acte, m., action, act, deed
acti-f-ve, active.
adieu, farewell.
adjoint, m., deputy-mayor.
admettre, to admit, accept.
lOO
VOCABULARY
administrer, to administer, in-
ilict (a punishment).
admirablement, admirably.
admirer, to admire.
adorer, to adore.
adoucir, to soften. adresse,/., address.
adresser, to address.
adresser, s', to address oneself.
adroit-e, skilfui, dexterous,
clever.
affaire, /., thing, affair, matter,
business, affaires,/ //i/r., business, affairs.
affamë-e, famished, starving.
affecté-e, affected.
affecter, to affect.
affectueu-z-se, affectionate.
affermir, s', to grow hardened
(in crime).
affolé-e, crazy, excited.
afin de, in order to.
agilité, /, agility, quickness, nim-
bleness.
agir, to act.
agir, s', to be the question, in
question, the matter.
agiter, to shake.
agréable, agreeable, pleasant.
agréer, to suit.
agrémenté-e, embellished.
agrès, m. plur, rigging.
aide,/, help, aid.
aient, subj. of avoir, aiguille,/, needle.
aile,/, wing.
ailleurs, elsewhere ; d' , be-
sides, moreover, in fact.
aimable, amiable, kind.
aimer, to love, like ; mieiuc,
to like better, prefer.
ainsi, so, thus, as ; que, as
well as.
air, m., air, appearance, look ; au
grand , in the open air.
aisance,/, ease, comforts of life ;
honnête , easy circum-
stances.
aise, /, ease, comfort ; à T
easily, comfortable; en prendre à son , to take it easy.
aise, glad, joyful ; bien , very
glad.
aisé-e, easy.
aisément, easily.
ajouter, to add.
alarme,/, alarm.
allée,/, going; path.
aller, to go.
aller, s'en, to set out, go away, go out, départ.
allonger, to bring forth, stretch out.
allons see (va).
allumer, to light.
allumer, s', to light up, brighten up ; grow, become enthusiastic.
alors, then ; que, when ;
môme, even when.
altérer, s', to be altered, impaired.
amabilité, /, amiableness, loveliness.
amarrer, to moor.
amarrer, s', to make fast.
âme,/, soûl.
amener, to bring.
VOCABULARY
loi
am-er-ère, bitter.
amérique,/., America.
ami-e, friend.
amitié,/, friendliness, kindness ;
faire 1' , to do the kindness.
amnistie,/'., amnesty, pardon.
amour, m.^ love.
amour-propre, m, y self -love.
amuser, s', to enjoy, amuse one-
an, m. y year. ancien-ne, former, old.
ancre, /, anchor ; lever 1' ,
to weigh anchor.
anglais-e, English.
angoisse,/, anguish.
animaux, plur. of animal.
animer, s', to become animated, .
light up.
anneau, m.y ring, année,/., year.
annoncer, to announce.
anse,/, handle.
antipathie,/, antipathy.
apaiser, to appease.
apercevoir, to perceive, see.
apercevoir, s', to perceive, see.
aplomb, m.y equilibrium.
appareillage, m., sailing.
appartement, m., apartment,
room.
appartenir, to belong.
appel, m.y call; manquer à
1' , to be missing, to be
absent.
appeler, to call.
appeler, s', to be called.
appétit, m^ appetite.
apporter, to bring.
apprécier, to appreciate.
apprendre, to teach, leam, tell.
apprêt, m. y préparation.
appris-e, leamed ; mal , ill
bred ; bien , well bred.
approcher, s', to approach.
approprier, s', to convert to one's
own use, steal.
appui, m. y support.
appuyer, to support.
âpre, steep.
après, after, afterwards.
arbre, m., tree.
arc-bouter, s', to prop oneself.
ardeur,/, ardor.
argent, /»., silver, money.
arranger, to arrange.
arrêter, to stop, arrest.
arrêter, s', to stop.
arrière, /«., stem; à 1' , on
the stem.
arrière, behind ; en , back,
backward.
arrivée,/, arrivai.
arriver, to arrive, happen, occur,
corne, succeed.
arroser, to water.
asile, m.y asylum, shelter.
aspect, m.y aspect, sight, look.
asseoir, s', to sit down.
assez, enough, quite.
assiette,/, plate.
assis-e, seated.
assises, / plur,^ assizes ; court
d' , court of assizes.
assister, to witness, be présent at,
attend.
assombrir, to darken.
assouvir, to gratify, satisfy.
assurément, assuredly.
assurer, to assure.
assurer, s', to make sure.
attachement, m.^ attachment, affection.
attacher, to tie, fasten, attach,
stick, fix.
attacher, s', to be attached.
attaque,/, attack.
attaquer, to attack.
atteindre, to reach.
attenant, next to, close by.
attendre, to wait, wait for, expect;
en attendant, meanwhile ;
faire ^ to keep waiting.
attendre, s', to expect, look
f orward to.
attendri-e, touched, moved.
attentat, m.^ attempt at crime,
crime, attente,/, expectation.
attenti-f-ve, attentive.
attentivement, attentively.
attënuant-e, extenuating.
attirer, to attract, draw.
attrister, to sadden.
au, to the, in the.
aubaine,/, windfall, good thing.
aube,/, dawn.
auberge,/, inn.
aucun-e, one, any, with neg,y
none, no.
audace,/, audacity.
au-dessous, under, below.
au-dessus, above.
augmenter, to increase.
augure, m., omen.
aujourd'hui, to-day.
auparavant, bef ore.
auprès, near.
auquel, to whom, to which, of
whom, of which.
aurait, cond. of avoir.
aurore,/, dawn.
aussi, also, therefore, as ; aussi
. . . que, as . . . as.
aussitôt, immediately, at once ;
aussitôt que, as soon as.
autant, as much, so much, as well,
as many ; d' plus, so much
more so.
automne, m., fall, autumn.
autour, around.
autre, other.
autrefois, f ormerly.
autrement, otherwise.
autrui, /»., others, other people.
auxquels, auxquelles, to which,
to whom.
avaler, to swallow.
avance, /, advance ; par ,
beforehand.
avancer, to be too fast, advance.
avant, bef ore ; en 1 f orward,
in front. avantage, m.t advantage.
avant-port, w., outer-port.
avarie,/, damage.
avec, with.
avenir, m.y future.
aventure,/, adventure.
avertir, to wam.
avertissement, m.j waming.
aveugle, blind.
