htrioati: the usual prison fare

lao, 14. rsittt^oadres : "frands," **swindlers/* "bummers." The word signifies, too, a foreigner that dresses expensively, but in poor taste, in outlandish style.

140, 12. Tosne: a department of France, soittheast of Paris.

14. Kansard : François Mansarde or Mansart, who lived 1598-1666, was a celebrated architect and the inventor of the style of roof that bears his name. Le Nôtre: a famoQS landscape gardener who lived 1613-1700. He laid out the park of Versailles, the park of Saint-Cloud, the Toileries gardens, et cetera.

141, 15. Patay: a town near Orléans, wbere Joan of Arc defeated the English under Talbot, in 1429. There was fighting hère also in 1870, during the Franco- Prussian war.

18. Kléber: Jean Baptiste Kléber lived 1753-1800. He was born in Strasburg.

the son cf a mason; he studied in Paris

frOTBS. 177

and in a military school in Mnnich, entered service in Ba varia, retired, and was appointed inspecter of public buildings in Belfort, France. He entered tbeFrench armjr in 1792, and distinguisbed by bis skill and brave ry rose rapidly from a simple grenadier to the appointment of General- in-chief of the army of tbe Rhine.

Kléber helped Napoléon in the conquest of Egypt, and, after Napoleon's departare, took Heliopolis and reconquered the country. He was assassinated by a massulman in Cairo.

142, 8. vm* jMob: a street in the Latin quarter (see note 08^ iS.)» QOt far Irom the École des BeauX'Arts,

18. 8alnt-0ermain-det-Prét: This church, founded in the sixth century, is one of the oldest in Paris. Part of the présent édifice dates from the iith century. Having become dilapidated during the Révolution, the church was restored, 1824- 1836, and its interior was redecorated, 1852-61. It is situated south of the Seine, on boulevard St. Germain, not far from the center of Paris.

148, 2. plaoe de la Concorde: the largest square in Paris, and, considering its approaches, the finest in the world. On the east are the Tuileries gardens ; on the

lyS NOTES.

north is the stately rue de Rivoli ; on the west the Champs-Elysées (*• Eh'sian Fields") lead to Napoleon's Triumphal Arch, or the Arc de V Étoile^ and on the south flows the Seine. This square has been the scène of many a tragedy. From 1793-1795, there perished hère by the guillotine three thousand persons; among them were Louis XVI., Marie Antoinette, Philippe Égalité, and many of the revolutionists themselves. In the center stands to-day the Luxor Obelisk, given by Mohammed Ali, Viceroy of Egypt.

It was brought over and erected (1836) at a cost of two million francs.