, 3°, 4°, and 5° are contracted for the Latin secundo, tertio, quarto, and quinto. In reading, the words premièrement, secondement &c. may be used.
Line 81.—chef d’escadre-—Vice-admiral.
Pace 67.
Line 6.—sous-officiers-non-cc: imissioned officers
Line 10.—Vauban—A descendant of the great Vauban, the celebrated m° try engineer in the time of Louis XIV.
Line 15.—cocarde blanche-—See Note, p. 8, 1, 5.
Line 16.—matériel en armes Store of arms.
Line 17.—devait étre Was to be.
Line 18.—débr:s-Remnants.
Line 24.-—VEibe— An important river in Europe, rising in Austria and flowing N. W. into t:e North Sea.
Line 25.—Portsmouth— Aa important naval station in the south o England.
LL dirigés- Sent on.
Lire 81.—le comte d’Artois The brother of Louis XVI. afterwards, from 1824 to 1830, King of the French, under the title of Charles X.
Line 32.—mettre à la voile—To set sail.
Line 33.—faute-Mistake.
Line 54.—destiner—[nstructing.
Line 35.—c’en fut une autre—Jt was another (mistake)—en refers to faute.
Line 36.—et qui-—See Note, p. 5, 1, 83,
Line 88.-Ÿdont—Depends on esprût,.
Pace 68.
Line 1.—de Part—Of the art (of war).
Line 2.—beaucoup plus propre-—Much better fitted. Line 8.—en rase campagne-—Tn an open country; rase, from raser to shave—to make smooth.
Line 6.—qu’on débarquat—That the landing should take place. Line 7.—se portat &c.—Should advance rapidly—1.e, into the interior of the country.
Line 10.—de les enrégimenter—To form them into regiments, See p. 66, 1. 25
Ti
rst place.
he Latin ing, the ased.
the cele- TV.
Austria
south o
., afternder the
mn refers
e, from
e place.
the in-
iments,
dstiéitinbllinis.ogpéinge
Line 12.—Louis XVII.—The son of Louis XVI, The poor boy, after the execution of his father, was placed in charge of a shoemaker named Simon, to be brough$ up in the principles of the Revolution. It is said that he was very harshly treated by Simon. He died this same year, 1795 aged ten.
en annonçÇçant—Announcing at the same time.
Line 16.—Ia réaction thermidorienne-—The end of the Reign of
Terror, when Robespierre and the other leading Terrorists were guillotined—9 and 10 Thermidor, year IL.—July 27 and 28, 1794.
Line 18.—fractions—Sections—factions.
6 les démélés—The quarrels.
Line 21.—lemporta—Carried the day.
Line 22,—décida la descente—Decided on landing.
Line 24,—presqu’ile—Peninsula —from presque almost, and {4e island,
Line 25.—dépasser—Txceeding.
Line 26.—kilomètres—A kilomètre is 1000 mètres : a mètre — 39:37 English inches s0 that a kilomètre is very nearly fiveeighths of a mile
Line 85.—George Cadoudal—After the failure of the Royalist attempt at Quiberon, this famous Chouan leader escaped to England. Subsequently with Pichegru he was concerned in a plot to assassinate Bonaparte, for which he was executed in 1804.
- Pace 69,
Line 1.—facheuses—Vexatious, Line 5.—déguenillés In rags.
6 dépourvus—Destitute, Line 6.—Beaucoup plus aptes &c.—Much better suited for the work of guerillas,—Guerilla is a Spanish word, meaning properly little war—diminutive of guerra, war. The
name arose from the irregulsr kind of warfare carried on in the north of Spain during the Peninsular War.
Line 8.—réciproque—Mutual.
“ il en résulta @c,—Thence arose quarrels,.
Line 9.—aurait dû être Ought to have been.—The circumflex
accent on dû distinguishes it from du. Compare cr, sûr, mûr, re.
en D
184 NOTTS.
Line 13.—prit d’habiles dispositions —Adopted able measures - h made skilful arrangr-ments. L Line 19.—pleine mer—Open ses—as distinguished from bays, &c. | elie—Refers to presqu’'ile.
Line 20.—coupéé—Cut off.
Line %5,—Loxient à Auray—Two towns in Morbihan, the former Ii to the west, the latter to the east of Quiberon. Li Line 26.-Brest—An important sea-port and naval station in Brit- 1 tany; dep. Finisterre—the most westerly town of any importance in France—st sounded in this word. Li kid St. lalo— A sea-port of Brittany, directly south of the island of Jersey. It was from this port that Jacques Cartier sailed.
Lire 27.—intelligences Friends who furnished intelligence—cor- Li respondents.
