acte, m., act

acti-f, -ve, adj., active.

action, f., action.

activité, f., activity.

adieu, adv,, good-by, farewell;

dire — , to bid farewell.

administrer, v,, to administer, to

manage.

admirable, adj., admirable, admiration, f., admiration, admirer, v., to admire.

adorer, v,, to adore.

adosser: s* — , v,, to lean (à,

against).

adresse, f., address.

io8

adresser, v., to address, to direct, adultère, m,, adultery.

adversaire, w., adversary, op-

ponent.

affaire, f., affair; pL business;

avoir — à, to hâve to do with.

affection, f., affection, affiche, f., placard, poster.

affront, m., affront afin que, conj\, in order that.

Afrique, f., Africa.

agacer, v., to provoke, to irritate.

âge, m., âge, epoch.

agir, V., to act; il s'agit de, it is

a question of, it concems.

agiter, v., to agitate.

agréable, adj., agreeable, pleasant.

agrément, m., liking, ornament;

arts d* — , (mère) accomplish-

ments.

ah, int, ah, oh, alas.

aider, v., to aid.

aïeul, m., pi. aïeux, sire, fore-

father.

ailleurs, adv,, elsewhere; d' — ,

besides.

aimable, adj., amiable, pleasant;

que c'est — à vous, how nice of

you.

aimer, v., to love, to like ; ' —

mieux, to like better, to prefer. ainsi, adv,, so, thus.

air, m., air; look, appearance; —

de famille, family resemblance ;

tu n'en as pas 1' — bien sûr, you

do not look so very sure ; prendre r — , to take an ai ring, aise, f., ease, comfort, pleasure;

à votre — , just as you please.

aise, adj., bien — , glad, happy,

pleased.

ajouter, v., to add.

album, m., album.

aller, v., to go, to go ahead ; s'en

— , to go away; tu vas voir,

you will see; comment allezvous? how do you do? comme il y va! how he plunges into it! il y va de sa ruine, it is a question of her ruin; allons donci impossible! you don't mean it !

alors, adv., then.

amant, m., lover.

amasser, v., to lay up, to accumulate.

ambassade, f., embassy.

ambitieu-x, -se, adj., ambitious.

ambition, f., ambition.

âme, f., soûl.

amende, f., fine ; se mettre â 1' — , to atone for.

amener, v., to lead.

ami, m., f riend ; dear, sweetheart.

amie, f., f riend.

amitié, f., f riendship ; faites-nous 1* — , do us the favor.

amollir: s' — , v., to grow effeminate.

amour, m., love; — propre, selflove, selfishness.

amoureu-x, -se, adj., in love ; devenir — de, to fall in love with.

amuser, v., to amuse.

an, m., year.

ancien, -ne, adj., old, former.

anéantir, v., to annihilate.

angoisse, f., anguish, pang.

année, f., year.

annoncer, v., to announce.

apercevoir: s' — de, v., to perceive, to notice.

apôtre, m., apostle; faire le bon — , to play the angel of peace.

appartement, m., apartments, flat.

appartenir, v., to belong; il m'appartient, it is my business.

appeler, v., to call, to appeal to; s* — , to be called.

appointement, m., salary.

IIO

apporter, v., to bring.

apprendre, v., to leam, to teach, to inform.

approcher: s' — de, v., to approach.

approuver, v., to approve-of.

appui, m., support.

après, prep., adv., after ; -— ? what else ? d' — , according to ; — toi, mon boni TU cède the palm to you, my dear fellow.

après-midi, f., afternoon.

arabe, m., Arab horse (the most highly prized breed of horses in Europe) ; usurer (fam.),

arbre, m., tree ; — à fruit, f ruittree.

arche, f., ark.

argent, m,, si 1 ver, money.

arme, f., weapon, arm.

armée, f., army.

arquebuse, f., arquebuse; coup d' — , arquebuse shot.

arracher, v,, to tear away (à, from).

arranger, v., to arrange, to settle ; s' — , to be settled peaceably.

arrêt, m., decree.

arrêter,, v., to stop, to résolve; s' — , io stop ; mon plan est arrêté, my mind is made up.

arrière-pensée, f,, mental réservation, secret thought, afterthought.

arriver, v,, to arrive, to succeed; encore un d'arrivé, another one who has succeeded.

arrondir, v., to round out.

arrondissement, m., circuit, disart, m., art. [trict.

artiste, m., artist.

aspirer, v., to aspire, to strive (à, after).

assaut, m., assault, attack; livrer un — , to makç an attack.

asseoir: s* — , v., to sit down.

assez, adv,, enough, rather, quite.

assiette, f,, plate, assis, -s, pple. of asseoir, sitting,

seated.

assister, v,, to assist, to be présent associé, m., associate, partner, assurer, v., to assure; s* — de, to

ascertain.

astronomie, f., astronomy.

attacher, v., to attach.

atteindre, v., to attain, to reach.

atteler, v., to put the horses to.

attendant: en —, adv., in the

meantime.

attendre: s'— à, v., to wait for,

to expect; attends donci just

wait!

attention, f., attention, attirer, v,, to attract, to lure, to

invite.

attrait, m., attraction, attraper, v., to get, to catch. .

attribuer, v., to attribute.

au, contraction of à le.

aucun, -e, adj., any ; Tvith ne, not

any, no.

aujourd'hui, adv., to-day.

aumône, f,, alms; faire P— , to

give alms.

auner, v., to measure with a yardstick.

auprès de, prep., near, by the side

of.

aussi, adv., also, hence; — ...

que, just as., .as.

autant, adv., as much, so much;

d' — moins, ail the less.

autoriser: s' — de, v,, to take

power from.

autour de, prep,, around, about.

autre adj., other; c'est — chose,

that's différent, that's another

thing.

autrefois, adv., formerly.

avance, f., advance; d' — , in advance.

avancer, v., to advance; bien avancé, nicely off.

avant, prep., before ; — de partir, before leaving.

avec, prep., with.

avenir, m., future.

aventure, f., adventure.

aventureu-x, -se, adj., adventurous.

avertir, v., to warn, to inform.

aveugle, adj,, blind.

avis, m., opinion.

avoir, v., to hâve, to get; qu'astu donc? what is the matter with you, pray? il n*a que vingt ans, he is but twenty years old.

avoué, m., lawyer.

avouer, v., to confess, to own.

avril, m., April.

bah, int., oh well, pshaw.

bâiller, v,, to yawn.

baiser, v,, to kiss.

baisser, v,, to cast down.

bamboche, f., spree, fun.

