scène), to corne forward, come to- diminuer to decrease, lessen
ward the footlights. dîner m. dinner.
dîner to dine, hâve dinner.
diplomatique diplomatie, of {or pertaining to) diplomacy ; Revue — , Foreign Bulletin {Parisian weekly) .
dire to say, tell, speak, express, mean ; vouloir — , to mean ; c'est à — (<jue), that is to say ; that is; the fact is ; that means ; I tell you ; il n'y a pas à — , there's no use talking ; c'est tout — , that tells you enough, that tells the whole story ; comment dirai-je ?
what shall I say ? how shall I express it ? je vous le disais bien ! I told you so ! quand je te disais !
what did I tell you ! didn't I tell you so ? dis donc, say, I say, eh !
directeur m. principal, director.
direction f. management, principalship, position as principal.
discuter to discuss.
disparaître to disappear.
dispensateur m, distributer, dispenser.
disposer to arrange, put in order ; se — , to prépare.
disposition f. disposai ; à votre — , at your service.
dissimuler to disguise.
distingué distinguished.
distinguer to distinguish, see clearly.
distraction / diversion.
divers diverse, divers.
dix ten.
dix-huit eighteen.
doigt m, finger.
domestique m. and f. servant.
dominer to dominate, rule.
donc then, therefore, and so, but, why, do, please, pray, of course, anyhow, tell me ; to be translatée as the context requires ; où — ?
but where ? venez — , come on ; allez — , go on ; dis — , say, I say, eh; allons — , oh, come; nonsense ; comment — ? nonsense !
what a question ! how can you ask ? comprenez — , do understand ; tu as — oublié, you haven't forgotten, hâve you ? huit renseignements, — , eight descriptions {or pièces of information), of course.
donner to give ; — sur, to look out upon, open on ; se — , to abandon oneself, give oneself up, yield.
dont of which, of whom, whose.
dormir to sleep.
dortoir m. dormitory.
dos m. back.
double double, twofold.
doublé de lined with, plated with ; fig. with the heart of.
doucement softly, gently ; a little.
douceur / gentleness, mildness, benevolence, softness.
douleur / grief, pain, sorrow.
douloureusement sorrowfully.
douloureu-x, -se, painful, sorrowful.
doute m. doubt ; sans — , without doubt ; of course ; I suppose.
douter to doubt ; se — de, to suspect ; je m'en doute, I think 1 know ; I hâve my suspicions.
dou-x, -ce sweet, gentle, soft.
douzaine f. dozen.
douze twelve.
droit m. right ; de — , rightfully, by
rights ; un — de plus, an addi-
tional right.
droit right, straight, erect.
droit adv. straight, right.
droite f. right, right hand (or side) ;
porte de — , door at (or on) the
right.
drôle funny, queer ; subst. rogue,
little rogue.
duc m. duke.
duchesse / duchess.
Dumas : Alexandre Dumas, son of
the novelist ; well-known dra-
matic author (1824-1895).
dur hard, difficult.
durer to endure, last ; ça durera ce
que ça pourra, come what may ;
whatever happens ; no matter
how long (or how short) it may
be.
eau f. water ; — sucrée, sweetened water ; jet d' — , fountain ; pièce d' — , pond, fish pond.
éblouir to dazzle.
ébouriffer to disorder (the hair by running the fingers through it); to rumple, tousle.
échanger to exchange.
échappement m. escapement ; à — , with an escapement.
échapper to escape ; s' — , to escape, run away.
échéant falling due, happening (fortuitously) ; le cas — , if that happens ; if anything happens (to Revel).
éclair m. light, flash.
éclairer to illuminate, light ; to explain, enlighten.
éclat m. burst, explosion, celebrity; sans — , inconspicuously.
éclater to burst, burst out, explode ; — de rire, to burst out laughing (or in a laugh).
école f. school ; Jeune École (fictitious title), Collegiate Institute.
Ecole Normale : Ecole Normale Supérieure, higher training-school for prospective teachers of lycées, Paris.
écouter to listen, listen to ; écoutemoi ça, just listen to that.
écrier (s') to cry out.
écrire to write ; s' — , to correspond.
