I TO

changer, to change, to alter; changer de nom, to change ones name chanoine, m., canon chanson, f., song; chansons,

yiciisense chant, m., singing, song, crowing chanter, to sing, to warble, to

crû7C', to celebrate, to praise chanteu-r, m., f. -se, cantatrice, singer chanvre, m., hemp chapeau, m., hat, bonnet ; chapeau bas ! hats off!

chapelle, f., chapel chapitre, m., chapter chaque, adj., each, every char, m., car, chariot charbon, m., coal ; charbon de boi.ï, charcoal; charbon de terre, pit-coal chardon, m., thistle charge, f., load, burden, office,

shot chargement, m., cargo, load charger, to load, to burden, to

entrust, to cornmission se charger, to burden one's self,

to undertake chariot, m., waggon, chariot charitable, benevolent charité, f., charity, alms; demander la charité, to beg charmant, -e, charming, delightful charme, m., charm, spell, yokeelm charmé, dtlighted charmer, to charm, to delight charpentier, m., carpenter charrue, f., plough ; garçon, valet de charrue, ploughboy ; soc de charrue, ploughshare chasse, f., chase, pursuit, hunting, sporting, shooting chasser, to chase, to drive away, to pursue, to dismiss, to hunt, to shoot chasseur, m,, hunter, huntsman,

sportsman chat, chatte, cat ; à bon chat bon rat, tit for tat

châtaigne, f., chestnut châtain, chestnut, auburn château, m., castle, palace, seat châtiment, m., chastisement chaton, m., kitten, catkin chaud, -e, hct, warm, hasty ;

avoir chaud, to be warm chaudière, f., copper, boiler chaudron, m., kettle chauffer, to heat, to warm se chauffer, to warm one's self chaumière, f., cottage (tkatchedi chausse, f., stocking, hose chaussé, P. P. ; être bien chaussé, to have oti shoes, boots, that fit well chaussée, f., bank, cansccuay, road; rez-de-c'ha.vissée, groundfloor se chausser, to put on one's shoes,

boots, or stocki)tgs chaussure, f., shoes, boots (collective) chauve, bald chef, m., chief, head, leader,

principal chef-d'œuvre, m., masterpiece,

standard work chef-lieu, m., chief to7vn chemin, m., way, road, path; grand chemin, highway; en chemin, by cr on the way; chemin faisant, by the way ; faire son chemin, to rnake one s way ; passer S'>n chemin, to go along, to go one' s ivay chemin de fer, m., railway cheminée, f., chimney, fire-place,

Vian tel- piece cheminer, to go along, to progress chemise, f., shirt, shift; chemise blanche, clean shirt chêne, m., oak, oak-tree chenet, xn., fire-dog Cher, chère, adj., dear Cher, adv., dearly, dear; vous me le faites trop cher, you ask too much, fer it ; il fait cher vivre à Londre?, living is expensive in London chercher, to search, to seek, to look for, to try ; aller chercher,

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

to go for, to go and fetch ; venir chercher, to come for ; envoyer chercher, to send

/'"■ chère, f., clicer. Jure ; faire

bonne chère, to fare will ;

faire maigre chère, to have poor

fare Chèrement, dearly chéri, -e, bcloz'ed, cherished chérir, to chcHsh, to love cherté, f., dearness chéti-f, -ve, mean, pitiful, thin cheval, m. (pi. chevaux), herse ;

à cheval, o>i horseback ; aller,

monter à cheval, to ride, to

ride on horseback chevalier, m., knight; créer,

faire chevalier, to knight chevelure, f., (collective) head,

head cf hair chevet, m., bolster, pillow, head ;

épée de chevet, hobby, trusty

friend cheveu, m., hair ; cheveux, pi.,

the hair [of the human head) chèvre, f., she-goat chevreau, m., kid chevreuil, m., roebuck chez, at, in, to the house or

business place of ; among,

with ; chez moi, eU my house,

at home; chez mon oncle, at

my uncles ; chez le boulanger,

at the baker's (shop) ; chez les

Romain?, among the Komans ;

j'ai un chez moi, / have a

house of my own chien, m. (chienne, f.), dog chiffon, m,, rag, scrap chiffonner, to crumple, to ruffle chiffre, Ta., figure, cipher, sum chiffrer, to cipher chimérique, fanciful chimie,/., chanistry chimique, chemical chirurgien, m., surgeon chœur, m., choir, chorus choir (Fut. cherrai), to fall

(f>bsolete) choisi, -e, choice, select choisir, to choose, to select

choix, ni., choice, selection

chômage, m., stoppage of work

chômer, to stand still, not to -work, to keep (as a holiday)

choquant, -e, shocking, offensive

choquer, to shock, to offend

Chose, f., thing ; chose qui va sans dire, matter of course ; peu de chose, trifie, trifling matter ; quelque chose, m., somethings anything

chou (choux), m., cabbage

chrétien, -ne, Christian

chuchoter, io whisper

chut, hush !

chute, f.,fall, failure, decay

ci (ici), here, this; ci-après, hereafter ; ci-dessous, underfieath, hereafter ; ci-dei-sus, above ; ci-devanf, hitherto, formerly

ciel, m. (pi. cieux), heaven, sky ; pi. ciels [of beds), tester

cierge, m., 'vax taper or candie

cigale, f., grasshopper

cigogne, f., stork

cil, m., eye- la s h

cime, f., tcp, summit

ciment, m., cernent

cimenter, io cement

cimeterre, m., scimitar, sword

cimetière, m., burying-ground, churchyard

cingler, Io sail, to lash

cinq, five ; venez le cinq, come on the ^/h ; Henri Cinq, Henry the Fifth

cinquante, fifty

cinquième, fifth

circonstance, f., circumstame

cire, f. , wax ; cire à cacheter, sealing-wax

ciseau, m., chisel

ciseaux, m. pi., scissors, shears

cité, f., city

citer, to summon, to qtiote, to mention

citoyen, -ne, citizen

citron, m., citron, lemon

citrouille, f., pumpkin

civet, m., hare-ragout

civil, -e, civil, polite

civilexaent, civilly

civilisé, -e, P. P., civilised

civiliser, to civilise

civilité, f., civility

claie, f., hurdle, screen

clair, -e, adj., clear, bright, light ;

faire clair, to be light clair, m,, light ; clair de lune,

moonlight clairement, clearly clameur, f., clamour, outcry clarté, f., clearness, brightness classe, f., class, form, classroom, school-time ; rentrée des

classes, reopening of the

classes clef, clé, f., key ; fermer à clé,

to lock ; mettre, tenir sous clé,

to lock tip clientelle, i., practice, custom cligner, to wink climat, m., climate clin d'œil, twinkling of an eye,

trice cloche, f., bell clocher, m., steeple, belfry clos, -e (P. P. of clore), closed,

shut Clou, m. , nail {?netallic), stud,

boil, clove; clou de girofle,

clove clouer, to nail, to confine cocher, m., coachman, driver cochère, f.; porte cochère,

carriage gate cochon, m., hog, pig, swine coeur, m., heart, jnind, spirit,

courage, depth, core ; avoir mal

au coeur, to be sick ; à contre

cœur, reluctantly ; au cœur de

l'hiver, in the depth oj winter ;

par cœur, by heart coffre, m., chest, trunk coffret, m., casket .

cognée, f., axe, hatchet coiffer, to put on one s head, to

dress the hair of, to infatuate ;

être bien coiffé, to have one s

hair well dressed, to havt a hat

that fits well se coiffer, to wear, to dress one's

hair

coiffeur, -se, hair-dresser

coiffure, f., head-dress, manner of dressing the hair

coin, m., corner, wedge, starnp ; au coin du feu, by the fi^-eside

col, m., neck, stock, collar

colère, f. , anger, passion; en colère, angry, in a passion ; mettre en colère, to make angry ; se mettre en colère, to get angry

collation, f., refreshment, tiieal

college, m., college, grammarschool

collègue, m., colleague

collier, m., necklace, ring

colline, f., hill, hillock

colloque, m., colloquy, dialogue

colombe, f., do7)e

combat, m., fight, battle, combat ; fort du combat, thick of the fight ; mettre hors de combat, to disable

combattant, m., fighting man

combattre, to fight, to contend with, to strive against

combien, ho7u much, how many, how long, how far ; combien y a-t-il ? (time) how long is it? (distance) how far is it?

combinaison, f., coiiibination

comble, m., completion, height; au comble, complete, to the full, at the height of; de fond en comble, f!-07n top to bottom, utterly; pour comble de, to complete, to crown

combler, to heap, to fill, to complete, to load, to oveiivhelm

conibustible, va., fuel, firing

conxestible, m., eatable; pi., provisions, victuals

comète, f., comet

commande, f., order

commandement, m., command, commandment

commander, to command, to order

comme) as, like, nearly, as if, ho7v ; faites comme moi, do like me ; comme il court '. how

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY

he runs ! comme cela, so, so so,

commencement, m., be^intting

commencer, to begin

comment, /io7L', what, why; comment cela ? ho^u is that ?

ho7v so / comment cela se faitil? //cTc is it? comment appelle-t-on cela? what do ihfy call that ?

commerçant, m., trader, tradesma n

commerce, m., commerce, trade, i'ltsiruss, intercourse ; faire du commerce, to do business

commère, f., gossip, godmother

commettre, to comtnit, to entrust

commissaire, m., commissary, com»ii:sioner

commission, f., commission, errand

commissionnaire, m., porter, trrand-porter, agent

commode, commodious, convenient, comfortable, handy

commodité, f., convenience, accoiyiniodalion, comfort

commun, -e, common, 7'ulgar

communément, commonly

communiquer, to communicate, to convey, to imparl

compagne, f. of compagnon, companion, wife

compagnie, f., company, society

compagnon, m., companion, mate

comparaison, f., comparison

comparaître, to appear

comparer, to compare

compatriote, fellow-couiitrymati or countrywoman

compère, m,, godfather, fellow, C7vny

complainte, f., complaint, ballad, w ai lift g

complaire, to please, to humour

se complaire, to delight {in)

complaisance, f., complacency, kindness ; avoir de la complaisance pour, to be kind to; avoir la complaisance de, to be kind enough to

complaisant, -e, obliging

compl-et, -ète, complete, full

compléter, to complete

compliment, m., compliment ; mes compliments affectueux à, 7iiy kind rrgards to ; faire ses compliments, to give one's compliments

complimenter, to congratulate

se comporter, to behave

se composer, to be cotnposed, to consist {of)

comprenant, understanding, including

comprendre, to comprehend, to understand, to include ; se faire comprendre, to make ones self undtrstocd

compris, -e (P. P. of comprendre), understood, included

compromettre, to compromise, to expose, to implicate

se compronaettre, to commit one s self

comptant, (of money) ready, cash

compte, m., account, reckoning, mimber, rate; au bout du compte, after all ; faire compte, to pay attentioji, to notice; il ne fit pas grand compte, he did not pay great attention

compter, to count, to consider, to expect, to intend, to depend

comptoir, m., counter, bar, office

comte, m., count, earl ; comtesse, f., counters

comté, m., earldom, county

concernant, prep., concerning

concerner, to concern, to relate

concevoir, to conceive, to under stand, to 7uord

concilier, to conciliate

concitoyen, -we, fellow-citizen

concluant, -e, conclusive

conclure, to conclude, to infer

concorder, to agree

concourir, to concur, 'i co-operate, to compete

concours, m., concourse, cooperation, corr petition

conçu (P. P. of concevoir),

conceived, expressed, couched concurrence, f., competition condamnation, f., condemnation condamner, to condemn, to convict condescendre, to condescend condition, f., condition, rank,

sendee, terms ; à or sous condition que, on condition that,

proznded conduc-teur, -trice, conductor,

guide, manager, guard conduire, to conduct, to lead, to

take, to drive se conduire, to behave conduit, m., pipe, conduit tube conduite, f., behaviour, manage-

vient, direction confectionner, to make conférer, to confer, to bestcnu confesser, to confess, to 07vn confiance, f., confidence, trust,

presumption confiant, -e, confident, confiding confidence, f., confidence, secrecy ;

faire une confidence, to tell a

secret confident, -e, confidant confier, to confide, to entrust confiner, to confine, to shut up confirmer, to confirm confondre, to confound, to mix se confondre, to be confounded,

to mingle, to become confused,

to be lost (in apologies) conforme, conformable conformément à, conformably to confort, ni., comfort confortable, comfortable ; peu

confortable, uncotnfortable confus, -e, confused, cj-est fallen confusément, confusedly congé, m., Iea7>e, discharge, notice,

