livre, m., book

loger, to live; se — , résidé, live.

loin, far, far away; de — , at a distance; de — en — , at intervals.

lointain, -e, distant, long, -ue, long; à la longue, in the long run.

long, m.y length; le — de, along; down; tout au — , from beginning to end; de tout son — , his whole length, at full length.

longe,/., tether.

longtemps, long, for a long time.

longue, /. of long, lorgnette,/., field-glass.

lorsque, when.

louange, /., praise,

lS2

VOCABULARY

loucher, to squint; stare.

louer, to praise; hire; se — , hire oneself out.

loup, m., wolf.

lourd, -e, heavy; thick.

loyal, -e, loyal, lueur,/., (dim) light.

lui, to him; to her; to it; him,

her, it; même, himself,

itself.

luire, to shine.

luisait, imperf . of luire, luisant, -e, shining, glossy.

lumière,/., light.

lunettes, /. plur ., spectacles, lut, past def. of lire, luthier, m., lute-maker.

lutter, to struggle.

Lyon, Lyons.

lyrique, lyric.

M. = Monsieur.

m? =me.

ma, /. of mon.

magie,/., magic, magnan, m., silkworm.

magnétique, magnetic.

magnifique, magnificent, splendid.

mai, m., May.

maigre, lean, thin; dulL maigrir, to become thin, lose flesh.

main, /., hand; side; de la — , on the side of the led horse.

maintenant, now.

maire, m., mayor. mairie, /., town hall, mais, but; why! — oui, why yes; — non, no indeed.

maison,/., house.

maisonnette,/., small house.

maître, m ., master; schoolmaster; employer, maîtresse, /., mistress, lady of the house.

maîtresse, adj., superior.

maîtrise,/., singing-school for choir-boys.

mal, adv., badly; wrong.

mal, m., harm; faire — à, to hurt.

mal, -e ( obsolète adj.), bad, great, bitter.

malade, sick.

malade, m., patient, malgré, in spite of.

malheur, m., misfortune; par — , unfortunately.

malheureusement, unfortunately.

malheureu-x, -se, unhappy, unfortunate, wretched, unlucky.

malheureux, m ., wretch.

malhonnêtement, rudely.

malice,/., teasing.

mal-in, -igné, shrewd, sly, malicious, roguish; clever.

VOCABULARY

malingre, sickly, puny. malle,/., trunk.

manche, /., sleeve; — à gigot, leg of mutton sleeve.

mangeoire,/., manger, manger, to eat; wear out.

manière, /., manner, way; bonnes — s, kind greetings; attentions.

manquer, to miss, be missing;

fail; lack, be lacking.

manuscrit, m., manuscript.

maquis, m., thicket.

marche, /., mardi, step, progress; se mettre en — , to start.

marché, m., market-place, marcher, to walk ; ça marche, everything is progressing nicely.

mardi, m., Tuesday.

maréchal, m.f marshal.

marelle,/., hop-scotch.

marguillier, m ., churchwarden.

mari, m., husband.

mariage, m., marriage.

marier, to marry; se — avec, marry.

marine, /., navy; soldat de — , marine.

marjolaine, /., sweet marjoram {plant).

marquer, to show; — le pas, beat the time.

Marseille, Marseilles.

marteau, m., hammer.

martyre, m., martyrdom.

masser (se), togather, muster.

massif, m., cluster {of shrubs ).

massue,/., club, masure, /., tumble-down building.

maternel, -le, maternai, native.

matin, m., morning; de si grand — , so early.

matinée,/., morning.

maudire, to curse.

maudit, -e, past part, of maudire.

maugréer, to grumble.

maussade, gloomy.

mauvais, -e, bad; unpleasant; poor.

mauvais, m., worthless fellow, rascal.

me, me, to me.

méchamment, wickedly.

méchant, -e, wicked, bad.

méchante,/., naughty girl.

médaille,/., medal.

méfier (se), to distrust, bcware.

meilleur, -e, better; bcst.

mélancolique, mclancholy, sad.

mêler, to minglc, mix; se — à, join.

membre, m., member.

même, adj ., self; same; very; à Theure — , at the very hour.

VOCABULARY

même, adv ., even; tout de — , ail the same.

ménager, m., {dialectal word) farmer.

mener, to lead, take.

mens, près. ind. of mentir, mentir, to lie.

menton, m., chin.

merci, thanks; Dieu — , thank God.

mère, /.,. mother.

merle, m ., blackbird.

merveilleu-x, -se, marvelous, wonderful.

mes, plur. of mon.

messe, /., mass; grand* — , high mass.

mesure,/., measure; à — que, in proportion as.

met, près. ind. of mettre, métairie,/., farm.

métal, m., métal.

métier, m., trade, profession; loom.

mettre, to put, put on, place, set; se — à {-\~infmitive) ,

begin to; se — à table, sit down to eat.

meule,/., millstone. meunerie,/., miller’s business, meunier, m ., miller.

meunière, /., miller’s wife, miller’s daughter.

meurtrière, /., loophole.

microscopique, microscopie, jïlfinHely small.

midi, south; noon.

mien (le), la mienne, mine, mieux, better; best; aimer — , to prefer; de mon — , the best I could.

mignon, -ne, pretty, dainty.

milieu, m., middle, midst.

militaire, military.

mille, thousand.

mine,/., mien, look; faire — de, to prétend to.

miniature,/., miniature, minoterie,/., steam mill.

minotier, m., owner of a steam mill.

minuit, m., midnight.

minute,/., minute, mioche, m,, brat, urchin.

miracle, m., miracle, miraculeu-x, -se, miraculous, of miracles, mirent, mis, past def.; mis, -e, past part, of mettre, miser, to stake.

misérable, m., wretch, rascal.

misère,/., misery.

miséricorde,/., mercy.

mistral, m ., mistral {cold northwest wind in Southern France) .

mit, past def. of mettre, mitraille,/., grape-shot.

mitre,/., miter, mitron, m., baker’s apprentice, baker’s errand boy.