écriture f. writing ; — renversée mirror-writing, writing backward (or backward writing) ; writing resembling the reflection of ordinary writing in a mirror.
écrivain m. writer, author.
éditeur m. editor, publisher.
effaré frightened, confused.
effaroucher (s') to be (orbecome) startled (or frightened) ; to take umbrage (de, at).
effet m. effect, resuit ; en — , indeed ; it is true ; je manque mon — , I fail to make a hit ; I fail to score.
effort m. exertion, endeavor.
effrayer to frighten.
effroi m. fright.
effronterie f. boldness, impudence.
effusion /. effusion, gush ; avec — , effusively, gushingly.
égal equal, even ; c'est — , it's ail
the same, it's ail one, it doesn't matter, it makes no différence, I don't care.
également equally, likewise.
égaler to equal.
égard m. considération, respect ; à 1' — de, concerning, in regard to, with respect to, about.
égarement m. madness.
église / church.
eh eh, oh.
eh bien well ; — , alors, well, what then? well then.
électeur m. elector.
élève m. andf. pupil.
élever to bring up, raise, lift, train.
elle she, her, it ; pour — s, for them, for themselves.
éloge m. eulogy, praise ; pas de plus bel — , no greater praise.
éloigner (s') to go off, move away.
Elvire: Elvire {or Julie), a woman of great beauty, whom Lamartine (French writer, political leader, orator, and poet, 1 790-1869) met in his rambles round the beautiful Lac de Bourget, near Aix-les- Bains in Savoy.
emballé unrestrained, unreserved.
embarras m. embarrassment.
embarrasser to embarrass.
embrasser to kiss ; rien qu'à 1' — , merely from kissing her ; qui est-ce qui s'embrasse ici comme ça? who kisses like that hère, anyhow?
emmener to take away, lead off.
émotion f. émotion, feeling.
émouvoir to move, excite.
émoustiller to stir up.
empêchement m. hindrance, obstacle.
empêcher to hinder ; s' — de, to refrain from ; to help.
employer to use, make use of, employ.
emportement m. passion, rage.
emporter to take away, carry off ; s' — , to get angry.
empressement m. ardor, solicitude, concern, eagerness; avec — , eagerly, solicitously.
empresser (s') to be eager ; to hasten, hasten to say ; to be very attentive (to one's wants or pleasures).
ému pp. of émouvoir, moved, stirred, agilated, touched.
en of it, of them, some, any ; often to be otnit/ed in translating, especially when the antécédent is indemnité or post positive.
en in, into, with, by, as, like ; often to be omittcd in translating a présent parti ci pie.
enceinte /. enclosure, precinct, premises.
encombrer to encumber, obstruct, litter.
encore still, yet, again, else, more, besides, even so, even then, as yet ; to be translated as the coniext requires ; — une fois, once more ; again ; — cinq minutes, tive minutes more; — plus loin?
still further?
endormir to put to sleep ; s'—, to go to sleep.
endroit m. spot, place.
énergie / energy, might, force.
enfant m. and f. child, boy, girl ;
mon — , my boy, my girl, my
child, my dear ; qu'elle est — !
what a child she is ! how like a
little girl she is !
enfin at last, finally, well, indeed,
anyhow, at any rate, in short,
why ; to be iranslated as the con-
text requires.
engager to invite, engage, advise ;
je t'engage à te plaindre, I should
complain, if I were you.
engeance f. brood.
engourdissement m, torpor, stupor. énigme f. enigma, riddle.
ennemi de opposed to.
ennui m. boredom, ennui, ennuyer to weary, tire, bore ; s' — ,
to be wearied (tired or bored);
le monde où l'on s'ennuie, society
in which one is bored ; tiresome
society.
énorme huge, immense, enormous.
enseigner to teach, show, ensemble together.
ensuite then, after that.
entendre to hear, understand ; c'est
entendu, it's agreed ; bien entendu,
of course ; je n'y entends goutte,
I don't know a thing about it ;
faire — à, to make understand,
give to understand.
entier, entière whole, entire.
entité / entity.
entourer to surround.
entraîner to carry off, take away,
drag off.
entre bétween, among.
entrée f. entrance.
entrer to enter, come in, come, go.
entrevoir to get a glimpse of, hâve a faint conception of.
entrouvrir to open slightly, leave ajar.
enveloppant enveloping, caressing.
enveloppe f. envelop.
envelopper to envelop.
envers to, towards, with regard to.
envie f. désire, envy, mind, notion.
envieu-x, -se envious ; subst. envious person.
envolement m. fîight.
envoyer to send.