VOCABULARY
aviroiii m., oar.
avis, m.f advice, opinion.
avocat, m.f lawyer.
avoir, to hâve ; beau, to do
something in vain.
avouer, to avow, confess.
ayant, près, part of avoir.
baie,/I, bay.
baigneu-r, se, bather.
bâiller, to yawn.
bain, m.^ bath ; de pieds,
foot-bath.
baisser, to lower, ébb.
baisser, se, to stoop, lower, be
lowered.
balle,/, bail.
ballotter, to toss.
banc, m.^ bench.
bande, /, flight, crowd, gang,
strip.
baptiser, to baptize.
barbare, barbarous.
barbe,/, beard.
barbet, m., water-spanieL baril, m,, cask, barrel.
barque,/, boat.
barrière,/, gâte.
barrique,/, cask.
baryton, m.^ barytone.
bas, m., bottom, foot (of a thing).
bas-se, low ; tout ^ in a low
voice, silently.
bas-allemand, in,^ dutch, low-
german.
bassin, miy basin.
bateau, m., boat.
bâtir, to build.
bâton, m., stick ; coup de 1
blow with a stick.
battre, to beat, strike.
beau, bel, belle, beautiful, fine.
beaucoup, much, many.
beauté,/, beauty.
bébé, /»., child.
bercer, to rock, berge,/, bank.
besogne,/, work, business.
besoin, /»., need, hunger; au
, if necessary.
bote,/, animal, beast.
bête, silly, foolish.
beurre, tn.y butter.
bien, well, quite, many, very^ în-
deed, in the right way ; que,
although ; eh , well, indeed ;
ou , or else.
bien, m.^ fortune, property, good.
bientôt, soon.
bienvenue,/, welcome.
billet, m.y note.
blanc, m.y white.
blanc-he, white, clean.
Blanchette,/, a proper name.
blanchir, to grow white.
blanchissage, m.^ washing.
blé, m.y wheat.
blessure,/, wound.
bleu-e, blue.
blond-e, fair, blonde.
boire, to drink.
bois, /»., wood ; de couleur,
dyeing wood.
bond, w., leap, bound.
bondir, to jump, bound.
VOCABULARY
bonheur, m.^ happiness, good
luck.
bonhomie,/, good nature.
bonhomme, m.^ good fellow.
bonjour, good-moming.
bonne,/., servant, maid.
bon-ne, good, kind, full, sound.
bonsoir, good-evening.
bonté,/., kindness.
bord, m., edge, border, brim, shore,
railing, board (of ships) ; à ,
on board ; à son , aboard
his ship; livre de , logbook.
bordage, /«., railing.
borne,/, limit, bounds.
borner, to limit.
bottche,/, mouth.
bouchée,/, mouthful; ne faire
qu'une de, to make but a
mouthful of, eat greedily.
boucher, to stop.
bouleverser, to upset.
bourde,/, yam.
bourgeois, m.^ citizen.
bourgoisie,/, middle-class.
bout, «?., end, tip, bit.
braies, ///«r., breeches.
branche,/, branch.
bras, m.^ arm.
brasse,/, fathom.
brave, good, brave.
bravement, bravely.
brebis,/, ewe, sheep.
br-ef-ève, brief.
brillant-e, bright, brilliant.
briller, to shine, sparkle, glitter.
briser, to break.
bronzé-e, sunbumt, tanned.
brouillés, scrambled.
bruit, /»., noise, sound, report, ni-
mor, news.
brûler, to bum, light.
brusquement, suddenly, abrupt-
brusquerie,/, bluntness, abrupt-
ness.
bruyant-e, noisy.
buanderie,/, wash-house.
but, m., aim.
butter à, se, to stumble against,
come across.
ça, that, now ; ah , well, now.
cacher, to hidè, conceal.
cacher, se, to hide oneself.
cadeau, m., présent, gift.
cadran, m., dial, face (of a clock).
café, m.y coifee.
caisse,/, box.
cale,/, hold (of a boat).
câlinerie,/, cajolery.
calme, calm, undisturbed.
calmer, to calm, quiet.
calomnier,to calumniate,slander.
cambuse,/, store-room.
campagnard-e, country-man,
country-woman.
campagne,/, country.
caniche, m.^ poodle-dog.
canin-e, canine ; l'espèce e,
dogkind.
cantique, w., hymn, canticle.
caoutchouc, m. y rubber ; diable
de -^ — , rubber jack.
cap, tn.y head, bow.
VOCABULARY
OS
capitaine, m. y captain.
caprice, m. y caprice, whim.
capricieu-z-se, winding, ca-
pricious.
car, for, because.
caractère, m.^ character, charac-
teristic, temper.
caractériaer, to characterîze.
caressant-e, caressing.
caresse,/., caress.
caresser, to caress, flatter.
carreau, m., square tile or brick,
small ilag-stone.
carrure,/., breadth of shoulders,
heavy build.
carte,/, map.
cas, m., case ; en tout , how-
ever, anyway.
casquette,/, cap.
casuel-le, breakable.
cause,/, cause ; à de, because
of ; pour , for a good reason.
causer, to talk, cause.
cavalier, m., horseman.
cave,/, cellar.
ce, it.
ce, cet, m^ cette,/, this, that.
ceci, this.
céder, to give up, yield.
cela, that.
célèbre, celebrated, famous.
celle, she, the one, that ; ci,
this one.
cellier, m., cellar.
celui, he, that, the one ; ci,
this one ; là, that one.
cent, hundred, cent ; pour ,
per cent.
centime, /»., the hundredth part
of a franc.
cependant, however, meanwhile.
certain-e, certain, sure.
certainement, certainly.
certes, certainly.
certitude,/, certainty, certitude, ces, thèse, those.
cesser, to cease.
ceiuc, thèse, those.
chacun-e, each one, every one.
chagrin, m., grief, sorrow. chaîne,/, chain.
