IÔ
of time ! six mois de perdu, six months lost (or wasted).
père m. father.
perfide treacherous.
péril m. péril, danger.
périlleu-x, -se perilous, dangerous.
périssable perishable.
permettre to permit, allow ; permettez ! excuse me ! I beg to differ !
personnage m. person, character (of a play).
personne / person, girl.
personne m. anybody, nobody ; ne ... — (or — ne . . . ), nobody.
perte / loss.
pesant weighty, heavy, oppressive.
peser to weigh, be heavy.
peste f. pest, plague ; comme — , like the plague.
petit little, small, young, dear.
petite f. little one ; little girl.
peu little, few ; — de, little, a little, few, a few ; un — , a little ; somewhat ; just, but ; — après, a moment later ; attends un — , wait a moment ; just wait ; elle voudrait bien voir un — , she would just like to-see ; si — que, as little as ; si — que vous voudrez, no matter how little.
peuple ni. people, nation ; common people.
peur f. fear, fright ; quelle — tu m'as faite, what a fright you gave me.
peut-être perhaps.
pfï sound of the voice indicative of suppressed laughter.
phalange / phalanx.
phénomène m. phenomenon ; le — que voici, the following phenomenon.
Philippe-Auguste : Philip II, king of France from 1 180-1223, tne rival of Richard Cœur de Lion, with whom he went on the third crusade (1190). On his return, he invaded the English possessions in France, and in 12 14 won the battle of Bovines against the combined armies of the English, Flemish, and Germans. His reign is also noted for many remarkable public improvements in Paris.
philosophe m. philosopher.
philosophie /. philosophy.
philosophiquement philosophically ; from a philosophical point of view.
photographe m. photographer.
photographie / photograph.
physiologique physiological.
pièce / pièce ; play ; — d'eau, pond, fishpond.
pied m. foot.
piège m. trap, trick.
Piéride / Muse ; one of the Piérides, or Muses.
pincer to pinch, catch, nab.
pinson m. chafnnch : European song-bird, having a variety of very sweet songs.
piocheur m, (student slang) dig, grind.
pion m. (chess) pawn ; usher (assistant in charge of the studyroom in a boys' school) ; air — , prim look.
piquer to prick, nettle, pique.
VOCABULAXY
pis comp. of mal, worse ; tant — , so much the worse ; it can't be helped ; whether or no ; what's the différence?
place f place, room, position, situation, office.
placer to put, place, locate ; se — , to stand, take one's stand.
plaindre to pity ; se — , to complain ; je t'engage à te — , I should complain, if I were you.
plaire to please ; (ce qu') à Dieu ne plaise (which) God forbid ; s'il vous plaît, if you please ; se — à, to take pleasure in.
plaisanter to jest, joke.
plaisir m. pleasure ; faire — à, to please ; to do one a favor ; me faire le — de . . . (inf/i.), to do me the favor to . . .
plan m. plan, ground-plan, ground ; premier — , foreground ; second (or deuxième) — , middle-ground; troisième — , dernier — , uini fond, background.
planer to soar.
planter to plant ; — là, to put aside, throw down.
plateau m. tray, waiter.
plâtre m. plaster ; //. plastered walls, stucco-work.
plein full, replète.
pleurer to cry, weep, mourn.
plomb m. lead ; de — , leaden, of leail.
Plombéide m. Filliad (on the analogy of Iliad) ; woril formed from plomber, to fill (teeth), and the suffix -ide (on the analogy of Enéide).
plonger to plunge, immerse ; — leurs regards (or leurs yeux) dans leurs regards (or leurs yeux), to gaze deeply into each other's eyes ; to bask in each other's glances.
pluie f. rain ; petite — apaise grand vent (proverù), a little rain quiets a great wind.
plume / feather, pen.
plus comp. of beaucoup, more ; ne . . , — , no more ; no longer ; — cela, no more of that ; don't do that again ; — qu'un mot, only a word more; ni moi non — , nor I either ; ne . . . pas, non — , not . . . either ; de — , further, besides ; un droit de — , an aiiditional right ; — ... — , the more . . .
the more ; toujours — , more and more.
plusieurs several.
poche f. pocket.
poème m. poem.
poésie f. poetry.
poète m. poet.
poétique poetic, poetical.
poids m. weight, emphasis.
poignée f. handful, hand-clasp ; — s de mains, hand-clasps ; they shake hands.
point m. point.
point : ne . . . — , not ; not at ail.
poli polite.
politique political.
politique f. policy ; politics.
