IS
arrivée, /. arrivai.
arriver, arrive, come out,
happen, occur; — à (with
éUU. of subject), go so far
as to.
arrogant, arrogant, haughty.
arrondissement, m, district,
ward.
articuler, artîculate, utter.
ascension, /. ascent.
assagir, make wise, steady.
assaut, m, assault.
assembler, assemble.
assentiment, m. assent, consent.
asseoir, seat, set, place; s' — ,
sit down.
assez, enough, rather, very.
assise, /. course, stratum.
assister à, be présent at.
associé, in partnership with.
associer, link together; s' —
à, accept, join.
assombrir (s'), darken.
assouplissement, m. limber-
ing up.
assourdi, muffled, deadened.
assurer, assure, inform; s' — ,
assure one's self, assurément, assuredly, cer-
tainly. atelier, m. shop.
attaclié, m. attaché.
attacher, attach, tîe, fix.
attardé, belated.
atteindre, attain, reach, strîke.
atteinte, stricken down,
reached.
attendre, wait, await; s' —
a, czpcct*
attendri, -e, softened, ten-
der.
attendrir, soften, move.
attendrissement, m. émotion,
feeling.
attente, /. expectation.
attenti-f, -ve, attentive.
atténuer, attenuate, soften.
attirer, draw, draw forward,
draw toward, attract.
attitude, /. attitude, attrait, m. attraction, attrister (s'), be saddened.
au "à le, at the, in the, to the,
by the, on the.
aube,/, dawn.
auberge, /. inn.
aucun, -e, any, not any, no.
audacieux, audacious, bold.
au-dessous, below, beneath.
au-dessus, above, over.
augmenter, augment, increase.
aujourd'hui, to-day, now.
atunône, /. alms, charity.
auprès, near, with, in the esti<
mation of, against. auquel, auxquels, etc. -à lequel, etc.
aussi, also, so then, as.
aussitôt, immediately, forth-
with.
autant, as much, so much;
d' — plus, the more be-
cause, more particularly
because.
automne, m. autumn.
autorisation, /. authorisation,
permission, autoriser, authorise.
autoritaire, authoritative.
VOCABULARY
autorité, /. authority.
autour de, around, about.
autre, other, différent; nous, ▼ous, — s, we, you (emphalic).
autrefois, formerly.
autrement, otherwise, differently, much more.
Autricfae,/. Austria.
avance, /. advances, attentions; à V — , beforehand.
avancé, well along.
avancer, advance, hold out; move forward, push forward; s' — , advance.
avant de, before; en — , forward, ahead.
avantage, m. advantage.
avec, with, toward.
avenant, attractive.
avenir, m, future, promise.
avenue, /. avenue, (shaded) road, drive.
averse, /. shower.
aversion, /. aversion, dislike.
avertir, wam, inform, notify.
avis, m. opinion, advice.
avocat, m. advocate, lawyer.
avoir, hâve, take, make (a gesture); il y a, there is, there are; il y avait, there was, there were; — beau répondre, answer to no purpose; qu'a tu donc, what is the matter with you?
avouer, avow, confess, profess.
avril, m. April.
bagage, m. baggage.
bahl oh pshaw! you don't
mean it!
baigner, bathe.
baiser, m. kiss.
baiser, v. to kiss.
baisser, lower, descend ; se — ,
bend, lower, drop, descend.
bal, m. bail, dance.
balancement, m. balancing.
balancer, sway.
balançoire, /. swing board,
"teeter." balayer, sweep.
balcon, m. balcony.
baliveau, i». sapling.
banal, -e, common-place.
banalité, /. common-place.
banc, m. bench, pew.
bande, /. band, strip.
bandeau, m. fillet; pi. -z, en
— ^z (of the hair), covering
the ears.
bandelette, /. fillet, haïr rib-
bon.
barbe, /. beard.
barbiche, /. chin beard.
barque, /. bark, vessel.
barrage, m. barrier.
barrer, cross, bar.
barrière, /. bar, barrier, stile. bas, m. lower part; en — , be-
low.
bas, Hse, low, in a low tone,
mean; au — de, at the
foot of; tout — , in a low
tone.
Basse-Alsace, Lower Alsace,
VOCABULARY
i.e. Northern Alsace. Strass-
burg is the principal city.
bataille, /. battle.
batailleu-r, -se, quarrdsome,
pugnadous.
bataillon, m. bataillon* batelier, m. boatman.
bâtiment, m. building.
bfltir, bund.
battement, m, quiverîng.
battre, beat; se — , fight.
battu, beaten, trodden;
fought.
bavarder, babble, gossip.
bavarois, Bavarian.
beau, bel, belle, beautiful,
fine; avoir — , in vain.
beaucoup, much, a great
deal.
beau-frère, tn. brother-in-
law; ^père, f ather-in-
law.
beauté, /. beauty.
bécassine, /. snipe.
belle, see beau, bénir, bless.
bénitier, m, holy-water f ount.