chaise,/, chair.
chaland, m.., customer.
chaleur,/, warmth.
chambre,/, room.
champ, m.y iîeld, country ; sur-le-
y at once, immediately ;
libre, clear stage.
changement, m. y change.
changer, to change.
chanter, to sing, chant.
chantonner, to hum a tune,
sing.
chapardeur, m,^ pilferer.
chapeau, m.y hat.
chapelle,/, chapel.
chaque, each, every.
charbon, /»., coal.
chargement, i»., cargo, load.
charger, to charge with, entrust,
hâve charge, load.
charger, se, to take charge.
charmant-e, charming, delight-
fui.
charme, m., charm.
charmer, to delight.
io6
VOCABULARY
chasser, to dismiss, chase, drive
away. chat, m.y cat.
châtiment, m., chastisement..
chaud-e, warm, hot.
chemin, m.y way, road; à ml
, half way.
cheminée, /, iîreplace, mantel-
piece.
chenil, m.y kennel.
ch-er-ère, dear.
chercher, to seek, get, search;
aller , to get, fetch.
cheval, m.^ horse.
chevauchée,/, ride.
chevelure,/, hair.
cheville,/, ankle.
chevron, m.y rafter.
chez, in, at, to the house of.
chicaner, to cavil, quibble.
chien, iw., dog ; de , doggish.
chine,/, China.
choc, m.y shock, push.
choir, to fall.
choisir, to choose, sélect.
choix, m.y choice.
chose, /, thing ; quelque ,
something.
chou, m.y cabbage.
choyer, to take great care of.
chrétien-ne, Christian.
chronomètre, m.y chronometer.
ciel, m. y heaven. cierge, m.y wax-taper, candie.
cingler, to sail before the wind.
cinq, five.
cinquante, fifty.
cinquante-cinq, fifty-five.
circonstance,/, circumstance.
cire,/, wax.
clair-e, clear.
clairement, cleariy.
clef,/, key.
clématite,/, clematis.
clément-e, clément, merciful.
clenche,/, thumb-lift of a latch, latch.
client-e, customer.
clin, m. y wink ; en un d'csil,
in the winking of an eye.
clos-e, closed.
clôture,/, enclosure, board.
clouer, to fix, nall, detain.
cocotte,/, hen.
cœur, m.y heart ; avoir à , to
hâve at heart, be very désirons ; de bon , heartily.
coin, m.y corner.
colère,/, anger, wrath.
collier, m.y collar.
colorer, se, to color.
combattre, to combat, fight.
commande,/, order.
commandement, m.y command; de , commanding.
commander, to order, command.
comme, like, as, how, as well as.
commencer, to begin, commence.
comment, how.
commettre, to commit.
commission, /, errand; faire les s, to go on errands.
commissionnaire, m.y errandboy.
VOÇABULARY.
commode, convenient, commodious.
compagniOi /., company, every body.
compagnoiii m.y companion.
comparer, to compare.
compatiB8ant-e, compassionate.
compl-et-ète, complète.
complètement, completely.
compliqué-e, complicated.
se comporter, to behave.
comprendre, to understand.
comprit, pr^t. of comprendre.
compromettant-e, dangerous, implicating.
compromettre, se, to compromise oneself .
compte, I»., account, number;
tenir , to take notice ; se
rendre , to give oneself an
account, realize.
compter, to count, reckon.
concession,/, yielding.
concourir, to concur.
condamné-e, convict.
condamner, to condemn.
condamner, se, to condemn one-
conduire, to lead, conduct, carry.
conduire, se, to behave oneself.
conduite,/, behavior, conduct.
confesser, to confess.
confier, to intnist, confide.
congé, tn.y leave ; prendre ,
to take one's leave.
conjugal-e, conjugal.
conjurer, se, to conspire.
connaissance, /, acquaintance ;
-, to become acquaint-
faire -
éd.
connaître, to know, be acquainted wîth.
COXïXLXky past. part <^ connaître.
conquérir, to conquer.
conquête,/, conquest.
conquis, past.part. ^conquérir.
conscience, /, conscience; en , conscientiously.
conscienscieusement, conscientiously.
consciencieu - x - se, conscientious.
conséquent, par, consequently.
conserver, to keep, préserve.
considérer, to consider, regard.
consoler, to console.
conspirer, to conspire.
constant-e, constant, lasting.
consterner, to strike with consternation, dismay.
consulter, to consult.
contenance,/, countenance.
contenir, to contain.
contenir, se, to restrain oneself,.
keep one's temper.
content-e, pleased, content, satisfied.
contenter, se, to content oneself with, be satisfied with.
conter, to tell, relate.
continuer, to go on, continue.
contraindre, to compel, force.
contraindre, se, to restrain one
contraint-e, forced, constrained.
contrainte,/, restraint.
io8
VOCABULARY
contraire, »/., contrary ; au ,
on the contrary.
contrarié-e, sorry.
contrariété, /., disappointxnent, contrariety.
contraste, m.y contrast.
contraster, to contrast.
contre, against.
contre-allée,/, counter-alley.
contre-coup, w., rebound, repercussion, counter-blow.
convaincre, to convince.
convenir, to agrée, admit, please.
convoitise, yi, covetousness, eager désire.
copain, m.., comrade.
copieu-z-se, copious.
coque,/., huU, shell.
coquille,/, shell.
coquin, m,, rascal, rogue.
corde,/, rope, cord, string.
cordon, m., string.
corps, w., body ; de délit,
a thing which proves a crime.
corrupt-eur-rice, corrupting.
corvée,/, dmdgery.
côte,/, coast, hill.
côté, tn.i side ; du , in the
direction; d'un , on one
side ; de son , for his own
part ; du de, about ; à
de, by the side of.
coteau, m.j hill.
cou, m., neck.
couchant, crawling.
couche,/, layer.
couché-e, lying down.
coucher, to sleep, lie down.
coucher, se, to lie down.
coucou, m,y cuckoo-clock.
coude, m.y elbôw.
couler, to sink, flow, run.
couleur,/, color ; bois de ^
dyeing wood.
coup, m.j blow, stroke ; du premier , at first ; tout à ,
suddenly.
coupable, m., culprit, guilty
person.
coupable, sinful.
couper, to eut.
cour,/, court-yard.
courageusement, courageously.
courant, m., current ; mettre au
— ; — , to make conversant, ac-
quaint.
courir, to run.
courrier, m.t mail.
cours, m.y course, direction.
course,/, running, running about;
faire une , to go on er-
rand.
court-e, short.
couvert, m.y shelter, thicket ;
mettre le , to set the table.
craignant, past, part, (/craindre.
craindre, to f ear.
crainte,/, fear.
crainti-f-ve, fearful, timorous crème,/, cream.
crête,/, cotnb. (of chickens).
creu-z-se, hollow.
crève-cœur, m.y heart-break. crever, to burst, break.
cri, m.y cry.
crier, to cry out.