VOCABULARY

mobile, w., militia man.

mode, /., fashion; mettre à la — , to render popular.

moi, I, me, to me; même,

myself.

moindre, less; least.

moins, less, least; au — , at least.

mois, m., month.

moisson,/., harvest.

moitié,/., half; à — , half.

moment, m., moment, mon, ma, mes, my.

monde, m., world; people;

tout le — , everybody.

monsieur, m., sir; Mr.; gentleman.

monstre, m ., monster.

montagne,/., mountain, montant, -e, ( waist ) short, montée,/., ascent.

monter, to mount, ascend, go up, corne up, climb; rise; ex tend; stock, montrer, to show, point out; se — , show oneself; point out to one another.

moquer (se), to make fun.

morceau, w., piece.

morne, sad, gloomy. mort, -e, dead; also past part.

of mourir, mort,/., death.

mot, m.f word; countersign; joke, wittiçismu

motus, excl. ( sound the s), hush! not a word!

mouchard, m., spy.

mouche,/., fly.

moucheté, -e, spotted, dappled.

moucheron, m., gnat.

mouchoir, w., handkerchief.

moudre, to grind.

mouiller, to wet, moisten.

mouillure,/., wetting.

moulin, w., mill; — à vent, windmill.

moulu, -e, past part, of moudre.

mourir, to die; go out.

mourut, past def. of mourir, moustache,/., mustache.

mouton, m., sheep.

mouvement, m., movement, motion.

moyen, m., means.

muet, -te, mute, silent.

mule,/., mule, mulet, m., mule, multiplier (se), to be multiplied; be displayed.

mur, m ., wall.

muraille,/., wall.

murmure, m., murmur.

muscat, m., muscatel (winè). musique,/., music; band.

myrte, m ., myrtle.

mystère, m., mystery.

mystérieu-x, -se, mysteri-

QUS,

VOCABULARY

n’ =ne.

nacre,/., mother-of-pearl.

nager, to swim; nageant des pattes, dangling.

naï-f, -ve, naïve, artless, candid, innocent, simple, naïvement, naïvely, candidly.

napolitain, -e, Neapolitan.

nappe,/., tablecloth.

narguer, to mock, tantalize, narine,/., nostril.

nation,/., nation, national, -e, national, navette,/., shuttle.

navré, -e, heartbroken; very sad.

ne, no, not; — ... pas, not; — ... pas de, no, not any; — ... guère, hardly, scarcely; — ... jamais, never; — ... point, not at ail; — ... que, only, but; — ... rien, nothing.

neige,/., snow.

net, -te, neat, clear.

neu-f, -ve, new; newly written.

neuve, f. of neuf, neveu, m., nephew.

nez, m., nose.

ni, neither; nor.

nid, m., nest; courir les — s, to go nest hunting.

noble, m ., noble, noble-

man.

noce, /., wedding.

nœud, m ., knot.

noir, -e, black, dark.

noisette,/., hazelnut.

nom, m., name.

nommer, to call.

non, no, not; — pas que, not that, not because; — plus, no more, no longer; ni . . . — plus, nor . . .

either.

nord, w., north.

nos, plur. of notre, notre, our; — chèvre, that goat of ours, nôtre (le, la), ours, nourrir, to feed.

nous, we, us, to us, ourselves; each other, to each other.

nou-veau, -vel, -le, new;

other; new kind of.

nouvelle, /., piece of news, news, tidings.

noyer, to drown; hide; se — , be drowned.

noyer, m., walnut-tree.

nu, -e, naked, bare.

nuit, /., night; cette — , tonight; de — , by night.

nullement, not at ail.

numéroter (se), to number oneself, answer the rollcall.

VOCABULARY

objet, m., object.

obliger, to oblige, observation, /., objection, obus, m. ( sound the s), shell.

occupé, -e, busy.

odeur,/., odor, smell.

œil, m., eye.

œuvre, m. and /., work; banc d* — , churchwarden’s pew.

officier, ni., officer.

offrir, to offer.

Ogive,/., ogive, pointed arch;

en — , ogival, pointed.

ohé! excl., halloo!

oiseau, ni., bird.

olivade, /., olive-gathering.

olivier, m., olive-tree.

ombre,/., shade, shadow.

ombrelle,/., parasol, on or Bon, one, people, they, we, you.

ondé, -e, wavy.

onduler, to undulate.

opération,/., operation, opérer, to operate; — sur, act upon, influence, or, conj., now.

or, m., gold; d* — , golden, orage, m., electric storm.

ordinaire, ordinary; d* — , usually.

ordination, /., ordination, installation, ordre, m., order.

oreille, /., ear; parler or dire

à V — , to whisper.

oreiller, m., pillow.

Orion, m., Orion ( a Southern constellation).

orme, m., elm.

orner, to adorn.

orpheline,/., orphan girl.

orphelinat, m., orphanage.

oser, to dare.

osier, m., wicker.

ou, or.

où, where; d ' — , whence? par — , which way?

ouaille, /., sheep; plur ., flock.

oublier, to forget.

oui, yes.

ourdisseuse, /., warper.

ourse,/., she-bear; la grande Ourse, the Great Bear or Ursa Major (in astrono -

my).

ouvert, -e, past part, of ouvrir.

ouvrage, m., work.

ouvre, près. ind. and imper, of

ouvrir.

ouvrir, to open; s1 — , to open; bloom.

page, m., page (boy).

page,/., page (of a book).

paille,/., straw.