épais -se thick, dense.
Épaminondas : Epaminondas, Theban statesman and gênerai, who, when mortally wounded, replied to some who expressed regret that he left no posterity : "Je laisse deux filles immortelles : Leuctres {Leuctra) et Mantinée (A/antineia)."
épanchement m. effusion, outpouring.
épandre to spread, spread out, pour out, scatter.
épargner to spare.
épaule / shoulder.
épeler to spell.
épier to spy, spy out {or on), watch.
épouser to marry.
épouvantable frightful, terrible, fearful, awful.
éprendre (s') de to fall in love with.
épreuves /. //. proof, proof-sheets.
éprouver to feel, expérience.
épurer to purify.
espèce f. species, kindf
espérance f. expectation, hope.
espérer to hope, hope for, expect; j'espère bien, I hope, I expect.
espoir m. hope.
esprit m. spirit, wit, mind, intelligence, sensé, judgment.
esquiver (s') to sneak away, slip out.
essayer to try.
essor ///. free range.
essuyer to dry, wipe away.
esthétique / œsthetics.
estimer to esteem.
et and ; — ... — , both . . . and.
établir to establish.
éteindre to put out, extinguish ; s' — , to die out (or away); to diminish gradually.
éternellement eternally, for ever.
éterniser (s') to delay (or remain) for ever.
éther m. ether.
étincelle f. spark, electric spark.
étonnant astonishing, surprising.
étonné astonished, surprised ; in astonishment.
étonnement ?n. astonishment.
étonner to astonish.
étouffer to smother, stifle, suffocate ; s' — , to smother each other (with kisses).
étourdi thoughtless, giddy.
étranger m. stranger, gucst.
étrangeté / strangeness.
être to be ; to exist ; to go ; — à, to belong to, be — 's ; — à tout le monde, to be everybody's ; ne sera à personne, shall be nobody's ; elle est à moi, it is mine ; en — à, to be so far as, be so bad ; to hâve gone so far as ; où ils en sont, how far they hâve gone ; how bad things are ; what their relations
are ; ils n'en sont que là, they are no furthcr than that ; things are no worse than that ; y — , to understand it ; to hâve it ; j'y suis, I hâve it ; I understand it ; y — pour (quelque chose), to hâve something to do with it, hâve some part in it ; — bien, to be well, be comfortable, be ail right, be courteous (or agreeable), be handsome (or fine-looking) ; — mieux, to be better, be more comfortable ; c'est que, the fact is ; you must know ; it is because ; n'est-ce pas? is it not so? am I not? are you not?
doyounot? willyounot? n'est-ce pas que tu m'aimes? you do love me, do you not? qu'est-ce que c'est que cela? what is that?
être m. being.
étrier m. stirrup ; le pied à 1' — , the foot in the stirrup ; a steppingstone.
étroit narrow, close.
étude f. study, investigation.
étudiant m. student (of a higher institution of learning).
étudier to study.
Euripide Euripides, famous Greek tragic poet (480-406 B.c.).
eux they, them.
évadé m. fugitive.
évader to évade, flee from.
éveiller to awaken ; s' — , to wake up.
événement m. event, occurrence ; à tout — , in any event.
évidemment evidently.