VOCABULARY
criminel-lei criminal.
crinière,/!, mane, hair.
croire, to believe, think.
croiser, se, to meet.
crottë-e, dirty.
cruel-le, cruel.
cruellement, cruelly.
crut, prêt of croire.
cueillette,/, gathering.
cueillir, to pick, gather.
cuisine, /!, kitchen, cooking.
cuisinière,/, cook.
cuisse,/., thigh.
culbuter, to overtum, throw
down, upset.
cultivateur, m., farmer, agricul-
turist.
curiosité,/, curiosity.
dalle,/!, ilag-stone.
dame ! well ! to be sure I dangereu-z-se, dangerous.
Danois-e, Dane, Danish.
dans, in, into, within, off.
davantage, more.
de, of, to, f rom, off, with, by, in.
débarrasser, to rid. débarrasser, se, to rid oneself.
débitant-e, dealer, retailer.
debout, up, standing ; se tenir
, to stand up.
début, m.., beginning.
déchet, m., waste.
décidément, decidedly.
décider, to décide.
décime, ni.^ a two-cent coin.
décorer, to adom.
découragement, m., discour-
agement.
décourager, to discourage.
découverte,/., discovery.
découvrir, to discover.
découvrir, se, to take one's hat
off.
décrire, to describe; un
bond joyeux, to leap with joy.
dédaigner, to disdain.
dédaigneu-z-se, disdainful per-
son.
dédain, ^/., disdain.
défaut, ///., fault, defect.
défendre, to défend.
défendre, se, to défend oneself.
défense,/, warning, prohibition,
notice.
défenseur, m., counsel, lawyer.
défiant-e, distrustful, diffident.
défier, se, to distrust.
défigurer, to disfigure.
défiler, to run off.
définitif-ve, définitive.
degré, m.y degree. dehors, out, outside.
déjà, already.
déjeûner, m.^ breakfast.
dé jeûner, to breakfast.
délibérer, to deliberate.
délicat-e, délicate.
délicatement, delicately, gently.
délicatesse,/, refinement, deli-
cacy, kindness, tact.
délié-e, acute.
délinquant, m.^ offender.
délit, m„ offence ; corps de
a thing which proves a crime.
IIO
VOCABULARY
demain, to-morrow.
demander, to ask, demand,
require ; ne pas mieux,
to ask nothing better.
demander, se, to ask oneself,
wonder.
démarrer, to leave the mooring
place, sail.
démesuré-e, immoderate, un-
bounded, excessive.
demeure,/, dwelling, abode.
demi-e, half ; à , half.
demi-sommeil, /;/., doze.
démon, m.^ devil, démon.
dénoncer, to denounce.
dénouer, to untie.
dent, »/., tooth ; coup de .
bite.
dentelle,/!, lace.
départir, to bestow.
dépasser, to go beyond.
dépense,/., expense, expenditure, dépenser, to spend.
dépit, m. y spite.
déplacé-e, out-of -place, ill-timed.
déplaire, to displease.
déployer, to display.
déplu, past. part, of déplaire.
dépôt, m.., deposit, trust.
déposer, to deposit, place, un-
load.
depuis, since.
déranger, se, to misbehave.
derni-er-ère, last, latter.
derrière, behind ; de , hind.
dès, as soon as.
des, of the, some, from the, by
the.
désagréable, disagreeable, un>
pleasant.
désagrément, m,y unpleasant-
ness, disagreeableness.
désappointer, to disappoint.
désarmer, to disarm, lay down
one's arms.
descendre, to descend, go down-
stairs.
descente,/, going down.
désemplir, to grow empty; la
villa ne désemplit pas, the
villa was always fuU.
désert-e, deserted.
déserter, to désert.
désespéré-e, desperate.
désir, m. y désire, wish.
désirer, to désire.
désireu-z-se, desirous.
désordre, m.y disorder.
désormais, henceforth, hereaf ter,
from this time.
destinée,/, destiny.
destiner, to destine.
détail, m,y détail, particular.
détour, m. y tum.
détresse,/, distress, danger.
dette,/, debt.
deux, two ; tous les , both
of them, of you, of us.
devancer, to précède, go be-
fore.
devant, before, in front of ; de
, fore.
devenir, to become.
deviner, to guess, divine.
dévisager, to stare out.
devoir, m.^ duty.
devoir, must, ought, to owe,
should, to hâve to.
dévorer, to devour.
dévouement, m, y dévotion.
diable, »*., de vil, f ellow ; en ,
deucedly, exceedingly ; de
caoutchouc, mbber jack.