VOCABULARY

pain, m., bread.

paisible, peaceful.

paix,/., peace.

palais, m., palace, pâle, pale; dim.

pâlir, to become pale, palme,/., palm.

pan, m., side.

panier, m., basket, panique,/., panic.

panneau, m., panel, papa, m ., papa, father.

papal, -e, papal, pape, m., pope, papier, m., paper.

Pâques, m., Easter.

par, by , through ; in ; — 1 à, that way; — là-dessus, above ail that; — où, which way; — semaine, a week, paradis, m., paradise.

paraissait, imperf.; paraît, près. ind. of paraître, paraître, to appear.

paralysie, /., paralysis.

parbleu ( a corruption of par Dieu), of course; upon my word.

parc, ra., sheepfold.

parce que, because.

par-dessus, above, over.

pareil, -le, alike, like it, such.

parents, m. plur ., parents, parer, to adorn, dress up.

paresseu -x, -se, lazy.

parfum, m., perfume, flavor.

parfumer, to perfume, scent.

Parisien, -ne, Parisian.

parler, to speak.

parmi, among, amidst.

parole,/., word.

part, m., part, share; à — , aside; de ma — , for me.

partage, m., division, partager, to share, divide.

parterre, m ., flower bed.

parti, m., party; être du — de, to side with.

participe, m., participle.

partie,/., game, partir, to départ, leave, issue, set out, start; à — de . .

from . . . on.

partout, everywhere; un peu — , here and there.

paru, -e, past part.; parurent, parut, past def. of paraître.

parvenir, to succeed.

parvint, past def. of parvenir, pas, m., step; threshold; au — de course, in quick time.

pas, adv.y no, not; ne . . .

— , no, not.

passage, m., passage; au — or sur son — , as she passed.

passementer, to lace, adorn.

passer, to pass, spend; be visible; se — , pass, elapse, happen, take place, passereau, m., small bird.

passion,/., passion, love.

VOCABULARY

patati et patata, tittle-tattle, and so on and so forth.

pâte,/., paste, pastry.

pâté, m., patty, cake, patience,/., patience, pâtissier, m ., pastry-cook.

patois, m., dialect.

pâtre, m.y shepherd.

patrie,/., native land.

patriotique, patriotic.

patriotisme, m., patriotism.

patte,/., paw, foot.

pâturage, m.f pasture.

pauvre, adj.y poor.

pauvre, m.y beggar; de — , pitiful.

pauvrette,/., poor little one.

pavé, m ., pavement, pavoiser, to deck, dress (with flags).

payer, to pay; offer.

pays, m.y country; fatherland; district; village, paysan, m., peasant.

peau,/., skin.

pécaïre ( a Provençal exclamation)y alas! isn’t that too bad?

pêcher, to fish.

peindre, to paint.

peine,/., grief; trouble, difficulty; à — , hardly, scarcely, no sooner; faire de la — , to grieve; ce n’est pas la — , it is not worth while.

peint, -e, past part . of peindre.

pêle-mêle, pell-mell.

pèlerinage, m., pilgrimage.

pèlerine,/., cape, pencher, to bend, lean, stoop;

se — , lean; stoop.

pendant, during, for; — que, while.

pendre, to hang.

pendule, /., clock, mantelclock.

pénétrer, to enter, pénitent, m., penitent.

pensée,/., thought, idea.

penser, to think; j’y pense, I think of it.

pensionnaire, m. and /., boarder.

pente, /., slope; en — , sloping.

percher, to perch.

perdre, to lose, waste; se — , get lost.

père, m., father; le — Stenne, old Stenne.

perle,/., pearl.

perron, m., porch, stoop.

persienne,/., outside shutter.

personne, /., person; en — , herself.

personne, m., anybody; nobody; ne . . . — , nobody.

perspective, /., prospect, peser, to weigh; rest.

pétard, m., fire-cracker.

petit, -e, small, little.

petit, -e, m. or /., little one

VOCABULARY

youngster; les tout — s, the youngest section, petite-fille, /., granddaughter.

pétrole, m., kerosene oil.

peu, little; — à — , gradually; — de chose, not much, a trifie.

peuple, m., nation, peur, /., fear; avoir — , to be afraid; faire — , frighten; de — de, for fear of, in order not to.

peut-être, perhaps.

phrase,/., sentence, physionomie, /., physiognomy, appearance, face, piano, m ., piano, pic, ra., peak.

pièce,/., piece; room; coin, pied, w., foot; mettre sur — , to set (somebody) on his feet.

pierre, /., stone.

piétiner, to trample, walk.

pieu, m., stake.

pigeon, m ., pigeon.

pile, /., pile, heap.

pin, m., pine-tree.

pincer, to pinch; arrest.

pipe, /., pipe.

piquer, to stick.

pis, worse, worst.

pitié, /., pity.

pittoresque, picturesque.

place, /., place, spot, square;

room; seat; job, position; à leur — , on their sites, placer, to place, plafond, m ., ceiling.

plaignait, imperf. of plaindre, plaindre (se), to complain.

plaine,/., plain.

plainte,/., wail.

plaire, to please.

plaisir, m., pleasure; fun. plaît, près. ind. of plaire, planter, to plant, plat, -e, fiat; à — , on their fiat sides.

plateau, m ., table-land.

plate-forme,/., platform.

plâtras, w., piece of dried mortar, old plaster.

plâtre, m., plaster.