Berlin, Berlin, capital of Ger-
many.
berlinois, adj. formed from
Berlin, besoin, m, need, necessity.
béte, /. animal, beast.
bibliothèque,/, library, book-
case.
bicyclette,/, bicyde.
bien, m, welfare, good.
bien, well, indeed, very,
many, of course; — que,
although; eh — I well! ou
— , or if not; c'est — , that
will do.
bien-aimée, well-beloved,
dear.
bientôt, soon; à — , see you
again soon.
billard, m. billiards.
billet, m. ticket, bisaïeul, m, great-grandfather.
blâmer, blâme.
blanc, -he, white, unpainted.
blancheur, whiteness.
blé, m. wheat, grain, blesser, wound, offend.
blessure,/, woimd.
bleu, m. blue; — de del, sky-
blue.
bleu, -e, blue.
blond, -e, blond, boire, drink.
bois, m. wood, woods, saw-
logs.
boisé, -e, wooded.
boiter, limp.
bomber, round out.
bon, -ne, good.
bonheur, m, happiness.
bonhomie, /. simplicity.
bonhomme, m. old codger,
old chap.
bonjour, good day.
bonsoir, good evening.
bord, m. border, edge, side.
bordeaux, m, Bordeaux wine.
border, border, bordure, /. border, borné, limited, narrow-mind-
éd.
botte, /. boot.
bouche, /. mouth, lips.
bouffée, /. puff, gust, whiff.
bouger, budge, move.
bougie, /. candie.
bouillir, boil.
boule, /. bail.
bouquet, m, bunch, duster,
basket, clump, grove.
bourg, m. burg, village.
bourgeois, m, -e, /. middle-
dass man, plain, common
man.
bourrelet, m, mat, pad.
bout, m. end, lower end, tip.
bouteille, /. bottle.
boutique, /. booth, shop,
store.
bouton, m, button, knob.
boutonnière, /. buttonhole.
branche, /. branch.
braconnier, m. poacher.
bras, m. arm.
bravade, /. bravade.
brave, brave, honest, kind,
good.
braver, brave, defy.
bravo, hurrahl (for), well
donel bravoure,/, bravery, courage.
break, m, break (carriage), brebis, m. sheep.
bref, brève, brief.
brider, bridle, curb, draw. brigadier, m. corporal {of cav-
air y), brique, /. brick.
briser, break, break off , break
down.
broder, embroider.
brosseur, m, orderly.
brouillard, m, fog, mist.
broussaille(s),/. brushwood.
broussailleux, bushy.
bruit, m. noise, sound, dis-
turbance, talk.
brûler, burn.
brume, /. mist.
brumeux, misty, hazy.
brun, -e, brown.
brusquement, brusquely, sud-
denly.
brutal, pi. brutaux, brutal,
churlîsh.
bruyère, /. heath, heather.
bûdieron, m. wood-chopper.
buis, m, boz-wood.
buisson, m, bush.
bureau, m, office, desk.
bureaucrate, m, bureaucrat,
red-tapist.
buse, /. buzzard.
buste, m, bust, head and
shoulders.
but, m, goal, aim.
butter, stumble.
c', ç*-ce.
ça, hère.
ça» cela.
cabane, /. cabin; — de guet,
watchman's cabin.
cabaret, m. wine-shop, tavem.
cabinet, m. cabinet, study; —
de travail, office.
cacher, hide.
cacheter, seal.
cadre, m, frame.
café, m, coffee, coffee house,
café.
VOCABULARY
caflloux, m. pebble, stone; — dtt Rhin, rhinestone.
câlin, coazing.
calme, calm.
calmer, calm, steady.
calomnier, calumniate, slander.
camarade, m, or /. comrade, chum, friend.
camaraderie,/, comradeship.
campagne, /. country, fields.
canapé, m. lounge, sofa.
candidat, m. candidate.
canne,/, cane.
cap, m, cape, promontory.
capable, capable, likely to.
capital, -e, capital, of suprême importance.
car, for.
carabine, /. carbine, rifle.
caractère, m. character.
carême, m. Lent.
caresser, caress, stroke.
carnet, m, notebook.
carré, -e, square.
carrière,/, career.
carriole, /. carryall, covered carnage.
carrossable, passable for carriage.
carte,/, map, card.
cas, m. case; en tout — , in any case, anyhow.
caserne,/, barracks.
casque, /. helmet.
casquette,/, cap.
cassure, /. break, fold.
cataloguer, catalogue.
catégorie, /. category, kind, sort.
Caucase, m. the Caucasus
moun tains.
cause, /. cause; à — de, be-
cause of; être en — , con-
cemed, involved.
causer, chat, converse, cause.
causerie, /. chat.
cavalerie, /. cavalry.
cavalier, m. horseman.
ce, cet, cette, ces, adj, this,
that, thèse, those; ce . . . -là,
that, that sort; ce . . . -ci,
this (emphatic).
ce, pron, this, that, it; — qui,
nom.; — que, ace, that
which, what.
céder, yield.
ceinture, /. sash, girdle.
cela, that; c'est — , that 's it,
that's right. célébrer, celebrate, extol.
cellier, m, cellar, store-
room.
celui, celle, ceux, celles, he,
hîm, she, her, etc., this one,
that one, thèse, those, the
one, the ones; — -ci, this
one, the latter; — -là, that
one, the former.
censé, supposed, consîdered.
cent, one hundred.
centaine, /. hundred, five
score, cependant, meanwhile, how-
ever, nevertheless.
cercle, m. circle.
cerisier, m, cherry tree.
cerné, -e, surrounded.
certain, -e, certain, certainement, certainly.