éviter to avoid, shun.
exagérer to exaggerate.
excellent fine, excellent, good-
hearted.
excuse f. excuse, apology ; faire des
— s, to express regret ; to regret,
apologize.
excuser to excuse, pardon ; s' — , to
excuse oneself; to beg pardon,
apologize.
exemple m. example ; par — ,really,
indeed, by ail means, by no means,
1 must say, I assure you, nonsense ;
to be translated as the context re-
q tares.
exiger to demand, exact.
exilé m. exile, expansi-f, -ve free, easy, unre-
served, expansive.
expansion f. ease, freedom, effusion,
outpouring, expansion.
expliquer to explain, interpret.
exposer to explain, expose, lay
before.
exprès purposely, on purpose.
exprimer to express, exquis fine, exquisite, charming.
extase f. ecstasy.
extrait m. extract, sélection, extrêmement extremely.
fable / fable, fairy taie; fable!
incredible !
face / face ; en — (de), opposite ; regarder en — , to look straight at, look closely at ; parler en — , to speak to (or in) one's face ; to speak, standing opposite (or facing) a person.
fâché angry, vexed.
fâcher to vex, offend ; se — , to get
angry.
facile easy.
facilement easily.
façon f. fashion, manner, way.
facond éloquent, smooth-tongued.
facteur m. factor.
faible feeble, weak, faint.
faiblement feebly, weakly, faintly.
faiblesse f. weakness.
faillir to fail, come near, just miss ; almost . . .
faire to do, make, cause, hâve, go, say, be, write, compose, concern, matter, make a différence ; — froid (chaud, du soleil), to be cold (warm, sunny) ; — bien, to do well ; to make a good impression ; — des grâces, to pay little attentions, do little favors ; — mal à, to hurt, pain, grieve ; — le tour de, to go round ; — voir, to.
show, point to ; se — , to be made ; to become ; se — belle, to dress up ; se — mettre à la porte, to hâve oneself sent out of the room ; se — remarquer, to make oneself conspicuous ; il ne fait que cela, that's ail he does ; he never does anything else ; (Aère) he always is ; cela ne fait rien, that doesn't matter; that makes no différence; qu'est-ce que cela me fait? what do I care? how does that concern me? se (dative) — , to make for oneself ; to get, procure.
fait m. fact, deed, state, condition ; au — , indeed, really ; tout à — , quite, entirely, exactly.
falloir to be necessary; to hâve to;
must ; should ; ought ; to take ; — à, to need, be necessary to (or for), be just the thing for ; il faut que je, I must, I hâve to ; il faut être, one must be ; quand il faudra, when necessary ; on occasion ; when the opportune moment arrives ; il fallait entendre, you should hâve heard.
familiarité / familiarity ; à la — , on a footing of intimacy (or familiarity).
famille / family.
fange f. mire.
fatalement inevitably.
fatalité /. fatality.
fatiguer to tire ; se — , to tire oneself ; être fatigué, to be tired.
faute f. fault ; il n'y a pas — , no fault has been committed ; no wrong has been done.
fauteuil m. armchair.
fau-x, -sse false, fictitious.
faveur f. favor, grâce.
fée f. fairy.
féerie f. enchantment, fairyland.
feindre to prétend, feign.
félicité / felicity, bliss.
femelle f. female (of an animal).
femellerie (anabstractnounformed from femelle),/ femaleness ; animalism {or animality) ; la haute — , frivolous women of high rank.
femme f. woman, wife ; — de chambre, maid ; nous autres — s, we women ; les Femmes savantes, title of one of Molière's great comédies.
fer m. iron ; chemin de — , railway, train.
fermement firmly.
fermer to close, shut.
féru pp. of férir, smitten.
fête / feast, festival.
feu m. fire ; — d'artifice, fireworks, display of fireworks.
feuille / leaf, sheet.
feuilleter to turn the leaves of.
fier, fière proud.
fièrement proudly.
Figaro : character in the dramas Le Barbier de Sèville and Le Mariage de Figaro of Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799).
figure f. face, appearance, figure, form.
figurer (se) to imagine, picture to oneself; figure-toi! justthink!
filer to run off, take to one's heels.
fille f. daughter ; jeune — , girl, young lady ; en petite — , as (or like) a little girl; La Fille de madame Angot, title of one of the most popular of the numerous light opéras of Lecocq.
filleul m. godson.
fils m. son.
fin fine, refined, smooth, clear, délicate.
fin / end, conclusion ; à deux — s, with two ends ; ambiguous ; with double entente.
finir to end, finish, be over ; — par arriver, to arrive linally ; j'ai bien fini, j'espère, I hâve told you enough, I hope ; I hope that you are satisliol.
flamme / dame, passion.
flatter to flatter.
fleur / flower.
fleuron m. jewel, ornament.
flot m. flood.
foi / faith, confidence; ma — , on
my word, on my honor, indeed.
fois / time ; une — , once ; pour
une — , for once ; for a change ;
deux — , twice ; deux — par semaine, twice a week.
folie / folly, something foolish {or
crazy).
folle / madwoman.
fonctionnaire m. (govermental)
officiai.
fond m. depth, bottom, back,
background ; au — , in {or to)
the background ; at bottom, at
heart.