Pléiade, /,. Pléiades, Pleiads, the seven stars, plein, -e, full; en — jour, in broad daylight; en — trottoir, right on the sidewalk.

pleurer, to weep.

pliant, m., camp-stool, folding-stool.

plier, to fold.

plisser, to plaît, pluie, /., rain; — dorage, stormy shower.

plume,/., feather; pen.

plus, more, no more; most;

— dhin, more than one; de

— que, more; de — en — , more and more; ne . . .

VOCABULARY

— , no more, no longer; ne . . . — que, nobody but; nothing else but; ni . . . non — , nor * . .

either.

plusieurs, several. plutôt, rather.

poche,/., pocket, poème, ni., poem.

poète, m ., poet.

poignée,/., handful.

poil, m., hair.

pointe, /., point, top, highest point.

pois, w., pea; petits — , green peas.

polaire, polar, poliment, politely.

polir, to polish; se — , become shining.

politesse, /., politeness.

politique,/., politics.

pomme de terre,/., potato.

pommette, /., cheek-bone.

pompeusement, stately.

pompon, m., tuft.

pont, m., bridge, pontife, m., pontiff.

portail, m., portai, doorway.

porte, /., door, gâte, threshold.

porter, to carry, bring.

portrait, m ., portrait, posé, -e, adj., sedate, quiet, poser, to place, lay; se — , placeoneself;belaid;alight.

position,/., position, poste, m., post, military post.

poster (se), to place oneself, take one’s station, pot, m ., pot, pitcher.

poudre, /., powder.

pour, for, to, in order.

pourboire, m ., tip. pourpoint, m ., doublet, jacket.

pourpre, purple.

pourquoi, why.

pourtant, however.

pourvu que, provided that, if only.

poussée, /., rush, crush.

pousser, to push, drive; wheel; send forth; utter; urge; grow; se — du coude, nudge each other.

poussière, /., dust; — humide, spray; — de soleil, golden haze.

poussiéreu-x, -se, dusty.

poussinière, /., chicken-coop;

{pop. astr) Pléiades, pouvoir, to be able, can, may.

pratique,/., customers.

pré, m., meadow.

précaution, /., précaution, prêchi-prêcha, w., preaching, sermon.

précieu-x, -se, precious.

précipiter (se), to rush, throw oneself.

précis, -e, sharp.

IÇ2

VOCABULARY

préférence,/., preference.

premi-er, -ère, first.

prenait, imperf.; prenant, près.

part, of prendre, prendre, to take; take up; undertake; assume; join; — son élan, get ready for a kick; — le soleil, bask in the sun; s’y — , go about it.

prenez, imper, and près. ind.

of prendre.

préparer, to préparé; se — , get ready.

près, adv ., near; — de, conj ., near, by.

présence,/., presence.

présent (à), now.

présenter, to présent, presque, almost.

pressé, -e, in a hurry.

presser, to press, hurry; se — , hurry; crowd, swarm.

prestance,/., bearing.

prêt, -e, ready.

prétendre, to claim.

prétexter, to pretext, plead.

preuve,/., proof; à — , for instance.

prévenance,/., kindness.

prévenir, to warn.

prévision, /., prévision, forecast.

prier, to beg.

prince, w., prince, principalement, especially.

principe, m., principle, beginning.

printemps, m., spring.

prirent, past def. of prendre.

pris, -e, past part, of prendre, prise, /., taking; — d’armes,

call to arms.

prison, /., prison, prisonnier, m., prisoner.

prit, past def. of prendre, privation,/., privation, priver, to deprive.

prix, m., price; prize.

probable, probable, likely.

procession, /., procession, long line.

prodigieu-x, -se, wonderful.

produire, to cause, produit, -e, past part, of produire.

profiter, to profit, profond, -e, profound, deep.

promenade,/., walk.

promener, to take about; se — , take a walk or a ride, prononcer, to pronounce.

propos (à), by the way.

proposer, to offer.

propriété,/., property.

protéger, to protect.

protester, to protest, prouver, to prove.

provençal, -e, Provençal, proverbe, m., proverb.

province, /., province; en — ,

outside of Paris, in the country.

provision,/., provision, prussien, -ne, Prussian.

Prussien, m., Prussian.

pu, past part, of pouvoir, puis, then.

puisque, since.

puissant, -e, powerful.

punir, to punish.

punition, /., punishment; extra task ( at school).

pupille, m., ward.

pupitre, m.y desk.

purent, pus, put, past def. of pouvoir.

qu’ =que.

qualité,/., quality.

quand, when.

quant à, as to.

quarante, forty.

quart, m., quarter; fourth.

quartier, m., quarter, district, quatre, four, quatre-vingts, eighty.

quatrième, fourth.

que, conj.y that; than; as; how; when; ne . . . — , only, but; — de! how many!

que, pron.y whom, which, that, what; qu’est-ce que c’est? what is it?

quel, -le, what.

quelque, some, any ; — chose, something; — que, whatever.

quelquefois, sometimes.

quelqu’un, some one.

quenouille,/., distaff.

question, /., question, quêteu-r, -se, begging, mendicant.

queue,/., tail; rear.

qui, who, whom; which, that;

ce — , what.

quinzaine,/., fortnight.

quinze, fifteen; — jours, fortnight.

quitter, to leave.

quoi, what, which; à — bon?

what’s the use? de — , the wherewithal, enough; sur — , thereupon.

quoique, although.

raconter, to relate, tell, radieu-x, -se, radiant, beaming.

raffoler de, to dote on, be very fond of.

rafler, to carry off; arrest.

rafraîchir, to cool.

rafraîchissement, m.y cooling effect.

rage,/., rage.

raide, stiff; tomber — , to fall at full iength.

raideur, /., stiffness.

raison,/., reason, argument, ramasser, to pick up.