VOCABULARY
certitude, certitude, certain-
ty.
cesse, /. ceasing; sans — , con-
tinually.
cesser, cease.
ceux, see celui, chacun, -e, each.
chagrin, m. grief, sorrow, vexation; se faire du — , worry.
chaîne,/, chain.
chair, /. flesh.
chaise, /. chair.
chambre, /. chamber, room;
valet de — , valet.
champ, m. field.
champignon, m. mushroom.
chance, /. luck.
chanceler, totter.
change, m, exchange, wrong
scent; donner le — , put on
the wrong track.
changer de, change, changement, m, change.
chanson, /. song.
chant, m. song, sîngîng.
chanter, chant, sîng.
chantier, m, lumber-yard,
work-yard.
chapeau, m. hat; pi. -x.
chapelet, m. chaplet, string
of beads.
chapelle, /. chapel.
chaque, each, every.
charge, /. load, burden,
office.
charger, load, put, charge
wîth; se — de, take upon
one's self.
chariot, m. wagon, cart.
charitable, charitable.
charmant, charming.
charme, m. charm.
charnu, plump, thick, fleshy.
charretière (porte),/, wagon-
gate.
charrue, /. plow.
châsse,/, shrine.
chasse, /. hunting, hunt.
chasser, drive out.
chasseur, m. hunter.
château, m. castle, mansion.
chaud, hot; faire — , be hot.
chauffer, warm; se — , warm
one's self, chef, m, head, superior, chief ;
— d'industrie, captain of
industry.
chemin, m. way, road; — de
fer, railway ; — de traverse,
cross-road.
cheminée, /. chininey, fire*
place, chemise,/, shirt, chemise.
chêne, m, oak.
cher, chère, dear.
chercher, seek, get.
chéri dear, darlîng; mon—,
my dear boy; ma chérie,
my dear girl, frîend.
cheval, m. horse, pi. chevaux;
à — , on horseback.
chevelure, {head of) hair,
tresses.
cheveux, pi. of cheveu, m.
hair.
chèvre-feuille, m. honey-
suckle. '
chevreuil, m. roebuck, roe.
chevron, m. raf ter, scantling. j chez, at, among, in, with, on
VOCABULARY
the part of , at the home of;
— moi, in my own house.
chic, natty.
chifiEre, /. figure, reckoning.
choc, m, shock, blow.
choisir, choose.
chose,/, thing.
chute,/, fall.
dcéroner, guide, ciel, m. heaven, sky.
dl, m. eyelash.
cime, /. summit, top.
dnq, five.
cinquante, fifty.
cinquantaine, some fifty.
circonscription, /. électoral
district, precinct.
circonstance,/, circumstance.
dre, /. wax. ciselé, chiseled, carved.
dvil, m, civilian; en — , in
civilian dress.
dvilisation, /. civilisation, clair, -e, light-colored, clear,
bright (of weather), clairière, /. clearing, opening,
bald spot, clairon, m, clarion, trumpet.
claire-voie, /. lattice work.
clairvoyance, /. clairvoyance,
clear-sightedness.
clairvoyant, clear-sighted,
sharp.
clameur, /. clamor.
classer, class, classify.
classique, classical.
def,/. key.
client, m. customer.
clientèle, /. patronage, class
of customers.
clignement, m. winking, wink.
cliquetis, m, clanking, rat-
tling.
cloche, /. bell.
clocher, m, steeple, bell-tower.
clos, -e, close, clouer, nail.
cocher, m. coachman, driver, cœur, m. heart.
coiffe, /. head-dress.
coiffer, coif wear on the
head.
coin, m, corner, col, m, pass, coUar.
colère, /. anger, wrath.
collaboration,/, collaboration.
coUationer, compare, coUate.
collège, m. municipal collège,
grammar-school, high-school,
see lycée, collet, m. cape, colline, /. hill.
colonie,/, colony.
colorer, color.
colossal, colossal, gigantic.
combat, m. combat, action, combe, /. valley.
combien, how much, how
many.
combinaison, /. combination,
plan, scheme.
combiner, combine, contrive.
combler, overwhelm, fill in.
commandant, m. major {ap-
proxitnately).
commandement, m. com-
mand, authority.
commander, command, order,
speak for; — en second,
to be second in command.
comme, as, as if, like, how, since.
commencer, commence.
comment, excl. whatl adv.
how.
commerce, m. commerce.
commercial, -e, commercial.
commettre, commit.
communication, /. communication {by téléphone or Ulegraph).
communiquer, communicate.
compagne, /. companion; — de jeux, playmate.
compagnie, /. company.
compagnon, m. companion; — de route, traveling-companion, fellow-tra vêler.
comparaison,/, comparison.
comparer, compare.
compartiment, m. compartment.
compensation, /. compensation; en — de, in return for.
complètement, completely, fuUy.
compléter, complète, supplément.
complicité,/, complicity, participation.
composer, 'compose, make up.
c<Hnprendre, understand, comprehend.
compromis, m, compromise.
compte, m. account; à notre — , for us ; rendre — , verif y , see, render an account; tenir — , keep account of, pay attention to.
compter, count, count upon,
expect.