Polymnie f. Polyhvmnia, Muse of lyric poetry.
populaire popular, supporte.! I>y the people.
porte / door, gâte ; petite — , postern, secret entrance ; sur la — , at (or near) the door ; on the threshold ; — de droite, door at (or on) the right ; — du jardin, garden gâte ; door leading out into the garden ; — d'appartement, room-door, apartment-door ; door leading into a room, an apartment, or a suite of rooms.
portée / reach, import.
porte-monnaie m. purse.
porter to carry, bring, wear.
portrait-carte m. card photograph.
poser to put, pose, place ; — sa candidature, to announce one's candidacy, come up as a candidate, run for office.
position /. situation.
positivement positively.
pouah poh, bah, pooh.
pouffer de rire to burst out laughing.
pour for, in order ; to, as, as for, as to ; — que, in order that.
pourquoi why ; c'est — , that is why ; therefore, for that reason.
pourtant however, though, still, and yet.
pourvu que provided that, if only, so long as.
pousser to push, drive, utter, carry, grow ; il pousse la porte, elle pousse un cri, he gives the door a push, it gives a creak ; se — , to push oneself forward, make one's way in the world.
pouvoir m. power.
pouvoir to be able ; can ; may; on ne peut plus calme (s), as
calm as can be ; puissent . . . , may . . .
pratique practical.
pratiquer to practice (what one believes).
préciosité f. preciosity (or préciosité) ; pedantic affectation ; euphuism ; see Rambouillet.
précipitamment précipitât ely; entrer — , to rush in.
précis exact, précise ; à six heures très — es, at the stroke of six ; at exactly six o'clock ; precisely at six.
précisément exactly, precisely, just (by chance), just now.
précoce precocious, prématuré.
préfecture f. préfecture, office of prefect.
préfet m. prefect : administrative head of a département.
préfète/ wife of the prefect.
premier, première first ; je t'aurais vu la première, I should hâve been the first to see you.
prendre to take, get, buy, seize, catch, work, gain, win, take possession of ; qu'est-ce qui te prend ?
what is the matter with you? ça prenait toujours, that always worked ; s'en — a, to blâme, lay the blâme upon.
préparer to prépare, arrange.
près near ; — de, by, near ; à peu — , nearly, pretty nearly; plus — , nearer ; (come) closer ; à un jour — , a day more or less ; l'un — de l'autre, side by side ; near each other.
présenter to présent, bring.introduce.
présidence / presidency, office of président.
président m. président (of the Republic).
présider to préside over.
presque almost.
presser to hurry, press, urge ; se — , to hurry, hasten ; se — contre, to press close to ; être pressé, to be in a hurry.
prêt ready.
prétendre to assert, claim ; prétendue découverte, supposed discovery.
prétentieusement pretentiously.
prétentieu-x, -se pretentious.
prêter to lend.
preuve / proof.
prévenir to forewarn, inform, notify.
prévu //. of prévoir, foreseen ; non — , unforeseen.
prier to beg, request, ask ; je vous en prie, I beg (of) you.
prière f. prayer, request.
printanier, printanière vernal, of springtime.
printemps m. spring, springtime.
privé private.
prix m. price, prize.
probablement probably.
processus (Lat.),m. (etymol. équivalent to Fr. progrès) progression; process.
proche near, close.
produire to produce ; se — , to be produced ; to happen, take place.
professeur m. professor, teacher.
profit m. profit, advantage, privilège.
profiter to profit, take advantage.
profond deep, profound, thoughtful.
progrès m. progression ; //. prog-
ress.
projet m. project.
prolixe prolix, verbose.
promenade / walk.
promener (se) to take a walk ; to
go about one's business, promettre to promise, propos m. speech, talk ; à — de, in
connection with ; talking about ;
à ce — , by the way ; forte en — ,
plain spoken.
propre own ; — à, peculiar to, char-
acteristic of.
propriété / property, estate.
protéger to protect, watch over.
protestant protesting ; in protest, protester to protest, prouver to prove.
prudemmant prudently.
prudent prudent, careful.
pst a hissing sound to attract the
attention.
psychique psychic, psychical.
psychologique psychological.
psychologue m. psychologist.
public, publique public, officiai, publier to publish.
pudeur / shame, modesty ; sans — ,
without blushing ; boldly.
Pufendorf : Samuel Freiherr von
Pufendorf, one of the earliest
writers on international law
(1632-1694). puis then, after that.
puisque since.
puissance / power.
puissant powerful, mighty.
pupille / ward.
pur pure, fresh.
Puranas m. pi. Puranas : mythological and legendary books of the ancient Hindoos.
purement purely.
pureté / purity.
purger to cleanse, purge.
quand when, even though, even if.
quant à, as to, as for.
quarante forty.
quart m. quarter ; dix heures moins le (or un) — , a quarter to ten.
quartier m. quarter, district.
quatre four.
que pron. whom, which, that, what ; qu'est-ce ? what is it ?
qu'est-ce que c'est ? what is it ?
qu'est-ce que c'est que cela ?
what is that ? ce — , that which, what, which ; how ; et ce — je m'appliquais, and the hard work I did ; and how I did work ; et ce — les dames l'ont applaudi, and the applauding those ladies did.
que conj. that ; (with subjunctivé) let; c'est — , the fact is ; you must know ; it is because ; si (or pour) . . . — , however.
que adv. how, how much, how many, what (a) ; than, as ; — de, how much, how many, what ; ne ... — , only ; rien — , nothing but ; only, solely, merely ; — je sais bien — non, I know well you aren't;
— de temps perdu ! what a waste of time !