, Line 28.—Rennes—An inland town in the same department as St. Malo. La Line 35.—disponibles—At his disposal—available. 4 Li Pace 70. ” Line 11.—mit tout en œuvre—Made every effort. Li Line 17.—replier—Fall back. .
Line 18.—toujours en possession de—Which still held, Line 22.— serrés de près—Closely pressed.
Line 24—chaloupes canonnieres—(Gun-boats.
Line 25.—embossées Lying broadside. Li Line 33.—il fallait faire venir &c.—Provisions had to be brought to from a «'stance. Li 1: :85.—plus ses troupes &c.—The more his troops increased in LE numbers, the greater was the difficulty of feeding them. Line 37.—de nouveau—Avain. Lir Pace 71. Lit Line 1.—dont il leur &c.—Whose enclosure he forbade them to cross. See Note, p. 21, L 30.
Line 4—le frappa—Struck him down. Lir Line 5.—<0mprima la sédition—Quelled the mutiny. 3 Lir Line 8.—longue-vue — Field-glass — telescope — literally, long- Te sight. : : Lir Line 11.—sur les lieux—To the’ scene. Lin Line 18.—In Marseil aise—See Note, p. 11, 1. 83. Lin Line 21.—gracieux et sans forfanterie—Cc'rteous and uuosten- |
tatious.
Burcs -
ays, &c.
former
in Britof any
: of the Jacques
ce—cor-
ment as
brought
“eased in ng them.
them to
uuosten-
Line 28.—altérex—Disfiguring.
Line 24.—vennit expirer—Fnded.
. sour€il—In &7, mi (for mille), and fil, Lis sonnded ; in
avril, babil, mil (millet), péril, it is liquid ; and in baril, chenil, coutil, fusil, gentil, gril, nombril, outil, and sourcil, it is altogether silent.
Line 25.—héroique-—See Note, D: 12
Line 85.—exaspérées—Irritated—1.e. by the manner in which the representatives had compelled them to furnish food for the Republican army.
Line 86.—en face de lui—JIn front of him.
Line 8.—<en apparence inexpugnable—Apparent] yimpregnable. In ineæpugnable, the g and n sre pronounced separately, each having its proper articulation.
Lane 4.—bien executé—Tf it had been well carried out.
Line 8.—soulevées— Who had risen—1.e., insurgent.
Line 9.—fondre sur—To fall on-—to attack.
(L les derrières— The rear.
Line 13.—des chasse-marée—The name given to the luggers or fishing-boats used by the French fishermen of Brittany and Normandy ; corrupted in the south of England by the saïilors into ‘“ Chase-Mary.” Observe that this noun has the same form singular and plural. See D.F. 41: (9),
Line 16.—€prouvés—Tried—experienced. ;
Line 17.—Quimper—A town west of Quiberon—dep. Finisterre.
Line ?9,—à revers—In the rear.
Line 22.—fit échouer &c—Caused the failure of this skilfully ar-
* ranged plan.
Line 24.—s’assurer de—To secure.
Line 25.— pour enlever-To seize.
Line 26.—projetait maintenant—Was now planning.
«6 Saint-Brieuc—or Brieux—A town of Brittany, west of St. Malo.
Line 27.—6taient heureusement &c—Had landed safely, -
Line 29.—elle-Referring to l'agence royaliste, 1. 21.
Line 80.—à regret—Unwillingly.
Line 33.—confiant dans-Relying on.
Line 35.—lui perserivit—Instructed him.
Line 87.—en essayant de se lier—Endeavoring at the same time
to effact a junetion.
mnt »
Éritoraendetiennbtne 22 Gi «4 Ra AT
L cs 3 RFI LEE LE SEE
rte Raman fre amende À de ao Le On me
RER san et: À ITU OENARES
Line 88.— Une première fusée &c - À first rocket was to be sent up, Liue 40.-dans le cas où &c--In case he should be repulsed, and should not be able to hold his position on the shore.
Pace 78
Line 5.--parvenu—Succeeded.
Line 6.—il eut le tort —He made the mistake—tort, from Latin tortus, twisted—conmpare English wrong cognate with verb wring.
Line 18.—soutenus—Supported.
Line 16.—toulonnis—Toulonese—viz. those who had defended the city of Toulon against the Republicans, It was at this siege that Napoleon Bonaparte first distinguished himself. See Carlyle, Vol, III. Book VI. Chap. IIT.
Line 28.—se replia-Retrea ed.
Line 25.—impassible--Un:1oved—-perfectly calm.
Line 28.—sous une &c—A shower of grape-shot, shells, and cannonballs.
Line 31.—trois fois plus nombreuse—Thrice their number.
Line 82.—files—Carefully distinguish, in meaning and pronunciation the four nouns file, fil, fils, and fille.
Line 83.—fauchées—Mowed down—from noun faux, Lat. falæ scythe.