comte, m. count.
concession, /. concession,
weakness, yielding.
concierge, m. porter, janitor.
conclure, conclude.
condamnation, /. condemna-
tion.
condamner, condemn.
condition, /. condition, conduire, conduct, lead, take.
conduite,/, conduct, running;
faire la — , act as escort.
confiance, /. confidence, trust.
confidence, /. confidence, secret.
confident, m. confidant.
confier, confide, entrust. conforme, conformable.
confort, m. comfort.
confortable, comf or table.
confusément, confusedly,
dimly.
congé, m. leave of absence.
connaissance, /. acquaint-
ance.
connidtre, know, beacquainted
with, leam.
conquérant, m. conqueror.
conquérir, conquer.
conquête,/, conquest.
consacrer, consecrate, dedi-
cate.
conscience,/, conscience.
conseil, m. counsel, advice,
ad viser.
conseiller, m. counselor.
conseiller, counsel, advise.
consentement, m. consent,
VOCABULARY
consentir, consent.
conserver, préserve, keep, retain.
considérablement, consîderably, very materîally.
considérer, consîder, study.
consister à, consist in.
constanixnent, constantly.
constater, verify, ascertain.
construite, constructed.
consulter, consult.
contempler, contemplate.
contenance, /. countenance, bearîng, face.
content, pleased, happy.
continuation, /. continuation.
continuer, continue.
contourner, go around, circle.
contracter, convulsé, contract.
contradiction, /. contradiction, opposition.
contraindre, constrain.
contrainte,/, constrain t.
contraire, m. opposite; au — , on the contrary, quite the contrary.
contrairement, contrary.
contrarier, go counter to, thwart, oppose.
contrat, m. contract.
contravention, /. infraction {of law).
contre, agaînst, upon, to, in return for.
contrebandier, m, smuggler.
contrée, /. country, région.
contrefort, m. buttress.
contremaître, m. foreman.
contrevent^ m. blind, shutter.
convenir, fit, suit, agrée upon.
convention, /. conventional-
ity.
conversation,/, conversation, conviction, /. conviction.
convive, m, guest (at table), coque, /. shell, knot, bow.
cordialité, /. cordiality.
cordon, m. cord.
corolle, /. corolla.
corporel, -le, corporeal, bodily.
corps, m, body, form, corps,
army.
correction, /. correctness,
fastidiousness.
corridor, m, corridor, hall, corsage, m. corsage, body of
a dress, waist.
costume, m. costume; — de
marche, walking costume;
— de chasse, hunting
costume, côte, /. rib, sîde; — à — , side
by side.
côté, m, side, characteristic,
part; du — de, from, in
the direction of , on the side
of.
côtoyer, skirt, nm alongside.
cou, m. neck.
coucher, set, lie, lay down,
put to bed; se — , go to bed.
coucou, m, cuckoo, cuckoo
clock.
coude, m, elbow.
coudre, sew.
coulant, flowing, gliding, easy.
couler, slip, glîde, flow, slide.
couleur, /. color.
couloir, m, passage way, hall.
VOCABULARY
conp, m. blow, shot, stroke;
— d'oeil, gUÎnce; tout à —,
suddenly; — de feu, shot.
coupable, culpable, guilty. coupe, /. cup; tutting; — de
bois, timber lot.
coupé, m. coupé, brougham.
couper, eut; — au plus court,
eut short, take as short a
eut as possible, cour, /. eourt, eourtyard.
courant, m. eurrent, run,
working; mettre au — , in-
form, explain.
courbe, /. eurve.
courber, eurve, bend.
coureur,/, nmner, travder.
courir, run, hasten, travel.
couronne, /. erown, wreath.
courrier, m. mail.
course, /. trip, run; prendre
ta — , start on the run,
make à run for it.
court, -e, short.
coûter, cost; en — , eost an
effort, be painful.
coutume, /. eustom; de — ,
usual.
couvent, m. eonvent.
couvert, m, eover.
couverture, /. lap robe,
blanket.
couvrir, eover.
craindre, fear.
crainte, /. fear.
crayon, m. pencil.
crête, /. erest.
creuser, groove, deepen,
make, form.
cri, m. cry.
crier, ery out, cruneh, creak.
crise, /. erisis, attack; moment de — , crucial moment.
crisper, set, work, clench.
cristal, m. crystal.
crochet, m. hook, latch.
croire, believe, think; croismoi, corne now.
croiser, meet, fold; cross.
crosse, /. crozier (of biskops).
croupe,/, brow (ofahill).
cruauté,/, eruelty.
cueillir, coUect, gather.
cuir, fff. leather.
cuirassier, m. cuirassier, cavahryman wearing breastplate or cuirass.
cuivre, m. copper.
curieusement, curiously, inquisitively.
curieu -X, -se, curious, interesting.
curiosité,/, curîosity.
damier, m, checker-board.
danger, m, danger.
dangereu-z, -se, dangerous.
dans, in, into, within, among,
on, through, to, from.
danser, danee; faire — , dance
with.
date, /. date, dater, date, dauphin, m. dolphin.
davantage, more, further;
pas — , neither.
de, of, from, by, with, to, in,
VOCABULARY
for, about, suitable to, something of .
débordant, overflowing, projecting.