ramener, to bring back, bring home.

rampe, /., handrail, railing.

ramper, to creep, crawl, rancune,/., grudge, spite.

rancuni-er, -ère, spiteful.

rang, m., rank; row.

ranger, to arrange; être rangé, be sitting (in rows).

rapidement, quickly.

rappel, m ., call to arms.

rappeler (se), to remember.

rapprocher (se), to corne nearer.

rare, scarce.

ras, m., level.

rassurer, to reassure, rateau, m., rake.

rattraper, to overtake.

ravi, -e, delighted.

ravin, m., ravine, raviser (se), to change one’s mind.

ravissement, m., delight, joy.

rayon, m., shelf.

rayonnant, -e, beaming.

réactionnaire, m., reactionary, conservative (in politics) .

réaliser (se), to be realized.

rebord, m., edge.

réception, /., réception, welcome.

recevoir, to receive, welcome.

réchapper, to escape; en — , get out of this safe and sound.

réchaud, m., chafing-dish, dish-warmer.

recherche, /., search, investigation.

récit, m ., narrative, story.

réciter, to recite, recommandation, /., recommendation, advice.

recommencer, to begin again.

récompenser, to reward.

reconnaître, to recognize.

reconnus, -t, past def. of reconnaître.

reçu, -e, past part.; reçut, past def. of recevoir, recueilli, -e, pensive, reculer, to retreat, fall back.

rédiger, to draw up, write.

redingote,/., frock-coat.

redire, to repeat.

redonner, to give back.

redoubler, to increase the number.

redresser (se), to stand up again.

refuser, to refuse, décliné, regard, m ., glance, look;

countenance; mind’s eye.

regarder, to look, look at; se — , look at each other.

règle, /., rule; ruler.

régler, to settle.

regretter, to regret, rein, m., kidney; plur., back.

reine,/., queen.

rejoindre, to join.

relever, to lift, religieusement, religiously.

relique,/., relie, reluire, to glitter, sparkle.

reluisant, -e, shining.

remarquer, to notice, remblai, m., embankment.

remercier, to thank.

remettre, to put back, postpone; give; hand; recover.

remis, -e, past part, of remettre.

remonter, to go up.

rempart, m ., rampart.

remplacer, to replace, remplir, to fill.

remuement, m ., moving.

remuer, to move; stir; wave, rencontrer, to meet.

rendre, to render, return, give back; make; pay.

renom, m., famé, réputation, rente, /., yearly income.

renseigner, to give information.

rentrée,/., return.

rentrer, to reënter, corne back, corne home, go back (into), go in again; bring back.

renverser, to throw back.

renvoyer, to send away.

répandre (se), to bc spread.

repas, m ., meal.

repasser, to pass again.

répéter, to repeat, go over.

répondre, to answer, rcply.

réponse,/., answer.

reposer, to rest; se — , rest.

repousser, to push back.

reprenait, imper}, ôf reprendre.

reprendre, to take back; take up; repeat; — haleine, take breath.

représenter, to represent; se — , imagine, reproche, m., reproach.

reprocher, to reproach.

république,/., republic, réquisition,/., réquisition, résister, to resist.

résolut, past def. of résoudre.

résoudre, to détermine, respect, m.9 respect, respecter, to respect; se — , hâve self-respect, be a selfrespecting man.

respiration,/., breath.

respirer, to breathe, inhale, resplendissant, -e, resplendent, brilliant.

ressembler, to resemble; se — , resemble each other.

reste (du), besides.

VOCABULARY

rester, to remain, stay; en — là, go no further.

retard, m., delay; en — , late.

retarder, to be slow, retenir, to retain, keep back, hold back, stifle; stop, retint, past def. of retenir, retour, m., return.

retourner, to return, go back;

turn; se — , turn around.

retraite, /:, retreat.

retrouver, to find again, see again; get; s’y —, get one’s bearings, find one’s way.

réunir, to reuni te; se — , meet.

réussir, to succeed; be successful.

rêve, m., dream.

réveiller (se), to awake.

revenir, to corne back, return; be repeated; on n’en revient guère, very few recover from it.

revenu, -e, past part, of revenir.

rêver, to dream.

révérence,/., bow, courtesy.

reverrai, fut. of revoir, reviendriez, cond .; reviens, près. ind. and imper.; revinrent, revins, past def. of revenir.

revit, past def. of revoir, revivre, to revive; faire — , bring back to life.

revoir, to see again.

révolution,/., révolution, revoyait, imperf. of revoir, revu, -e, past part, of revoir.

Rhône, m ., the Rhône River, riant, -e, smiling, cheerful.

ribambelle,/., long line, richesse,/., wealth, riches, ride,/., wrinkle.

ridé, -e, wrinkled.

rideau, m., curtain.

rien, anything, nothing; cela ne fait rien, that makes no différence; — de plus, nothing else; ne . . . — , nothing; — que, only; merely.

rieu-r, -se, laughing, merry.

rime,/., rhyme.

rire, to laugh; — de, laugh at.

rire, m ., laughter, laugh; un petit — , chuckle, titter.

risquer, to run the risk.

robe, /., dress, gown.

roche,/., rock.

rocher, m., rock; fragment of a rock.

rôder, to roam, walk about, roi, m., king.

rompre, to break, ronde, /., round, dance {in a ring)’, round hand; à la — , ail around; à dix lieues à la — , within a radius of ten leagues.

rond-point, m., circle.

ronfler, to snore; beat.

rose, rosy, rosy-colored, pink.

rose, m ., rose color, pink.

rôti, w., roast.

roucouler, to coo.

roue,/., wheel.

rouge, red.

rouler, to roll; se — , roll, wallow.