'bande, f., belt. strtp; band, gang; — noire, a real estate company that made a specialty of buying up and parceling out large estâtes.

bandit, w., bandit, thief, robber.

banque, f., bank.

banquier, m., banker.

barbue, /., sole (a sea fish).

baron, m., baron.

barque, f., boat, barge.

barreau, *»., bar (law).

barrer, v., to bar.

bas, -se, adj., low, base; adv., in a low voice.

bataille, f., battle.

batelier, m., boatman.

bâtir, V., to build.

battre, v., to beat ; se — ^, to fight a duel.

Baucis, see Philémon.

Bayonne, pr. n., city in southern France.

beau, bel, -le, adj,, beautiful, fine ; avoir — faire qc, to do something in vain; tu as — dire, say what you will.

beaucoup, adv., much, many, very, greatly.

beau-père, m., father-in-law.

bénédiction, f., blessing.

besogne, f., work, business.

besoin, m., want, need, necessity ; avoir — de, to need.

bête, f., stupid, idiot.

bêtement, adv., stupidly, obstinately.

bêtise, f., stupidity, utter folly.

betterave, f., beet.

bien, adv,, well ; very ; very much, very many; c'est — , that's good ; il y est — , isn*t he there ?

ça te fera du —, that'll do you good.

bienfaisance, f., benefit, charity; bureau des — s, charitable association.

bientôt, adv., soon; à — ^ goodby for a little while.

bienvenu, -e, adj., welcome.

bilan, m., balance.

billet,, m., promissory note.

blague, f., bladder; disrespectful mockery at things which one inwardly does, or should, respect ; défoncer les — s, to prick the bubbles, to make an end of ail empty mockery.

blâmer, v., to blâme.

blan-c, -che, adj,, white. '

blesser, v,, to hurt.

bleu, -e, adj., blue.

bœuf, m., beef.

bohémien, -ne, adj,, Bohemian.

boire, v., to drink.

bois, m., wood, forest; Bois (de Boulogne), a charming park west of Paris, the most popular place for pleasure walks, rides, and drives of the French capital.

bon, -ne, adj., good (à, for) ; mon — f my dear fellow ; à quoi — ?

what is the use? le — temps, the good old times.

bondir, v., to jump up, to leap up.

bonheur, m., happiness.

bonhomie, f., good nature, • simplicity.

bonhomme, m., old fellow (not "good man," which is homme de bien); le — Poirier, old Poirier; son — de père, her good old father.

bonjour, adv., good morning, good day; bien le — ^ a very good day.

bonsoir, adv., good evening.

bonté, f,, kindness.

bord, m., shore ; class, set.

bouder, v., to be (remain) sulky with.

bouffée, f., whiff, breeze; la bonne — de printemps I what a glorious spring breeze !

bouger, v., to budge, to stir.

boule, f,, bail; être en — , to be rolled up like a hedgehog showing his bristles.

bouleverser, v., to upset, trouble, agitate.

Bourdonnais: rue des —, pr. n,.

Bourdonnais Street, the headquarters of wealthy merchants.

bourgeois, m., man of the middle class; cf. Introd., § 6, n. i.

bourgeois, -e, adj,, philistine.

bourse, f,, purse.

bout, m., end.

bouteille, f., bottle.

boutique, f., shop.

braiser, v., to stew.

bras, m., arm.

brave, adj., brave, honest, noble; étoile des — s (étoile de l'honneur), order of the Légion of Honor, founded in 1802, by Napoléon L, and still conferred by the président for eminent service to the State.

br-ef, -ève, adj,, brief; adv., in brief.

bribes, pi, scant remnants.

bride, f., bridle; laisser la — sur le cou à qq., to give one full rein.

brigadier, m., cavalry cdrporal.

brigand, m., brigand, robber.

brigandage, m., robbery.

briser, v., to break, to break off.

bruit, m., noise.

brûler, v., to burn ; se — la cervelle, to blow out one's brains.

brutal, -e, adj., brutal, coarse, rude.

buissonière, adj.: faire l'école — , to play truant, to fritter away one's time.

bureau, m., office.

c' = ce.

ça, fam. for cela; contemptuous

when used of a person (" that

thing").

çà, int, now ; ah — I well, now !

Indeed! I déclare! I say! Bef orc I f orget it . . .

cacher, v,, to conceal.

' cachet, m., seal.

cadeau, m,, présent.

cadet, -te, adj., younger ; le — de mes soucis, my least care.

café, m., café.

câliner, v,, to fondle, to cajole.

câlinerie, f., fondness/cajoling.

calme, adj,, calm.

calmer, v,, to calm.

calomnier, v,, to slander.

camarade, m., comrade, chum.

campagnard, m., rustic, countryman.

canapé, m., sofa.

canon, m., cannon; coup de — cannon shot.

capital, m., capital.

Capoue, pr. n., Capua, a city in Campania where Hannibal wintered his soldiers after the victory of Cannae (216 b.c.), and where his troops are said to hâve been made effeminate by the Ufe in idleness and luxury.

câpre, f., caper.

car, conj., for.

caractère, m., character.

camayal, m., carnival, the time between Epiphany (Jan. 6th) and Ash-Wednesday, devoted to frolic and boisterous merrymaking(Shrove Tuesday, Mardi gras).

carpe, f., carp.

carrière, f., career.

cas, m., case ; je n'en fais pas de — , I do not care about it.

casaque, f., military cloak.

cassandre, m., old fool, originally a character of the Italian comedy.

casser, v., to break.

catégorie, f., category (the différent classes whose members were eligible to peerage).

catillard, m., large winter pear for cooking.

ce, cet, cette, pr., this, that; cet homme-ci, this man, cet homme-lâ, that man; ce qui, what (subject) ; ce que, what (object).

ceci, pr., this.

cela, pr., that; c'est — ! that's it I that's right ! there we are !

célébrer, v., to celebrate.

celui, celle, pi. ceux, celles, pr., this one, that one, the one, thèse, those. (For the distinction between celui-ci and celuilà, cf. ce).

cent, card., a hundred; pour — , per cent.

cependant, adv., howev^r.

cercle, m., circle.

certain, -e, adj., certain.

certes, adv., certainly.

certitude, f., certainty.

cervelle, f., brain.