Fontenelle : Bernard le Bovier
de Fontenelle, French author,
nephewof Corneille (1657-1 757) .
force f. power, strength ; à — de,
by dint of ; through, by, from.
forme / form, kind.
formel, -le formai, express, formellement formally, outright,
expressly.
former to form, créât e, produce.
fort strong, hard, clever, capital ;
ça, c'est très — , that is clever ;
that's capital ; c'est trop — , that's
too much ; il est très — , he is a
master.
fort very, very much, much, ex-
tremely, greatly.
fou m. fool, madman. .fou, fol, folle crazy, foolish ; être
— de, to dote on, be crazy about,
be wild over, worship.
fouchtra m. {expletive in the patois
of the Auvergne), deuce, devil ;
les — s de Bouddha, the Judas
priests of Buddha.
foule /. crowd.
four m. failure, fizzle.
fournir to furnish, supply.
fourrer to surround, hedge in ; to
coat.
franc, franche, frank.
franc m. franc {équivalent to about
twenty cents).
français French; subst. Frenchman.
frapper to strike, beat, frère m. brother.
friser to curl.
froid cold.
froid m. cold ; avoir — , to be cold ;
faire — , {of the weather) to be
cold.
froidement coldly, coolly, with
reserve.
frôler to touch ; — les touches du
piano, to run the fingers over the
keys of the piano.
front m. forehead.
frtt sound of the voice indicative
of elation. fruit m. fruit.
fuir to flee, fly, shun.
funéraire funeral, of {or to) the
dead.
fureur / fury ; avec — , furiously.
furieu-x, -se furious.
furtivement furtively, stealthily.
gage m. forfeit.
gagner to gain, win, earn, save, take possession of, gain the mastery over, get the better of.
gai gay, cheerful, jolly.
gaiement gaily, joyously.
galamment gallantly.
galant gallant, licentious, libertine,
profiigate, loose in morals.
galimatias m. nonsense, twaddle.
Gambetta: Léon Gambetta, French
statesman (1838-1882).
gamin m. small boy, gamin; quel —
tu fais! howboyishyouareacting!
gamine / small girl, tomboy.
gaminerie / childishness, childish
antic ; //. childish antics, tomboy
tricks, coltish freaks. garantir to guarantee, assure.
garçon m. boy.
garde m. andf. guard.guardian ; — 3
du corps, body-guardians, body-
guard ; être sur ses — s, to be on
one's guard ; prendre — , to be
careful.
garder to guard; keep ; se — de, to
beware of, keep away from, leave
alone.
gare / station, railway station.
gâteau m. cake, gauche left, awkward.
gauche / left, left hand {or side) ;
à—, at (orto) the left.
gaz m. gas.
geler to freeze.
gémir to mourn, déplore, gêner to embarrass, annoy, be in
the way of.
général m. gênerai, généralement generally; — parlant,
speaking generally.
génie m. genius, talent, genou m. knee ; à — on one's
knees, kneeling.
genre m. kind, style.
gens m.andf.p/. people ; — sérieux, serious people ; bores ; les — d'ici, the people hère ; thèse people.
gentil, -le, nice, charming ; c'est — , ça ? that's nice, eh ?
geste m. gesture, sign.
giboulée / shower ; — s d'avril, April showers.
glace / window (of a carriage) ; ice ; en — , glacial.
glisser to slip, go furtively ; se — , to slip, glide.
gnan marling sottnd of the voue, indicative o/scorn and disgust.
gond m. hinge.
gorge / throat ; neck and shoulders ; qui n'a pas de — , who is flat-chested ; who is as thin as a rail.
goût m. taste.
goutte / drop ; ne . . . — {with entendre and voir), not at ail, not a thing ; je n'y entends — , I don't know a thing about it.
