IN MEMORIAM

(Pages 203-207)

1. Qu'est-ce que les Vosges? 2. Qu'était-ce que les Germains? 3. Comment s'appellent-ils aujourd'hui? 4. Qu'est-ce que la Marne? 5. Combien y a-t-il eu de batailles de la Marne? 6. Qui a gagné la première? 7. En quelle année? 8. Qui a gagné la seconde? 9. En quelle année? 10. Que voit-on en France de la mer aux montagnes?

11. De quand sont ces tombes? 12. Décrivez l'église effondrée? 13. Qu'y a-t-il non loin de là? 14. Que font les femmes? 15. Quels mots y a-t-il sur les petites baraques? 16. Qu'y avait-il sur la place publique de Sermaize? 17. Comment sont les fenêtres? 18. Où le passé demeure-t-il vivant? 19. Décrivez les tombes des soldats. 20. Que voit-on dessus? 21. Qu'y a-t-il sur les stèles blanches? 22. Quelle est la prédication des tombes?

VOCABULARY

Words that are alike in French and English hâve been omitted. Phrases with faire not found under that word must be looked for under the noun, adjective, or adverb connected with it in the text.

à, at, to, in, with, from, under, for, by (s*) abaisser, fall, sink, stoop abandonner, abandon^ give up; s* — ,

abandon oneself, give oneself up abatis, m., felHng of trees, heap of

ruins abattage, m., felling of trees abattoir, m., slaughter-house abattre, throw or knock down, eut

off, flatten, slaughter, kill; s* — , fall abattu, -e, p. p. of abattre, dejected,

drooping abeille,/., bee abêtir, aull, stultify ; s* — , grow dull or

stupid abêtissant, -e, deadening, dull abîme, m., abyss abîmer, spoil, ruin; s* — , be lost, be

swallowed abnégation, /., self-denial aboiement, m., barking abondance, /., abundance; avec — ,

abundantly, fuUy abondant, abundant abonder, abound, be plentiful abonnement, m., contract, subscrip-

tion abord, m., approach, access (d*) abord, first, at first aborder, accost, attack, enter upon aboutir (à), lead (to), rest (on) aboutissant, m., end, resuit aboyer, bark abri, w., shelter, dugout abriter, shelter, screen, shield abruptement. abruptly absent, -e, absent, missing; siLbst.m.,

j.y absent one

absolu, -e, absolute; ^vibsi. m., the ab-

solute abstrait, -e, abstract absurde, absurd absiurdement, absurdly abus, m., abuse abuser (de), take an unfair advantage

(of ) ; s* — , be mistaken académie,/., academy académique, acad'îmic, pertaining to

an academy accablant, -e, overwhelming accaparer, monopolize, obtain acceptation,/., acceptance accepter, accept accès, m., accesSj attack acclamer, proclaim, cheer acconmiodation,/., adaptation accommoder, suit, accommodate, reconcile, fit up; s' — (de), comply

(with), agrée (with), put up (with)

grow used (to) accompagnement, m., accompani-

ment accompagner, accompany accompli, -e, perfect, complète, ac-

compUshed accomplir, accomplish; s* — , be ac-

compUshed, brought about accomplissement, m., reaUzation, ful-

fiUment accord, m., concord, agreement, har-

mony accorder, give, accord accoter, prop accoudé, -e, leaninç (s*) accoupler, pau*, match, be

coupled accourir, hasten, run. m^

accoutumé, -e, usual, customary, ac-

customed accrocher, hang up, hook, attach, put

on; s* — (à), clin^ (to) accroissement, m., merease, growth accroître, increase accru, -e, p. p. 0/ accroître, increased,

augmented, grown up accueil, m., welcome; faire — , wel-

come accueillant, -e, welcoming, opened to

or for accueillir, receive, welcome (s*) acculer, lean one's back accumulation, /., gathering, heaping

up, accumulation accusat-eur, -rice, m., /., accusing

person, accuser accusé, -e, accused, prominent,

strong; suost, w.,/., accused person accuser, imply, emphasize, accuse (s') acharner (sur), be desperately