cessation, f., cessation.

cesser, v., to cease.

cet, -te, see ce.

ceux, see celui.

chacun, -e, pr., each.

chagrin, m., grief.

chaîne, f., chain.

chair, f., flesh ; — de poule, gooseflesh.

chaise, f., chair.

châle, m., shawl.

chambre, f., room ; femme de — , chambermaid.

champ, m., field.

champion, m., champion.

chance, f., chance ; avoir de la — , to be lucky.

changer, v,, to change ; — de nom, change names.

chanter, v., to sing.

chapeau, m., hat.

chapitre, m., chapter, meeting of monks (Latin capitnlum) ; voix au — f a vote, something to say in the matter.

chaque, adj., each.

charbonnier, m., charcoal-burner ; — est maître chez soi, a man's house is his castle.

charité, f., charity.

charmant, -e, adj., charming.

charme, f., charm.

chasMT, V., to chase away.

chassftr, m., hunter; (military) SG^utlng cavalry, mounted infantry.

château, m., castle.

châtelaine, f,, lady of a manor or castle.

chat -huant, m., owl.

chauffer, v., to heat

chaumière, f,, but, cottage.

chauvinisme, m., chauvinism, jingoism (named after Nicolas Chauvin of Rochefort, a vétéran of the army of Napoléon I.; name spread tbrough the popular vaudeville La Cocarde tricolore (1S31, by the Brothers Cogniard), and tbrough Cbarlet's drawings of French military life wbere Chauvin appears like "Tommy Atkins">.

chemin, m., way, path; en — , about to ; en bon — , well under way.

cheminée, f., fireplace.

chenet, m., andiron, firedog.

ch-er, -ère, adj., dear.

chercher, v., to seek, look for; aller (venir) — , to go (corne) for, to go (come) to get.

cheval, m., horse.

chevaleresque, adj., chivalrous.

cheveu, m., hair.

chez, prep., with, at the house of ;

je reste — moi, I remain at

home; je vais — moi, I am

going home, to my room.

chien, m., dog.

chiffon, m., rag. chiffre, m., figure.

chinois, m., Chinese.

choisir, v., to choose.

choix, m., choice.

chose, f., thing, matter; quelque

— , something.

ci, adv., that makes (comm.) ;

see also ce, celui, ciel, m., pi. cieux, heaven, sky.

ci-gît, hère lies (customary be-

ginning of epitaphs).

cinq, card., five.

cinquante, card., fifty.

clair, -e, adj., clear.

clerc, m., clerk, scholar; pas de

— , 4)lunder.

Clichy, pr. n., debtors' prison (in

the rue de Clichy).

code, m., code, cœur, m., heart, courage ; ça nous

gonfle diablement le — , that

makes us deucedly courageous ;

blesser au — , to hurt to the

quick ; tout à vous de — ^ most

cordially yours.

coffre-fort, m., safe.

Cogne, pr. n.; cf. cogner, v., to

knock in, to drive in.

coin, m., corner ; au — du feu, by

the fireside of one's home.

Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 1619-1683,

eminent French statesman,

minister of finances under

Louis XIV.

colère, f., anger.

collet, m., collar.

colonel, m., colonel.

combien, adv., how much.

comédie, f,, comedy.

coiiiète, f., cornet.

comme, conj., how, like, as.

commencer, v., to commence, to begin.

comment, conj., how.

commerce, m., commerce.

commercial, -e, adj., commercial.

commis-marchand, m,, clerk.

commission, f., commission.

commun, -e, adj., common ; mettre en -7-, to put together; du — , of the lowest class, low, vulgar.

compl-et, -ète, adj., complète ; au — , in full, in total.

compliment, m., compliment.

composer, v., to compose, compound; intérêt composé, compound interest.

comprendre, v., to comprehend, to understand.

compte, m., account.

compter, v., to count, to figure, to calculate, to count upon, to intènd.

comte, f»., count

comtesse, f., countess, wife of a count.

concession, f., concession.

concevoir, v., to conceive, to understand.

concilier, v., to conciliate, to unité.

concordât, m., agreement (between the pope and some temporal sovereign).

condamnation, f., condemnation ; passer — , to confess one's self in the wrong.

condamner, v., to condemn.

condescendance, f., condescension.

conduire, v., to conduct, to Içad.

confiancei f,, confidence, trust.

confidence, f., secret, disclosure.

confier, v., to confide ; se — à, to

place one's trust in.

confondre, v., to confound; to

confuse, conforme, adj,, conforming, be-

fitting.

confus, -e, adj., confused (de,

with).

congé, m., furlough; prendre — ,

to take leave.

connaissance, f., consciousness.

connaître, v., to know, to be (get)

acquainted with.

conquête, f., conquest.

consacrer, v., to consecrate.

conscience, f., conscience. 4^ conseil, m,, counsel, council; —

d'État, board of privy coun-

sellors.

conseiller, v., to advise.

consentement, m., consent, consentir, v., to consent.

conséquent, -e, adj., conséquent;

pai — , consequently.

considération, f., considération.

considérer, v., to consider.

consommation, f., consumption.

Constantinople, pr. n., Constan-

tinople.

Constitutionnel, m., title of a

newspaper, the chief organ of

the conservative party (in 1846

under the editorship of Thiers).

consulter, v., to consult • contenir, v., to contain, to accom-

modate.

content, -e,a(/y.^satisfied, pleased.

contentement, m,, satisfaction.

contenter: se — , v., to be satis-

fied (de, with).

conter, v., to tell, to relate, contester, v., to contest, to dcny.

continuer, v., to continue.

contrainte, f., compulsion.

ii6

contraire, adj., contrary; au — ,

on the contrary.

contrarier, v., to contradict, to oppose, contrat, m., marriage contract.

contre, prep., against.

contribution, f., tax. convenir, v., to agrée (de, to admit; à, to suit, to become).

conversation, f., conversation.

conviction, f., conviction.

copie, f., copy; à la — , at the

printer's.

coq, m., cock, rooster; être

comme un — en pâte, to live

in clover.

' coquetterie, /., coquetry.

coquin, m., rascal, scoundrel.

corbeille: — de noce, f., wedding

présents, cordon, w., cord, string.

corps, m., body, corps, company.

corriger, v., to reform.