-varning, holiday, furlough ;

prendre congé, to take leave;

donner congé, to give warning,

to give a holidny congédier, to discharge, to dismiss conjurer, to conjure, to conspire connais (je), 1 know connaissais (je), 1 ktiew

connaissance, f . , kiio'vledge, acquaintance, senses ; pi., learning, acquirements

connaître (connaissant, connu ; je connais, je connus), to knaiv, to be acquainted with ; faire connaître, to make known ; se faire connaître, to make one's self ktioivn, to become knozvn ; se connaître à, en, to understand, to be a good judge of

connu, -e (P. P. of connaître), knoion

conquérant, m., conqueror

conquérir (conquérant, conquis ; je conquiers, je conquis), to conquer

conquête, f., conquest

consacrer, to consecrate, to de vote

conscience, f., conscience, consciousniss

conscrit, m., cottscript, freshman, raw recruit

conseil, m., advice, counsel, council ; suivre le conseil de, to take the advice of

conseiller, to advise, to counsel

consentement, m., consent

consentir, to consent

coDseqiiemment, consequently

conséquent, a\., consequent ; j)ar conséqneixt, consequently, therefore

conservation, f., prese/fation

conserver, to preserve, to keep

considération, f., consideration, regard, esteem

considérer, to consider

consister, to consist

consoler, to console, to comjort

consommer, to consume, to use

conspirer, to conspire, to concur

constamment, witli, constancy, constantly, ahvays

constater, to ascertain, to prove

consterner, to dismay

constituer, to constitute

construction, f., building, making

construire, to construct, to build, to construe

ALrHABETlCAL VOCABULARY.

consulter, to consult cousamer, to consume, to dcz'our conte, m., tale, story contenxpler, to contemplate, to

be ':.''. S contemporain, -e, contemporary contenir, to contain, to check se contenir, to restrain one s self content, -e, satisfied, pleased contenter, to satisfy, to please se contenter, to be satisfied contenu, -e (P. P. of contenir),

contained contenu, m., con'ents conter, to relate, to tell contient (il), it contains contig:u, -ë, adjoining continuel, -le, continual, con-

s tan:

continuellement, continually continuer, !o continue, to go on contraigrnais (je), I compelled contraindre, to compel contraire, adj., contrary contraire, m., contrary; au

contraire, on the contrary contrarier, to contradict, to vex contrariété, f., vexation, annoyance contrat, m., deed, agreement contre, adv. and prep., against,

contrary to contredire, to contradict contredit, m , reply, rejoinder ; sans contredit, unqtiestionably contrée, f., country, region contrefaire, to couiiterfeit, to forge, to imitate, to mimic, to disguise, to disfigure, to pirate contre-maître, foi'eman contre-sens, m., wrong sense contribuer, to contribute contrôle, m., control, stamp contrôler, to control, to stamp convaincre, to convince, to convict convenable, proper, fit, suitable, able, expedient, seasonable ; peu convenable, improper, unfit convenablement, properly convenance, f., suitableness, fitness, propriety

convenir, to agree, to acknowledge, to suit

se convenir, to suit each other

conversation, f., conversation, talk; lier conversation, to enter into conversation

converser, to converse, to talk

convertir, to convert, to turn

convient (il), it suits or becomes

convier, to invite, to incite

convive, guest

convoi, m., funeral, convoy, train

copier, to copy

coq, m., cock

coquin, m., rogue, rascal

cor, m., corn, horn; cor de chasse, French horn ; dormer du cor, to bloiv a horn

corbeau, m,, croio, raven

corbeille, f., basket, wedding presents

corde, f., string, cord, rope, halter

cordonnier, m., shoemaker

corne, f., horn

cornette, f., mob-cap

corps. 111., body, frame

correspondance, f., co7Tespondeiice, intercourse

corriger, to correct, to amend

cor-onapre, to corrupt, to taint, to spoil, to bnbe, to fester

corrupteur, m., corrupter, briber

corsaire, xn., privateer, captain of a privateer

cortege, m., retinue, train

costume, m., costume, dress

côte, f., rib, hill, coast ; à micôte, halfway up the hill

côté, m., side, way, t/uarter, part ; à côté, by, near ; de côté, sidewise; de côté et d'autre, on ail siiles ; de quel côté ? which way? de ce côté-ci, this way ; de ce côté-là, that way ; des deux côtés, on both sides; de l'autre côté, on the other side, over the way ; de mon côté, on my pari ; de tous côtés, in all directions, from all quarters

coteau, ra., hillock, hill

cotillon, m., petticoat

coton, m., cotton, down

cou, m., neck ; se jeter au cou de, to fall on one's neck

couchant, m., west, decline

couche, f., bed, cotich, layer, coating

se coucher, to lie down, to go te bid, to set {of the sun)

coucheti-r, -se, bedfellow

coucou, m., cnckoo, cuckoo clock

coude, m., elbow, turn, angle

coudre (cousant, cousu ; je couds, je cousis), to seiv, to stitch

couler, to flow, to run, to stream, to glide, to cast, to si7ik, to leak

couleur, f., colour

coup,m., blow, stroke, knock, slap; coup d'essai, trial ; coup de feu, shot ; coup de fouet, lash ; coup d'œil, glance ; coup de poing, cuf^, tnump ; à coup sûr, to a certainty ; après coup, too late, aftei'jjards ; coup sur coup, one after another ; encore un coup, once more; tout à coup, suddenly; tout d'un coup, at once, without itita-ruption ; tirer un coup, to fire a shot

coupable, guilty, culpable

coupe, f., cutting, cut, cup

couper, to cut, to cut off

coupeu-r, -se, cutter

couple, f., catiple, brace

couple, m., couple, pair

cour, f., yard, court, courtship ; basse cour, poultry-yard, backyard ; faire la cour à, to court

courage, m., courat^e, heart, gallantry, mettle, spirit

courageusement, courageously

courageu x, -se, courageous, spirited, industrious

couramment, off-hand, fluently

courant, -e, adj., running, flowing, current, present, instant

courant, m., stream, current, course, present month ; votre lettre du 8 courant, your letter of the Sth instant ; courant d'air, draught ; être \u courant de, to be aware of, tn be acquainted (conversant) wick ; se mettre

au courant de, to acquaint one" s self with ; tenir au courant, to inform of events as they progress

courber, to bend, to bow, to curve, to crook

courir (courant, couru ; je cours, je courus, je courrai), to run, to circulate ; le bruit court, tha-e is a report ; par le temps qui court, as times go

couronne, f., crozun

couronnement, m., coronatioft

couronner, to crown

courrier, m., courrier, post-boy, messenger, mail, post ; par le retour du courrier, by return of pitst ; faire son courrier, to write one's letters

courroux, m., anger, wrath

cours, m., course, flow, walk, progress, market-price ; faire un cours, to give a lecture

course, f. , run, race, course, ride, inroad ; faire des courses, to make calls (on busittess)

coursier, m., courser, steed

court, -e, adj., short, limited

court, adv., short ; tout court, short, bluntly ; couper court à, to cut short

courtier, m., broker

courtisan, m., courtier

cousin, -e, cousin ; cousin germain, first cousin

coussin, coussinet, m., cushion, bolster

cousu, -e (P. P. of coudre), seived, stitched

couteau, ni., knife ; couteau de chasse, hunting-knife

coûter, to cost

coûteu-x, -se, expensive, costly

coutume, f., custom, habit; de coutume, usually

couvée, f., nest of eggs, covey, brood

couvent, m., convent, monastery

couvercle, m., cover, lid

couvert, m., cloth, spoon and fork; shelter; lodging, shady place, cover ; à couvert, under

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY,

shelter ; mettre le couvert, to lay the cloth ; mettre à couvert, to shelter, to screen convert, -e (P. P. of couvrir),

covered, overcast couverture, f., cover, covering,

•<crapper, blanket, roof couvrir (cou\Tant, couvert ; je

couvre, je couvris), to cover, Co

shelter se couvrir, to cover one's self, to

put one's hat on craignant, Pr. P. of craindre craindre (craignant, craint ; je

crains, je craignis), to fear, to

dread ; je crains qu'il ne vienne,

I far he will come crainte, f., fear, dread, awe ; de

crainte de, for fear of ; de

crainte que ne (with the Subj.),

for fear, lest crainti-f, --ve, fearfitl, timorous se cramponner, to cling crayon, m., pencil, ci'ayon créancier, m., creditor créateur, m., f. créatrice, creator, maker créature, f^ créature, tool crédit, m. , credit, repute, influence,

patronage créer, to create, to make, to found creuser, to dig, to hollow, to scoop,

to dive into creux, m., hollow, pit creu -X, -se, hollow, deep, empty crevasse, f., crevice, chink cri, m., cry, shout, scream, da-

frumr crier, to cry, to shriek, to shout, to

clamour, to creak crime, m., crime, guilt criminel, -le, criminal, guilty crin, m., hair {of animals).

C imp. cheveu crist-al, -aux, m., crystal, glass crystallin, -e, crystalline, clear as

crystal croc, m., hook, tusk, tooth, fang crochet, m., hook, clasp croire (croyant, cru ; je crois, je crus), to believe, to trust to, to think ; à l'en croire, if he is to

be believed ; je crois que oui, / believe so ; je crois que non, / believe not croître (croissant, crû ; je crois, je crûs), to grow, to increase, to swell, to rise croix, f., cross crotte, f., dirt, mud crotté, -e, dirty ; il fait crotté,

it !s dirty croulant, falling, crumbling croyance, f., belief, persuasion croyant (Pr. P. of croire), believing cru (P. P. of croire), believed crû (P. P. of croître), grown cru, -e, ra7i', crude, rough, bare cruauté, f. , cruelty cruche, f., pitcher, jug, jar cruel, -le, cruel, painful crus (I'ret. of croire), believed cueillir, to gather, pluck, cull cuillère, f , spoon cuir, ni., hide, leather cuirasse, f., breast-plate cuire (cuisant, cuit ; je cuis, je

cuisis), to cook, to roast, to bake,

to boil ; faire cuire, to cook, to

dress cuisant, -e, smarting, severe cuisine, f., kitchen, cooking cuisinier, cuisinière, cook cuisse, f., thigh, leg cuit, -e (P. P. of cuire), cooked,

baked, done cuivre, m., copper culotte, f., breeches culte, ni., worship, religion cultivateur, m., husbandman,

farmer cultiver, to ctiltivate, to till culture, f., culture, cultivation curieu-x, -se, curious, inquisitive,

desirous ; être curieuxdesavoir,

to zuonder curiosité, f., curiosity, inqui-

sitiveness

d' for de, before a vowel 01 b

mute oui da, yes, indeed

d'abord, at first, first

daigner, to deign

d'ailletirs, besides

Damas, Damascus

damas, m., damask, damson, blade

damasser, to damask

dame, f., lady

danger, m., danger, peril

dangereu-x, -se, dangerous

dans, in, into, within, with

danser, to dance

date, f., date

davantage, more, most de, prep., of, froin, in, with, by dé, m., thimble, die débarquer, to land, to disembark se débarrasser, to get rid of, to

shake off débiter, to sell, to utter se débiter, to be uttered débordemient, m., overflow, fiood déborder, to overflow, to run over debout, on end, standing, up débris, m., reinains, lureck début, m., beginning, first appea7-an€e; faire son début, to make ofte's first appearance deçà, prep, aud adv., on this side

décadence, f., decay, decline

décamper, to decamp, to run ati'ay

décéder, to die, to decease

décerner, to adjtuige, to award

décès, m., death, demise

décevoir, to deceive

décharge, f., unloading, discharge

décharger, to unload, to relieve, to give vent, to fire off, to empty

déchiffrer, to decipher

déchirer, to tear, to rend, to revile, to mangle

déchoir (déchéant, déchu ; je déchois, je déchus, je décherrai), to fall, to sink, to forfeit, to lose

déchu, -e, fallen, decayed

décider, lo decide, to persuade

se décider, to make up one''s mind

déclamer, to declaim, to spout

déclarer, to declare, to proclaim déclin, m., decline, decay décommander, to countermand déconcerter, to disconcert, to

baffle décorer, to decorate, to adorn découper, to cttt out, to carve découragement, m., despondency,

dejection décourager, to dishearten découvert, -e (P. P. of découvrir), tincovered , discovered, open découverte, f., discovery découvrir, to uncover, to discovei-,

to disclose se découvrir, to uncover one's

self, to take off one's hat décret, m., decree décrire, to describe décroître, to decrease déçu (P. P. of décevoir), deceived dédaigner, to scorn, to disdain dédain, m., scorn, disdain dedans, adv., in, within ; au

dedans et au dehor-, at home

and abroad dédommagement, m., compen

satton dédommager, to indemnify déduire, to deduct, to infer défaire, to undo, to unmake, to

ttntie, to defeat se défaire, to get loose, to get rid

(of) défaut, m., defect, flaw, fault ; à

défaut de, for want of défendre, to defend, to protect, to

prcT'eiit, to shelter, to forbid se défendre, to defend one's self,

to 7-rfrain défense, f., defence, prohibition^

tusk défenseur, m., defender défi, m., challenge, defiance défiance, f., distrust, misti-ust défiant, suspicious se défier, to distrust défigurer, to disfigure défilé, m., defile, pass défini, -e, d'flnite définir, to (define, to determine 1 définiti-f, -ve, decisive, potitW€