gouvernant m. ruler.
gouvernement ///. government.
grâce /. grâce, favor, pardon ; les bonnes — s, the good grâces ; faire — de, to pardon, spare, let off ; faire une — , to do a favor ; faire des — s, to do favors ; to be very attentive {or polite); de grâce ! mercy ! spare me ! 1 beg you !
gracieusement graciously, gracefully ; with affectation.
gracieu-x, -se gracious, graceful.
grand great, tall, grand, deep; un — effort, a prolonged {or sustained) effort.
grandir to grow, grow up.
grave serious, earnest, grave, gravement earnestly, gravely, se-
riously.
gravir to ascend.
gravité /. seriousness, gravity.
grimper to climb ; — à, to climb.
gris gray, grayhaired.
gronder to scold.
gros, -se big, fat.
guère : ne . . . — , hardly, scarcely,
little.
guérir to heal, cure, guerre / war.
guetter to watch, be on the watch for. gueule / mouth, jaws.
guichet m. wicket, window, ticket
office (in a railway station).
H ( 'h, aspirate h) habiller (s') to dress.
habit m. coat, suit, dress coat,
dress suit ; //. clothes.
habiter to inhabit, live {or dwell)
in.
habitude / custom, habit ; d' — ,
customary, habituai ; ordinarily.
habituellement usually, ordinarily.
habituer to accustom.
'haine / hatred.
'haïr to hâte, haleine / breath ; de longue — , on
a large scale.
'hardi bold.
'hardiesse / boldness, audacity.
'hasard m. chance; par — , per-
chance.
'hâte / haste.
'hâter to hasten, hurry ; se — , to
hasten, make haste.
'hâti-f, -ve hasty, prématuré.
'haut high, loud, aloud, back, up ; un peu — , audibly; plus — , louder; further back (on the stage) ; en — above, upstairs ; at the top.
'hautement aloud, publicly, with emphasis, emphatically.
'hauteur f. loftiness, haughtiness.
Hegel : Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, great German philosopher (1770-1831).
'hein eh? what? what !
hélas alas.
Héloïse : nièce of the prebendary or canon Fulbert and wife of Abélard, the unfortunate theologian and philosopher ; died abbess of the Paraclete, 1164.
'hem sound of the voice indicative of doubt, hésitation, or question, or to attract attention.
héritage m. inheritance, héritage.
héritière /. heiress.
hésiter to hesitate.
heure f. hour, time, o'clock ; tout à 1' — , presently, directly, in a little while ; {with a past tense, expressed or itnplied) a little while ago ; à tout à 1' — , good-by (for a little while) ; à quatre — s, at four (o'clock) ; de bonne — , early; à la bonne heure ! good ! fine !
I'm glad of that !
heureusement happily, luckily, fortunately.
heureu-x, -se happy, lucky, fortunate, glad, greatly pleased.
hier yesterday; d' — , of yesterday; yesterday's.
histoire / story, talk, gossip.
hiver m. winter.
homme m. man, husband ; honnête
— , man, gentleman, honest (or
honorable) man; — d'Etat, states-
man.
honnête honest, honorable, honneur m, honor.
'honteu-x, -se shameful, disgrace-
ful.
Horace : tragedy of Pierre Corneille,
the great French tragedian (1606-
1684). Other famous tragédies
of the same author are : Le Cid,
China, Polyeucte, and Rodogitur.
horreur / horror ; avoir — de, to
hâte, abhor.
horriblement horribly.
'hors de beyond, out of, beside.
Hugo : Victor Hugo, famous French
poet, novelist, and dramatist
'huit eight ; — jours, a week, hum sound of the voice indicative
of douât, hésitation, or question.
humain human.
humeur / humor, mood.
humidité / humidity.
Hunter : John Hunter, Scotch anato-
mist and surgeon ; 1 728-1793.
hurluberlu m. thoughtless (giddy
or inconsiderate) person.
'hussard m. hussar, soldier of the
light cavalry in France.