Corvisart, Jean-Nicolas, — Des-

marets, 1755-1821, body-physi-

cian of Napoléon I. ' côté, m., side; à — (de), beside;

de l'autre — , on the other side.

cou, m., neck.

coucher: se — , v., to go to bed.

coulant, -e, adj., obliging.

couleur, f., color.

coup, m., blow, shot, stroke,

thrust ; tout à — , suddenly.

• coupable, adj., guilty.

coupé, m., coupé, four-wheeled

closed carriage with inside

seats for two persons.

couper, V.; to eut; — en quatre,

to eut in four pièces, couplet, m., couplet. .

coupon, m., coupon ; — de rentes,

govemment annuity bond.

cour, f., court, courtship; faire la

— à, to pay attentions to.

courage, m,, courage.

courant, m., current; mettre au

— , to inform.

courir, v., to run, to hasten ; faire

— , to keep race horses.

couronne, f., crown.

cousin, m., cousin.

couteau, m,, knife; à —x tirés..

with daggers drawn, in mortal

enmity.

coûter, V., îo cost ; — cher, to

cost dearly.

couvert, w., cover.

couvrir, v,, to cover.

craindre, v,, to fear.

créance, f., debt, money owing.

créancier, m., creditor.

créer, v., to create.

crever, v., to burst.

crier, v., to cry, to call out.

crime, m., crime; le grand — !

how shocking!

crocodile, m., crocodile, croire, v., to believe.

croisade, f., crusade.

croiser: se — avec, v., to pass on

the way. croix, f., cross.

croustade, f,, crusted tart cruel, -le, adj., cruel ; il m'en fait

voir de — ^les, he makes me

see horrible things, he worries

the life out of me.

cuisinier, m., cook, chef, culinary

artîst.

cuisinière, f., cook.

cultiver, v., to cultivate.

cynisme, w.; cjmicism.

d' = de.

daigner, v., to deign, to condescend.

dame, f., lady.

dame! int (Latin domina, Our Lady; cf. Ènglish marry! from Mary), exclamation with a variety of meanings, ranging from Why! to Confound it!

Dandin: George — , pr. n., see Introd., § 6, note 2.

danger, m., danger.

dans, prep., in, within.

danser, v., to dance.

davantage, adv,, more.

de, prep., of, from; some, any; with infinitive, to.

dêbarasser, v., to frce, to rid.

débauche, f., revelry.

débauché, m,, débauchée, rake.

débiteur, m., debtor.

déboursé, m., disbursement.

debout, adj}., standing; se tenir — , to keep standing, to stand erect.

décatir, z/., to sponge (woolen cloth).

déchirer, v,, to tear up.

décider, v., to décidé ; décidément, adv., decidedly.

déclarer, v,, to déclare.

décocher, v., to discharge, to let

fly.

décompter, v., to reckon pif ; j'ai

compté sans cela, il me faut

— , I hâve figured without

that, now I must révisé my

figures.

décor, m., décoration, scenery.

découverte, f., discovery.

découvrir, v., to discover.

décrasser, v., to cleanse (said of

woolen articles).

dédain, m., disdain, scorn.

dédommager, v., to indemnify.

défaut, m., fault, default ; à — de,

în default of .

défendre, v., to défend, to forbid.

défoncer, v., to prick.

défrayer, v,, to defray.

dégager, v., to redeem.

dégoûter, v., to disgust.

déguiser, v., to disguise (en, as).

dehors, adv., outside ; get out !

déjà, adv., already.

déjeuner, m., breakfast; v., to breakfast.

délicat, -e, adj., délicate.

délicatesse, f., delicacy; il te prend sur le tard des — s exquises, you are acquiring an exquisite feeling for delicacy in your old days.

délice, m'., delight.

délicieu-x, -se, adj., splendid.

délustrer, v., to take off the luster of.

demain, adv., to-morrow.

demander, v., to ask, to question, to beg, to request, to demand (qc. à qq., somebody for something) ; faire — , to send for.

demeurer, v., to dwell, to stay.

demi, -e, adj., half; à — voix, half-Ioud.

démission, f., résignation ; donner sa — , to tender one's résignation.

denier, m., small coin, penny; au — deux, one penny for two, at fifty per cent (obsolète).

Denis: Monsieur et Madame — , title of a popular song.

dépêcher, v., to dispatch; se — , to make haste.

dépenser, v., to spend.

déplaire, v., to displease.

déplorer, v., to déplore.

depuis, adv., prep., since.

député, m., deputy.

demi-er, -ère, adj., last, previous ; du — bourgeois, utterlv Qhilistine ; le — des — s, * , west of the low.

ii8

dérouler, v,, to unroll, to undo.

derrière, prep., behind.

des, contraction of de les.

désaccord, m., discord.

désagrément, m., disagreeableness.

désavouer, v., to disavow, to disown.

descendre, v., to descend.

déserter, v., to désert.

désespoir, m., despair.

déshériter, v., to disinherit.

déshonorer, v., to dishonor.

désir, m., désire, wish.

désirer, v., to désire.

désœuvrement, m., idleness.

despotisme, m,, despotism.

dessert, m., dessert

destinée, f., destiny, fate.

détachement, m., des petits intérêts, indifférence to petty interests.

détester, v,, to detest.

détromper, v., to disillusion.

dette, f., debt.

deux, card., two ; tous les — , both.

deuxième, ord., second.

devant, prep., before; adv,, beforehand.

devenir, v., to become.

deviner, v., to predict, to guess.

dévoiler, v., to disclose, to unravel.

devoir, m., duty ; se mettre en — , to feel under moral obligation.

devoir, v., to owe, to be indebted for, to hâve to, to be obliged ; je le dois, I mùst; il ne doit pas avoir de pareilles bontés pour eux, he is certainly not s6 kînd to them ; tu dois comprendre cela, you surely understand that ; tu dois avoir lu ça, you hâve read that, I am sure ; tu as dû les connaître, you must

certainly hâve known them; elle doit chanter après dîner, she will of course sing after dinner; il n'a pas dû me condamner, he cannot hâve condemned me; cela devait arriver, that was sure to corne.

dévorer, v., to devour.

dévouement, m., dévotion.

diable, m., devil ; int. — : que — !

the deuce ! by Jove ! voilà le — , there's the deuce of it.

diablement, adv., deucedly.

diantre, int., the deuce.