Line 35.—#mvec un acharnement &c—Wiih unparalleled fury.
Line 38.—rendez-vous &c.—The meeting-place appointed.
Line 40.—1i faut dès lors &c.—The idea of conquering had thence- {orth to be abandoned.
Line 1.—ceile ei s’exécute—This was effected.
Line 8.—se déploie Deployed—spread:
Line 4.—avant qu’ils n'uient—Que coming after the words plus, moins, mieux, autre and autrement, requires ne before the verb following. Here avant has a comparative meaning, and the same construction is nsed.
Line 5.—pour comble de malheur—To crown their misfortune,
Line 7.—en pleine poitrine—Full in the breast,
“6 biscaien—Musket-ball—Biscaïen is properly a long-barrelled musket, s0-called from Biscaye in Spain, where it was first used.
Line 19.—sur—Ont of.
Line 24.—rade- -Roadstead.
2 : Æ 6 éesé 2 2: re a à land Line 47, —m0 GUSCUIUrT D OELUrEU— iQ init:
sent up, sed, and ore,
m Latin te with
lefended ; was at iguished , TEL
cannon-
Tr.
onuncia-
at. falæ fury.
| thence-
rds plus, re before parative
fortune,
ong-bar- |, where
Line 29.—blessé À mort—Mortally wounded.
Line 31.—c'’est lui Sombreuil &oe—It was this same Sombreuil who was to struggle to the last with Hoche for tke possession of this bloody strip of land.
Line 85.—bouillantArdent—Compare Eng. fervent from Latin fervens, Loiling. ‘
Line 86.—morts— Who had died.
Line 87.—entrainée- Hurried.
Line 3€,—tount dernièrement—Quite recently.
Line 39.—€perdument—"To distraction.
Line 40,—moces-—Marriage—from Lutin nuptide.
Line 1.—tinncée- Bride, de cingler—To sal, Line 6.—-de la conservation On the retention. Line 8.--pour que &ce—That its defence should be entrusted exclusi -ely to his divisior.
Line 11.—se trouvaient There were.
Line 14.—pontons—Hulks-—old or dismasted vessels used as prisons.
= s’engager—To take service.
Line 15.—l’heure-—The time.
Line 17.—1a marée basse &c—The low water along the walls.
Line 20.—en remarquant-—Observing at the same time. |
Lino 21.—gnéables—Which could be forded--fordable, S
Line 22,—y amenaît—Brought thither—4.e. to the Republican à camp. à
Line 27.—dès le lendemain—The next day—Distinguish dés, dès *: and des. +
Line 30,—à la basse mer—At low tide.
Line 33.—hommes d'élite-Picked men.
6 le rocher &c—See p. 69, 1. 17.
Line 86.—par un temps sombre—The sky being cloudy.
Line 39,—mêlé de grêle &c.—Of mingled hail end icy rain.
Lire 1.—déchainés avec fureur—Let loose in all their fury Line 2.—tourbilions—-Whirlwinds.
Line 10.—aux premièros lueurs— At dawn.
Line 12.—firent feu—Opened fire.
Ti: 19 P£enit MI alarm PINCE 10.—+ CYOsE— Lie AIATI,
sn ce
ae
de = Sc Sn Da CORRE ER =
PRRRN IAE à DE
NOTFS,
Line 19,—transfuge.-Deserter,
Line 21.—bastionné—Fortified.
Line 24.—s’acerochant &c,—Clinging to the brambles and shrubs,
Line 26.—crevasses—Crevices.
“4 se poussant &c—Pushing one another.
Line 27.—restait à gravir—Remained to be climbed.
Line 32,—plate-forme—pPlatform—the flat ground inside the parapet.
Line 84.—sur leurs pièces—At their guns.
Line 36.—muruaille__The word generally refers to the fortifications of a city &e—mur is the generai word for wall, See Note p. 23, 1. 10.
Line 36k-—-rebrousse chemin—Rotraced his steps.
Lino 89.—dispose tout—Made all arrangements,
Pace 77.
Line 2.—i1 ne s'agissait plus-—Tt was no longer a question. Line 8.—ouverte &e—Which was now open to the ever increasing tide.
Line 4.—d’urrêter —Checking.
Line 65.—débris—Remnants.
Line 6.—dans ec but—To this end.
Line 7.—d'urgenutes &e—-Hasty aad vain measures.
Line 10.—encombrée— Now crowded.
Line 12.—en désespérés—In despair.
Line 14.—essayaient &c—Were endeavoring to.re-form—t1.e. to geë into proper order in their ranks, so as to resist the enemy.
Line 17.—parvinrent à—Succeeded in.
Line 22.—perdaient du terrain— Were losing ground.