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

déformer, to deform, to distort dégager, to redam, to extricate,

to separate dégarnir, to unfui nish, to strip,

to ctntty dégât, m., ravage, damage dégel, in., thaw dégénérer, to degenerate dégoût, m., distaste, dislike dégoûter, to disgust, to give a

dislike, to take away appetite degré, m., degree, step, stair dégringoler, to tumble down, to

roll over dégaenillé, -e, ragged, in rags déguiser, to disguise, to conceal dehors, out, outside, without déjà, already

déjeuner, m., breakfast; dejeuner à la fourchette, meat breakfast déjeuner, to breakfast delà, adv., beyond, hence; audelà, beyond, upwards, more délai, m., delay

délaisser, to forsake, to abandon délicat, -e, delicate, nice, tender,

fjstijiotis, refined, dainty délice, m. (f. in pi. ), delight délicieu-x, -se, delicious, delightful délivrer, to deliver, to rid (of) déloger, to turn out, to decamp demain, to-morroiu (see lendemain) J de demain en huit, to-»!û7-r<.nv week ; après demain, the day after to-morrow ; à demain, till to-niorro7v demande, f., question, request,

inquiry demander, to ask, to want, to desire, to require ; demander des nouvelles de, to inquire after ; ne pa* demander mieux, to he quite willing démarche, f., gait, step; faire une démarche, to take a step, proceeding démêler, to separate, to disentangle, to unravel, to distin guish

se démentir, to belie one^s self, to

be inconsistent, to fail se démettre, to dislocate, to re^ sign ; il s'est denxis l'épaule, he has dislocated his shoulder demeure, f. , abode, dwelling demeurer, to live, to dwell, to

stop, to remain, to stick demi, -e, half; une demi heure, half an hour; une heure et demie, an koîtr and a half demoiselle, f., young lady;

dragon-fiy démolir, to demolish démonter, to disrnount, to un' horsey to take down, to take to pieces démontrer, to demonstrate dénoncer, to demmnce, to inform

against dénoûment, m., issue, catastrophe denrée, f., commodity, food dent, f., tooth, notch ; avoir mal aux dents, to have the toothache dentelle, f. , lace dénué, destitute, devoid déparer, to spoil départ, m., dtparture, starting dépasser, to go beyond, to exceed,

to exc'l, to surpass dépêche, f., despatch se dépêcher, to hasten, to make

haste dépeindre, to describe, to paint dépendre, to depend (on) dépens, m, pi., expense, cost dépense, f., expense, outlay dépenser, to spend, to consume dépérir, to decay, to waste, to

-wither dépit, m., despite, spite déplacer, to displace, to remo7 :

déplaire, to displease déplaisir, m., displeasure, dislike, sorrow, grief, trouble déplorer, to lament, to bewail déployei;, to tinfold, to display déplu, 1'. P. (/déplaire déplus (je), P. Def. of déplaire déposer, to put or lay dowft, 10 testify

dépositaire, m., guardian, treasurer dépôt, m., deposit, trust, depot dépouiller, to strip, to spoil, to

throw off dépourvu, unprovided, destitute ;

au dépourvu, unawares depuis, prep, and adv., since, from, for, after ; depuis peu,

lately, not long since ; depuis

quand ? how long ?

depuis que, conj., since, ever

since déranger, to derange, to upset, to

disorder, to inconvenience, to

disturb demi-er, -ère, last, final, latest ;

l'année dernière, last year ; la

dernière année, the last year dernièrement, lately dérober (à), to steal, to deprive,

to conceal se dérober à, to escape from déroger, to derogate déroute, f., rout, defeat, disorder,

ruin derrière, prep, and adv., behind derviche, dervis, m., dervis,

Mahometan monk des (contraction of de and les),

of the, from the, so>ne, any dès, prep., frotn, since, as early

as ; dès aujourd'hui, from this

day ; dès lors, fro?n then , dès

que, conj., as soon as désaccord, m., disagreement désagréable, unpleasant désagrément, m., unpleasantness désaltérer, to quench the thirst se désaltérer, to quench one^s

thirst désastre, m., disaster désavantage, m., disadvantage désavouer, to disavow, to disown descendre, to descend, to come

do7vn ; v. trans., to let d<rwn descente, f., landing, alighting se désennuyer, to divert one's

self désert, m., desert, wilderness déserter, to desert, to abandon

désespéré, -e, desperate, hopeless, disheartened

désespérer, to despair, to give over

désespoir, m., despair, hopelessness

déshabillé, m., undress ; en déshabillé, in an undress

déshabiller, to tindress

désigner, to designate, to indicate, to point out

désintéressement, m., disinterestedness

désir, m., desire, wish

désirer, to desire, to wish

désobéir, to disobey

désobéissance, f., disobedience

désobliger, to disoblige, to be lift kind

désoler, to desolate, to waste, to grieve

désordre, m., disorder, disturbance

désormais, henceforth

desquelles, (pi. of de laquelle), oj or from whom, or which

dessécher, to dry up, to wither

dessein, m., design, purpose ; à dessein, on pU7pose ; avoir (le) dessein de, to intend

dessert, m., dessert

desservir, to clear the table, to do an ill office, to officiate

dessin, m., drawing, sketch, outline, pattern

dessiner, to draw, to sketch, to delineate

dessous, adv. and prep., under, bcLnv ; au-dessous, under, belo'w ; là-dessous, underneath

dessus, adv. and prep., on, over, above, upivards ; au-dessus, above ; là-dessus, thereupon

destin, m., destiny, doom

destinée, f., destiny, fate

destiner, to destine, to intend

se destiner, to be destined or intended

détacher, to detach, to loosen, to untie, to send off, to disengage

détail, m., detail, (pi. détails) particulars

détaillé, minute, lengthened

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY

détaler, to pack up, to scamper

o.'L-f.y détenu, -e, prisorur déterminer, to determinf, to

ascotam, to induce, to lead détester, to detist, to abhor détonation, f., ddonaiion, report,

exrlojion detour, m., winding, turning,

by<cay, circuitous road se détourner, to go out of the

read or iiay, to turn aside détroit, m., straight, sound détromper, to undeceive se détromper, to be undeceived détrôner, to dethrotie détruire (détruisant, détruit ; je

détruis, je détruisis), to destroy dette, f., debt

deux, two ; tous deux, both devant, prep., before, in front of devant, adv., before, forward ; par

devant, before, in front ; aller

au-devant de, to go to meet dévaster, to lay waste, to spoil développer, to unfold, to unwrap,

to enlarge, to display devenir, to become, to grow ; que

deviendra-t-il? what will become of him ? qu'est devenu...?

what has become of...?

devin, -eresse, soothsayer deviner, to divine, to guess devint. Prêt, of devenir, to

become devise, f., device, viotto dévoiler, to unveil, to disclose devoir, m., duty, exe7-cise ; se

mettre en devoir de, to set about devoir (devant, dû ; je dois, je

devais, je dus, je devrai ; que je

doive), to aive, to be indebted ;

je dois partir, I intend to leave ;

nous devons aller ce soir, we

are to go tJds evening dévoré de, distracted with dévorer, to devour, to consume dévoué, drooled ; votre dévoué,

yours truly dévouer, to devote devrai, devrais. Fut. and Cond.

of devoir

diamant, m., diamond

diète, f., diet

Dieu, m., God; grâce à Dieu,

thank God ; à Dieu ne plaise!

God forbid 1 plût à Dieu, would

to God!

différent, -e, different, unlike,

sundry différer, to defer, to put off difficile, difficult, particular difficulté, f., difficidty digne, worthy, dignified se dilater, to expand, to vent,

to enlarge diligence, f., diligence, speed,

stai^e-coach diligent, ittdustrious, speed dimanche, m., Sunday, saifoct^h diminuer, to diminish, to lessen dindon, m., turkey dîner, to dine ; dîner en ville, to

dine out dîner, m., dinner dire (disant, dit; je dis, je dis),

to say, to tell, to bid ; faire dire,

to send word ; pour ainsi dire,

so to say ; cela va sans dire,

that is a matter of course ; dis

donc ! dites donc ! / say ! on

dit, // is said ; que voulez-vous

dire ? ~ohat do you mean ?

diriger, to direct, to guide, to aim disconvenir, to deny, to disown discours, m., speech, lecture discr-et, -ète, discreet disette, f., dearth, sca7-city disgracieu-x, -se, ungj-aceful,

awkward disparaître, to disappear, to

vanish dispenser, to exempt, to bestow se dispenser, to dispense [with) disperser, to disperse, to scatter dispos, active, nimble, well disposé, -e, disposed, inclijted,

ready disposer, to dispose, to arrange,

to order disputer, to dispute, to contend,

to quarrel, to deny se disputer, to strive for, to

quarrel

dissiper, to dissipate, to scatter^

to waste, to squander, to divert dissoudre (dissolvant, dissou-s,

-te, f. ; je dissous), to dissolve,

to break tip distance, f., distance distinctement; distinctly distinguer, to distinguish, to

discerti distraction, f., absence of mind,

recreation distraire, to divai, to entertain distrait, -e, heedless, absent distribuer, to distribute, to deal

out, to dispose dit (P. P. of dire), said, called,

sur named, told dites (vous), 2nd p. pi. Près.

