Gredins: rascals

3. Ne . . . fois : can easily be at the same Urne, don't find it difficult to be at the same tinte. " Gêner veut dire soumettre à la torture, ancien gehene; cela vient de la géhenne de la Bible ; voyez par exemple Saint- Mathieu, chap. v ; ne pas se gêner veut donc dire : ne pas se soumettre à la torture." (Paul Meyer.)

Page 13. — 1. Montaigne was born in 1 533. He is one of the greatest writers of the sixteenth century. His book, Les Essais, has been translated into many languages. It contains admirable pages on différent subjects. Montaigne's philosophy is a négative one. " Que scai-je ? " was his motto. Nevertheless, he strongly believed in friendship, and the essay which bears this title is perhaps the finest in the whole book. His style is easy, f ull of an enveloping charm which delights the reader. See Emerson\ essay 011 Représentative Men.

2. Il . . . part: it allows my appetites to hâve their full play ; it has nothing to do with them.

Page 14. — 1 . Il . . . Académies : he is a member of two Académies. There are five Académies in France, the réunion of which is called Institut. Thèse Académies are Académie Française, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Académie des Sciences, Académie des Beaux-arts, and Académie des Sciences morales et politiques. The first was established by Richelieu in 1635, an d tne others in the same century, except the Académie des Sciences morales et politiques, which was established later on by the French Révolution. Each of thèse académies has forty members. Renan was a

member both of the Académie Française and of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.