Line 24.—1a tourmente &c—The storm still made the vraves high —Distinguish éourmente, fem. storm, from tourmente, mas. torment. =
Line 26.—embarcations—Boats.
Linc 28.—fût— The verbs ignorer, nier, disco venir, &c., govern the .
subjunctive because, although there is no negative word expressed, they have themselves à negative meaning.
Line 31.—-désespéré—In a desperate condition.
Line 37.—à tort—Wrongly—rende: freely—-but it is a mistake to
Q Q 74 RP LE Lui nn ts nee regarä his flight as an act oi wreacnery.
Lin Lin Lin Lin Lin Lin Lin,
Lin
Line
Line Line Line
Line Line Line
shrubs,
16 para-
ications ll, See
A, reasing
e. to geë sist the
ves high rmente,
vern the .
negative Je Inean-
stake to
Line 1.—nt fatre'force voiles—Crowded all sail—the more usua)l expression is faire force des voiles—Observe the remarkablo alliteration, no less than five successive monosyllables beginning with the same aspirate. Distinguish voile, masc, veil, from voile, fem. sail.
Line 8.—quelques coups &c—Some shots badly aimed took effect.
Line 5%.—s0ffrait alors &c— Was then presented to y w.
Line 6.—écartaitScattered—kept off.
Line 16.—roulés et brisés— Knocked down and bruisod,
Line 19,—désert Abandoned.
Line 21.—en face—]In front,
Line 22,—avançaient toujours—Kept advancing.
Line 28.—Bas les armes &c—Down with your arms! Patriots, come over to us !
Line 24.—Rendez-vous &c—Surrender—no harm will be done to you.
Line 26,—se porta &c— Advanced in front of his men.
Line 27.—à sa rencont-e To meet him.
Line 50.—16s 10is— This rofers to the‘ :- ‘her ‘n force against the émigrés, which imposer ‘ty of death on any one of them who shoul: French soil.
Line 51.—ne crut pas &e—Did rat
Line 84.--s’em remettre—Yield then.
Line 36.—accorda une dem‘-houre- icult to imagine what idea Hoche had in grantu, is time, which he must have known was altogether insufficient for the embarkation of the defeated Royalists, Under such circumstances the delay was only a mockery. It looks very much us if he had wished to obtain some credit for a desire to save these unfortunate men, but at the same time had been too much afraid of the displeasure of his masters to allow them suflicient time to be of any real service.
Line 87.—dans cette circonstance—]In regard to this occurrence.
Li... 39,—ne fussent— But or but that in the middle of a sentence, meaning that not, is expressed in French by que ne or qui ne, With the verb in the subjunctive,
Pace 79.
Line 2.— fit espérer &c—Gave his comrades reason to hope. Line 3.—récit Account.
Line 4.—et qui—$S-e Note p. 5, 1. 55.
‘ his power.
Line 8.—om obéit—This order was obeyed
Line 10.—roes—Thore are three allied forms, roc. roche and rocher, the second and third denoie different kinds of the first.
Line 12.—f’égurement—The frenzy.
Line 15.—mit pied à terre—Dismounted,
Line 26,—Jjuridiques-Judicial,
Line 28,--qu’on envoyn—\Vho were sent,
Line 38,—pensaii avoir Thought that he had—penser, croire, &e., are foilowed by the infinit ve without a preposition.
Line 2.—flétrir-Dishonor,
Line 4.—entassés Crowded.
Line 10,—donmt &e—The existence of which, however, it was impowsihle for them to prove.
Line 12,—une convention régulière—A formul agicement,
Line 13.—sorties— Which had procecded.
Line 17.—blanchis—Grown grey. «
Line 18.—mernes—Dejected.
“ Csurés—Mistaken.
Line 23 —froidement—Coolly—in cold blood.
Line 24—allait imprimer Would stamp.
Line 26.—préposés à leur garde— 4 ppointed to guard them.
Line 27.—fañblir-To waver-—i.e. to be disposed to spara the prisoners,.
Line 29.—avunt de se dissoudre— Before its dissolution—this was immediately before the dissolution of the Convention, and the establishment in October, 1795, of the Directory with the Legislative Councils of the Ancients and the Five Hundred.
Lire 80.—holocauste—Sacrifice.
Line 34.—--La question &c—The question whether there had, or had not been a verbal offer of terms of surrender, has given rise to interminable controversies.
fine 39.—pièces justificatives-—Notes—explanatory extracts.
Line %.—-écha: p6— Who escaped,
Line 8.—l'air de route—A march.
Line 4.—la bêche sur l'épaule—With their spades on their sahoulders,
Line 7.—maintien--Bearing.
Line 9.—plus de-—See Note p. 40, 1. 14,
Line Lin:
Line Line Line Line Line Line Line
Line Line