quel, -le what, which, what a ; who ;
— qu'il soit, whoever he may be.
quelconque whatever ; any.
quelque some ; //. some, a few ; — chose, something, anything ; il y a — chose, something isthe matter, something is wrong, something's up.
quelquefois sometimes.
quelqu'un, -e (pi. quelques-uns, -unes), some one, somebody, some.
qu'est-ce que (object) what ?
qu'est-ce qui (subject) what ?
qui who, which, that ; whom ; voilà — est curieux, that is strange ! ce — , that which, what.
qui est-ce que (empkatic object) whom ?
qui est-ce qui (empkatic subject) who ?
quinze fifteen ; — jours, two weeks; a fortnight.
quitter to leave, quit, abandon.
quoi what, which ; à — , at (on, to, by) what ; how ; à — cela m'at-il servi ? of what profit has it been to me ? je ne sais — , something or other ; - — que ce soit, whatever it may be ; — qu'il en soit, however that may be.
quoique although.
raccommoder to patch up, reconcile, raconter to relate, recount, tell, radieusement radiantly, in radiance.
radieu-x, -se radiant, resplendent.
raide stiff, hard, tough, steep.
railler to rail (scoff or jeer) at.
raison f. reason, basis ; avoir — , to
be right ; demander — , to demand
satisfaction.
raisonnable reasonable, sensible.
Rama : Ilindoo demigod, or god (one of the avatars or incarnations of Vishnu), hero of the Ramayana.
ramasser to pick up.
Ramayana m. Ramayana : the more ancient of the two great Hindoo epics in classical Sanskrit ; the adventures of Rama and his wife Sita are the thème of its seven books.
Rambouillet : the Hôtel de Rambouillet, in the rue Saint-Thomas du Louvre, was built with a large parlor by the inventiveness of the talented Catherine de Vivonne, Marquise de Rambouillet.
Hère, in 1608, at theageof twenty, she established and presided over the first of Freneh literary salons.
She exerted, especially from 1624 to 1648, a very considérable influence in purifying the language and refining the manners of the times, but the movement of her salon culminated in an exaggerated and pedantic refinement of language and cuit of form and ceremony in social intercourse, known as préciosité.
ramener to bring back, take back.
ranger to arrange, put in order ; assis et rangé, seated {or sitting) in rows.
ranimer to reanimate, refresh.
rapide rapid, quick.
rappeler to recall, remind of ; se — , to remember.
rapport m. report.
rapporter to bring back.
rapprocher to bring near ; se — , to approach, corne close to.
rasseoir to sit down again ; se — , to seat oneself again.
rassurer to reassure ; se — , to be reassured ; not to worry.
rattraper to catch, overtakc.
Ravana : demon-king who carried off Sita, Rama's wife ; an épisode in the third book of the Ramayana, and closely connected with the rest of the epic.
rayonnement m. radiance, radiancy, luster, irradiation.
rayonner to radiate, irradiate.
recevoir to receive, welcome.
rechercher to return to, seek again, seek (to gain).
récit m. story, récital.
réciter to recite, declaim.
réclamer to ask for, demand, reclaim.
recommander to recommend.
recommencer to recommence, begin again, begin over.
récompense f. reward, recompense.
récompenser to pay back, reward.
réconcilié reconciled.
réconcilier (se) to be {or become) reconciled.
reconnaissance / gratitude ; quelle reconnaissance ! how grateful (we are to you) !
reconnaissant grateful.
reconnaître to recognize ; to be thankful for.
récrier (se) to cry out (in protest) ; to protest, object.
recueillir to collect.
reculer to recoil ; se — , to draw
back, withdraw, make room.
rédiger to draw up, write out, write
up (notes).
redouter to fear, dread.
refaire to make over, do again.
refermer to close again ; se — , to
close again.
réfléchir to reflect, consider, think.
réfugier (se) to take refuge.
réfuter to réfute, confute.
regard m. look, sight, glance, regard,
eye ; plonger leurs — s (or leurs
yeux) dans leurs — s (or leurs
yeux), to gaze deeply into each
other's eyes ; to bask in each
other's glances.
regarder to regard, look at, keep
one's eyes open ; to concern, be
the business of ; tout en regardant,
while looking (at).
règle f. rule, controlling factor.
regret m. regret ; que de — s, how
sorry I am ; how much I regret.
regretter to regret, be sorry (for), reine / queen.
rejeter to reject, send back, throw
down.
rejoindre to rejoin, meet (again),
come up with, catch.
relever to raise (again) ; se — , to
get up (again).
remarquable noteworthy, remark-
able.
remarquer to notice, observe ; se
faire — , to make oneself con-
spicuous.
rembourser to reimburse, pay, pay
back.
remercier to thank.
remercîments m. pi. thanks.
remettre to put back, deliver, give, hand to (or over).
remonter to go up again, go back.
remords m. remorse.
remplacer to replace, take one's place, take the place of.
remplir to fill, fulfill.
remuer to move, stir.