Dieu, m., God.

diff énonce, f,, différence.

difficile, adj., difficult, hard to please, particular.

difficulté, f., difficulty.

digestion, f., digestion; avoir la — gaie, to be in good humor after dinner.

digne, adj., worthy.

dinde, f., turkey (aux marrons, stuffed with chestnuts).

dîner, m., dinner.

dîner, v., to dine.

diplomatique, adj., diplomatie

dire, v., to say; on dirait, one might think ; comme qui dirait, just about ; qu'est - ce à — ?

what does that mean? il n'y a pas à — , there is no doubt; il va sans — , of course.

direct, -e, adj., direct.

diriger, v., to direct.

discipline, f., discipline.

discrétion, f., discrétion; je me mets à votre — , I submit entîrely to your will.

discussion, f., discussion.

discuter, v., to discuss.

disposer, v., to dispose.

disposition, f., disposition, temper.

distinction, f,, distinction.

distraction, f., distraction, diversion.

^x, card,, ten.

diz-huit, card., eightçen.

dizaine, f., about ten.

doigt, m., finger.

domestique, m,, servant

domestique, adj., domestic.

donc, adv., then, just, pray; je suis heureux! ... et moi — ! I am happy ! . . . and I am still more so!

donner, v,, to give, to let hâve ; — .

sur, to look into, to overlook.

dont, rel, whose, of whom, of which.

dorloter, v., to fondle.

dos, m,, back ; faire le gros — , to round (set up) one's back (like a cat).

dot, A, dowry.

doubler, v., to double.

douceur, f., sweetness, delight

douleur, /., grief, pain.

doute, f., doubt.

douter, v., to doubt ; se — de, to imagine.

dou-x, -ce, adj., sweet, gentle.

douze, card., twelve.

drap, w., cloth, sheet; te voilà dans de beaux — s! there you are in a nice position (" fix ") !

drapeau, m., flag.

droit, w., right.

droit, -e, adj., right.

drôle, m., rogue, rascal, scamp.

drôle, adj., funny.

du, contraction of de le.

duc, m., duke.

Ducaillou, pr. n., " Flint."

duel, f«./duel.

dur, -e, adj., hard» burdensome.

durer, v., to last.

eau, f., water.

ébaubi, -e, adj., dazed, dazzled

(de, by) (fam.).

éblouir, v„ to dazzle.

échapper, v., to escape (à, from).

éclabousser, v., to défile, to sully,

to taint.

éclairer, v., to enlighten.

éclat, m,, outburst.

éclater, v., to burst out (de rire,

laughing). éclipser, v,, to éclipse, école, f., school.

économie, f., economy, saving;

faire des — s, to economize.

écorcher, v., to flay, to skin.

écouter, v., to listen to ; — monsieur! listen to you! s' — , to

consult one's own inspirations, écrire, v., to write.

écriteau, m., placard " To let." écriture, f., handwriting.

écu, m., coin stamped with a

shield, usually a coin of three#

francs, dollar, écurie, f., stable.

éducation, f., éducation, effet, m., effect ; en — , indeed.

égal, -e, adj,, equal ; cela m'est — ,

that's ail the same to me.

égarement, m., mistake, error.

égarer, v,, to mislead; s' — , to

go astray.

égoïsme, m., selfishness.

égoïste, m., egoîst, selfish person.

égratigner, v., to scratch.

égratignure, f., scratch, slight eh bien! int., well! [wound.

élégance, f., élégance, élégant, -e, adj., élégant, élévation, f., élévation, elle, pr., she, her, it; — s, they.

them; — même, herself, îtself.

embarras, m., embarrassment, trouble, disturbance.

embrasser, v., to embrace, to kiss.

emmener, v., to take away.

empailler, v., to stuff.

emparer: s'— de, v., to seize, to take hold of.

empêcher, v., to prevent.

emplacement, m., site.

emploi, m., use, true use, employment.

emporter, v., to take away, to carry ; 1' — , to gain a victory.

empresser: s' — , v., to hasten.

emprunter, v., to borrow.

emprunteur, m., borrower.

en, prep., in; — Afrique, in, to Africa ; substitute for the genitive of the Personal pronoun, of him, of her, of it, of them.

encore, adv., again, still, yet ; pas -^, not yet, not even; — une lettre? another letter?

encourager, v., to encourage.

endroit, m., place.

enfance, f., childhood.

enfant, w., /., child, boy, girl.

enfer, m., hell.

enfermer, v., to enclose.

enfin, adv., at last, in short.

engagement, m., engagement, obligation.

engager, v,, to engage, to pledge ; s' — , to agrée, to enlist.

enjoindre, v., to enjoin (à, upon).

enlever, v., to take away, to lift, to rai se.

ennemi, m., enemy.

ennui, t»., weariness, annoyance.

ennuyer, v., to annoy, to weary; il m'ennuie, " he makes me tired"; s' — , to feel tired, bored, to hâve a tedious time of it.

énorme, adj., enormous.

enraciner, v., to root

enrager, v,, to get mad.

ensemble, adv,, together.

ensuite, adv., afterwards.

entendre, v,, to hear, to understand, to expect.

enterrement, m., funeral.

entêtement, m., stubbomness.

enthousiasme, m., enthusiasm.

enti-er, -ère, adj., entire ; tout — , entirely.

entraîner, v., to carry away.

entre, prep,, between.

.entrée, f., entry; — s, usual terni for first course after the soup.

entrer, v., to enter.

entretien, m., entertainment, conversation, discourse.

envers, m,, wrong *side ; se mettre la cervelle à V — , to rack one's brains.

envers, prep., towards.

envie, f., envy, désire; porter — à, to envy.

environ, adv,, approximately.

envoyer, v., to send.

êpanchement, m., effusion.

épaule, f., shoulder ; lever les — s, to shrug one's shoulders. .

épée, f., sword ; coup d' — , swordstroke; tirer bien V — , to be a good sword sman ; se passer son — au travers du corps, to run one's sword through his body.

éperdu, -e, adj., passionate, desperate.

épiderme, m., skin ; avoir 1' — délicat, to be sensitive.

épinard, m., spinach.

épingle, f., pin; coup d' — , pinprick.

épouser, v., to marry.

éprouver, v., to try.

épuiser, v., to exhaust.

erreur, f., error, mistake.

escalier, m., stairway; — de service, servants' stairway.

escient, m.; knowledge ; à bon — , wittingly.

esclave, m., slave.

espalier, m., trellis.

espèce, f., species, kind, specie; pi cash.

espérance, f,, hope.

espérer, v,, to hope.

esprit, m., spirit, wit; faire de r — , to play the wit; avoir de V — , to be witty;"bel — , culture, refinement

essayer, v., to try.

essentiel, -le, adj., essential.

estime, f,, respect; — propre, self-respect.

et, conj., and.