Indie, and Imper. of dir« divers, -e, various, sundry se divertir, to amuse one^s self ài\ertisseTciexit,m.entertainmeut divin, -e, divine, heavenly divinité, f., divinity, deity diviser, to divide, to part dix-sept, seventeen dizaine, f., ten (or so) docteur, la., doctor ; docteiiren

droit, en médecine, en théologie,

doctor of laws, of medicine, of

divinity dodu, -e, plump dogue, m., mastiff, house-dog doigt, m., finger, toe [of the foot) ;

doigt du pied, toe dois (je, tu), Près, of devoir domaine, ni., domain, estate,

province, lands domestique, domestic, homebred,

tame domestique, seii'ant, domestic domicile, m., dwelling, home dominer, to rule, to predominate,

to command dommage, m., damage, harm,

pity ; c'est dommage, grand dommage, it is a pity, it is a great pity dompter, to subdue, to tame don, m., g^ift, present done, Mew, therefore, consequently, accordingly

donner, to give, to impart dont, relat. pron., whose, of whom,

of which, with which dorénavant, henceforth doré, -e, gilt, golden dormir ^dormant, dormi ; je dors,

je dormis), to sleep, to lie Still,

dormant (stagnant) dort, Près, of dormir, to sleep dos, m., back dot, f., dowry, portion d'où, adv., whence, from which,

how ; d'où vient que ? how is it

that ?

doubler, to double, to line, to fur ;

to 'weather doucement, gently, mildly douceur, f., sweetness, softness,

gentleness, ineekness ; pi., soft

words douer, to endow, to gift douleur, f., pain, sorrow douloureu-x, -se, so7-e, sorrow-

ful doute, m., doubt douter, to doubt, to question se douter, to suspect, to imagine,

to have an inkling douteu-x, doubtful, questionable dou-x, -ce, sweet, soft, gentle,

pleasant, fresh (water) douzaine, f., dozen douze, t'welve, ttvelfth doyen, m., dean drap, m., cloth, sheet drapeau, m., flag, standard dresser, to raise, to dress, to train,

to teach droit, -e, adj., straight, right,

tipright, ei-ect, righteous droit, adv., straight, directly,

justly ; tout droit, straight droit, m., right, claim, title,

law, due, duty ; docteur en

droit, doctor of laws ; faire son

droit, to study the law droite, f., right, right hand drôle, aij., droll, funny ; drôle

de corps, queer fellow drôle, m., rogue, scoundrel du (contraction of de le), of the,

from the, some, any

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

dâ (P. P. of devoir), o^ved, been obliged ; j'ai dû sortir, / haz't been obliged to go out ; j'aurais dû, 1 should\pught to) have

due, m., duke

duchesse, f., duchcss

dape, !., dupe, gull

duquel, relat. pron., of ox from ukom, or which

dur, -e, hard, tough, harsh

durant, prep., during

durcir, '0 h.irden, to get hard

durée; f., duration

durer, to last, to remain, to stand

dureté, f., hardness, harshness, toughness, stiffness

dus, Fret, of devoir

dassé-je, though I should, were I to

duvet, m. , dozin

eau, f., water, rain ; l'eau me

vient à la bouche, my mouth

waters, (pi. eaux) eau-de-vie, f., brandy ébouir, to dazzle éboulement, m., falling down,

sinking ébouler, to fall down or in, to

sink ébranler, to shake, to disturb écaille, f., scale, shell écarter, to divert, to remove, to

scatter, to ward off s'écarter, to deviate, to step aside,

to swerve, to wander, to leave, to

ramble échafaud, m., scaffold, stage échange, f., exchange, barter ;

libre échange, free trade échanger, to exchange, to barter échapper, to escape, to get out, to

fall, to slip ; l'échapper belle,

to have a narro^M escape échauffer, to warm, to heat, to

excite s'échauffer, to get warm, to get

excited échec, m., check, repulse, loss

échelle, f ., ladder, scale, standard échouer, to strand, to fail, to

founder éclair, m., lightning, flash; il

fait des éclairs, it lightens éclaircir, to clear up, to solve, to

thin éclairer, to light, to illuminate,

enlighten ; il éclaire, it lightens éclat, m., piece, splinter, burst,

shout, lustre, glitter ; rire aux

éclats, to burst out laughing éclatant, -e, bright, shining éclater, to burst out, to explode, to

blaze out, to be displayed éclore (éclos ; il éclot, ils éclos-

ent, il éclora), to hatch, to blow éclos, P. P. of éclore école, f., school

écoli-er, -ère, schoolboy, schoolgirl éconduire, to refuse, to show

out écononxe, saving, economical économie, f ., economy, savings ;

faire des économies, to save, to

put by économique, economical, cheap économiser, to economise, to save écorce, f ., bark, rind, peel écorcher, to flay, to skin, to gall;

écorcher uae langue, to murder

a language écorchure, f., excoriation, sore Ecosse, f., Scotland s'écouler, to floav away, to pass

away, to elapse, to go off écouter, to listen, to hear, to

mind écraser, to crush, to bruise, to

squash s'écrier, to cry out, to exclaim écrin, m., jewel-box, casket écrtre (écrivant, écrit ; j'écris,

j'écrivis), to write écrit, m., writing, work écriture, f., writing, penmanship. Scripture écrivain, m., writer écrivit. Prêt of écrire, to write s'écrouler, to fall in, to faV

down, to crumble

ecu, m,, shield, crown

écueil, m., rock, breaker, reef,

danger écumCj ^ ., foam, froth, scum écumer, to foam, to froth écurer, to scotir, to cleanse écurie, f., stable écuyer, m., squire, esquire,

equerry, rider, horseman édifice, m., edifice, building édifier, to build, to edify édredon, m., eider-do^cvn effacer, to efface, to rub out, to

blot out, to scratch out effaré, scared, bezvildered effaroucber, to scare, to shock effet, m., effect, impression, iiitent,

ptirpose ; en effet, in fact, in

reality, indeed efficace, efficacious, efficient effilé, -e, slender, slim effleurer, to skim over, to glance

at, to dip into s'efforcer, to strive, to endeavour,

to try effort, m., exertion, endeavour effrayant, -e, frightful, dreadful effrayer, to frighten, to dismay effréné, -e, unbridled effroi, m., fright, dismay effroyable, frightful, dreadful,

horrible égal, -e (m. pi. égaux), eqtiai,

even, all one ; cela m'est égal,

it is indifferent (all one, all the

same) to me égaler, to equal, to match, to come

up to égalité, f., equality, evenness égard, ni., regard, respect; à

votre égard, with regard to

you égarer, to mislead, to lead into

error, to mislay s'égarer, to lose one's t^ny, to

wander, to stray, to err église, f., church égoïsme, m., selfishness égoïste, selfish, egotist égorger, to slaughter, to muraer Egyptien, -ne, Egyptian Egypte, f., Egypt

eh, ah! alas I eh bien! well!

hoiv nozu

s'élancer, to dash, to spring, to p02iHce, to start, to shoot forth

élément, m., element, cotJiponent part

élévation, f. , height, eminence

élève, m. and f., pupil, scholar

élever, to raise, ta exalt, to bring up, to rear, to educate

élire (élisant, élu ; j'élis, j'élus), !o elect, to return

élite, f., pick [troops, &C.)

elle, she, her, it

éloge, m., praise, eulogy ; faire l'éloge de, to praise

éloigné, -e, dntatit, remote, far, absent, aivay

s'éloigner, to go aivay, to withdraiif, to wander, to keep off

éloquence, f., eloquence, oratory

élu, -e (P. P. of élire), elected, elect

emballer, to pack up

embarcadère, m., zvharf ter minus

s'enibarquer, to embark, to sail

embarras, m., eticumbrance, ob.

struction, trouble, embarrassment, perplexity ; dans l'embarras, at a loss, in a scrape, in difficulties ; avoir l'embarras du choix, tiot to knoiu 'what to choose; mettre dans l'embarras, to draw into a scrape ; se tirer d'embarras, to get out of a scrape

embarrassé, confused, perplexed, at a loss, aivkward

s'embarrasser, to be entangled, to become confused or perplexed, to trouble on? s self

embaumer, to embalm, to perfume

embellir, to embellish, to adorn, to beautify, to improve

embouchure, f., mouth, estuary

embraser, to burn, to consutne

embrasser, to embrace, to undertake, to adopt, to inchtde

embrouiller, to entatigle

embûche, f., ambush, tnarf

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

éxneraude, f., emerald

s'émerveiller, to wonder

eramener, to take auay

émouvoir (émouvant, ému ; j'émeus, j'émus) to moz'e, to agitr.te, to excite

s'emparer (de), to seize, to take /jssessio» of

empêcher, to hinder, to prevent, !j iiitfede

s'empêcher, to ûrb-m, to help; ie ne puis m'empêcher de rire, / cannot help laughint;

empereur, f. impératrice, emperor, empress

empire, m,, empire, command, sway, control

emplette, f., purchase

emplir, to fill, to fill up

emploi, m., employment, use

employé, m., clerk, official

employer, to employ, to use

s'employer, to apply one's self, '0 exert one's self, to be used ; ce mot s'emploie figurément, this 'word is used figuratively

emporter, to carry away or off ; remporter sur, to prevail, to surpass : s'emporter, to fly into a passion

empreinte, f., impression, stamp

empressé, -e, eager, earnest, ready

empressement, m,, eagerness

s'empresser, to be eager, io hasten

emprisonner, to imprison

emprunt, m., borrowing, loati

emprunter, to borrow

emprujateur, borrower

ému, -e (P. P. of émouvoir), excited, moved, affected, nervous

en, prep., in, into, within, like, as a, by, at, on ; en ami, like, as a friend

en, pers. pron., m. and f., s. and pi., of him, of her, of it, of them, from him, from her, from it, from them, by him, by her, by it, by them, for it, some, any ; j'en doute, / doubt of it ; j'en viens, I com^ fyani it {there) ; j'en

suis fâché, / am sorry for it ; j'en ai, J have some enceinte, f. , inclosure, walls enchaîner, to chain, to tie down,

to captivate, to connect enchanter, to enchant, to delight enclos, m., inclosure., close encombre, m., hindrance encombrer, to obstruct, to encumber, to crozud encore (encor in poetry), also, still, yet, again, besides, one more, longer; ou bien encore, or else, or again ; encore une fois, once more encouragement, m., encouragement encourager, to encourage encourir, to incut encre, f., ink encrier, rn., inkstand endommager, to damage, to injure endormir, to lull asleep, io scad

asleep, to wheedle S'endormir, to fall asleep, io go io

sleep endroit, m., place, passage, {right)

side, spot enduire, to lay over, to. coat enfance, f., infancy, childhood enfant, m. f., child, infant, offspring, youth ; petits enfants, little children, grandchildren ; bon enfant, good felloiv enfermer, to shut up, to inclose enfin, i)i short, at last, finally enflammer, to set on fire, to inflame enfler, to swell, to inflate enfoncer, to sink, io thrust, to break in, to drive in, io force in enfouir, to bury, to hide enfreindre, to infringe s'enfuir, to flee, to run away engager, to pledge, to induce, to

advise, to engage, io enlist s'engager, to engage one's self, to

enlist engloutir, to swallow up engourdi, -e, benumbed, dull engourdir, to benumb

engraisser, to fatten

enhardir, to onbolden

enhamacher, to harness

énigme, f., riddle, puzzle

enivrer, to mtojcicate, to elate

enjoué, -^y playful, sprightly

enlever, to take away, to remove, to snatch

ennemi, -e, enemy, foe

ennemi, -e, adj., hostile, injurious

ennui, m., tediousness, weariness, annoyance ; pour tromper son ennui, to beguile his weariness

ennuyant, -e, tiresome, annoying

ennuyer, to weary, to tease, to annoy, to bore

s'ennuyer, to be wearied, to feel dull, to be home-sick

ennuyeu-x, -se, tiresome, wearisome, vexing, tedious

s'enorgueillir, to be proud of, to be elate, to take pride in

énorme, enormous, huge

s'enquérir (s'enquérant, enquis ; je m'enquiers, je m'enquis, je m'enquerrai), to inquire, to ask

enraciner, to take root, to root

enragé, -e, mad, rabid, enraged

enrhumé, -e ; être enrhumé, to have a cold

s'enrhumer, to catch cold

enrichir, to enrich, to adorn

s'enrouer, to get hoarse

enseigne, m., ensign, midshipman

enseigne, f., sign-board, ensign

enseigner, to teach

ensemble, together

ensevelir, to bury, to inter

ensuite, aftenvards, then, thereupon

entamer, to cut the first piece, to begin, to impair, to encroach on

entasser, to heap up, to hoard up

entendre, to hear, to understand, to mean, to intend; entendre parler de, to hear of; qu'enlendez- VOU-. par là ? what do you mean by that f

s'entendre, to hear one another, to come to an understanding, to be understood, to concert, to agree {with) ; cela s'entend, that is understood, of course, as a matter of coîirse entendu, -e, P. P., heard, understood, intelligent; bien entendu, of course enterrement, m., btirial, funeral ent-ier, -ière, entire, whole entièrement, entirely, wholly entourer, to surround entrailles, f., bcnvels, feeling entraîner, to carry away, to hîtrry away, to draw along, to anmtate, to entail s'entr'aider, to help one another entre, between, among, in ; entre

autres, among others or them entrée, f., e»i trance, entry entreprendre, to undertake entrepreneur, ni., contractor entreprise, f., undertaking entrer, to enter, to go or come in ;

faire entrer, to show in entretenir, to keep up, to maintain, to support, to entertain s'entretenir, to hold together, to

keep one's self, to converse entretien, m., keeping in repair,

maintenance, conversation entrevoir, to have a glimpse entr'ouvert, -e, half open, ajar,

yaioiing entr' ouvrir, to half open envahir, to invade enveloppe, f. , cover, envelope envelopper,/^^ 7i'rap up,to fold tip, envers, toivards, to [to surround envie, f., envy, inclination, ivish, longing; avoir envie de, to have a mind to, to be inclined to ; porter envie à, to envy envier, to be envious of, to envy environ, about environner, to surround environs, m. pi., neighbourhood s'envoler, to fly a^vay envoyer (envoyant, envoyé; j'envoie, j'enverrai), to send, to forward ; envoyer chercher, to

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

send far ; envoyer promener,

/i' send about one s business épagnetU, m., spaniel épais, -se, thiik, dense épaisseur, f., thLkness s'épancher, to ovcrfijw, to open

cue' s heart s'épanouir, to blow, to open épargne, f., economy, saving;

caisse d'épargne, savings-bank épargner, to save, to spare éparpiller, to scatter, to disperse épaule, f, shotdder, fiank épée, f., s-u'ord, steel ; coup

d"épée, stab éperdu, -e, distracted, desperate épi, m., ear, spike épier, to spy, to watch épine, f., thorn, spine épingle, f., pin ; épingles, pi.,

p-.n-money éploré, -e, itt tears, weeping époque, f., time, period ; à quelle

époque partirez -vous ? when

will you start?