rencontre f. meeting ; aller à sa — , to go to meet him (or her).
rencontrer to meet.
rendez-vous m. appointment, place of meeting, rendezvous.
rendormir to put to sleep again ; se — , to go to sleep again.
rendre to return, give (or hand) back, make, render, put in words, express.
rengainer to sheathe (a sword).
renseignement m. pièce of information ; pi. pièces of information ; information, références, descriptions.
rentrer to come (or go) in again, re-enter, return, come back.
renverser to overturn, turn backward ; renversé, backhand (sloping downward from the left to the righl) ; backward (with words and letters written from the left toward the righl) ; or in mirrorwriting (écriture renversée, ç.v.).
renvoyer to send away, dismiss, expel.
reparaître to reappear.
réparer to make réparation.
repas m. meal, repast ; eating.
répéter to repeat.
réplique / reply, answer.
répondre to answer, reply; — de, to be responsible for ; je vous en réponds, I assure you ; I can assure you.
réponse / reply.
repos m. rest, repose, récréation.
reposer (se) to rest, take a rest.
repousser to push away; to spurn.
reprendre to take again, résume, continue, go on ; — terre, to alight, return to earth.
représenter to represent.
reproche m. reproach.
reprocher to reproach, find fault with.
républicain m. republican : one who favors a republican form of government.
République (française) : the Third Republic was established in France at the news of the capitulation of Sedan (Sept. 4, 1870). At the time of the action of this play (1881), Jules Grévy was président of the Republic, being its third président.
réservé reserved, prudent.
réserver to reserve, hold back, except ; ceci réservé, with this réservation.
résidence / abode, dwelling ; être en — , to stay, be staying.
résolu determined, resolved.
résolument resolutely.
résolution /. détermination, resolution.
résoudre to solve, résolve.
respect m. respect, regard ; il m'a chargé de vous présenter ses — s, he told me togive you his regards.
respirer to breathe, breathe freely.
ressentir to feel, expérience, ressusciter to revive, resuscitate.
reste m. rest, remainder ; du — ,
besides, withal, in fact, by the way,
anyhow.
rester to remain, stay, stay hère, be
left ; il me reste, I (still) hâve left;
elle est restée seule, she was left
alone (in the world).
résultat m. resuit, résumé m. recapitulation ; en — , to
sum up.
retard m. delay; être en — , to be
late.
retenir to detain, restrain, hold
back, keep back, suppress.
retirer to pull back, withdraw ; se
— , to withdraw, retire, leave.
retour m. return ; être de — , to be
back ; de — , back ; returned.
retourner to return ; se — , to turn
round, retrouver to find, find again, re-
cover ; aller — , to go back to.
réussi successful.
réussir to succeed.
revanche f. revenge, retaliation.
rêve m. dream.
réveiller to wake ; se — , to wake
up, awake.
révéler to reveal.
revenir to return, corne back ; to
fall to, be due ; il me revient à la
pensée, there occurs to me. révérence /. bow, courtesy.
rêveur m. dreamer, poet.
revoir to see again ; au — , good-by,
farewell.
revue / review, magazine, riche rich.
ridicule ridiculous.
ridicule m. ridicule, foolishness.
rien anything, nothing ; ne . . . — , nothing, not anything ; — ne, nothing ; — du tout, nothing at ail ; — que, solely, alone ; — qu'à l'embrasser, merely from kissing her.
rigueur / rigor, necessity ; de — , obligatory ; tenir — , to remain angry.
rire to laugh ; — de, to laugh at, make fun of; c'est fini de — maintenant, there will be no more laughing now ; the laughter is over now.
rire m. laugh, laughter.
risquer to risk.
river to rivet, chain.
robe f. dress ; en — courte, in short dresses ; — montante, high-necked dress.
roi m. king.
roman m. novel, romance ; et dont l'histoire est tout un — , and the story of whose life is just like a novel.
romanesque romantic, sentimental.
rose pink, rose-colored.
rouge red.
rougeole /. measles.
rougir to blush.
route / way, road ; faire fausse — , to take the wrong track.
ruban m. ribbon, décoration.
rue / street.
sac m. satchel, bag.
sacré sacred, inspired.
sage wise, good, sensible.
saint sacred, holy.
Saint-Évremond : Charles Marguetel de Saint-Denis, Seigneur de Saint-Evremond, French courtier, wit, and littérateur ; born 1613 (or 1616) at Saint-Denis-du- Guast, died 1703 in London.
Saint-Germain : Saint-Germain-en- Laye, historié town of 17,000 inhabitants, départ. Seine-et-Oise, 13 miles from Paris by the direct route ; delightfully situated, overlooking the Seine, wit h fine terrace and forest.
Sainte-Clotilde : one of the handsomest and most costly modem churches in Paris (rive gauche, east of the Esplanade des Invalides).