déboucher, corne out.
debout, erect, standing.
déboutonné, unbuttoned.
déception, /. déception, dîsappointment.
déchet, m, loss, waste.
décider, dedde (upon), induce, détermine; — (de), décide conceming, settie, détermine.
décisi-f , -ve, décisive.
décision,/, décision, décisiveness, firmness; — à prendre, décision to make.
déclarer, déclare; se — , set in, develop. •
décorateur, decorator, painter.
découper, eut up.
découvert, discovered; à — , openly.
découvrir, discover, uncover; se — , disclose one's self, step f orth, imcover, doff the hat.
dédain, m. disdain«
déesse, /. goddess.
défaillance, /. f ainting fit.
défaut, m. failing, default, lack; faire — , be lacking.
défendre, défend, forbid.
déférence, /. déférence, regard.
déférent, -e, def erential.
défi, m, défiance, challenge.
défiance, /. distrust.
4éfiant, disjtrustf ul.
défier, distrust, définitivement, definitively.
dégager, to set free; se — , be
evolved, issue, stand forth,
appear plainly.
degré, m, degree, step.
déguiser, disguise, dehors, without, outside; en
— (de), outside, outward.
déjà, already.
déjeuner, m. breakfast, lun-
cheon.
déjeuner, breakfast, take
lunch, delà, beyond, farther than;
au — de, on the other side
of.
délaissé, abandoned, de-
serted.
délateur, m. spy, informer, délibéré, deliberate.
délicieusement, deliciously,
delightfully.
délideu-z, -se, delicious,^ de-
Ughtful.
délire, m, delirium.
délit, m. crime, demain, to-morrow. demande, /. request.
demander, ask; se — , won-
der.
démarche,/, step, overture.
démasquer (se), unmask,
appear.
démentir, beUe.
démesurément, beyond meas-
ure, excessively.
demeure, /. dweUing.
demeurer, remain, dwell,
cqntinuQ.
VOCABULARY
demi, -e, half ; huit heures et
demie, half past eight; à
—, half.
demi-heure, /. half hour.
demi-jour, m. half llght, dim
Ught.
demi-minute, /. half minute.
demi-obscurité, /. half dark-
ness.
demi-rêve, /. half illusion, demi-tête, /. half a head.
demi-voix, /. low voice.
démonstration, démonstration, dénégation,/, déniai.
déni, m. déniai, refusai.
dénoncer, denounce, inform
against.
dent, /. tooth.
dentelée, jagged, îndented.
dentelle, /. lace, départ, m. departure.
dépasser, outstrip, overtop,
pass beyond.
dépêche, /. dispatch, tele-
gram.
dépendre de, dépend upon,
be dépendent upon.
dépens, m. pi. expense,
cost.
dépister, throw off the track.
déplacer, displace, move,
turn.
déplaire, displease.
déplaisir, m. displeasure.
déplier, unfold.
dépouiller, despoil, strîp.
depuis, for, since, during,
within; — trente ans, for
the last thirty years; —
quelque temps, some tîme ago.
députation,/. deputation (représentatives from a given section),
député, m. deputy.
déraisonnable, unreasonable.
dernier, dernière, last; il apprendra le — , he will be the last one, etc.
dérober, rob, steal away from, hide from; se — de, flee from, disappoint.
dérouler, unroll, unfurl.
déroute,/, rout, defeat.
derrière, behind, in the rear.
des» de les.
dès, from, since, as early as, this very; — lors que, as soon as, if only ; — que, as soon as.
désaccord, m. disagreement; en — , at variance.
désappointé, disappointed.
désapprobation, /. disapprobation.
désaveu, m. disavowal, déniai.
désavouer, disavow, discrédit, reprimand.
descendante, falling.
descendre, descend, send down, take down, come down, get out.
désert, deserted.
déserter, désert.
déserteur, m, déserter.
désespéré, -e, despairing.
déshonorer, dishonor.
désigner, point out, indicate, appoint.
VOCABULARY
dêsUlttsion, /. disillusîon, dis-
appointment.
désir, m. désire, désirer, désire.
désireux, -euse, desirous.
désobéir, disobey.
désordre, m, disorder, dis-
array.
désonnais, henceforth, from
now on.
dessiner, outline, mark
out.
dessous, beneath, below; en
— , below.
dessus, m, upper part; de — ,
from above.
destinée, /. destiny.
destiner, destine, intend. désuni, -e, disunited.
détacher, detach; se — ,
stand out against.
détail, f». détail.
dételer, unhamess, unyoke.
détendre (se), relax, déterminer, décide, détester, detest.
détour, f». détour, shift, évasion, subterfuge, turn.
détourner, turn aside, deflect;
se — , turn away.
détruire, destroy.
deuil, m. mouming.
deux, two; tous — , both.
deuxième, second.
dévaler, descend, pass down-
ward, through.
devant, before, in front of,
first, in the présence of,
straight ahead; droit — toi,
straight ahead.
développement, m, development, expansion.
devenir, become.
dévier, go astray, wander.
deviner, divine, guess.
dévoiler (se), be unveiled, clear.
devoir, should, must, ought; wUhfoL infin,, hâve to, be expected to, be intended; il a dû arriver, he must hâve arrived; qui devaient quitter, which were to leave; il avait dû, he had been compelled; j'aurais dû, I ought to hâve.
devoir, m, duty.
dévouer (se), dévote one's self.
diable (expletive), the dickensl
diamant, m. diamond.
diamanté, sparkling, beaded.