Dieu, iw., God ; Bon ! great
heavens 1 différent-e, différent.
difficile, difficult, hard to please.
difficulté,/, difficulty.
difforme, deformed, misshapen.
digérer, to digest.
dignité,/, dignity.
diner, m. y dinner.
dîner, to dine.
dire, to tell, say, speak ; vouloir
, to mean ; entendre ,
—, that is to
to hear ; c'est-à —
say.
dire, se, to say to oneself.
diriger, se, to direct one*s steps,
go.
discernement, /»., clevemess,
discerning.
discours, m.^ discourse, speech.
discrètement, discreetly.
discrétion, /, prudence, circum-
spection, discrétion.
disparaître, to disappear.
disperser, se, to scatter.
disposé-e, disposed, inclined.
distinctement, distinctly.
distinguer, to distinguish.
distrait-e, absent-minded.
distribuer, to deliver, distribute.
diviser, to divide.
dix, ten.
dizaine,/, about ten.
domestique, domestic.
dominant-e, prédominant.
donc, then, therefore.
donner, to give.
donner, se, to give oneself.
dont, whose, of which, in which,
through which, with which, at
which, for which.
doré-e, golden.
dorloté, fondled.
dormeu-r-se, sleeper.
dormir, to sleep.
dos, m.., back.
dose,/, quantity, dose doubler, to double.
doucement, softly, gently, slowly.
douceur, /, gentleness, sweet-
ness. [ache.
douleur, /, sorrow, grief, pain,
douloureu-z-se, sorrowful.
doute, w., doubt ; sans ,
doubtless, without doubt.
douter, to doubt.
douter, se, to suspect.
douteu-z-se, doubtful.
dou-z-ce, sweet, soft.
douzaine,/, dozen.
douze, twelve.
drame, m. y drama.
drap, /;/., cloth, broadcloth, bed-
sheet.
droit, in.y right.
droit, straight; tout ,
straight, standing.
droite, /, right ; a , to the
right.
VOCABULARY
drôle, funny, queer, singular.
drôle, m.f rascal.
du, of the, from the.
d-û-ue, due.
dupe,/, dupe ; ne fut pas -
was not deceived.
dur-e, hard.
durée,/, duration.
durer, to last.
eau,/, water.
ébahisse ment, m.^ amazement,
astonishment.
ébats, m. plur.^ gambol.
ébouriffé-e, disordered.
écarter, to set aside, push aside,
spread.
échappée (de vue),/, vista.
échapper, to escape, corne from.
éclair, m.^ flash.
éclaircie, /, clear place (in a
wood).
éclairer, to light, illuminate, en-
lighten.
éclatant-e, loud, bright, dazzling.
économie,/, economy.
écoute, /, hiding-place for listen-
ing ; aux s, l'oreille aux
-s, with a listening ear.
écouter, to listen.
écoutille,/, hatchway.
écrier, s', to cry out, exclaim.
écrire, to write.
écriture,/, handwriting.
écueil, m.y reef.
écussonner, to bud. eh bien ! well 1
effacer, to efface.
effacer, s', to draw aside.
effaroucher, to frighten.
effet, fw., effect, resuit ; en ^
in reality.
efficace, efficacious.
effianqué-e, lean, thin.
efforcer, s', to endeavor.
effraction, /, the breaking open
of a door or window.
effronté-e, brazen-face person.
égal-e, equal, even; c'est ,
just the same, anyhow.
également, equally.
égard, m. y regard, respect.
égayer, to cheer up.
église,/, church.
élan, m.y start.
élancer, s', to rush, bound, spring,
leap.
élargir, to enlarge, widen.
élever, to raise, bring up, erect,
set up ; mal , badly bred.
élever, s', to arise, rise.
elle, she, it.
elle-même, herself, itself.
éloge, w., pralse ; faire 1' , to
speak in praise.
éloigner, s', to go away.
éloquent-e, éloquent.
embarquer, to ship, put on ship-
board, embark. embarras, m.^ embarrassment.
embarrassant-e, embarrassing.
embarcation,/, small boat, craft.
embonpoint, m.^ plumpness.
embouchure,/, mouth.
emmélé-e, entangled.
VOCABULARY
emmener, to take away, lead
away.
empêcher, to prevent.
empêtrer, s', to become entan-
gled.
empire, m.y influence, empire.
emploi, m. y use.
emporté-e, ninaway.
emportement, /»., passion,
transport.
emporter, to carry away, take
away.
empreinte, /, mark, print, impression.
empressement, m., eagemess ;
mettre de 1' , to be eager.
empresser, s', to be eager, to
hasten.
emprunter, to borrow.
en, of him, of her, of it, of them,
byit.
en, in, into, by, with, as.
enchaîner, to chain.
enchantement, m.^ enchant-
ment, magie, enchanter, to charm, enchant.
encore, still, again, yet, besides,
indeed, moreover.
endroit, m., place, spot.
énergie,/, energy.
énergique, energetic.
enfance,/, childhood.
enfant, m.t child.
enfermer, to shut up, enclose.
enfin, at last, in short, fînally,
after ail.
enfoncer, to bury, thrust, drive
in.
enfourcher, to bestride.
enfuir, s', to run away, take flight.
engloutir, to swallow up.
enjamber, to stride over.
enlacer, to entwine.
enlever, to lift, take away, re-
move.
ennemi-e, enemy.
ennui, ///., annoyance.
ennuyer, s', to be wearied, hâve
a tedious time of it.
ennuyeu-z-se, tiresome, wear-
isome, bothersome, annoying.
énorme, enormous, large.
énormité,/, enormousness.
enquête,/, inquest.
ensemble, together. ensemble, m.y whole, number,
combination.
ensuite, after, then.
entendre, to hear, understand,
mean.
entendre, s', to understand each
other, come to terms.
enti-er-ère, entire.
entièrement, entirely.
entrain, m., spirit.
entraîner, to carry away.
entre, between, into, in, among.
entrée,/, coming in, entrance.
entrer, to enter.
enfretenir, to keep up.
entretien, m.y keeping.
entr'ouvrir, to half-open, open a
little.
enveloppe, /, exterior, appear-
ance.
envelopper, to wrap.
VOCABULARY
envers, towards.
envie,/, désire, wish.
envier, to envy.
environ, about.
environs, m.plur.y neighborhood,
environs, vicinity.
envoyer, to send.
épais-se, thick.
épargner, to save, spare.
épaule,/, shoulder.
épicier, m.^ grocer.
épier, to watch.
épouse,/, wife.
épouser, to marry, wed.
époux, m.yplur.y married people.
éprouver, to feel.
épuiser, to exhaust.
épuiser, s', to be exhausted, to
exhaust oneself.
équipage, m.j crew.