The square in front (Place de Bellechassé) is decorated with a fine marble group by Delaplanche (French sculptor, 1836-1891), r Éducation maternelle. Like the church Saint-Thomas d'Aquin, Saint- Clotilde is noted for the aristocratie weddings that are celebrated ther^.
sainte-nitouche (from n'y touche, touch not) f. demure, saintly person ; prim Methodist.
saisir to seize.
salle f. hall ; — à manger, diningroom.
salon m. parlor, réception room ; literary circle (or meeting); salon.
saluer to bow, bow to, salute, greet.
salut m. bow, greeting.
sang m. blood.
sanglot m. sob.
VOCABULAKV
sangloter to sob.
sans without; — cela, without that; without them.
sanscrit m. Sanskrit, the ancient languagc of the Hindoos.
sanscrit Sanskrit.
santé / health.
sauf except, save.
sauter to spring, jump ; elle lui saute au cou, she throws her arms about his neck.
sauver to save ; se — , to run away.
savant learned, scholarly.
savant m. scholar, savant ; Journal des — s, Académie Monthly (Parisian scientific revient, profoiindly scholar iy, foitnded /66j).
savoir to know, know how (to) ; condit. can, be ablc ; (pas) que je sache, (not) to my knowledge ; (not) as far as I know ; tu sais, you know, let me tell you ; you know ? you remember ?
scalpel m. scalpel, surgeon's scalpel.
scandale m. scandai.
scène f. scène, stage ; mise en — , setting, stage setting, stage décoration.
sceptique skeptical.
Schopenhauer : Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher, author of Die IVelt als Wille und Vorstellung, ami of learned essays on love (1788-1860). "The Nirvana of the Buddhists (affranchisement from the evils of worldly existence by annihilation or absorption into the divine) is the ultimate desideratum in the view of Schopenhauer."
Schumann : Robert Schumann, (ierman musical critic and composer (1S10-1856).
scientifique scientific.
se himsclf, herself, itself, themselves ; rtjlexive verbs are often to be translatée by verbs intransitive or passive ; qui est-ce qui s'embrasse donc comme ça ? who kisses like that, anyhow ?
sec, sèche dry, hard, unfeeling ; un cœur — , a hard, unfeeling person.
secrétaire m. secretary; — général, secretary gênerai, chief secretary.
secrétariat m. secretary-ship, office of secretary.
séduction f. charm, fascination, cajolery, intrigue.
séduire to charm, bewitch, captivate, beguile.
séduisant charming, captivating, bewitching.
seize sixteen ; à — ans, at sixteen.
séjour m. stay, sojourn.
selon according to.
semaine f. week ; deux fois par — , twice a week.
semblable similar ; — à, similar to ; like, like unto.
sembler to seem, appear.
Sénat m. Senate : the upper and less numerous branch of the législature in France ; twice abolished, it was reorganized for the third time by the constitution of
sénateur m. senator.
sens m, sensé ; le — commun, commun sensé ; le bon — , good sensé, common sensc.
sentiment m. feeling, sentiment ;
j'ai le — de ne pas avoir fait . . . ,
I hâve the feeling that I hâve not
done . . .
sentir to feel ; to smack of, savor
of ; se — , to feel.
sept seven.
sérieusement seriously, really. sérieu-x, -se serious, earnest ; gens
— , serious people ; bores ; au —
seriously ; in earnest.
serre f. conservatory ; salon, hall
in a conservatory.
serrer to press, clasp, grasp, shake,
squeeze.
servir to serve, be of service (use
or advantage); se — de, to use;
à quoi cela m'a-t-il servi ? of what
profit has it been to me ?
seul alone, single, solitary ; un — ,
only one ; one only.
seulement only, even, merely.
sévère stern, strict, severe.
sévèrement severely, sternly.
si conj. if, whether ; — (or pour)
. . . que, however.
si adv. so, as such ; — peu que, as
little as.
si (asseverative partide after an ex-
pressed or implied négation or
contradiction), yes, yes you
did.
siècle m. century, âge.
siège m. seat, chair, sien m. sienne / his, hers.
signer to sign (one's name).
signifier to signify, mean.
silencieu-x, -se silent ; subst. m pi.
silent people. simplement simply, plainly ; tout
— , merely, simply ; nothing more than ; that's ail.
singulier, singulière strange, peculiar, queer.
sitôt so scon, as soon.
situation /. position, situation, condition (or state) of affairs.
six six.
sœur/, sister; la — Séraphine, Sister Seraphina.
soie / silk.
soigner to care for, nurse ; to cultivât e, court.
soin m. care.
soir m. evening ; hier — , yesterday evening ; last night ; journal du — , evening paper.
soirée f. evening, evening réception.
soit (third person singular, près, subjunctive of être), be it so ; ail right ; — ... — , whether . . .
or ; either ... or.
sol m. soil.
soleil m. sun, sunlight ; faire du — , tobesunny; il faisait un beau — , the sun was shining brightly.
solide solid, substantial.
solliciter to apply, solicit, apply for office, be a candidate (for office).
sombre dark ; il fait — , it is dark.
son m. sa/, ses //. his, her.
songer to think, dream.
sonner to ring, strike, sound ; quatre heures sonnent, the clock strikes four.
sophiste m. sophist.
sorte / kind, sort ; en quelque — , in a way, in a measure, as it were.
sortir to go out.
sot, -te foolish.
sottise / folly, foolish thing, anything foolish.