épouse, f., spouse, wife épouser, to marry, to wed, to

espouse, to embrace. Comp.

marier épouvantable, frightful, dreadful épouvante, i., fright, terror épouvanter, to frighten, to scare époux, m., husband, spouse;

époux, pi., married couple,

husband and wife épreuve, f., trial, proofs test ;

faire lépreuve, to test ; mettre

à l'épreuve, to put to the test :

à l'épreuve de, proof to or

against épris, -e, smitten, enamoured éprouver, to try, to experience épuiser, to exhaust, to drain équipage, m., equipage, carriage,

dress, crew équiper, to fit otit, to equip ériger, to erect, to raise errant, -e, wandering, roinng errer, to wander, to err erreur, f , error, mistake escadre, f., squadron, fleet

escadron, m., squadron {of

caz'iilry) escalier, m., staircase, stairs escarpé, -e, steep esclavage, f., slavety, servitude esclave, slave, slavish espace, m., space, room Espagne, f., Spain espèce, f., species, kind, nature ;

espèces, pi., cash espérance, f., hope, expectation espéfer, to hope, to expect, to

trust espion, m., spy espoir, m., hope, expectation esprit, m., spirit, soul, ghost,

viind, wit, meaning, temper,

humour esquisse, f., sketch, outline esquisser, to sketch essai, m., trial, attempt ; à

l'essai, on trial ; coup d'essai,

first attempt essayer, to try, to attempt essoufflé, out of breath essuie-mains, m., towel essuyer, to wipe, to undergo est, m., east

est (3 p. s. Près, of être), is est-ce que ? form of interrogation ; lit. is it thai ?

estime, f., esteem, estimation estimer, to value, to esteem estomac, m., stomach, bnast et, and ; et. ..et, both. ..and étable, f. , cattle-house, sty établir, to settle, to establish établissement, m., establishment étage, m., story, floor, flight;

au premier, au second étage,

on thefi}-st, second floor étain, m., tin, pewter étais, Impf. of être étaler, to expose for sale, to spread

out, to display étamer, to tin étang, m., pond, pool étant (Pr. P. of être), bang état, m., state, profession, trade;

hors d'état, unable ; mettre en

état de, to enable to

été, m., summer, prime

été (P. P. of être), been

éteindre (éteignant, éteint ; j'éteins, j'éteignis), to extinguish, to put out, to abolish

éteint, -e, out, extinct

étendard, m., standard, flag

étendre, to extend, to spread, to stretch, to expand, to enlarge

s'étendre, to stretch ones self out

étendue, f., extent, duration

éternel, -le, eternal, everlasting, endless

étincelle, f., spark, sparkle

étoffe, f. , sttifl", cloth, sort

étoile, f. , star; coucher à la belle étoile, to sleep in the open air

étonnement, m., astonishment, 'wonder

étonner, to astonish, to astound

s'étonner, to -wonder

étouffer, to suffocate, to stifle, to cJioke

étourdi, -e, giddy, thoughtless

étrange, strange, odd

étrang-er, -ère, adj., strange, foreig n

étrang-er, ère, stranger, foreigner ; à l'étranger, abroad, in a foreign country

être (étant, été ; je suis, je fus, je serai ; que je sois), to be, to belong; être mieux, to feel better; qu'est-ce? qu'est-ce que c'est? 7uhat is it ?

être, m., bei7!s^, existence

étreindre (étreignant, étreint ; j'ttreins, j'étreignis), to clasp, to g)-asp

étreinte, f., grasp

étrennes, f. pi., New Year's gift, the first use of a thing

étrier, m., stirrup

étriller, to curry, to thrash

étroit, -e, narroiv, tight, close

étude, f., study, office ; faire ses études, to study

étudiant, m., student

étudier, to study, to practise

étui, m., case, box, sheath

en (P. P. of avoir), had eûmes, eûtes (Prêt, of avoir),

had européen, -ne, European eux, disj. pers. pron. pi., they,

them eux-mêmes, pron., themselves s'évanouir, to faint, to swoon, to

vanish, to fade évasion, f. , escape éveiller, to awake, to rouse s'éveiller, to a^vake, to rouse événement, m., event évêque, m., bishop éviter, to avoid, to shuti exact, -e, punctual, precise exactitude, f., punctuality exagérer, to exaggerate examen, m., examination examina-teur, -trice, examiner exaucer, to hear \a prayer), to

grant exceller, to excel, to surpass excepté, prep., except, save, but excepter, to except exciter, to excite, to stir exclure, to exclude excuse, f., excuse, apology ; faire

des excuses, to apologise exécution, f., execution, perform-

atice, achievement, fulfilment exemplaire, m., copy (of books) exemple, m., example, pattern,

instance, copy ; par exemple,

for instance, indeed! bless me!

that is good !

exempter, to free exercer, to exercise, to use, to

cany on, to drill s'exercer, to practise exercice, m., exercise, exertion,

practice, use, service exhorter, to ad?nonish exiger, to requite, to demand, to

exact exil, m., exile exilé, -e, exile (person) exiler, to exile, to banish exister, to exist, to live expédier, to despatch, to send expérience, f. , experience, trial ,

faire l'expérience de, to ex-

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

petience, to try ; faire une expérience, to make an experiment

expérimenté, -e, experienced

expiation, f., atonement

expier, io atone

expirer, to expire, to die

expliquer, to explain, to translate j

exploitation, f., working; using

exploiter, to zvork, to improve, :c farm, to employ

exposer, to expose, to exhibit, to endanger, to disclose

expr-ès, -esse, adj. , express, positi-e

exprès, adv., on purpose ; tout exprès, expressly, intentionally

exprimer, to express, to titter

expulser, to expel

exquis, -e, exquisite

extérieur, -e, exterior, external, oittu at d, foreign

extraire (extrayant, extrait; j'extrais), to extract, to draw

extraordinaire , extraordinary

fabricant, m., manufacturer

fabrique, f., manufacture, manufactory, make

fabriquer, to manufacture, to make

façade, i., front

face, f., face, front, state ; en face, opposite, mer the way

fâché, -e, angry, sorry ; être fâché contre, to be angry with ; être fâché de, to be sorry for

fâcher, to offend, to grieze, to vex

se fâcher, to get angry, to take offence

fâcheu-x, se, grirjotis, sad, vexatious, unpleasant, trottblesome

facile, ca^y, compliant, yielding

facilement, easily, readily

facilité, f., easiness, ease, facility, readiness, fluency

faciliter, to make easy

izx^QTL, {., workmanship, make, shape, matiner, ceremony

façonner, to make, to shape

facteur, m., postman, factor, agent, maker

faculté, i., faculty, power, means, ability

fagot, m., fagot, bundle

faible, weak, faint, slight, slender

faiblesse, f., weakness, faintness

faillir (lailiant, failli ; je faillis), to fail, to err, to be near; j'ai failli tomber, / was fiear fall ing down

faillite, f., failure, bankruptcy ; faire faillite, to fail

faim, f., hunger; avoir faim, to be hungry ; mourir de faim, to starve

faire (faisant, fait ; je fais, je fis, je ferai ; que je fasse), to make, to do, to get, to cause, to compel, to alloiu ; faire faire, to get made or done, to bespeak ; faire savoir, to let kno'dj ; faire venir, to send for ; faire entrer, to show in ; e'en est fait, it is all over ; faire connai^^sance, to get acquainted with ; faire une lieue, to walk a league ; faire son chemin, to make one's way, to thrive ; cela ne fait rien, that does not signify or matter ; qu'est-ce que cela vous fait?

what is that to you ? il fait froid, it is cold ; elle ne fait que sortir et rentrer, she does nothing but go out and in ; il ne fait que de sortir, he has but Just gone out; faire marcher, to set going

se faire, to be done, to happen, to take place; comment cela: se fait-il ? how is that ?

fait, -e (P. P. of faire), 7>iade, done, shaped, ft, full-grown, used ; aussitôt, dit aussitôt fait, no sooner said than done ; e'en est fait de, it is all over with

fait, m., fact, deed, doing, feat, matter ; au fait, in fact, indeed ; être au fait de, to know, to be acquainted ; mettre au fait, to acquaint; en fait de, with regard to

falloir (fallu ; il faut, il fallut, il faudra ; qu'il faille), to be necessary, must, to be obliged, ought, to want, to need

fameu-x, -se, famous, fatned

familiariser, to familiarise, to acquaint

fanaili-er, -ère, familiar, homely

famille, f., family, household, kindred

fantaisie, f., fancy, whim, humour

fa.icitai,Bqvie, fantastic, fanciful

fantôme, m., ghost, phantotn

fardeau, m , burden, load

farine, f. , four, meal

faroucbe, wild, fierce

fasse (que je), Pr. Subj. of faire

faste, m., potnp, magnificence, display

fastueu-x, -se, pompous, stately

fat, m., fop, coxcomb

fatigue, f., fatigue, weariness, toil, hardship

fatiguer, to tire, to fatigue, to wear out

faubourg, m., outskirts, suburbs

faucille, f., sickle

faucon, m., falcon, hawk

faudra. Fut., and faudrait, Cond., of falloir

faut (il), Près, of falloir ; il me faut, I want

faute, f., fault, error, mistake, blunder ; sans faute, without fail ; faute de, for want of

fauteuil, m., arm-chair

faux, f., scythe

fau-x, -sse, arlj., false, wrong, deceitjul, artficial

faveur, f., favour, boon, ribboti ; à la faveur de, by means of under cover of ; en faveur de, /;/ behalf of, for the sake of

favori, -te, favourite

favoriser, to favour, to befriend, to assist, to aid

fée, f., fairy

feindre, to feign, to sham

feint, -e, feigned, pretended

féliciter, to congratulate

femme, f., woman, wife ; femme de chambre, lady's maid

fendeur, m., cleaver

fendre, to cleave, to split

fenêtre, f , window, casement

fente, f., cleft, crack, chink

fer, m., iyvn ; chemin de fer, raihvay ; fer à cheval, horseshoe

ferai, Fut., and ferais, Conj., faire

fer-blanc, m., tin, tin-plate

ferblanterie, f., tin wares

temxe, f. , farm, farm-house

ferme, adj.,y?;v;/, steady

ferme, adv., fast, hard, firmly; tenir ferme, to holdfast

fermer, to shut, to close

fermeté, ï., firmness

fermier, m., farmer, tenant

féroce, ferocious, fierce

ferré, -e, shod, skilled, metalled

festin, m., feast ; faire feotin, to feast

fête, f., feast, holiday, merry- 7)iaking, saint's day, festival, birthday

feu (feux), m., fire, heat, confiagration, fire-place ; coup de feu, shot ; faire du feu, to make afire; faire feu, to fire ; vaçX^rz le feu à, to set fire to

feuillage, m., foliage, leaves

feuille, f., leaf, sheet, newspaper

feuillée, f., bower, green arbour, foliage

feuillet, m., leaf {of a book)

feuillu, -e, leafy

fi, fie ! fie upon ! fi done ! for shame !