érailler, to scratch.
errant-e, wandering, stray.
escalade,/, the scalingof a wall.
escale,/, putting in, stop.
escalier, m., staircase.
escogriffe, m.., ill-made man.
espèce, /, species, kind, sort ;
r humaine, mankind.
espérer, to hope.
esprit, m.y wit, mind, intelligence,
cleverness, sensé.
essayer, to try.
essentdel-le, essential.
essuyer, to wipe.
est, m.j east.
estimer, s', to consider oneself.
estomac, m. y stomach.
et, and.
étage, m.y story, floor. étaler, to display.
étéf past part, o/être, éteignit, »', prêt, of s'éteindre.
éteindre, s', to be extinguished.
étendre, to spraad.
étirer, to stretch.
étoffe,/, cloth.
étoile,/, star.
étonnant-e, astonishing.
étonnement, m.y astonishment,
surprise.
étonner, to astonish.
étonner, s', to wonder, be aston«
ished.
étouffer, to smother, stifle, choke.
étourdi-e, stunned, dizzy.
étrange, strange, queer.
étrang-er-ère, strange.
être, m.y being, créature.
être, to be.
étroit-e, narrow; à Y » nar-
rowly.
étroitement, closely.
eurent, /r^/. Ravoir.
eût, imp, subj. of avoir.
eux, they, them.
euz-mémes, themselver.
évanouir, s', to vanish, dis-
appear.
éveiller, to awake.
événement, m.y event.
éventail, m, y fan.
éventé-e, discovered.
éviter, to avoid.
ezact-e, correct, exact, punctuaL exagérer, to exaggerate.
examen, m. y examination.
examiner, to examine.
ezcellent-e, excellent.
excepté, except.
excès, m., excess; à 1' , to
excess.
exciter, to excite, urge.
excuser, to excuse.
exécrer, to execrate.
exécuter, s', to sacrifice oneself, comply.
exemple, m., example; par ! indeed 1
exempt-e, free, exempt.
exercé-e, trained.
exhaler, s', to express, be exhaled.
exiger, to exact.
exilé, m., exile.
exiler, to exile.
exister, to exist.
expansi-f-ve, expansive.
explication,/., explanation.
exploit, m.y exploit, feat.
explosion, /., transport, explosion, passion.
exposer, to expose.
exposer, s', to expose oneself.
exprès, purposely; tout ,
for the very purpose.
expressi-f-ve, expressive.
exprimer, to express.
exprimer, s', to express oneself.
exténuer, s', to wear oneself out.
extérieur-e, exterior, outside, outer.
extraordinairement, extraordinarily.
face,/., face, visage; à i
face to face.
fàché-e, sorry.
fâcher, to anger, make angry.
fàcheu-x-se, sorrowful, unpleas-
ant, troublesome.
facile, easy.
façon,/, manner, way ; à sa ,
after his own manner.
facteur, m.^ letter-carrier.
faiblesse,/, weakness.
faillir, to fail (foUowed by an
infinitive to come near).
faim, /, hunger ; mourir de
, to be starving, starve.
fainéant-e, lazy fellow, sluggard.
faire, to do, make.
faire, se, to take place, be made,
happen, make oneself.
faisant, près. part. ofldÎYQ.
fait, »/., fact; de , in fact;
tout-à , altogether.
falaise,/, cliff.
falloir, to be necessary, must.
fallu, f rom falloir.
familiarité,/, familiarity.
famili-er-ère, familiar.
famille,/, family.
farcir, to stuff.
fascinat-eur-rice, fascinating.
fasse, f rom faire, fatal-e, fatal.
faute,/, fault, offence.
fauteuil, m., armchair.
faveur,/, favor.
favori-te, favorite.
feindre, to feign.
ii6
femelle,/, f emale.
femme,/, wife, woman.
fendre, to break.
fenêtre,/, window.
fente,/, crack.
fer, w., shoe (of horses), iron.
ferme, firm, solid.
fermer, to close, shut.
fermeté,/, iîrmness.
féroce, ferocious, cruel.
festin, m.^ feast.
fôte,/, festival, feast, holiday.
feu, m.y fire, hearth.
feuille,/, leaf, newspaper.
fidèle, faithful, tnie.
fidéUté,/, fidélity.
fi-er-ère, proud.
fiévreu-z-se, feverish.
figure,/, face.
fil, m., thread.
filer, to shoot out.
fille,/, girl, daughter.
fils, m.y son.
fin, /, end ; à seule , with
the only idea.
fin-e, fine, nice, acute, shrewd,
clever.
finir, to finish, fit, prêt, of faire.
fixe, fixed, steady.
fixement, iixedly.
fixer, to iix.
flairer, to scent, smell.
flamand-e, Flemish.
flanc, m., side, flank.
flâner, to saunter, loiter.
flatter, to caress, flatter.
flatteu-r-se, flattering, flatterer.
fléchir, to bend, give way.
fleuri-e, florid.
fleuve, f»., river.
flot, m.^ tide.
flottant-e, floating.
foi,/, faith; ma ! upon my
f aith, really.
foin, m., hay.
fois, /, time ; une , once ;
deux , twice.
fond, m.y bottom, background ; au , in the main, at the bottom, at heart.
force, /, strength, force ; à
de, by dint of.
forcé-e, forced.
forcer, to compel, force.
forfait, m.^ crime, offence.
forme, /, form, shape, figure ;
pour la , for form's sake ;
en , regular.
former, to form, make.
formuler, se, to express oneself.
fort, very, much, very much.
fort-e, strong, heavy, great.
fortement, exceedingly.
fossé, m., ditch.
fou, m.^ folle,/, mad, crazy, senseless.
fouet, m., whip.
fougue, /, passion, ardor, transport.
fouiller, to search, rummage ;
du regard, to cast a
searching glance.
foule,/, lot, crowd.
fourni-e, hairy, fumished.
fournir, to fumish, give.