SOU m. cent, sou.
souffle m. breath.
souffler to blow, breathe, whisper, prompt, suggest.
souffleter to slap, box (one's) ears.
souffrir to suffer, permit, allow (it).
souhaiter to wish.
soumettre to submit, subdue, subject, refer ; se — , to submit, yield.
sourire to smile.
sourire m. smile.
souris f. mouse.
sous under, beneath.
sous-préfet m. sub-prefect, souspréfet ; administrative head of an arrondissement.
sous-préfète / wife of the sub-prefect (or sous-préfet) .
soutenir to sustain, support, uphold, encourage, maintain, claim ; cela ne se soutient pas, that is not tenable.
souvenir (se) de to remember.
souvent often.
souverain sovereign, suprême.
spécialement especially.
spectacle m. play ; au — , at (or to) the theater.
sphinx m. sphinx : Grecian monster, with the face and breast of a woman on the winged body of a lion, whose riddle Œdipus solved.
spirituel, -le witty.
stupéfait stupefied, dumfounded.
style m. style, literary style.
suavité f. suavity, sweetness, charm.
subit sudden.
succès m. success.
successeur m. successor.
sucré sugared, sweetened.
suffire to suffice, be sufficient.
suite / following, continuation, séries, succession, resuit ; tout de — , directly, immediately; à la — de, after, following, at the conclusion of.
suivre to follow ; to follow (an argument) ; to take (a course of lectures).
sujet m. subject ; au — de, about, concerning.
Sully-Prudhomme : René François Armand Sully-Prudhomme.French poet of the Parnassian school, born in Paris in 1839.
summum (Lat.) m. summit, culmination, climax.
suppliant beseeching, pleading.
supplier to beg, beseech ; je voua en supplie, I beg (of) you.
supporter to endure, bear.
supposer to suppose.
sur on, at, over, above.
sûr sure ; bien — , quite sure.
sûreté f. safety, security.
surfaire to overrate, exaggcrate ; c'est bien ici que se font, se défont et surfont les réputations, les situations et les élections, it is right hère that réputations, positions, and offices are made, unmade, and made " prodigious."
surhumain superhuman.
surprendre to surprise.
surpris //. of surprendre, surprised.
surtout especially.
surveiller to watch over.
sympathie / sympathy.
VOCABULAKY
table /. table; à — , at (or to)
dinner.
tableau m. painting; tableau! you
can imagine the scène !
tabouret m. stool.
tâcher to try.
taille /. waist.
taire (se) to be silent ; tais-toi
donc ! do be silent ! mais tais-toi
donc, à la fin ! vnll you be silent! tandis que while, whereas.
tant so much ; — de, so much, so
many ; — mieux, so much the
better; — que tu voudras, as
much (or as many) as you like ;
— de quoi se vanter, so much to
boast (or be proud) of.
tante f. aunt ; — à succession, aunt
with a fortune to leave ; la — de
madame, (//<rr<r)madamedeCéran's
aunt ; ma — (in direct address),
aunt.
tantôt soon, presently; (with a past
te use) a while ago ; il y a —
soixante ans, now nearly sixty
years ago.
tapisserie f. needlework, em-
broidery.
taquin teasing ; a tease.
tard late.
tarder to delay, be long ; sans — ,
without delay.
Tartuffe m. Tartuffe: type of the
hypocrite in Molière's comedy.
tasse / cup.
te you, to you ; thee, to thee.
tel. -le such, such a ; un — , such a. temps m . time, weather ; à — , in
time ; il était — , it was time ; just
in time ; none too soon ; que de — perdu ! what a waste of time !
tendance f. tendency.
tendre to hold out ; to stretch.
tendre tender, loving ; lovingly.
tendrement tenderly, lovingly.
tendresse f. tenderness, love.
tenir to hâve, hold ; — à, to attach importance to ; to désire earnestly ; se — à quatre, to strive hard, work like a horse ; — pour, to hold to, be in favor of, be on the side of ; en — pour, to be in love with ; à quoi s'en — , what to expect, what to dépend upon, how things really are ; tiens-toi !
tenez-vous ! be careful (prudent or circumspect) !
tiens ! tenez ! (imperative forms of tenir, exclamatory use), hère, there, look, notice, well, of course, by the way, apropos ; to be translated as the context requires.
tenter to try.
tenue f. bearing, dignity, style, deportment, décorum, étiquette.
terme m. term, expression.
terminer to end, finish, terminate ; être terminé, to be over.
terminus (Lat.) m. bound, limit, end, extremity.
terre f. earth, land ; reprendre — , to alight, return to earth.
terrestre terrestrial, of the earth.
terrifier to terrify.
tête f. head ; coup de — , inconsiderate act ; freak.
thé m. tea; prendre le — , to drink (or hâve) tea.
théâtre ». stage, theater.