rousse, /. of roux, route, /., road; trip; en — , on the way; sur sa — , as the mule passed by; courir les — s, to travel; se mettre en — , start.

rou-x, -sse, reddish; brown.

royal, -e, royal, ruade, /., kick, ruban, m., ribbon.

rubis, m.j ruby.

ruche, /., beehive.

rude, hard; tierce, rue, /., Street, ruisseau,/., brook; gutter.

ruisselant, -e, dripping.

rythmé, -e, rhythmically accompanied.

s* = se ; also si before il, ils.

sabot, m ., hoof.

sabre, m., saber.

sac, m., sack, bag.

sachant, près. part, of savoir, sacré, -e, confounded.

sacristain, m ., sexton.

safran, m., saffron; de — , yellow.

sagesse,/., wisdom.

sain, -e, healthy, sound.

sainfoin, m., timothy grass.

saint, -e, saint, holy, sacred.

saintement, saintly.

sainteté, /., holiness.

Saint-Père, m ., Holy Father (pope).

sais, près. ind. of savoir, salle, /., hall; room; class room; dining-room; — à manger, dining-room.

salon, m ., drawing room.

saluer, to bow, bow to; greet.

salut, m., greeting; good-by.

salve,/.., salute, volley.

sang, m., blood.

sanglant, -e, bloody; purplish.

sanglot, m ., sob.

sangloter, to sob.

sans, without, but for.

santé,/., health.

sapin, m., fir-tree.

Sarrasin, m ., Saracen.

Saturne, m., Saturn.

sau-f, -ve, safe.

saut, vt., leap, jump.

sauter, to jump, leap.

sautillant, -e, hopping.

sauvage, wild.

sauver, to save.

sauvetage, m., rescue.

iç8

savoir, to know, know how.

savoir, m., knowledge, savoureu-x, -se, savory.

scandaliser, to shock.

scélérat, m., rascal, bandit, scierie,/., sawrnill.

sculpteur, m. ( do not Sound the p), sculptor.

se, s’, oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves.

sec, sèche, dry.

sécher, to dry.

secouer, to shake, agitate.

secousse,/., shock.

secret, m., secret, section,/., section, division, sédentaire, m., local militiaman.

séduire, to lead astray.

seigneur, m., lord, selon, according to.

semaine,/., week, semblant, m., pretense; faire —, to prétend, sembler, to seem.

semer, to sow.

sens, m., sense.

sensation,/., sensation, sentier, m., path.

sentinelle,/., sentry.

sentir, to feel; smell; stink, smack of; hâve an air of; se — , feel thali one has cr is.

sept, seven.

seras, serez, fut. of être, sérénité,/., serenity.

sergent, m.y sergeant. sérieu-x, -se, serious.

serrer, to press, squeeze;

shake; se — , sit close, serrure, /., lock; trou de la — , keyhole.

sert, près. ind. of servir, service, m., service, serviette,/., napkin.

servir, to serve; help; — de, serve as; se — de, make use of.

serviteur, m., servant.

ses, plur. of son.

seuil, m., threshold.

seul, -e, alone.

seulement, only.

sévèrement, severely.

si, conj., if; whether.

si, adv., so; yes.

siège, m ., siégé; seat.

sien (le), la -ne, his, hers, its;

des — s, of her family.

sieste,/., afternoon nap.

siffler, to whistle.

sifflet, m., whistle.

signe, m., sign; faire — , to nod, motion.

signer (se), to cross oneself, make the sign of the cross.

s;gnet, m. (do not sound the g ), book-mark. signifier, to mean.

silence, «v., silence silencieu-x, -se, silent silhouette,/., silhouette

VOCABULARY

igg

simples, m. plur.y médicinal plants.

simplifier, to simplify.

singuli-er, -ère, strange, odd.

sinistre, sinistcr, gloomy.

sire, m ., sire, sir.

Sirius, w., Sirius, dog-star.

sitôt, so soon ; — dit, — fait, no sooner said than done.

six, six.

sœur, /., sister.

soie,/., silk.

soin, m., care.

soir, m., evening.

sois, imper, and près, subj.; soit, près. subj. of être.

soixante, sixty.

sol, m., ground.

soldat, m., soldier.

soleil, m ., sun, sunshine.

solennel, -le, solemn.

solide, solid, substantial.

solitude,/., solitude, somme, /., sum; en — , on the whole.

somme, m., nap.

sommeil, m ., sleep.

son, sa, ses, his, her, its.

songer, to dream; think.

sonnaille,/., bell.

sonner, to sound, ring, resound, jingle, strike.

sonnette,/., door-bell.

sont, près. ind. of être, sorcier, m ., sorcerer.

sorcière,/., witch.

sorte,/., kind.

sortie, /., coming out, end.

sortir, to go out, corne out;

leave; take out.

sou, m., cent, souche,/., stump.

soudain, suddenly.

souffler, to blow, pufï, breath hard.

souffrir, to suffer.

souhaiter, to wish.

soûl {do not sound final l), -e, intoxicated.

soulager, to relieve.

soulier, w., shoe.

soupe, /., soup.

souper, to take supper.

source,/., spring.

sourciller, to wince, sourd-muet, m ., deaf-mute.

sourire, to smile.

sourire, m., smile.

souris,/., mouse.

sous, under, below.

sous, plur. of sou.

sous-officier, m., non-commissioned officer.

souvenir (se), to remember.

souvent, often.

souviendrai, fut.; souviens, près. ind. of souvenir, square, m ., square, store, m., window-shade.

stupéfait, -e, dumfounded.

