en ffdvétie, in

1. 20. guerre pénible de Suisse, "Cette campagne, qu'il termina d'une manière si brillante, prouva que Masséna possédait tous les talents d*un général en chef." (Beauchamp.)

1. 44. le personnel s the body, the staff. "Masséna se plaignait de n'avoir ni les magasins, ni les moyens de transport indispensables pour faire vivre son armée dans des pays stériles et d'un accès extrêmement difficile."

i*. ai, 1. 19. Rastadt, The three French plenipotentiaries, Jean Debiy, Roberjot and Bonnier were murdered on the sSth of April, 1799, at Rastadt, a small town of western Germany, in Baden.

dindignationj from a sensé of indignation; ^/^has hère the force of the Latin préposition de,

L 20. Marie-Joseph Chénier (1764— 181 1), brother of André; see above. Besides several tragédies, he composed a number of lyrics suggested by the events of the Révolution. The ode entitled Le Chant du Départ is the best known.

1. ««. Nicolas Louis François de Neufchâteau (1750 — i8a8) was successively a member of the Législative assembly, minister of the Interior, and senator and count under the Empire.

L 33. au Conservatoire. Th-Q Conservatoire de musi^it de déclama^

iion was established in November, 1793» under the title of Institut /National de Musique,

1. 35. combat de Saint-Gothard (August, 1798). Battle of Zurich (Aug. «6, 1799), Zurich (L. Turicum, Tigurum, Duregum)^ atownand canton m Switzeriand. Massëna's victory there gaîned over the Austro- Russian anny prevented France from being invaded on that sîde.

P. 32, 1. a. du Vatican ou de Florence, The ApoUo Belvédère, the work of the Ephesian sculptor Agasias, was purchased bj Pope Julius IL and is now in the Belvédère of the Vatican, at Rome. The Venus de Medici, by Cleomenes of Athens, is now at Florence whither it was conveyed about the year i68a The Diana mentioned a little further on forms likewise part of the Vatican treasures. AU thèse works of art, sent over to France by virtue of the treaty of Tolentino (1797) were retumed in 181 5 to the several muséums and collections of which they originally formed a part.

Lu. les événements du 18 Brumaire; see above, note to p. 20, L i. The eo%^ d'état of Brumaire led to the establishment of the consulate.

L 14. Auguste François Creuzéde Lesser (1771 — 1839), a writer of second-rate ment. Held several political situations under the Ëmpise and the Restoration.

Pierre Yves Barré (1749 — 1832). Founded (1792) the théâtre of the Vaudeville and composed a great number of lig^t plays.

Jean François Théodore Goulard^ died about Uie yeax 1830, leavîng some réputation as an author of Vaudevilles.

1. 16. Anne, better known as Ninon de Lenclos (1615—1705), a Parisian lady celebrated for her wit, her beauty and her conversational powers.