VOCABULARV
Théâtre-Français : famous French playhouse, rue de Richelieu and place du Théâtre- Français, near the Palais- Royal, Paris, the home of the Comédie française ; also, the naine of the theatrical companv, as often applied as the title Comédie française. It was founded by the union of the Théâtre Guénégaud (occupied by Mlle Molière and her troupe) with its rival, the Hôtel de Bourgogne, October 21,
théogonie / theogony : genealogy of the gods.
tien m. tienne/, thine ; yours.
tirer to draw, take, pull out, pull down ; se — de, to get out of ; to extricate oneself from.
tiroir m. drawer.
tison m. brand, firebrand.
Tocqueville : Alexis Charles Henri Clérel de Tocqueville, French statesman and political writer, author of Democracy in America (1835-1839) and the Ancien régime (1850).
toi thee, thou ; you ; à — {possession), your, (of) yours.
toile f. curtain.
toilette f. toilet ; en grande — , in full dress, in evening dress.
tombe / tomb, grave.
tombeau m. tomb, grave, death.
tomber to fall, fall out ; — mal, to corne inopportunely; to strike the wrong person ; faire — , to knock off; se laisser — , to drop, fall, sink.
ton m. tone, voice, manner.
tort m. wrong ; avoir — , to be
wrong.
tôt soon, early; le plus — sera le mieux, the sooner the better.
touche / key (of a pian.
toucher to touch.
touffe f. tuft.clump; — s d'arbustes, dense shrubs.
toujours always, still ; — plus, more and more; va — ! blunder on!
rattle on ! cherchez — ! kcep on looking ! je ne trouve — pas, I haven't yet found ; en le regardant — , still looking at him ; continuing to look at him.
tour m. turn, circuit, ballot, short walk, stroll ; faire un — , to take a short walk ; un — de jardin, a walk {or stroll) in the garden ; faire le — de, to go round.
tourmenter to forment, bother, trouble, vex.
tourner to turn ; se — , to turn (round).
tousser to cough.
tout subst. adj. adv. everything, ail ; any, ail, sole ; entirely, quite, very ; du — , at ail ; a bit of it ; tou(te)s les deux, both ; — à coup, — d'un coup, suddenly; ail at once ; — à fait, quite, entirely, exactly ; — en regardant, while looking (at).
toute-puissance / omnipotence.
tracer tu trace, map out.
traduire to translate.
tragédie / tragedy.
tragique tragic, tragical.
traité m. treaty.
traiter to treat, treat of.
tranquille quiet, in peace, alone,
tranquil ; soyez — , don't worry, hâve no fear.
travail m. work ; en plein — , hard at work.
travailler to work, study.
travers m. breadth ; à — , across, through.
treize thirteen.
trembler to tremble.
trente thirty.
Trente : Trent (or Trient), manufacturing city, Tyrol, Austria ; population 25,000 ; hère the Tridentine Council (or Council of Trent), called by Pope Paul III to settle questions of dogma arising out of the Reformation, was in session from 1545 to
très very, ver)' much, greatly.
Trinité bouddhique (probably for Trinité brahmanique) f. Hindoo Trinity ; Trimurti ; composed of Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva, three manifestations of Brahm (the Divine Essence, the One First Cause, the Ail in Ail). This trinity is of comparatively late formation. It is unknown in the Mahabharata.
trois three ; et de — , and that's No. 3.
troisième third.
tromper to deceive ; se — , to be mistaken, make a mistake.
trop too, too much ; — de, too much, too many; — de quoi, too much, wherewith to . . .
troubler to disturb, agitate, confuse, disconcert.
trouver to find, consider, think ; se — , to be.
tss sound of the voice indicative oj vexation, or to impose silence.
tu thou ; you; famiîiar pronoun, used between near relatives, intiniate friends, and to children and animais.
tuer to kill.
tumulus (Lat.) m. (pi. tumuli) tumulus, mound of earth.
tuteur m. guardian.
tutoyer to thee-and-thou a person ; to say tu and toi to a person (in contradislinction to vous) .
Tyrtée m. Tyrtaeus : Grecian poet who fired the hearts of the Spartans in the second war of Sparta with Messenia ; 7th century B.c.
un, une a, an, one ; les — s, some ;
et d' — , and that's No. 1.
unique only, sole, solitary.
uniquement only, solely, exclusively.
univers m. universe.
utile useful.
va corne, go, indeed, I assure you, nonsense ; to be translated as the context requires.
Vadius : pedantic savant in Molière's comedy Les Femmes savantes.
valoir to be worth ; — bien, to be as good as ; — mieux, to be better, be worth more ; en — la peine, to be worth the trouble, be worth while.
vanité / vanity.
vanter to vaunt, be proud, boast of ;
tant de quoi se — , so much to boast (or be proud) of.
veau m. calf, veal.