VOCABULARY

stupeur, /., stupor, unconsciousness, astonishment.

su, -e, past part, of savoir, subitement, suddenly.

suc, m., juice.

succès, m., success.

sucre, m., sugar.

sucrer, to sweeten with sugar.

suer, to sweat.

suis, près. ind. of être, suite, /., continuation; tout de — , at once, suivant, -e, following.

suivre, to follow.

sujet, m., subject; à ce — , about it or them.

superbe, fine, beautiful.

supplication, /., prayer.

sûr, -e, sure, certain, sûr, adv.y surely.

sur, on, upon, about, surmonter, to surmount, cap.

surprendre, to take by surprise, astonish; intercept, find out.

surpris, -e, past part.; surprit, past def. of surprendre, sursaut, m ., start; afflux, burst; en — , with a start. surtout, above ail, especially.

surveiller, to watch.

surveillance, /., watcli.

suspect, -e, suspicious.

syllabe,/., syllable.

symétriquement, with symmetry.

t,=te.

ta, /. of ton.

tabac (do not Sound the c ), m ., tobacco; — d’Espagne, snuff colored.

table, /., table, desk.

tableau, m ., picture; blackboard.

tablette,/., sheif, window-sill.

tablier, m ., apron.

tâche,/., task, undertaking.

tacher, to stain.

taille, /., waist.

taillole, /., (dialectal word) sasb, wide belt.

talus, m., embankment, slope.

tambour, m., drum; drummer.

tambourin, m., tambourine, tandis que, while, whereas.

tant, so much, so many; — que, adv.y as much as; conj.y so long as; — bien que mal, as well as I could.

tante, /., aunt.

tantôt, soon; — * . ., — ...

now . . ., now . . .

tapage, m., noise, uproar. tape, /., slap.

taper, to rap, strike.

tapis, m., carpet.

tapisser, to drape, hang.

tard, late.

tas, m.y heap, pile.*

VOCABULARY

te, you, to you.

tel, -le, such.

témoin, m.y witness; scene; Dieu m’est — , I call God to witness.

temps, m., timc; wcather; de

ce là, at that time; de

— en — , from time to time.

tendre, to stretch, stretch out; open.

tendresse, /., affection, tenez! excl. , see! there!

tenir, to hold, keep; hold out; find room; — à, insist on, be anxious to; — bien, hold fast to, retain; — bon, resist; se — , stand, stand up, hold out; il n’y tint plus, he could not stand it any longer; il ne s’en tint pas là, he was not satisfied with that.

tentation,/., temptation.

tente,/., tent.

tenter, to tempt, try; attract.

tenu, -e, past part, of tenir, tenue, /., bearing, dress; mauvaise — , unsoldiery appearance; en grande — , in full dress; en — de bal, in bail dress.

terminé, -e, over.

terre, /., earth, soil, ground, land; — blanche, white clay; par — , on the ground; on the floor.

terreur,/., terror, fright.

terreu-x, -se, earth stained, dirty.

terrible, terrible, frightful.

testament, m., last will.

tête, /., head; wits; n’avoir plus sa — , to be dizzy, lose one’s wits; en perdre la — , become crazy.

théâtre, m ., theater; coup de — , stage effect.

tic tac, m., tick-tack; click, noise; ticking.

tienne, près, stibj.; tiens, près. ind. or imper, of tenir, tiens! excl., there!

tient, près. ind. of tenir, timbale,/., cup ( of métal).

timidement, timidly.

tint, past def. of tenir, tirer, to draw, take out, pull, get, get out; fire, shoot; — au mur, practise kicking at the wall; on s’en tira encore, we got along fairly well.

tireur, m ., puller.

tisser, to weave.

toi, you, to you.

toile, /., cloth, linen, canvas;

— d’araignée, cobweb.

toison,/., fleece; head of hair.

toit, m ., roof, toiture,/., roof, tomber, to fa.ll; shoot; become; (day) grow dark.

VOCABULARY

ton, ta, tes, your.

tonner, to thunder; roar.

torrent, m., torrent, tôt, soon.

touchant, -e, pathetic.

toucher, to touch, move.

toujours, always, ever, ail the time; constantly; anyhow; still.

tour, m., tour; turn; trick; fermer à double — , to double lock.

tourbillon, m ., whirlwind.

tourbillonner, to whirl.

tourmenter, to distress.

tourner, to turn; se — , turn.

tournure, /., shape; outside appearance.

tourtière,/., patty-dish.

tous, plur. of tout, tousser, to cough.

tout, -e, tous, toutes, ali, whole, any, every; — le monde, everybody; tous deux, both; tous les sept ans, every seventh year.

tout, pron., everything, ail; le — , the whole.

tout, adv., quite, wholly, very; — e neuve, brandnew; — à coup, suddenly, ail of a sudden; — à fait, entirely, completely; very far; — à Pheure, presently, a little while before or ago;

— de même, ail the same;

— de suite, immediately;

— en, while; — là-haut, at the very top.

tracer, to trace; make.

trahir, to betray.

train, m., train; bustle; din, noise; — de derrière, haunches; — de vie, way of living; en — de, in the act of, busy, engaged.

traîneur ( m .) de bancs, loafer.

tramer, to drag; go, hire oneself out, be a drudge; se — , drag oneself along.

traire, to milk.

trait, m ., feature; rein, tramontane, /., north wind {on the Mediterranean sea).

tranchée, /., trench, large ditch.

tranquille, tranquil, quiet, transformer, to turn.

transporter, to remove.

travailler, to work.

travers, m ., breadth; à — , across, through; en — , across, crosswise.

traverse,/., short eut.

traverser, to cross, pass through.

trembler, to tremble, shake.

tremper, to soak.

trente, thirty.

très, very.

trésor, m ., treasure.