^Aele, faithfiil, true, ti^usty

fidélité, Î., faithfulness

se fier, to tru.^t, to rely

fi-er, -ère, proud, haughty, bold

fierté, f , pride

fièvre, {., fever

figure, f., figure, face, countenance, type

figurer, to figure, to represent ' se figurer, to imagine, to fancy

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

ai, m., thread, yam, -vire, edge,

current, chain filer, to spin, to s/in out, to wire-

j'ra-iU filet, m., net, thread, snare ;

s'nj'l stream, iigament, rill fille, f., prl, maid, daughter ;

petite-fille, grand-daughter filette, f., little girl filletde, f., god-daughter filou, m., pickpocket fils, m., son; petit-fils, grand-

:on fin, f., en<i, close, aim fin, -e, adj., fine, delicate, refined,

acute, shrewd, ingenious, keen finesse, f., fineness, slenderness,

delicacy, acuteness, cunning finir, to finish, to end fis (je) {Prêt, of faire), / did or

/node fisse (que je), Impf. Subj. of

faire ^■s.^, fix id, firm, steady fixer, to fix, to fasten, to settle flacon, va.,fiagcn, bottle flairer, to scent, to smell flambeau, m,, torch, light, can-

dlestkk flamme, i., fiante, blaze, ardour flanc, m., fiank, side, womb flâner, to lounge , to stroll flâneu-r, -se, lounger, stroller flanquer, to fiank, to hit, to go

alongside of, to cover flatteu-r, -sejfiattej-er flèche, f. , arrow, spire, head fléchir, to bend, to move, to yield flétrir, to -uither, to blight se flétrir, to fade, to wither fletxr, f. , fiower, blossom, bloom ;

a fleur de, level with fleurir, tofloiver, to bhnv, to bloom, tobloisom, to flourish ; fleurir, used figuratively, makes florissant in the Pr. P. and florifssait in the Impf. ; un ttat florissant, a fiouiishing state fleuve, m., river, stream flocon, m., fiake, fiock florissant, -e (Pr. P. of fleurir), flourishing, prosperous

flot, m., wave, billow, tide, flood flotte, i., fleet

flotter, to float, to wave, to waver foi, f. , faith, belief, trust, confidence, word; ma foi! faith!

ajouter foi, to give credit foie, m., liver foin, m., hay foire, i., fair

fois, f,, time; il y avait une fois, tkcre was once upon a time ; une fois, once ; deux fois, twice ; trois fois, three times, thrice ; encore une fois, once more ; toutes les fois que, eve7y ti?ne that ; à la fois, at once, at the same time fol (instead of fou before a vowel

or h mute), mad folâtrer, to sport, to play folie, f., ffiadness, folly, foolish-

ness, foolish thing foncé, -e, dark, deep fonction, f., functions, duty fonctionner, to work, to operate fond, m. , bottom, depth, ground, fwthest end, back-part ; à fond, thoroughly ; au fond, in the fnain fonda-teur, -trice, founder fondement, xa., foundation fonder, to found fondre, to melt, to cast, to dissolve, to blend ; fondre en larmes, to melt {to burst) into tears fondre (sur), to fall upon, to

rush fondrière, f., quagmire, bog fonds, m., ground, soil, land, capital, cash, money, stock ; être en fonds, to be in cash ; n'être pas en fonds, to be short of en s h foîitaine, i., fountain, spring font (3 p. pi. Pr. of faire), they

do, make force, f., force, strength, might, power ; à force de, by strength of, by dint of forcer, to force, to stretch, to com-

p-l, to oblige forêt, Ï., forest, woodland

forfait, m., crime, contract

forgeron, m., blacksmith

forme, f., shape, figure, mould

former, to shape, to train

se former, to be formed, to assutne a shape, to itJiprove

fort, -Cj'z.à]., strong, large, skilful, hard, loud ; être fort en, to be good at, to be a proficient in ; se faire fort de, to boast of

fort, adv., very, extre/nefy, strongly, hard

fortifier, to strengthen, to fortify

fortvme, f. , fortune, luck ; faire fortune, to 7nake a fortune

fosse, {., pit, hole

fossé, m., ditch, drain

fou, fol, f folle, mad, foolish, crazed

foudre, f., thunder, lightning; coup de foudre, thunderclap, thunderbolt

foudroyer, to thunder, to strike, to batter do^un, to destroy

fouet, lu., whip, whipping; coup de fouet, lash

fouetter, to whip, to lash, to beat

fouiller, to search, to dig, to rummage

foule, f., croivd, throng, host

fouler, to press, to tread

four, m., oven

fourbe, cheat, knave

fourchette, î., fork

fovirmi, f., ant

fourneau, m., stove, furnace, hearth

fournir, to furnish, to supply, to provide, to stock

fournisseur, m., contractor, purveyor, tradesman

fourniture, f , furnishing, provision

fourré, m., thicket, brake

fourreau, m., case, sheath, frock, cover

fourrer, to thrust, to put, to fur, to cram

fourrure, f., fur

foyer, m., hearth, fireside; pi.

/ otne

fracasseri to shatter

fraîcheur, f., freshness, coolness, chill

frais, fraîche, adj., fresh, cool, nrw, recent ; prendre le frais, to take fresh air

frais, m. pi., expenses, cost

fraise, f., strawbe7-ry

franc, m., frattc (about lod.)

franc, franche, s.à)., free, frank, sincere, exempt

Français, m., Frenchman; le.s Français, the French

français, -e, adj., French ; à la française (à la mode française), after the French fashion

franchir, to leap over, to clear, to overcome

franchise, f., frankness, exemption, freedom

frapper, to strike, to hit, to smite, to knock, to tap

frayeur, î., fright, dread, fear

frein, m., bit, curb, check

frêle, frail, brittle, weak

frémir, to shudder, to tremble, to vibrate, to rustle

fréquemment, zAw, frequently

fréquenter, to frequent, to go often to, to associate with

frère, m., brother, friar ; beaufrère, brother-in-law ; frère aîné, eldest brother ; frère cadet, youngest brother

friandise, f. , dain'iness, nicety

fringant, -e, smart, dapper, frisky J

frissonner, to shiver, to shudder, I to quiver '

friture, f. , fry i tig, fr ied fish

froid, -e, adj., cold, cool

froid, m., cold, coldness, indifference, coolness ; avoir froid, to be (fel) cold ; faire froid, to be cold (w:ather)

froidement, coldly, coolly

froideur, f., coldness

fromage, m., cheese

froment, m. , wheat

front, m., forehead, brow, face, countotaiice ; de front, abreast

frontière, f., frontier, border

frotter, to rub, to rub up, to scrub

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

fmlt, i., fruit, result

fuglti-f, -^e, fugitive, fleeting

fuir (fuyant, fui ; je fuis, je fuis), to flee, to run aicay, to shun, to azoiii ; s'enfuir, to flee, to run away

fuite, i., flight, running away

famée, f., smoke, steam

fomer, to smoke

funèbre, funeral, mournful, dismal

fyxa^^X.^, fatal, melancholy

fureur, î.,fur}', ro'^e, passion

furie, {.,fury, rage

furieu-x, -se, furious, mad, enraged, raving, arrant

fus (je), (Prêt, of être) was

fuseau, m., spindle

fusée, f., rocket

fusil (1 silent), va., gun, musket, coup de fusil, gun-shot

fuBsé-je, were 1 !

gage, va., pledge, security, token ;

pi., wages gager, to bet, to wager gagner, to gain, to earn, to win,

tc- get, to obtain, to reach gai, -e, gay, lively, cheerful,

merry gaieté, f., liveliness, cheerfulness,

mirth ; de gaieté de cœur,

wantonly gain, m., gain, profit galère, f., galley galerie, f., gallery galette, f., roll, cake, biscuit galop, m., gallop gamin, m., urchin, boy gant, m., glove

garantie, i., guarantee, security garantir, to guarantee, to warrant, to answer for, to keep, to

shelter se garantir, to shelter one's self,

to guard against garçon, m., boy, waiter, bachelor ;

garçon de ferme, farm servant;

bon eS'rçon, good fellow

garde, m. , guard, keeper, warden ; garde champêtre, rural guard ; garde ioxtsutv, forester

garde, f., guard, keeping, watch, defence, care, heed; prendre garde, to take care, to be careful, to mind, to bnva-^e ; se donner de garde, to take tare not to, to be careful not to ; être (se tenir) sur ses gardes, to be on one's guard, to be on the watch ; n'avoir garde de, to beware of, not to be able to

garde-chasse, m., gamekeeper

garder, to keep, to preserve, to guard, to watch, to look after; se garder de, to beware, to refrain, to take care not

gardien, -ne, keeper, guardian

gare ! take care ! look out !

garnir, to furnish, to stove, to adorn, to trim, to inlay

garnison, f., garrison

garniture, f., set, trimminj^, lining

gaspiller, to -vaste, to squander

gâteau, m., cake, comb

gâter, to spoil, to da?nage, to soil, to iitjitre

gauche, left, awkivard, clumsy

gaudronncr (or srodronner), tc quill, to pleat

Gaule, f., Gaul

gaz, ni., gas

gazon, m., grass, turf

gazouiller, to warble, to chirp

géant, m., giant

gelée, f. , frost, jelly

geler, to freeze

gémir, to groan, to be:vail, to whine

gémissement, m., groan, moan

gendre, m., son-in-law

gêner, to inconvenience, to make uncomfortable, to trouble, to restrain, to pinch

se gêner, to inconvenicme one's self to restrain one's self ; ne pas se gêner, to make one's self (it home

général, -e, general

généreu-z, -se, generous, noble

générosité, f., generosity géuie, m., genius, spirit, engineering genou, m. (pi. genoux), Joiee ; à genoux, on one s knee ; à ses genoux, ai his {her) feet genre, m., kind, manner, genus,

gender gens, pi., people, persons, wen, attendants ; gens de bien, honest people ; gens d'affaires, lawyers gentil, -le, pretty, nice, amiable, kind, pleasant gentilhomme, m. (pi. gentilshommes), nobleman, gentleman geôlier, m., gaoler, jailer gerbe, f., sheaf germer, to shoot, to bud, to spring

up, to sprout geste, m., gesture, sign gibier, m., ga?ne gilet, m., tvaistcoat, vest girouette, f. , lueather-cock, vane givre, m., riine, hoar frost glaçant, -^^ freezing, chilling glace, f. , ice, plate-glass, mirror glacé, -e, frozen, icy, glazed glaive, m., S7wrd, steel glaner, to olean glissant, -e, slippery glisser, to slip, to slide se glisser, to slip, to creep in gloire, f., glory, halo of glory glorieu-x, -se, glorious, conceited,

proud ■e .glorifier, to glory in, boast cf glouton, -ne, glutton gloutonnement, gluttonously gond, m., hinge

gorge, f. , tln'oat, breast, gorge, defile ; mal de gorge, sore throat gosier, m., throat gouffre, m., abyss, whirlpool govirmand, -e, adj., f^reedy gourmand, -e, s., glutton gourutandisc, f., greediness gout, m., taste, palate, relish,

savour, flavour, liking goûter, to taste, to jrlish Goutle, f., drop, gout, a small

quantity, jot ; n'y voir goutte, not to see gouvernail, m., (pi. gouvernails), rudder, helm gouvernement, in., government gouverner, to govern, to rule, to

direct, to husband, to steer gouverneur, m., governor, ruler grâce, f., grace, Javour, pardon, mercy, g>-acefulness, charm, thanks; grâce à Dieu! thank God! de grâce! pray! actions de grâces, tha7iksgiving gracieu-x, -se, gracious, graceful grade, m., rank, grade grain, m., grain, corn, berry,

bead graine, f., seed, berry, set graisse, ï., fat, fatness, grease grammaire, f., grammar grand, -e, great, large, big, tail, grown-up, grand, oroad, open, loud ; un grand homme, a man of gerius ; un homme grand, a tall man ; la porte est toute grande ouverte, the door is wide open grandement, greatly, very much,

largely, in girat style grandeur, f. , greatness, largeness,

size, bulk, height grandiose, adj., grand grandiose, m., grandeur grandir, to p-ow, to increase, to

ri>e grand'mère, f., grandmother grand-père, m. , grandfather grange, f., barn grappe, f., bunch,cluster; grappe

de raisin, bunch of grapes gras, -se, fat, plump, greasy,

rich, fertile gratter, to scratch, to scrape grave, grave, serious, solemn,

dignified gré, m., will, inclination, liking, taste, thanks ; bon gré, mal gré, soit de gré, soit de force, willing or not, ; savoir l)on gré de, to thank for, to take kindly ; savoir mau\ais gré de, to take ill