VOCABULARY
f ourniSBeur, m.^ tradesman, store-
keeper, purveyor.
frais, m. plur.^ expense ; de
route, travelling expenses ;
faire des , to put oneself
to expense, to go to a good deal
of trouble.
fra-is-îche, fresh.
fraise, y!, strawberry.
français-e, French.
franc-he, frank.
franchir, to cross, franchise, yi, frankness.
frappant-e, striking.
frapper, to strike.
frémissement, f»., quîvering.
fret, »!., freight.
frétillant-e, wagging.
frétiller, to wag.
friand-e, epicurean.
frisé-e, curly.
froid-e, cold. froisser, to strike, rub.
froncer, to contract, knit;
les sourcils, to knit one^s
brow.
front, m.^ forehead, face.
frotter, to rub, polish.
f rugal-e, frugal.
fuite,/, flight.
fumer, to smoke.
fureter, to rummage, search
out.
furleu-z-se, furious, eager.
furti-f-ve, furtive, stealthy.
furtivement, stealthily, furtively.
fût, imp, subj. ofç^^x^.
futaie, /, fopst of high trees ;
-, f orest of full-grown
haute — trees.
futur-e, future.
gâchette,/., follower (of a lock),
catch.
gabarit, »i., mold (of a ship)^
gauge (of a railway).
gagner, to eam, gain, win, reach.
gai-e, gay, cheerful.
gaiement, gayly.
gaieté, /., gaiety, cheerfulness.
gaillard, »i., brave, courageous,
hearty f ellow. galant-e, court eous, gallant.
galanterie,/, gallantry.
galère,/, galley.
gallinacés, m, plur.y gallinœ.
gambade,/, gambol.
gamin, »i., street-boy, idle boy,
urchin, lad.
garçon, /»., bachelor, boy.
garde, /, guard, care; prends
, take care; n'avoir
de, not to hâve the inclination
to, to be careful not to.
garde-champôtre, m., village-
policeman.
garder, to guard, look after, keep.
garder, se (de), to be careful
not to.
gardien-ne, guardian, keeper.
gsurnir, to provide, trim, fumish.
Gascogne,/, Gascony ; le golfe
de , the Bay of Biscay.
gâter, to spoil.
gâterie,/, tidbit.
ii8
VOCABULARY
gauche, /, left ; à , to the
left. gaulois, m.y Gaul.
geindre, to whine, moan.
gëmiasement, m^ moan, groan.
gendarmerie, /, gendarmery,
(horse and foot police), gôner, to hinder, disturb.
général-e, gênerai.
généreusement, generously.
généreu-z-ae, generous.
genou, m.f knee.
gens, m, plur.y people.
gentillesse, /!, gentleness.
géographie,/, geography.
geste, m., gesture.
glauque, greenish, sea-green.
glisser, to slip.
gloria, m. y coffee with brandy in
it.
gloussement, m.y clucking.
gober, to gobble up, swallow.
goélette,/, schooner.
golfe, m. y gulf.
gonfler, to swell.
gorge,/, throat.
gouffre, m. y gulf, abyss.
gourmandise,/, greediness.
gourmet, m.y gourmand, goût, m.y taste, liking.
gouvernail, m.y nidder, helm.
gouvernement, m.y govemment.
grâce, /., grâce, favor, pardon,
mercy ; à Dieu, thank
God.
gracieu-z-se, gracious, kind.
grain, m.y squall.
grand-e, great, large, taU.
grandiose, grand, imposing.
gras-se, fat.
gravement, gravely, seriously.
graver, se, to be imprinted, im>
pressed.
gré, m.y will, wish ; savoir ,
to be pleased, be thankful.
gredin, m.y rascal.
grôle, shrill.
grelotter, to shiver.
grenier, m.y attic.
griffe,/, claw.
grimper, to climb-up.
grippe, /, whim ; prendre en
, to take a dislike.
gris-e, tipsy, gray.
^ grisonnant-e, gray, tuming gray.
gros-se, heavy, big, large, stout.
grossièreté,/, nideness, impol-
iteness.
grossir, to swell, grow larger.
guère, hardly, scarcely.
guerre,/, war.
guet, m.y watch ; l'œil au ,
to be on the look out, with a
watching eye.
guetter, to watch, spy.
gueule,/, mouth (of animais), gueux, m., knave, rascal.
guider, to guide.
(*) dénotes h aspirate.
habile, clever, skilful.
habilement, skilfuUy.
habileté, /, ability, skill.
habiller, s\ to dress oneself.
VOCABULARY
habit, m.y clothing.
habitude, /, habit; d' ,
usually.
habituel-le, usual, habituai.
habituellement, habitually,
usually.
'hagard-e, haggard, wild.
*haine,/., hatred.
<halr, to hâte.
*happer, to catch.
'hardi-e, bold.
harmonie,/, harmony.
'hasard, m.y hazard, chance ; par
, perchance, perhaps.
'hauteur, /, height.
'hasarder, to risk.
'hâte,/, haste.
*hâter, to hasten.
'hausser, to shrug (of shoul-
ders).
'haut-e, high.
hélas, alas.
herbe, /, grass, herb ; en ,
in embryo.
'hérissée, bristling.
hériter, to inherit.
hériti-er-ère, heir.
hermétiquement, hermetically,
tightly.
'héros, m.y hero.
hésiter, to hesitate.
'hêtre, m.y beech-tree.
heure, /, hour, time; tout à
r , a while ago, af ter a while ;
de meilleure , earlier.
heureusement, luckily, success-
fully, prosperously.
heureu-z-se, happy.
hier, yesterday; avant , the
day before yesterday.
histoire, /, story, history.
'hocher, to shake, toss.
'hoUandais-e, Dutch.
homme, m.y man.
honnête, honest.
honneur, m.y honor.
honorablement, honestly, honorably.
'honte, /, shame ; se faire
à soi-même, to make oneself ashamed, be ashamed.
horloger, m.y clockmaker.
'hors, outside; d'ellemême, beside herself.
hospitali-er-ère, hospitable.
hôtel de ville, m.y city hall.
'hotte,/, basket.
huUe,/, oil.
'huit, eight.
humain-e, human.
humeur, /, humor, temper.
humilier, to humiliate.
'hurlement, m.y howling, howl.
hypocrisie,/, hypocrisy.
ici, hère ; d'-
from now,
hence ; jusqu' , so far.
idéal-e, idéal.
idée,/, idea.
il, he, it.
image,/, picture, image.
imaginer, to imagine.
imbécile, idiot, fool.
immédiat-e, immédiate.