Hyménée m. Hymen: in classical
mythology the god of marriage.
ici hère ; bien — , right hère ; d' — , hère ; les gens d' — , the people hère ; thèse people ; par — , hère,
this way, in this direction ; — bas, hère below.
idéal idéal ; subst. m. idéal.
idéalité / ideality.
idée /. idea, thought ; a-t-on — de cela? whoever heard of such a thing?
identique identical.
ignoré unknown.
ignorer to be ignorant of; not to know ; s' — , to be (or become) unconscious of oneself; to lose consciousness of oneself.
il he, it ; there.
illustre illustrious.
imagination f. imagination, fancy, fanciful conception.
imaginer to imagine, fancy, take (it) into one's head ; s' — , to imagine, fancy.
imbécile m. imbécile, idiot.
imiter to imitate.
immaculé immaculate, spotless.
immatériel, -le immaterial, spiritual.
immortel, -le immortal.
impénétré not penetrated ; hidden, unknown.
implorer to implore, beseech.
importer to be of importance ; to concern, matter.
imposer to impose, force upon ; s'en laisser — , to allow oneself to be imposed upon.
impossible not possible; par — , assuming an impossibility.
imprudent imprudent ; subst. imprudent person.
inamovible not removable ; with a life tenure, chosen for life.
incessamment incessantly.
incliner (s') to bow.
incomber to devolve, be incumbent.
inconnu unknown ; siibsl. unknown
person ; stranger.
inconscient unconscious.
inconvenance / impropriety; n'être
qu'à 1' — , to be no worse than
improper.
indépendammant independently.
indépendance f. independence, free-
dom.
indigner to make indignant ; s' — ,
to be (or become) indignant, indique-fuite m. warning signal.
indiquer to indicate, point out ;
c'était indiqué, that was sensible ;
that was the right thing to do.
indiscret, indiscrète indiscreet.
individuation f. individualization,
individuation.
Indou m. Hindoo, one of the fol-
lowers of the Veda.
inédit unpublished.
inéluctable unavoidable, inéluctable, inexploré unexplored.
infamie f. infamy; des — s pareilles, such infamous things.
infini infinité ; subst. m. infinity,
(the) infinité.
influent influential.
infortuné unfortunate.
ingrat ungrateful.
initiateur m. pioneer, initiator.
inouï unheard of.
inquiet, inquiète uneasy, anxious,
restless.
inquiétant disquieting.
inquiéter to make anxious ; to
trouble, disquiet ; s' — , to be (or become) anxious, be troubled.
inquiétude / anxiety.
insanité f. insanity.
insensiblement insensibly.
insistant insisting ; with emphasis, emphatically.
insister to insist, emphasize.
insoumis not subject (to), independent (of).
installer to arrange ; s' — , to arrange oneself (comfortably) ; to take up one's résidence.
instant m. moment ; à 1' — (même), at this (very) moment ; immediately, directly, just now, just.
Institut m. Institute of France, collective désignation of the five Académies.
instruire to instruct, educate.
instruit well-educated, scholarly.
insuffisant insufficient, inadéquate.
insupportable insufferable.
intention f. purpose, intention ; avec — , pointedly, with hidden meaning ; dans quelle — , with what purpose.
interdit speechless, surprised, confused.
intéressant interesting.
intéresser to interest ; s' — à, to be (or become) interested in.
interrogateur, interrogatrice questioning.
interroger to question.
interrompre to interrupt.
interrompu pp. of interrompre, interrupted ; non — , uninterrupted.
intime confidential, private, informai.
intrigue f. love affair, intrigue, introduire to introduce, put.
inutile needless, useless, unneces-
sary, not necessary.
inventeur m. inventer, discoverer.
invention f. invention, discovery ;
originality.
invité invitée! ; subst. m. guest.
invraisemblable improbable, ironique ironical.
isoler (s') to separate from others,
go apart.
issue f. way out, issue, door, window.
jalouse / jealous girl.
jalou-x, -se jealous.
jamais ever, never ; ne . . . — ,
never ; plus — cela, no more of
that ; I shall never do that again.
jambe f. leg ; je n'ai ni bras ni — s, I
am paralyzed (or unnerved) ; I am
exhausted (worn out or used up).
jardin m. garden ; porte du — , gar-
den gâte ; door leading out to the
garden.
javanais Javanese.
je I.