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY.

prec, srrecqne, Grecian, Greek

Grèce, f., Greece

grréement, m., ri^i^ing

créer, to rig

greffe, i., graft

greffer, to graft

grreffoir, m., grafting knife

çrége [.f silk), raw

Grégoire, Gregory

grêle, adj., slivi, lank, shrill

grêle, f. , hail, shower

grenier, m., granary, loft, «arret, lumber room

grenouille, f. , frog

grief, m. , grievance, complaint

grignon, m., crust, black olive

grignoter, to nibble

grillage, m., wire-work

grillager, to wire, to rail

grimper, to climb, to creep

gris, -e, grey

grisou, \i\., firedamp

grogner, to grunt, to growl

gronder, to grumble, to scold

gros, -se, big, large, great, s'eut, coarse, thick

grosseur, f., size, bigness, bulk, siuelling

grossi-er, -ère, coarse, gross, r.'Ugh, tinmaniurly

grossir, to make bigger, to enlarge, to magnify, to r,vcU

cue, m., fotd ; passer à gué, to ford

guéable, fordable

guère, guères, little, but little, few, but few, net zery, not often ; n'avoir guère d'argent, to have but little money

guérir, to cure, to heal, to recover, to be cured

guérison, f., cure, recovery

g uerre f., war, strife

guerrier, m., warrior, soldier

guet, m., watch; faire le guet,

to W Click

guider, to guUe, to had, to direct Guillaume, m., William çuirlande, f., garland, wreath guise, f. , manner, way guitare, f., guitar

N.B. — h preceded by an ' is aspirated.

habile, able, clez'er, skilful habileté, f. , skill, cleverness habillement, m., clothing, suit habiller, to dress, to clothe habit, ni., coat, garment; pi.,

clothes, wearing apparel habitant, -e, inhabitant habitation, f. , abode, d'welling habiter, to inhabit, to live in habitude, f., habit, use, custom,

practice habituel, -le, habitual, usual s'habituer, to accustom one s selj 'hache, f., axe, hatchet 'haine, f. , hatred 'haineu-x, -se, hateful 'hair (hatsant, haï; je hais), to

hate 'haïssable, hateful, odious 'hameau, m., handtt 'hardes, f. pi., clothes 'hardi, -e, bold, daring 'hardiesse, f., boldness 'harnacher, to harness I 'harnais, m., harness : 'hasard, m., chance, hazard ; au I hasard, at random; dehasai-d,

second-hand ; par hasard, by \ chance, risk I ' hasarder, to hazard, to -risk 'hâte, f., haste, hurry; à la hâte,

in haste ; avoir hâte, to be in

haste 'hâter, to hasten, to hurry 'haut, -e, adj., high, lofty, tall,

proud, loud ' haut, m. , height, top ; du haut

en bas, from top to bottom, overhead ; en haiit, oz'cr, above, up

stairs 'haut, adv., high, up, loud; là

haut, aboz'e, up there, in heaven;

tout haut, aloud 'hautain, -e, haiii^hty, lofty 'hautement, highly, boldly,

openly 'hauteur, f., height, arros;ance

hé bien or eh bien, well then

hectare, m., French measure:

2 acres, i rood, '},'^ perches

hélas ! alas I

'hennir, to neigh

herbe, f., herb, grass, weed ; mauvaise herbe, weed

'hérissé, -e, bristling, shaggy

'hérisser, to bristle tip

se hérisser, to stand ei'ect, to bristle up

héritage, m., inheritance

hériter, to inherit

hérit-ier, -ière, heir, heiress

heroine, f., heroine

héroïque, heroic

héroïsme, m. heroism

'héros, m., hero

hésiter, to hesitate^ to falter

heure, f., hour, time; quelle heure est-il? what o^ clock is it? à la bonne heure, well and good, that is right ; à l'heure qu'il est, at present ; de bonne heure, early; de meilleure heure, earlier

heureusement, happily, luckily, successfully

heureu-x, -se, happy, lucky, successful

'heurter, to strike, to run against, to shock, to clash

'hibou, m. (jil. hiboux), owl

'hideu-x, -se, hideous, frightful

hier, yesterday ; avant-hier, the day before yesterday ; hier au soir, last evenitig

hirondelle, f., swalloiv

'hisser, to hoist ; hisser pavillon, to hoist one's colours

histoire, f., history, talc, story

historien, historian

historiographe, m., historiographer

historique, historical

hiver, lu , winter

hommage, m., homage, tribute, testimony; hommages, p)., respects

homme, m., man ; bon homme, good 7nan, simple tnan ; brave Yxotaxa^f ^worthy man ; homme

fait, grown-up man ; petit bon

homme, little fellow honnête, honest, virtuous, proper,

civil ; honnête homme, honest

man ; homme honnête, polite

man honnêtement, honestly, civilly honnêteté, f., honesty, civility,

attentions, respectability honneur, m., honour, respect ; se

faire honneur, to glory in, to

consider it an honour honorable, honourable, creditable,

desc>~ving honorer, to honotir, to do credit 'honte, f., shame, disg)'ace; avoir

honte, to be ashamed ; faire

honte à, to disgrace, to 7nake

ashamed ; faire la honte de, to

be the shame of 'honteusement, shamefully 'honteu-x, -se, shameful, disgraceful, ashamed hôpital, m., hospital horloge, f., clock horloger, m., watch or clock

maker horlogerie, f., watch-making,

clock-making hormis, except, save horreur, f., horror horrible, frightful 'hors, oîit, beyond, save ;

hors d'ici ! begone! hors de

soi, oiit of one's senses, beside

one's self hospitalité, f. , hospitality hostile, hostile, unfriendly hostilité, f., hostility, enmity hôte, m., host, guest, inhabitant,

tenant hôtel, ni., mansion, hotel ; hôtel

de ville, to7vn-hall ; Hotel des

Invalides, hold for pensioners ;

maître d'hôtel, strward, butler hôtellerie, f. , inn hôtesse, f., lanllady, hostess,

guest 'hottée, f., basketful 'houille, f., coal, pit-coal 'houillère, f., coal-pit or mine 'honilleuri m,, coal-viincr

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARV.

'liouppe, f., tuft, top-knot

'huche, f., k II ctiJiitg- trough, bin

huile, t., oi!

huis, in., i/ivr

huissier, m., usher, doorkeeper

'huit, eight; dans huit jours, today week ; tcus les huit jours, iiery week

' htiitaine, f., iveek, eight days

'huitième, eighth

humain, -e, human, humane; ^^eiire humain, mankind

humain, m., human being; humains, pi., mankind, men

humanité, f., humanity, mankind, kindness

humble, humble, loivly

humeur, f., humour, temper, disposition, mood, fancy ; mauvaise humeur, ill-humour ; de bonne humeur, good-humoured ; êtie d'humeur à, to be disposed to

humide, wet, damp, moist

humidité, m., moisture, damp

humilier, to humble

humilité, f., humbleness

' hurler, to howl, to yell

'hutte, f. , hut, shed

hymne, m., hymn (song or poem)

hymne, f,, church hymn

Ici, here, no^v ; jusqu'ici, inHil now, hitherto ; ici bas, in this world ; ici près, close by; d'ici, hence ; par ici, this way

idée, f., idea, hint ; il me vient à l'idée, it occurs to me, it strikes me; changer d'idée, to alteiones mind; se mettre dans l'idée, to take it into one's head

ignorer, to be ignorant of, not to kno'iv

il, he, it ; 11 y a des hommes, t'Aère are men

He, f., island, isle

illuminer, to illuminate, to light

illustrer, to illustrate, to make illustrious

ils, (pi, of U), they image f., image, picture imaginaire, imaginary s'imaginer, to fancy, to imagine \va\>éc\\e I foolish, silly imiter, to mimic, to imi'ate immédiatement, immediately immobile, motionless immoler, to sacrifice, to slay immortaliser, to immortalise immortel, -le, immortal impérieu-x, -se, haughty impertinent, -e, saucy, pert,

conceited impétueu-x, -se, impetuous, fiery impie, impious, infidel impitoyable, pitiless, unmerciful implacable, inexorable, relentless implorer, to beseech importance, f., importance, consequence, moment important, -e, important, consequential ; peu important, immaterial importer, to import importer, to concern, to be of importance, to matter; il importe, it matters; qu'importe? what does it j ignify ^ n'importe, no matter, 1 .zver mind ; peu importe, it matters little importun, -e, obtrusiTe, troublesome importuner, to importune, to i trouble imposer, to impose, to awe, to tax impraticable, impracticable impression, f., impression, print inxprévn, -e, unforeseen imprimer, to imprint, to impress,

to print, to impart imprimerie, f., printing, print-

ing-ufiice impropre, improper, wrong improviste, à 1', unexpectedly,

iiiiawares impunément, with impunity imputer, to impute, to ascribe inaltérable, unchangeable inanimé, -e, inanimate, lifeless incendie, m., fire, confiagration \ pompe à incendie, fire-enri^

igS

incertain, -e, tincertain incertitude, f., uncertainty inclinaison, f., inclination incliner, to bend, to imv inclus, -e, cjiclosed ; ci-inclus,

heravith inconnu, -e, adj., unkncnvn inconnu, -e, s., stranger inconstance, f., inconstancy^

ifistabiliiy, fickleness inconstant, -e, iticonstant, fickle,

changeable ' inconvenant, -e, improper inconvénient, m., inconvenience incrédule, unbelieving incroyable, incredible inculper, to tharge, to accuse incursion, f., inctirsion, inroad Inde, f., hîdia ; les Indes, Indies ; Indes Orientales, East Indies ; Indes Occidentales, West Indies indice, m., sign, mark indien, -ne, Indian indigence, f., poverty indigène, native indigne, umoorthy, shocking indigné, -e, indignant s'indigner, to be indignant indiquer, to point out, to inform of indisposé, -e, indisposed, unwell individu, m., individual induire (induisant, induit ; j'induis, j'induisis), to induce, to lead industrie, f., skill, dexterity,

talent, trade, business Inébranlable, unshaken, firm ineffaçable, indelible inégal, -e, unequal, uneveti inépuisable, inexhaustible inespéré, -e, unexpected inévitable, unavoidable inexact, -e, inaccurate, incorrect inexorable, unrelenting inexprimable , inexpressible inextinguible, unquenchable infaillible, unerring infailliblement, infallibly infâme, infamous Infamie, f., infamy infanterie, f., infantry, foot

inférieur, -e, inferior, lower infidèle, adj., unfaithfîtl, faithless infidèle, s. m. f., unbeliever, infidel s'infiltrer, to itifiltrate, to creep infini, -e, infinite, endless ; à

l'infini, endlessly, without end infiniment, it finitely influent, -e, infiuential influer, to influence, to sway information, f., inquiry, information ; aller aux informations, prendre des informations, to 7nake inquiries informe, shapeless informer, to infrm, to acquaint s'informer, to iîiquire, to ask infortune, f. , ntisforttifie infortuné, -e, unfortunate infranchissable, impassable infmctMenaement, fruitlessly infructueu-x, -se, fruitless, unavailing ingénieur, m., engineer ingénieusement, ingeniously ingénieu-x, -se, ingenious s'ingérer, to meddle ingrat, -e, ungrateful, sterile inhabile, unskilful, unfit inhumain, -e, inhtiman inhumer, to inter, to bury inique, iniquitous injure, f., wrong, insult, injwy ; dire des injures à, to abuse ; faire injure à, to injure, to wrong injurier, to abuse, to insult injuste, unjust, wrong injustement, unjustly injustice, f., injustice, wrong innocence, f., harmtessness innombrable, numberless inondation, {., flood, overfloiv inonder, to inundate, to overflo7v,

to deluge, to overrun inopportun, -e, unseasonable inouï, -e, unheard of inqui-et, -ète, uneasy, restless inquiéter, to disquiet, to make

uneasy, to vex, to disturb s'inquiéter, to trouble one' self, to make one's self uneasy