Védas m. pi. Vedas (Rig-Veda, Yajur- Veda, Sama- Veda, and Atharva-Vedd), the most ancient sacred literature of the Hindoos, and the oldest religious records known.
veiller to watch.
velouté soft, velvety.
vendre to sell.
venir to come ; — à, to happen to ; — de : il vient de, he has just ; il venait de, he had just ; et vous venez me parler . . . , and you come talking to me ... ; qu'est-ce que tu viens faire ici? what do you want hère? what are you doing hère?
véritable true, real, regular.
vérité / truth ; en — , indeed, really.
verre m. glass, lens.
vers to, towards.
vers m. verse ; des — , verses, poetry.
verser to shed, pour.
vestibule m. vestibule, porch.
veuillez (imper ative of vouloir), please ; be so kind as to.
veuve /. widow.
victorieusement victoriously.
vide empty.
vie / life.
vieille / old woman, old lady.
vieillir to become old ; plus je vieillis, the older I become.
vieux M, old man, old gentleman.
vieux, vieil m. vieille,/ old.
vif , -ve lively, quick, vivacious ;
avoir l'œil — , to be sharp-sightcd,
hâve sharp eyes.
vilain ugly, bad ; subsl. wretch,
horrid créature, ville / city, town.
vingt twenty.
vingt-huit twenty-eight ; de — ans,
of twenty-eight.
vingt-sept twenty-seven.
violemment violently, with violence,
with a slam.
violence / violence, force, virginité f. virginity, maidenhood.
visage m. face, visiblement visibly, clearly, evi-
dently.
vite quick, quickly.
vitré glazed, inclosed by Windows,
with French (or casement)
windows.
vivement quickly, eagerly, viva-
ciously.
viveur m. fast (or loose) liver, one
who lives for pleasure ; viveur, vivre to live.
vœu m. vow, prayer, wish.
voici hère, hère is, hère are ; le
phénomène que — , the following
phenomenon.
voie f. way, path, road.
voilà there, there is, there are, it is,
that ii, thèse (or those) are ;
voilà ! hère you are ! there you
hâve it ! that's ail ! — six mois
que je m'applique, for six months
I hâve been working hard.
voir to see ; faire — , to show, point
out ; je n'y vois pas, I can't see ;
il n'y a qu' à la — , you need only
to see her.
voiture / carnage.
voix f. voice, vote ; à mi- — , in a low tone ; as-tu une jolie — , what a pretty voice you hâve ; a-t-il une — , what a voice he has.
VOl m. fîight ; âme de haut — , inspirée! soûl, wingèd soûl, soûl with lofty aspirations.
voler to steal, rob, fly ; — à . . . (quelqu'un) . . . (quelque chose), to rob . . . {some oné) . . . {of something).
volonté / will, volition.
volontiers gladly, willingly.
Voltaire : the assumed name of François Marie Arouet ; born at Châtenay, February 20, 1694, died at Paris, May 30, 1778. A great French writer, famous as a poet, dramatist, historian, and letterwriter. He bitterly attacked the church as an institution.
volupté / délectation, delight ; pi.
delights, sweets.
votre, //. vos your.
vôtre yours.
vouloir m. will, wish.
vouloir to will, wish, want, try, be willing ; — bien, to be willing ; je veux bien, I am willing, I consent, I will ; je voudrais (bien), I should like to ; — dire, to mean ; si vous le voulez bien, with your kind permission ; veux-tu bien (en finir) ! stop ! will you stop !
je ne veux pas, I don't wish to ; I will not ; I won't ; qu'est-ce que tu veux? qu'est-ce que vous voulez ? que voulez-vous ? what can you expect ? what can I do ?
how can I help it ? voulez-vous que je ... ? shall I ... ? comme tu voudras, as you like ; si peu que vous voudrez, no matter how little ; elle voudrait bien voir un peu, she would just like to see ; je le veux, I command it ; it is my will.
vous you, to you.
voyage m. journey, trip, voyage.
voyons corne, oh corne, corne now, say, tell me, you don't mean to say, stop, pray don't ; to be translate^ as the context requires.
vrai real, true ; bien vrai ? really ? truly ?
vraiment really, truly, indeed.
vraisemblablement probably, in ail probability.
vue / view, sight.
vulgaire common, ordinary ; subst.
common people.
Vyasa : supposed compiler of the Vedas.
wagon m. railway carriage, train.
y there, in (on or upon) it, of it, of them ; — être, to be there ; to see clearly ; to understand it ; to hâve it ; j'y suis, I hâve it ; I understand it ; ça — est, it'sdone; it's over ; — être pour (quelque chose), to hâve something to do with it, hâve some part in it ; j'y ai pensé, I hâve thought of it ; sometimes to be omitted in trans-
VOCABULAKY
lating ; nous — entrons, we come (or go) in ; je n'y vois pas, I can't see.
yeux //. 0/ œil, m. eyes ; jeter les — , to cast a glance ; to glance ; dans les — , in (or into) the eyes ;
right in one's face ; straight at ; plonger leurs — (or leurs regards) dans leurs — (or leurs regards), to gaze deeply into each other's eyes ; to bask in each other's glances.
PQ
Pailleron, Edouard Jules
Henri
Le rconde où l'on s * ennui e