VOCABULARY
immédiatement, immediately,
at once.
immobile, motionless, immova-
ble.
immobilité,/, immobility.
impartialité, /., impartiality.
impatiemment, impatiently.
impatient-e, impatient.
impertinent-e, impertinent.
impétueu-x-se, impetuous.
impétuosité, /., impetuosity,
impetuousness.
impitoyablement, pitilessly.
implorer, to implore.
important-e, important.
importer, to matter.
importun-e, troublesome, ob-
strusive.
imposer, s', to be obstrusive,
impose (something), upon one-
impossibilité,/, impossibility.
impressionner, to impress.
imprudent-e, imprudent.
impunément, with impunity.
impuni-e, unpunished.
inattendu-e, unexpected.
inconnu-e, unknown person.
inconvenance,/., impropriety.
indéfinissable, undefinable, in-
definable.
indice, m., indication, mark.
indifféremment, indifferently.
indifférent-e, indiffèrent.
indigne, horrible, infamous, un-
wqrthy.
indigné-e, indignant.
indigner, s', to be indignant.
indiquer, to indicate.
indiscipliné-e, undisciplined.
industrie,/, industry.
inezpérimenté-e , inexperi* enced.
inférieur-e, lower, inferior.
infini-e, endless, infinity.
infliger, to inflict.
informer, s', to inquire, make
inquiries.
infortune,/, misfortune.
infortuné-e, unfortunate.
ingenieu-z-se, ingénions.
ingrat-e, ungrateful.
iniquité,/, iniquity.
injonction, /, injunction.
injuste, unjust.
innocent-e, innocent, simple.
inoccupé-e, unoccupied, idle,
unemployed. inoffensi-f-ve, inoffensive.
inqui-et-ète, unquiet, uneasy,
anxious.
insensé-e, foolish, senseless, in-
sane, mad.
insignifiant-e, insignificant.
insouciant-e, careless.
installer, to install.
instiLnctiL-f-ve, instinctive.
instinctivement, instinctively.
instruction, /, instruction, in-
quiry; juge d' , investigat-
ing magistrate. [quate.
insufQsant-e, insufHcient, inadeintact-e, intact.
intelligent-e, intelligent, clever.
intensité, /, intensity, intense
ness.
VOCABULARY
intéresser, to interest.
intéresser, s', to take interest in.
intérêt, m.f interest.
intérieur-e, interior, inner, in-
ward.
intérieur, m., interior, home,
house, inside. intérieurement, inwardly.
interne, internai, inner, interior.
interrogatoire, m., examination.
interroger, to question.
interrompre, to intemipt.
intime, intimate, inner, personal.
intimité,/, intimacy. [tient,
intolérant-e, intolérant, impaintransigeant-e, exacting.
intrépide, intrepid, fearless.
inutile, useless.
invalide, m.y pensioner, old sol-
dier.
invariablement, invariably.
invité-e, guest.
inviter, to invite.
involontaire, involuntary.
involontairement,involuntarily.
irait, cond. <?/" aller.
irréguli-er-ère, irregular.
irréprochable, irreproachable.
irriter, to irritate.
irriter, s', to be irritated.
ivrogne, m., dninkard.
Jacques, f»., James.
jadis, formerly.
jalou-z-se, jealous.
jamais, never, ever; ne , never.
jambe,/, leg.
jappement, m.y yelping.
japper, to yelp.
jardin, xv., garden.
jasmin, m.^ jessamine.
jaune, f//., yolk.
jaune, yellow.
jaunir, to make yellow.
je, I.
Jean, m., John.
jetée,/, pier.
jeter, to throw, cast
jeter, se, to throw oneself.
jeu, m., play, game.
jeune, young.
jeûne, m.^ fast, fasting.
jeûner, to fast.
jeunesse,/, youth, young woman.
joie,/, joy, pleasure.
joindre, to join ; les mains,
to clasp the hands.
joli-e, pretty.
joue,/, cheek.
jouer, to warp.
jouir, to enjoy.
jour, m., day.
journal, m., newspaper, journal.
journée,/, day.
joyeusement, joyfully.
joyeu-z-se, joyful, merry.
judicieu-z-se, judicious, wise.
juge, m.y judge ; d'instruction, investigating magistrate.
jugement, m., judgment.
juger, to judge.
jupon, m. y skirt, petticoat.
juron, m. y oath.
jusant, m. y ebb-tide, ebb.
VOCABULARY
jusque, to, as far as ; jusqu'ici,
là, so far ; jusqu'à, to the
point of.
juste, just, in time, true, appro-
priate ; au , tout , ex-
actly, just now. justifier, to justify.
la, her, it, the.
là, there.
labeur, m.^ labor, work, toil.
lac, m., lake.
lâcher, to let go, release;
pied, to waver.
laid-e, ugly.
laisser, to leave, permit, allow,
let.
laisser, se, to suff er oneself to be.
lait, m.^ milk.
laitue,/, lettuce.
lame,/, billow, wave, lamenter, se, to lament, moan.
lancer, to start.
lancer, se, to start, dart, rush.
langue, /, tongue, language ;
coup de -, lick.
laper, to lap, gobble up.
laquelle, which.
large, broad, wide ; le , the
open sea, offing.
largement, broadly, widely.
larme,/, tear.
le, the, him, it.
lécher, to lick.
leçon,/, lesson.
lect-eur-rice, reader.
lecture,/, reading.
légende,/, legend.
lég-er-ère, light, slight.
légèreté, /,* levity, frivolity, thoughtlessness.
légitime, legitimate.
lendemain, m., next day, day following.
lent-e, slow.
lentement, slowly.
léonin-e, léonine, lion-like.
lequel, which, whom.
les, the, them.
lest, f»., ballast.
lestement, briskly.
lettre,/, letter.
leur, their, to them, them; les s, theirs.
lever, se, to rise.
lèvre,/, lip.
liberté,/, liberty.
libre, f ree.
licence,/, permission, license.
lieu, »!., place ; au de, in-
stead of ; avoir , to take
place, avoir tout de, to
hâve good reason to.
lieue,/, league.
ligne,/. Une.
lire, to read.
lisible, legible.
lisse, smooth.
lit, ;»., bed.
littérature,/, literature,