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARV.

lnqTiiéttid«, f., uneasiness, anxiety ; avoir des inquiétudes,

to be anxious

inscrire (écrire) to inscribe

s'inscrire, to inscribe ones ;;,:".'.-■

insecte, m., insect

insensé, -e, insane, mad, foolish

insensible, unfeeling, unconcrrnfJ, senseless, callous

s'insinuer, to insinuate, to creep, .','/£-/ into

insister, to insist, to urge

insolence, f. , impertinence

insolent, -e, impudent

insouciance, f., carelessness

Insouciant, -e, careless, heedless

inspirer, to inspire, to suggest

instamment, earnestly, urgcnliy

instance, f., entreaty, tirgtncy ; avec instance, earnestly ; faire des instances, to entreat

instant, m. , instant, moment ; à l'instant, instantly

instituteur, institutrice, teacher, goz'er/icss

instruction, f., instruction, education, knowledge

instruire, (instruisant, instniit ; j'instruis, j'instruisis), to tecuh, to train up, to inform

s'instruire, to instruct or improz'e ones self

instruit, P. P. of instruire

instrument, m., tool, implement, instrurfient

insu (à I'insu de), unkftown to

insuccès, m., failure

insulte, f., insult, affront ; faire insulte, to insult

s'insurger, to revolt, to rebel

insurmontable, unconquerable

intact, -e, untouched, unimpaired, 2tnsullitd

intègre, honest, upright

intelligence, f., intellect, understanding, knowledge

intendant, m. , steward, surveyor, commissary

intention, f., intent, purpose, view ; avoir l'intention, to in-

tend, to mean, to have an intention

interdire, to forbid, to prohibit, to interdict, to suspend', to amaze, to stun

interdit, -e, interdicted, confused, abashed, nonplussed

intéressant, -e, interesting

intéressé, -e, selfish

s'intéresser, to be interested or concerned, to take an interest

intérêt, m., interest, share

intérieur, -e, interior, inner

interroger, to question

interrompre, to ititerrupt, to break off'

intervenir, to interfere, to intervene, to happen

intervention, f., interference

intimement, intimately

intrépide, fearless

intrépidité, i., fearlessness

intrigue, f., intrigue, plot

intriguer, to puzzle, to perplex, to intrigue

introduire (introduisant, introduit ; j'introduis, j'introduisis), to introduce, to show (bring') in

inutile, tiseless

invalide, m., invalid, military or naval pensioner

inventer, to invent

inven-teur, -trice, inventor

invincible, unconquerable

invité, -e, guest

inviter, to invite, to advise, to ask

invoquer, to invoke, to call

invraisemblable, unlikely

invraisemblance, f., tinlikelihood, improbability

irai. Fut., irais, Cond., of aller

Irlande, f., Ireland

irrégnli-er, -ère, irregular

irrigation, f., waiei'iftg

irrité, -e, irritated, angry, exasperated

irriter, to irritate, to provoke, to exasperate, to sting

Islande, f., Iceland

issue, f., issue, outlet, end means

isthme, m., isthmus

PROGRESSIVE FRENCîl READER.— I.

Italie, f., Italy italien, -ne, Italmn ivre, intoxicated ivresse, f., intoxication ivrogne, m., drunkard ivrognerie, f., drunkenness

j' (for je) before a vowel or silent h Jabot, m., crop, frill jadis, of old, of yore jaillir, to gush, to spring jalousie, f., Jealotisy, Venetian

blind jalou-z, -SG, jealous, ambitious jamais, ever ; ne ... jamais,

never ; à jamais, for ever jambe, f., leg, thigh jambon, m., ham janvier, m., January jardin, m., garden jardinier, m., gardener jarretière, f., garter jatmâtre, yellowish janne, yelloxv

jaunir, to make or become yellozv Je,/

Jean, John jet, m,, throw, casting, dashing,

shoot jetée, f., jetty, pier jeter, to throw, to cast jeu, m., play, sport, acting, game,

gambling, working; jeu de

mots, pun; beau jeu, fair

play ; mettre en jeu, to bring

into play or question jeudi, m., Thursday jeune, young, youthful, junior ;

jeunes gens, youths, young

people; jeune homme, youth,

young man ; jeune personne,

young lady jeunesse, f., youth joailli-er, -hn^ jeweller Joic, f., joy, mirth joindre {joi^ant, joint ; je joins,

je joignis), to join, to unite, to add Joint, -e, P. P.of joindre, tojoin;

ci-Jolnt, herewith, annexed Joli, -e, pretty, vice

joue, f., cheek ; coucher en jone,

to aim at

jouer, to play, to sport, to gatnble, to act, to work; faire jouer, to set going, to work

jouet, m., toy, sport

joueu-r, -ae, player, gambler

joug, m., yoke

jouir (de), to enjoy, to possess

jouissance, f., enjoyment, use

joujou, m. (pi. joujoux), toy

jour, m., day, daylight, opening, way, means, light ; jour de l'an, New Year'' s Day; jours de congé, holidays ; grand jour, broad daylight; plein jour, broad day ; huit jours, a 'week ; quinzejours, a fc-jtnight ; point or pointe du jour, day -break ; il fait jour, it is day -light ; tous les jours, every day ; se faire jour, to make ones way, to cut on^s 'way

journal, m. (pi. journaux), diary, neivspaper

joumali-er, -ère, day-labourer

jOTimée, f., day, day-time, day's work, day's journey, battle

journellement, daily

joyau, m., jewel

joyeu-x, -SG, joyful, mary

juge, rvL., judge

jugement, m., judgment, trial, soitencc

juger, to judge, to try, to sentence, to deem

Jvii-t, -ve, ye7a, Jewess

juillet, m., July

juin, m., futie

jument, f., mare

jupe, f., petticoat, skirt

jurer, to s7oear

jusque, or jusques, as far as, until, till, even, up to, doivn to; jusqu'ici, so far, hitherto ; jusque là, so far, up to that time

jusqu'à ce que, till, until

juste, :)Â].,just, apt, right, tight- Jit ling ; à Juste titre, deservedly

juste, ^àv., just, excutly, right, in

ALPHABETICAL VOCABULARY

iximtemcnt, J Its f, precisely Justesse, i., justness, accuracy Justice, i., justice, righteousness

kilo, or kilo^amme, l,ooo

grammes = about 2 pounds, 3

ounces avoirdupois kilometre, French measure of

length, 1000 mètres = J of the

statute mile

r, instead of le or la, the, before a vowel or h mute ; l'ami, l'homme', l'amie, l'héritière

1', from the pron. le, him, or la, her, before a vowel or h mute ; je l'admire, je l'ai

la, art. f,, the

la, pers. pron., objective case, her, it, &c.

là, adv., there, then ; là-bas, below, down there; là-dessus, thereupon ; là-desioas, under there, below, underneath ; de là, hence ; par là, by that, thereby, that way

labeur, m., labour, toil

laborieu-x, -se, industrious, hard-working

labourage, m., tillage, flottghing

labourer, to till, to plough

laboureur, m., husbandman, tiller, ploughman

lac, m., lake

lacer, to lace

lacet, m., lace, braia

lâche, loose, slothful, slack, cowardly

lâcher, to loosen, to let loose, to slacken, to let go

lâcheté, f., cowardice, meanness

laid, -e, ugly, plain

laine, f., wool, worsted

laisser, to leave, to let, to allow

se laisser, to allow {let) one's self

ne pas laisser de, to be nevertheless, not to cease

lait, m., milk

laitage, m., milk-food, dairy produce

laitière, f., milk-woman, milkmaid

lambeau, m., rag, tatter, shred, strip, scrap

lame, I., plate, sheet, blade, wave, surge

lamentable, mournful

lamentation, f., bewailing, whining

lamenter, to la?nent, to brcvail, to moitrn

lampe, f., lamp

lance, f., lance, spear, staff

lancer, to dart, to throw to launch, to hurl, to shoot, to start

se lancer, to rush

langage, m., language, speech

langue, f., tongue, language

languir, to languish, to pine

lanière, f., thong

lanterne, f., lanteryt

laquais, va., footman, lackey

laquelle, relat. pron. f., who, which

lard, m., bacon

large, broad, wide

large, m., breadth, width, offing; prendre le large, to stand out to sea, to run away

largeur, f., breadth, width

larme, f., tear, drop ; fondre en larmes, to burst into tears

las, -%^, fatigued, tired

lasser, to tiie, to weary

lassitude, f., weariness

lave, f., lava

laver, to rvask

le, art. m. (la, f. ; les, m. and f. pi.), the

le, pers, pron. m. (la, f.; les, m and f. pi.), him, her, it, or so

lécher, to lick

leçon, f., lesson, lecture

lect-enr, -rice, m. f., reader

lecture, f., reading, perusal; faire la lecture, to read

légal, -e, legal, lawful

lég-er, -ère, light, nimble, slender,

slight, thenightless légèrement, lightly, nimbly,

thoughtlessly ^ inconsiderately législateur, m., lawgiver légitime, lawful, legal léguer, to bequeath, to leave légume, m., kitchen vegetable,

pot-herb lendemain, m., following day,

the morrow lent, -e, slow lentement, adv., slowly lequel, relat. pron. (laquelle, f ■

lesquels, m. pi.; lesquelles,

f. pi.), who, wkotn, which, that,

which one; lequel préferez-

vous ? which will you prefer ?

les, art. and pi. of le and la, the les, pron. m. and f. pi., than lesquels, m., lesquelles, f. ; see

lequel leste, nimble, brisk, spruce, light lestement, ninthly, briskly,

cleverly lettre, f., letter; lettres, pi.,

literature leur, pers. pron. m. and f. pi.,

to them, thetn leur, poss. adj. m. and f., their ;

le leur, la leur, les leurs,

poss. pron., theirs Levant, m.. East, Levant levée, f., raising, risittg, le7yi?ig,

embankment, collection lever, to raise, to lift se lever, to rise, to get [stand) up,

to arise lever, m., rising, Iruee ; lever

du soleil, sun-rise lèvre, f., lip lézard, m., lizard liaison, f., union, connection,

acquaintance libérat-eur, -rice, deliverer libérer,' to discharge, to liberate liberté, f., liberty, freedom libraire, m., bookseller librairie, f., bookselling, booktrade, bookseller^ s shop libre, fee, disengaged librement, /r^if/y, boldly

,lien, m,, bond, tie, strap; pi.,

bonds, shackles, irons

lier, to bind, to tie, to fasten, to connect; lier conversation, to enter into conversation

lieu, m. (pi. lieux), place, spot, occasion, reason; au lieu de, instead of ; avoir lieu, to take place ; donner lieu à, to give rise to ; tenir lieu de, to do instead of

lieue, f., league

lièvre, m., hare

ligne, f., line, path, way, fishingline

ligue, f., league, plot

ligruer, to league

lilas, m., lilac

lime, i., file

limite, f., limit, bound

limiter, to limit, to confine

limpide, limpid, clear

limpidité, f., clear nest

linge, m., linen, cloth

linon, m., la7C7i

lion, m., lion ; lionne, f., lioness

liqueur, f., liquor, liquid, cordial

lire (lisant, lu ; je lis, je lus), to read ; lire tout haut, à haute voix, to read loud

lis, m., lily ; fleur de lis, flower de lis or de luce

lisible, legible

lisiblement, legibly

lisière, f., list, selvage, leadingstring, border, skirt

lit, m., bed, bedstead, layer ; garder le lit, to keep one's bed

litre, m. ; 4^ litres = L gallon