Dieu, m, God; mon — I dear me.
différent, -e, différent.
différer, differ.
difficile, difficult, hard.
difficilement, hardly.
difficulté,/, difficulty.
digne, worthy, digniûed.
dimanche, f»., Sunday; — des Rameaux, Palm Sunday.
diminuer, diminish, grow small, dim.
diminution, /. diminution.
dîner, m. ^nner.
dîner, dîne.
diplôme, tn, diploma; — d'allemand, diploma as teacher of Gern^an.
VOCABULARY
if say, speak; c^est à — ,
that is to say; ▼ooloir — ,
mean; se — , say toone's
self; dis, isn't it?
directioii, /. management.
directrice, /. directress, prin-
dpal.
dirigé, directed, controlled.
diriger, direct, command,
carry on, conduct; se — ,
make one's way.
discipliné, disdplined.
discussion, /. discussion, discuter, discuss.
disparaître, disappear.
disparate, disparate, incon-
gruous.
diqienser (de), excuse.
disposer, dispose, arrange.
disposition, /. disposition,
arrangements; — d'esprit,
frame of mind.
dissiper (se), dissipate,
scatter.
distance, /. distance, distinguer, distinguish, make
out.
distrait, abstracted.
divers, différent.
divinement, divinely.
diviser, divide, separate.
dix, ten.
diz-sept, seventeen.
doigt, m. finger, finger's
breadth.
domaine, m. domain, estate.
domestique,[ifi. arf, domestic,
servant.
dominateur, dominating,
.arrogant* ••; ^
domination, /. domination,
sway, rule.
dominer, dominate, rule,
conquer, overtop.
donc, therefore, won't you?
just, then, so then, surely.
dmmer, give; — tort, dedde
against; — sur, open upon.
dont, of which, from which,
whose, with which, in
which, for which, of whom. doré, golden.
dorer, gild.
dormir, sleep, lie.
dort, près, of dormir, dos, m. back.
dossier, m. back (0/ a seaf), douanes,/, pi. custom house.
douanier, m. customs officer.
double, double.
doubler, line.
douce, see doux, doucement, softly, in a low
voice.
douceur, /. gentleness, pleas-
antness.
douleur, /. pain, grief, sor-
row.
douleureu-x, -se, painful.
doute, m. doubt; sans — , of
course.
douter (en), doubt; se — de,
suspect.
dour-x, -ce, gentle.
douze, twelve.
douzaine, /. dozen.
drame, m. drama.
drap, m. doth.
dresser, draw up, bring; 50
— > rise (up). __^^
VOCABULARY
droit, straîght, even, erect,
straightforward.
droit, m. law, right.
droite, /. right hand; à — ,
to the right.
drôle, funny, amusing, inter-
esting, strange, odd.
du = de le, of the, from the.
duquel » de lequel, dur, -e, harsh, stiff.
durant, during.
durée, /. duration.
durer, îast, continue, endure.
dureté,/, harshness.
dynastie, /. dynasty, f amily.
eau,/, water.
eau-de-vie,/, brandy, ébauche,/, sketch, outline.
ébouler, bring down; pente
éboulée, landslide.
ébrancher, lop, trim.
ébranler, shake, move; s' — ,
move, get under way.
écaille, /. shell, scale; peigne
d' — , tortoise shell comb.
écarter, remove, thrust aside;
s' — , withdraw, stand aloof.
écartés, far apart.
échancrer, indent, eut low.
échancrure, /. break, notch.
échanger, exchange.
échappé, escaped.
échapper (à), escape from;
s' — , hasten away.
êcharpe, /. scarf .
échéance, /. note due.
éclairer, Ught up.
éclaireur, m, scout.
édat, m. splendor, brilliancy.
éclatant, -e, striking, brU-
liant, éclater, burst, break out,
flash, appear.
éclosion, /. blossoming, open-
ing.
écolier, m. scholar, school-
boy.
écorce, /. bark.
écouler (s*), flow by, pass.
écouter, listen (to); se faire
— , be listened to, compel
attention.
écran, m. screen.
écraser, crush.
écrier (s'), cry out, exclaîm.
écrire, write.
écrouler (s'), crumble, col-
lapse.
écru, unbleached, raw; toile
— e, brown holland (cloth).
écurie, /. stable, éducation,/, éducation, effacer, erase; s' — , efface
one's self, keep in the back-
ground, dîsappear, die out
{of a smile) ; step back.
effarement, m, terror, fright.
effet, m. effect, clothing; —
de service, equipment; en
— , indeed, very true, just
so, in fact.
efflanqué, lean, thin, lank.
effleurer, glance at, pass
lightly over.
effort, m, effort, effrayant, terrif jdng.
effrayé, terrified.
VOCABULARY
cffnycr, teriify.
effroi, iii. fright, ténor, effoskuiy /. efihiâon, effnsive-
ness.
éffà, -e, equalj even.
également, equally, likewîse.
égalité,/, equality.
égard, m. regard, considéra-
tion; à mon — , on my ac-
connt.