établir, v., to establish.

étage, m., story.

état, m,, State, condition; en — , in (good) conditîb«,.^able; État, State as a political uSft ; homme d' — , statesman.

été, m., summer. ^^^

étemel, -le, adj., eternal, everlasting.

éternité, f., eternity.

étoffer, V., to stuff.

étoile, f., star; — des braves, ^^^ brave.

étonner, v., to astonish; s' — de, to be surprised at.

étourderie, f., heçdless act.

étourdi-, -e, adj., inconsiderate, thoughtless, reckless.

étoumeaii, m., starling, lightminded, inconsiderate youth.

étrange, adj., strange.

étrang-er, m., -ère, f., stranger.

être, m., créature.

être, V., to be; with past participle, to hâve; soit, be it so, conceded ; il est de la famille.

he belongs to the family; je suis à eux, I am at their disposai; à qui est l'hôtel? whose is the house? êtes-vous d'enterrement? hâve y ou just returned f rom a f uneral ? il a été se plaindre ailleurs, he ha s gone elsewhere to complain (fam.) ; regarde où j'en suis, see what I hâve corne to; il est une expiation, there is an expiation.

étroit, -e, adj., narrow, intima te.

étudier, v., to study.

eux, pr., they, them.

évêque, m., bishop.

évident, -e, adj., évident.

exaspérer, v., to exasperate.

exaucer, v., to harken to, to grant.

excellent, -e, adj., excellent.

excursion, f., excursion.

excuse, f., excuse, apology; faire ^r — des — s, to apologize.

\xcuser, v., to excuse.

^écuter, v., to carry out, to exécute; s' — , to put up with the inévitable.

exécution, f., exécution.

exemple, m., example, model ; par — , for instance; par — ! upon my honor ! indeed !

exiger, v., to demand, to exact.

existence, f., existence.

expérience, f., expérience.

eicpiation, f., expiation, atonement.

explication, f., explanation.

eicpliquer, v., to explain.

eicprimer, v., to express.

expulser, v., to expel.

exquis, -e, adj., exquisite.

exterminer, v., to exterminate.

extrême, m. and adj., extrême.

face, f., face.

fâché, -e, adj., sorry, angry.

fâcher: se — , v., to get angry (de, at, with).

facile, adj., easy.

fason, f., fashion.

faible, adj., feeble, weak (pour, towards).

faiblesse, f., weakness.

faillir, v., to be wanting; il s'en faut d'une bagatelle, it lacks a mère tri fie.

faim, f., hunger.

fainéant, m., good-for-nothing.

faire, v., to do, to make, to cause ; qu'est-ce que cela vous fait?

what does it matter to you?

comme te voilà fait! what a get-up! je me suis fait soldat, I bave become a soldier; je vous ferai — un tableau, I shall hâve a picture made for you ; il fait beau, it is nice ; it is fine,%eather.

faisan, fii.^.pheasant.

fait, m., fact ; au — , indeed ; tout à — , entirely; si fait, yes, indeed.

falloir, V., to be necessary ; il me faut toute son affection, I need his whole affection.

familiarité, f., familiarity.

famili-er, -ère, adj., familiar.

famille, f., family.

fantaisie, f., fancy.

faquin, m., scoundrel, prig.

farceur, m., clown.

farcir, v., to stuff.

farouche, adj., wild.

fatiguer, v., to fatigue, to weary.

faubourg, m., faubourg.

faute, /., fault.

fauteuil, m., armchair.

fau-z, -sse, adj,, false.

feindre, v., to feign.

femme, f., woman ; wife.

fenêtre, /., window.

féodalité, /., feudalism.

ferré, -e, adj., well posted.

fesse-mathieu, m,, usurer {from

fesser, to spank).

fête, /., holiday, f east ; faire — à,

to entertain royally.

feu, m., fire; j'en mettrais la

main au — , I should stake my

life on it.

feuillage, m., foliage.

février, m., February.

fi! int, fie! shame!

fiacre, m., cab ; place de — s, cab-

stand.

fichtre! int, the deuce!

fidèle, adj., faithful.

fidélité, f., faithfulness, con-

stancy.

fi-er, -ère, adj,, proud.

fièvre, f., fever.

fiévreu-x, -se, adj.,. feverish.

fifille, f., little girl.

figurer, v., to figure, to calculate.

filet, m., fillet.

fille, f., daughter, girl.

filleule, f., god-daughter.

fils, m., son.

fin, -e, adj., fine, smart.

final, -e, adj., final, fini, -e, adj., finished, perfect,

with body and soûl, finir, v., to end, to finish ; il finira

par écrire, he will finally write ;

on finirait par le croire, one

might eventually believe it.

fiole, f,, phial, bottle.

flairer, v,, to smell.

flanelle, f., flannel.

flaque, f., small pool, flatter, v., to flatter. Ifaith.

foi, f,, faîth; ma -^, upon my

foie, m., liver.

fois, f., time ; une bonne — , once

for ail; à la — , at the same

time.

folie, f., folly.

fond, m., ground, background ; â

— , thoroughly.

fonds, m., funds.

Fontenoy, pr. n., a village in Bel-

gium, near Tournay, a few

miles from the French frontier,

formerly belonging to Austria ;

victory of the French, 1745,

over the Austrians and Dutch.

force, adv., a great deal, a great

many.

forcer, v., to force.

forfanterie, f., bragging.

forge, f.j forge ; pL iron works.

forme, f., form.

fors (obsolète for hors), prep.,

except.

fort, -e, adj., strong; adv., much,

very; c'est trop — , that is too

much.

fortune, f., fortune.

fou, m., fool.

fou, fol, -le, adj., foolish, crazy,

beside one*s self.

fourcher, v., to fork; la langue

m'a fourché, I hâve made a slip

of the tongue.

fournir, v., to furnish.

fournisseur, m., purveyor, supplier, fourrer, v., to cram, to thrust, to

poke; être fourré chez, "to

hang around." frais, pL, expenses; à peu de — ,

cheap, cheaply.

franc, m., franc (about 20 cents).

fran-c, -che, adj., frank, open,

sincère. France, f., France.

franchise, f., frankness.