Jean-Paul: Jean Paul Friedrich
Richter, German novelist and
humorist (1763-1825).
jet m. stream, jet ; — d'eau, foun-
tain.
jeter to cast, throw ; — les yeux,
to cast a glance ; to glance ; elle
se jette à son cou, she throws her
arms round his neck.
jeu m. play, mute play; même — ,
as above ; — de mots, pun, play
on words.
jeudi m. Thursday.
jeune young ; bien — , when I was a boy ; place aux jeunes ! make way for the young !
Jeune École (futUious title) f. Collegiate Institute.
jeunesse /. youth.
joie /joy; avec — , joyfully.
joindre to join, fold, clasp.
joint //. of joindre, folded, clasped.
joli pretty, nice ; très joli ! good ! well said !
joliment prettily, nicely ; thoroughly; tu as — raison, you are very right ; you are quite sensible.
Joubert : Joseph Joubert, French essayist (1 754-1824).
joue f. check.
jouer to play ; — à, to play (at) ;
— de, to play, bring into the play; (mus.) to play.
jour m. day; light ; il y a beau — que je le connais, I hâve known him for many a day; il y a beau
— qu'à son âge . . . , long before her âge ... ; huit — s, a week.
journal m. newspaper, magazine ;
— du soir, evening paper.
journée / day.
joyeu-x, -se joyful, joyous.
juger to judge, think, décide, consider, judge to be.
jurer to swear.
jusqu'à as far as, so far as, to the length of, to, up to ; even ; jusqu'où, how far ; jusque dans, even into (to or unto); jusqu'aujourd'hui, till to-day; — nous, till our coming ; until we came ; il
n'est pas — votre papier rose, you even use (your) pink paper.
juste right, just, exact.
justement justly, precisely, just by chance, it so happened, just now.
la her, it; she {with voici and voilà).
là there ; hère ; — -bas, yonder, down there ; — dedans, therein ; in that place ; — -dessus, thereon, about that, on (over or above) it (or that) ; par — , by that, at that point ; there, over there, in that direction, that way; en être — , to be at that point, be so far, be so bad.
-là (hyphcnated to preceding word for emphasis) that, there, on that side.
laboratoire m. laboratory.
laborieu-x, -se industrious, hardworking ; subst. hard worker.
lâcheté f. cowardice.
lacune / lacuna, gap.
là-dessus. See under là.
laid ugly, homely.
laisser to let, permit, allow, suffer, let go, leave, leave alone, stop ; laisse-moi faire, leave it to me ; laisse donc ! do stop ! don't object ! don't interrupt ! se — tomber, to drop, fall, sink ; s'en — imposer, to allow oneself to be imposed upon.
langage m. parlance, speech, idiom, manner of expression, language.
langue / tongue, language.
laquelle, lesquelles /. which, which one (s), what.
larme / tear.
larron m. thief, rogue.
lauréat m. lauréate : crowned by the French Academy.
Laure de Noves : Avignonese lady ïmmortalized by Petrarch in 366 sonnets and songs ; lived 1308-
le, la, les art. the.
le, la, les pron. him, her, it, them ; {with voici and voilà), he, she, it, they; oftefi to be omitted in translating, when the antécédent is indemnité, an adjective, a descriptive noun, or is post-positive ; je le sais, I know ; dis-le, say so.
Lecocq: Alexandre Charles Lecocq, French musician, composer of numerous light opéras ; born 18^2.
leçon f. lesson, lecture.
lecture / reading.
légataire m. andf. legatee ; — universelle, residuary legatee.
léger, légère light, soft.
légèrement lightly, slightly, indifferently.
légitime legitimate, justified.
lent slow.
lentement slowly.
lequel, lesquels m. which, which one (s), what.
lettre / letter.
leur their ; theirs.
leur to them.
lever to raise ; se — , to rise, get up.
lèvre / lip.
libéral, libéraux libéral ; subst. libéral (s), adhèrent (s) of the libéral party.
libre free, unhindtred.
lieu m. place ; avoir — , to takc
place ; to hâve reason ; tenir —
de, to take the place of, perform
the function of.
ligne y. line.
limite f. limit, bounds, restrictions.
lire to read.
littéralement literally.
littérature / literature.