égaré, bewfldered, wild.
église,/, chorcfa. égcdSme, m. egoism.
ég<âSte, selfish, egoistic élan, m. start, momentmn.
élancée, taU, siender.
élancer (s'), rush, électrique, electric.
élégance, /. élégance, él^ant, degant, ezquisite.
élève, m. pupil, student.
élevé, -e, adj. devated, lofty.
élever, rear, educate, con-
struct; s' — , rise.
elle, she, it, her.
éloge, m. eulogy, praise.
éloignement, m. remoteness,
removal.
éloigner, remove, send away;
s' — , leave, withdraw, be-
come reserved.
émail, m, enamd, pi. émanx.
embarras, m. embarrassment.
embarrassé, embarrassed.
embellissement, m. embellish-
ment, improvement.
embrasser, embrace, kiss.
embusqué, in ambush.
emmener, take away, take
with one. '
émotion,/, émotion.
émouvoir (s'), be moved,
touched.
emparer, fortify ; s' — de, take
possession of , master.
empêcher, prevent. empire, m. empire; Second
Empire, that of Napoléon
III, 1852-1870; the German
Empire; Premier Empire,
that of Napoléon I.
emplir, fill.
employé, m. employé, work-
man.
employer, employ, spend.
empoisonner, poison.
emporter, carry off, carry
along; s' — , become angry.
empresser, (s') hasten,
crowd.
ému, -e, moved, touched.
en, prep. in, into, at, of,
made of , like.
en, pron. of him, of her, of
them, of it, about it, some,
any.
encadrer, frame in.
enceinte,/, circuit, enclosure.
enchanter, charm, enchant.
endos, m. endosure, yard.
encombrer, encumber, load.
encore, yet, as yet, still
more, again.
encourager, encourage, endormi, asleep.
endormir (s'), go to sleep.
endroit, m. place; à leur —,
about, with regard to them.
énergie, /. energy. énergique, energetic.
VOCABULARY
énerver, enervate, unnerve.
enfance,/. înfancy, childhood.
enfant, m. orf. child, boy, infant.
enfantin, chîldish.
enfer, m, inferno, hell.
enfermer, shut in, inclose,
put in.
enfin, finally, anyhow, in
short.
enfoncer, sink, bury, pull
down; s* — , retreat, dis-
appear, plunge.
enfuir (s'), flee.
engager, urge,engagein;s' — ,
enter upon; s* — dans, bind
one*s self to.
enhardir (s'), grow bold, em-
bolden.
enjambée, /. stride.
enlever, remove, take off,
take away, abduct, run
away with.
ennemi, w., -e, /. enemy. ennui, m, vexation, bored-
ness.
enquête, /. inquest, investigation.
enseigne, /. signboard.
enseigner, teach.
ensemble, together.
ensemble, m. ensemble, mass.
ensevilir, bury.
ensuite, af terward, after that.
entendre, hear, understand;
s' — , understand each other,
one another.
enthousiasme, m, enthusi-
asm.
enthousiaste, çn^husiastic t;
entier, entière, entire.
entièrement, entirely.
entourer, surround.
entraîner, draw, drag, lead, lead away.
entre, among, between.
entrée,/, entrance, entry.
entrer (à), (dans), enter, enter upon.
entretien, m. conversation.
entrevoir, half see, get a glimpse of, perceive.
entr'ouvrir, half-open.
envelopper, envelop, wrap.
envers, toward, with.
enviable, enviable.
envie, /. envy, désire, wish.
environ, about, nearly.
environs, m. pi, environs.
envoyer, send.
épagneul, m. spaniel.
épais, -se, thîck, deep.
épaissir, thicken, grow heavy.
épaisseur, /. thickncss.
épanoui, beamîng.
épanotur, be full-blown, blossom out, broaden, be fully developed.
épanouissement, m. brightening, flowering forth.
épargner, spare.
éparpiller, scatter, disconnect.
épaule, /. shoulder.
éperon, m, spur.
épier, spy upon.
épingle, /. pin, haïr-pin.
éponger, sponge, wipe.
époque, /. epoch, time.
épouser, espouse, marry.
épouvanter, frighten, terrify.
VOCABULARY
épreuve, /. test, trial, proof .
épnuwtXf expérience, f éd.
épiUBer, exhaust.
enant, m. wanderer, tramp.
errer, wander.
erreur,/, error.
escadioa, m. squadron.
escalader, scale.
escafier, m. staircase.
e^ace, m. space.
e^èce, /. spedes, sort.
eqiérer, ezpect, hope.
e^oir, M. hope.
esprit, m. mind, spint, wit,
intellect.
essayer, essay, attempt.
essentiel, essentiaL essoufflé, -e, out of breath,
winded.
est, m. east.
estime, /. esteem, regard, estimer, esteem.
et, and.
établi, settled.
établir, established, make
out, settle; s' — , establish
one's self, settle down.
étage, m, stage, story.
étager, rise in stages,
stories.
étape, /. stopping-place.
état, m. State, state of affairs,
State of health.
état-major, m. staff.
été, m. summer.
étendre, extend, spread out,
stretch out; s* — , expand.
étendue,/, space.
étemel, -le, etemal, peren-
niai.