François, pr. n., Francis, frapper, v,, to strike, to slap.

fredonner, v., to hum.

fricandeau, m., larded veal.

frivole, adj., frivolous.

froid, m., cold.

froid, -e, adj., cold.

froisser, v., to braise, to hurt, to

rumple.

fromage, m., cheese.

front, m., brow, forehead.

frotter: se — à, z/., to rub against,

to get into contact with.

fruit, m., fruit.

fumée, f., smoke.

funeste, adj., fatal, furieu-z, -se, adj., furiou s, terrible.

futile, adj., foolish, shallow-

brained.

gagner, v., to gain, to win (qc. à

qq., something from sMne one).

gai, -e, adj., gay. A gaieté, f., gayety, cheemriness ; —

de cœur, sheer wantonness.

galant, -e, adj., noble, honorable,

gracions, graceful.

galon, m., stripe, chevron.

ganache, f., lower jaw of a horse,

blockhead.

gant, m., glove; aller comme un

— f to fit like a glove.

garantie, f., security.

garçon, m., boy, youngster, bach-

elor.

garde, f., care.

garder, v., to guard, to keep ; Dieu

m'en garde! Goodness no!

garnement, m., worthless fellow ;

ton — de mari, that good-for-

nothing husband of yours.

garnir, v., to ornament, to fill.

gâter, V , to spoil.

gauche, adj., left, awkward, shy.

gendre, m., son-in-law.

gêner, v., to embarras s, to mo-

lest; gênant, in the way.

génêreu-z, -se, adj., generous.

générosité, f., generosity.

genou, nu, knee.

gens, pî,, people.

gentil, -le, adj., nice, amiable, gentilhomme, m., nobleman.

gentilhommerie, f., nobility ; ^ il

mourra dans la — finale, he

will live and die the same ri-

diculous nobleman.

gentiment, adv,, gracefully, nice-

ly.

géronte, m., weak old man, old weakling; type in the French comedy of the seventeenth century.

gésir, V., to lie {cf, ci-gît).

girouette, f., weathercock, vane; il faut graisser la — avant de souffler dessus, you must grease the weathercock before blowing upon it (to bring it into the desired position).

Gobseck, pr. n., usurer (title, and name of the chief character, of one of Balzac's novels, Scènes de la vie privée); trsL: Shylock.

Godard, pr. n.

godelureau, m., coxcomb, fop.

gonfler, v., to swell.

gouailler, v., to ridicule.

goût, m., taste.

gouvernail, m., rudder, helm.

gouvernement, m., government.

gouverner, v., to govern, to manage.

grâce, f., grâce, gracefulness, élégance; de — I for goodness' sake ! — à, thanks to ; mauvaise

— , unfriendliness, ingratitude;

fais-nous — de, let us alone

with; gracieu-x, -se, adj., graceful.

graisser, v,, to grease.

grand, -e, adj., great, grand, grand-père, m., grandfather.

gras, -se, adj., fat; soupe — se,

méat soup, bouillon, gratification, f., reward.

grave, adj., grave, serions.

gravure, f., engraving.

grelot, m., bell ; attacher le — , to

bell the cat.

grimaud, m., poor scholar, urchin,

brat, " freshie." grippe-soup m., pinch-penny.

gros, -se, adj., big, round, bad.

Groschenet, pr. n., "Big-andi-

ron," a plebeian name.

Gros-Jean, m., commoner.

guère: ne... — , adv., not much,

hardly.

guérir, V., to cure, guerre, f., war.

gueux, m., beggar; mon — de

gendre, that wretched son-inlaw of mine, guise, f., wise, fashion.

habileté, f., skill.

habiller, v., to dress.

habit, m., garment, coat.

habitude, f., habit.

habituel, -le, adj., habituai, ordi-

nary.

haïr, V., to hâte.

hasard, m., hazard, chance; par

— , perhaps.

haut, -e, adj., high; adv., aloud hauteur, f., height, loftîness.

hé! int.,ah\

héberger, v,, to lodge, to entertain.

hein? int, hey? what?

Heine, Henri (Heinrich), pr, n., German lyric poet and journalist, 1799- 1856, lived in Paris from 1830- 1856.

hélas! int, alasl

herbe, f., hérb, grass ; couper V — sons le pied à, to eut out.

hérisson, m., hedgehog.

héritage, m,, inheritance.

héros, m., ïieto,

hésiter, v., to hesitate.

heure, f., hour; à quelle — , at what time; à neuf — s, at nine o'clock; tout à V — , presently, just now; il y a une — , an bout ago ; à la bonne — 1 good !

that's what I like! I am glad of it!

heureu-x, -se, adj\ happy, lucky.

heurter: se — à, v., to clash with, to strike against.

hier, adv., yesterday ; — soir, last night.

histoire, f., history, story.

hochet, m., toy.

homme, m., man.

honnête, adj., righteous, honest

honneur, m., honor.

honorable, adj., honorable.

honoraire, adj,, honorary.

honorer, v., to honor.

honte, /., shame.

honteu-z, -se, adj., ashamed.

horde, /., horde, légion.

horixon, m., horizon.

hospitalité, f,, hospitality.

hostmté, f., hostility.

hôtel, m,, hôtel, large résidence, mansion.

huit, card., eight; — jours, a week.

humain, -e, adj., human.

humeur, f., humor, temper, tum

of mind, disposition, humiliation, f., humiliation, humilier, v,, to humiliate.

ici, adv., hère.

idée, f., idea, thought.

ignorer, v., to ignore, not to

know ; ne pas — , to know well.

il, pr., he, it.

illusion, f., illusion.

illustre, adj., illustrious.

ils, pr., they.

imaginer: s' — , v., to imagine, imbécile, m., idiot, imiter, v., to imitate.

immédiat, -e, adj., immédiate.

immobile, adj., motionless.

impatient, -e, adj., impatient,

anxious.

imperceptible, adj., imperceptible.

impertinent, -e, adj., impertinent,

insolent.

importer, v., to concern, to mat-

ter; que vous importe? what

does it matter to you?

imposer, v., to impose (à, upon).

impossible, adj., impossible, impression, f., impression.

improviser, v., to improvise.

imprimeur, m., printer.

imprudence, f., imprudence.

impudence, f., impudence, impunément, adv., with impunity.

inattendu, -e, adj., unexpected.

incapable, adj., incapable.