VOCABULARY

tressaillir, to start, shudder.

trêve,/., truce.

tricorne, m., three-cornered hat.

trictrac, m., click of the trigger.

tringle,/., rod.

triomphal, -e, triumphal.

triomphe, m., triumph.

triste, sad; gloomy.

tristement, sadly. trois, three.

troisième, third.

trompe,/., horn.

tromper, to deceive; se — , be mistaken.

trompette,/., trumpet.

tronc, m., trunk.

trop, too, too much.

trophée, m., trophy.

troquer, to exchange.

trot, m., trot.

trotte-menu, slow walking.

trotter, to trot; walk about, trottiner, to toddle.

trottoir, m ., sidewalk.

trou, m., hole.

trouble, m., confusion, trouble, adj ., obscure, troubler, to disturb.

troué, -e, pierced, full of holes.

trouer, to tear, pierce.

troupe, /., troop; band, company; flock.

troupeau, m ., flock.

trouver, to find; think; venir — , meet, call on; se — , find oneself, be; (impers.) happen.

truite,/., trout.

tu, you.

tuer, to kill; se — , kill oneself.

tumulte, m., tumult, noise, confusion.

uhlan, m., Uhlan ( German lancer) .

un, -e, one, a, an; — à — , one by one.

uniforme, m., uniform; en grand — , in full dress.

usage, m ., usage, use, custom.

usine,/., factory.

va, près. ind. and imper, of aller.

va! ex cl., I tell you.

vacances, /. plur ., holidays.

va-et-vient, m., to-and-fro motion.

vague, vague, indistinct.

vaguement, vaguely.

VOCABULARY

vaincu, m., conquered, vanquished.

vais, près . ind. of aller, vallée,/., valley, valoir, to be worth; brîng; — mieux, be better; ne — rien, be bad.

valse,/., waltz.

valu, -e, past part, of valoir, vapeur, /., steam; — de lumière, bright mist.

vas, près. ind. of aller, vaudrait, cond. of valoir, vaurien, m.,good-for-nothing.

vautré, -e, lying sprawling.

vautrer (se), to wallow, roll.

vécut, past def. of vivre, veillée, /., sitting up; winter evening party; faire la — , to spend the evening.

veiller, to watch.

veine,/., vein.

velours, m., velvet.

velouté, m., velvety gloss, vendre, to sell.

venir, to corne; — à bout de, consume, devour; s’en — , corne.

vent, m., wind; bannières au — , unfurled banners.

ventre, m., belly, stomach.

venu, -e, past part, of venir, vêpres, /. plur ., afternoon

service.

véritable, real, vérité, /., truth.

verrais, -t, cond.; verras, fut.

of voir.

vers, towards; about, verser, to pour; shed.

vert, -e, green.

vertige, m., dizziness.

verve,/., wit, humor.

veste,/., jacket, coat.

vêtements, m. plur ., clothes.

veut, près. ind. of vouloir, veuve,/., widow.

veux, près. ind. of vouloir, viande,/., méat, victoire, /., victory.

vide, empty, vacant, vide, m ., space, opening; à — , without grinding anything.

vider, to empty.

vie, /., life, vitality; living; c’est la — des êtres, beings are stirring; ne . . . jamais de la — , never in the world.

vieil, -le; see vieux, vieillard, m., old man.

vieille, /., old woman.

vieillir, to grow old.

viendra, -s, fut.; viennent, viens, -t, près. ind. of venir.

Vierge,/., virgin; fil de la — , gossamer.

vieux, vieil, -le, old.

vieux, m ., old man; mon — , old fellow; plur., old people.

vi-f, -ve, lively, sharp, brisk.

vigne,/., vine; vineyard.

VOCABULARY

viguier, w., provost.

vilain, -e, mean, nasty, dirty.

village, m.f village, ville,/., town.

vin, m., wine.

vindicati-f, -ve, vindictive, revengeful.

vingt, twenty.

vinrent, vins, -t, past def.;

vînt, imperf. subj. of venir, violet, -te, purple.

violon, m., violin.

virer, to whirl, turn.

vis, past def. of voir; also près, ind. of vivre.

visage, m ., visage, face, visite,/., visit.

vit, past def. of voir, vite, quick, quickly.

vitre, /., window, windowpane.

vitrine, /., show-window.

vivant, -e, living, alive.

vive, /. of vif.

vive, près. subj. of vivre, vivement, quickly.

vives, près. subj. of vivre, vivre, to live; âme qui vive, a living soûl; vive la France!

long live France!

vivres, m. pltir., provisions, vocabulaire, m.t vocabulary.

voici (=vois ici), here is, here are, this is, these are.

voie, /., way; avenue; railroad track.

voilà ( = vois là), there is, there are, that is; la — partie, there she goes.

voilé, -e, veiled, dim.

voir, to see; se — , see oneself, imagine oneself to be; be visible.

voisin, m., neighbor.

voiture,/., carriage.

voix,/., voice.

vol, m., flight; flock.

volant, m., shuttlecock.

voler, to steal.

volet, m ., shutter.

voleur, m ., thief.

volonté, /., will.

voltiger, to flutter, fly about.

vont, près. ind. of aller.

vouloir, to wish; — bien, like.

voyais, -t, imperf. ind.;

voyant, près. part, of voir, voyage, m., trip.

voyou, w., ragamuffin, blackguara.

vrai, -e, true, real.

vraiment, truly.

vu, -e, past part, of voir.

y, adv.y there; il y a, there is, there are; ago.

y, pron., to it, in it.

yeux ( plur . of œil), eyes.

zébré, -e, striped.

VICTORIA UNIVERSITE UBRARY