étoffe, /. stuff , material, doth, gifts, qualifications.
étofle, /. star.
étmmé, -e, astonished.
étoonement, astonishment.
étmmer, astonish; s' — , be astonished.
étouffer, stifle.
étourdi, hasty, thoughtless.
étourdiment, hastily, thougfatlessly.
étrange, strange.
étrsng-er, m., -ère, /. stranger, foreigner.
étrangler, strangle, choke.
être, to be; — à, occupied in, engaged in, bélong to.
être, m. being.
étreignit, prêt, of étreindre, bind, dasp, grip.
étroit, -e, strict, narrow.
étraitesse, /. narrowness.
étude,/, study.
étudiant, m. student.
étudier, study; s* — , study each other.
étui, m. case.
eux, thëy, them, themselves.
évanouir, vamsh;s' — ,swooii.
évanouissement, m. swoon.
évasi-f, -ve, evasive.
évéché, m. bishopric.
éveillé, -e, wide awake.
éveiller, awaken, excite, arouse; s' — , waken.
événement, m. event.
éventail, m. fan.
évéque, m. bishop.
évidemment, evidently, (A course, of course not
VOCABULARY
évincer, evîct, oust.
éviter, avoîd, escape.
évocation, /. évocation, call-
ing forth.
évolution, /. évolution.
évoquer, evoke, call to mind.
exact, correct, exactement, exactly.
exalter, exalt, excite.
examen, m. examination, cross-questioning, scrutiny ; — de sortie, final examination.
examiner, examine.
exaspération, /. exaspération.
exaspéré, -e, exasperated,
sharp, keen.
excellent, -e, excellent, exception,/, exception, excès, m, excess.
excluer (s'), exclude each
other.
exclusivement, exclusively.
excursion, /. excursion, trip.
excuser (s'), excuse one's self.
exécrer, execrate, curse.
exécuter, exécute, put in
practice, carry out.
exemple, m. example, instance.
exercer, exercise, exert; s' — ,
exert one's self, employ.
exercice, m. exercise, exigence, /. claim, demand,
insistence.
exiger, demand.
exil, m, exile.
existence, /. existence, life.
expérience,/, expérience, experiment.
expirer, expire.
explication, /. explanation.
expliquer, explain; s' — , explain, understand, make out.
exploiter, work.
exposer, expose, lay befor'e, endanger, risk.
exprès, intentionally, on purpose.
expressi-f , -ve, expressive.
expression,/, expression.
exprimer, express.
exsangue, bloodless.
extrêmement, extremely.
extrémité, /. extremity, end.
fabrication,/, making, manufacture.
fabuleu~x, -se, fabulons, legendary.
façade, /. façade, side.
face, /. face; en — de, facing, opposite; de — , full in the face; faire — à, to face.
fftcheu-x, -se, annoying, painful.
facile, easy.
facilement, easily.
facilité, /. facility, freedom, ease, opportunity, agility.
façon, /. fashion, way, manner.
factice, factitious, unreal.
fagot, m, fagot, bundle of fagots.
faible, feeble, weak.
faiblement, feebly, weakly.
VOCABUIARY
faiblesse, /. weakness.
f a ïenc e, /. faïence, porcelain; poSe de — ^ eaithenware stove.
faillir, f ail, miss, bardy miss.
faire, make, do, carry ob, take, pack, study; — des affaires, do business; se — , assume, take on; — politiqoe, play politics; se — fflusion, delude one's sdf; à — , to bc done.
faisan, m. pheasant.
fait, M. deed, fact; pas tout à — , not ezactly; toot à — , actually, very.
falaise, /. diff.
falloir, be necessary, ought, shoidd, must; âint-il, must, must not.
familiale, famfly.
famille, /. family.
faner, fade.
fardeau, m. burden, load.
farouche, fierce.
fatale, fateful, fatal.
fataKté, /. fataUty, fate.
fatiguer, fatigue, weary, tire.
faute, /. fault.
fauteuil, m. easy chair, armchair; — à oreilles, armchair with sîde head-rests.
fauve, tawny.
faveur, /. f avor.
favoris, m. pi. side whiskers.
fécond, fecund, inventive, fruitful.
fécondité,/, fniitfulness.
feindre, feign, prétend.
fêlée, cracked, broken.
féliciter (se), congratulate
one's self, femme,/, woman, wife.
fenêtre,/, window.
fente,/, crack, gap. féodal, fi. féodaux, feudal.
fer, m. iron; chemin de — ,
railroad.
ferme, firm.
ferme, /. thing leased, farm,
f arm buildings, f armhouse.
fermer, close.
fervent, -e, fervent, religious.
ferveur, /. f ervor.
fête, /. feast, festival, picnic;
en — , elated, full of de-
light; jour de — , holiday.
feu, m. fire; coup de — , shot.
feuillage, m. foliage.
feuille, /. leaf .
feutre, m. felt hat.
février, m. February.
fiacre, m. cab.
fiançailles, /. pi. betrothal.
fiancé, -e, m. betrothed.
Fidèle, prop. noun Fido; adj.
faithful.
fier, trust; se — à, hâve faith
in, trust, fi-er, -ère, proud.
fierté, /. pride.
fièvre, /. f ever.
figure, /. face, figure; faire
une — , make a fuss or