incliner: s' — , v., to bow down.

inconnu, -e, adj., unknown.

indélicat, -e, adj., indélicate.

indifférent, -e, adj., indiffèrent.

indigne, adj., unworthy.

indignité, f., indignity, infamy.

indiquer, v.^ to indicate.

indiscr-et, -ète, adj., indiscreet.

indiscrétion, f., indiscrétion.

industrie, f,, industry.

industriel, w., manufacturer.

infâme, adj., infamous.

infamie, f., infamy, baseness.

infortuné, -e, adj., unfortunate.

ingénieu-x, -se, adj., ingenious.

ingrat, -e, adj., ungrateful.

initier, v., to initiate.

injuste, adj., unjust.

innocent, -e, adj., innocent.

inquiétant, adj., disquieting, alarming.

inquiéter: s' — , v., to be alarmed, to worry (de, about).

insensible, adj., imperceptible.

insister, v., to insist (à, upon).

insouciance, f., carelessness.

insulte, f., insuit.

installation, j., installation.

installer, v., to install ; s* — , to install one's self.

instant, m., instant, moment.

Institut, m., the Institute, the foremost learned society of France, comprising five académies, among them the Académie française.

instituteur, m., teacher, tutor.

intact, -e, adj., intact, unsullied.

intégral, -e, adj., intégral.

intendant, m., manager, steward.

intercepter, v., to intercept.

interdire, v., to interdict ; faire — à, to put under guardianship.

interdit, -e, adj., embarrassed.

intéressant, -e, adj., interesting.

intéresser, v., to interest, to enlist the sympathy of.

intérêt, m., interest ; porter — à, to take an interest in.

interroger, v., to question.

intrigue, f., intrigue, love affair.

inutile, adj., useless.

inviolable, adj., inviolable.

invitation, /., invitation.

inviter, v., to invite.

irréparable, adj., irréparable.

irrésolution, i., irrésolution.

irrévocable, adj., irrévocable.

irriter, v., to provoke, to make angry.

Isly, pr. n., a little river in Morocco, at the boundary of Algiers; famous for the victory of the French under Marshal Bugeaud over the Moroccans, August I4th, 1844. *

italien, -ne, adj., Italian.

Italiens: les — , pi, the Italian Opéra, place Ventadour, formerly largely patronized by the aristocracy (now used as a bank).

Ivry, pr. n., a village about forty miles west of Paris ; victory of Henry IV. (the first Bourbon king) over the party of the Guise, 1590.

j' = je.

jalou-x, -se, adj., jealous.

jamais, adv., ever ; à — , for ever ; à tout — , for good and ail; ne . . . — y never.

jambe, f., leg; jouer sous — , to trip up.

jambon, m., ham.

jardin, m., garden; une pierre dans mon — ; il finira par le paver, " that's a blow aimed at me; he'U pound me into a mummy (into a cocked hat) yet."

je, pr., I.

Jean, pr. n., John,

jeter, v., to throw, to throw down; — par la fenêtre, to throw out of the window.

jeu, m., game; en — , at stake; jouer un — d'enfer, to gamble with desperately high stakes.

jeune, adj\, young.

jeunesse, f., youth, young people ; princes de la — , young leaders of the fashionable world.

joie, f,, joy.

joindre, v., to join, to add.

joli, -e, adj., pretty.

jouer, V., to play, to make a fool of.

jour, w., day.

journal, m., newspaper, paper.

journée, f., day.

juge, m., judge; je t'en fais — , judge for yourself.

juger, z/., to judge.

jumeau, m,, twin ; les — x siamois, the Siamese twins who were grown togethér on one side (died 1874 in America).

jurer, v., to swear; je vous jure, I assure you; j'en jurerais, I would take my oath upon it.

jusqu'à, prep., as far as, until ; il n'y a pas — la discipline qui n'ait, even discipline has; jusqu'où, how far, to what point ; j'ai tout perdu jusqu'au droit de, I hâve lost everything, even the rîght to.

juste, adj,, just.

justement, adv., just, precisely.

justice, f., justice.

l' = lc,lft.

la, art, see le; pr., her, ît.

là, adv., there.

là-bas, adv., down there (désig-

nâtes any conceivable place; often used in speaking of a place the name of which the speaker does not at that moment recall).

laboureur, m., husbandman, farmer.

lâche, m., coward; adj., cowardly.

lâcher, v., to let go; je lui ferai — prise, I shall make him gîve up his prey.

lacté, -e, adj., milky; voie — galaxy, milky way.

là-dessus, adv., on that, about that, over that.

La Hogue, pr. n., town on the northern coast of France; naval battle, 1692, of the French under Tourville against the English and Dutch. The French lost the battle, but fought with the utmost bravery, and not one ship surrendered.

laine, f., wool.

laisser, v., to let, to leave; se — voler, to let one's self be robbed.

langue, f., tongue, language.

lansquenet, m., a card game of pure chance, originating in Germany (Landsknecht).

lapin, m., rabbit.

laquelle, see lequel.

larme, f., tear.

La Rochelle, pr. n., a Huguenot stronghold, on the west coast of France, about 300 miles S.W. of Paris, captured by Richelieu, 1628, after a most obstînate défense.

las, -se, adf., tired.

latéral, -e, adi., latéral, side-.

le, m., la, f., art., the.

le, pr,, him, it ; je — suis encore,

I am so still.

légal, -e, adj,, légal.

lêg-er, -ère, adj., light.

légèreté, /., levity, fickleness. légitime, adj., légitimât e.

légitimiste, m., legitimist; see

Introd., § 7.

légume, f., vegetable.

lendemain, m., day after (de).

lent, -e, adj., slow.

lequel, m,, laquelle, f. (/>/. lesquels, lesquelles), rel. pr.,

V^hich.

les, pi. of def. art., see le.

les, ^r.^them.

leur, pr., to them.

leur, possessive adj., their.

lever, v., to lift, to rai se; se — ,

to rise, to get up.

lézard, m., lizard.

libéral, -e, adj., libéral, liberal-

minded.

liberté, /., liberty.

libre, adj., free.

lien, m., bond, lier, V., to bind.

lieu, m., place ; au — de, instead

of.

lire, V., to read.

liste, f., list.

lit, m., bed.

litanie, f., litany (in Catholic

worship), any long-winded and

tiresome enumeration.

lithuanien, -ne, adj., Lithuaniao.