bent (on) acheter, buy, purchase acheteur, w., buyer, purchaser achèvement, m., completion achever, finish, end; s* — , finish, end,

be finished acier, m., steel acquis, -e, p. p. 0/ acquérir, acquired;

le bien nîal — , ill-gotten gains acte, m., act acti-f, -ve, active activité,/., activity actuel, -le, actual acuité,/., acuity, acuteness adapter, adapt; s* — , adapt oneself, be

adapted adepte, adept adieu, good-by, farewell adjoint, m., deçuty, assistant admettre, admit admirable, admirable, fine admirer, admire admis, -e, p. p, of admettre, acknowl-

edged, admitted adorer, adore

adoucir, soften, soothe, alleviate (s') adresser, address oneself aâversidre, m., adversary adversité,/,, adveraity aérien, -ne, aénal

affaire, /., affair, business, matter;

être tout à ses — s, be very busy;

faire 1' — de quelqu'un, suit some-

body affairé, -e, busy, hurried affamé, -e, starving, famished affectueu-x, -se, affectionate affiné, -e, refined affinement, m., refinement affinité,/., afiSnity

affirmation, /., afi^mation, assertion affirmer, affirm, assert; s' — , be

affirmed affliger, afflict. make sorrowful,

grieve, hurt, aistress afflux, m., affluence, abundance, flood affolant, -e, maddening affolé, -e, distracted, demented affoler, infatuate, madden; s* — , be

distracted, be maddened affranchir, liberate, free, release; s*— 1

get free from, be freea affranchissement, m., enfranchise-

ment affre,/., anguish affreu-x, -se, frightful, dreadful, hide-

ous affronter, face, encounter africain, -e, African (P) Afrique,/., Africa âge, m., âge; jeune — , childhood; le

moyen — , Middle Ages; P— d* or,

the golden âge âgé, -e, aged, old; — de 78 ans, 78

years old agencer, order, dispose agent, m., agent, instrument aggraver, increase, aggravate; s* — ^1

grow worse, increase^ grow heavier agfie, nimble, agile, bnsk agir, act; s* — (de), be a question (of) agissant, -e, active agitation,/., agitation, turmoil agité, -e, tossing, restless agiter, move about, shake, agitate;

s' — , be agitated, move about agonie,/., agony, anguish agora, m., assembly, place for an

assembly agrandir, enlarge, enhance a^aadissement, m., enlargement

VOCABULARY

agricole, agricultural (s') agripper (à), cling (to) aide,/., ne^. aid, assistance aider (a), help, assist; se faire — de,

be helped by, get help from; s* — ,

help each other or oneself aïeul, m.f grandfather, ancestor aigle, m,f eagle aigrelet, -te, sotirish aigu, -e, sharpy keen, shrill; en pointe

-e, in a sharp point aiguillon, m., goad, spur aiguiser, sharpen, whet; s* — , be

sharpened ailé, -e, winged ailleurs, elsewhere; d* — , besides,

moreover aimable, amiable, pleasant aimablement, pleasantly, amiably aimant, -e, lovmg aimer, love, like; s* — , love or like

each other aîné, -e, eldest

ainsi, thus, so; — que, just as, as *ise,/., gladness, content, ease; à V — ,

atease aisément, easily ajustement,/., attire alarme, /., alarm, fright alcoolisme, m., alcoholism alerte, alert, brisk, nimble aliéner, alienate, estrange alignement, m., line, row aligner, put in a strai^ht line, draw

up; s* — , run in a straight Une aliment, m., food alimenter, feed, supply allée,/., walk, alley, avenue alléguer, allège, quote (1*) Allemagne,/., Germany allemand, -e, German; à V -e, in

German fashion aller, go; s' en— ,go away; en — de,

be a question of allonger, project; s* — , stretch out allons! now theni allumer, light; s' — , be lighted allumette,/., match allure, /., gait, way of walking, pace,

aspect, appearance alors, then alourdi, -e, heavy, made heavy

(les) Alpes,/., the Alps altruisme, m., altruism amabilité,/., amiability, politeness amaigri, -e, emaciated, thin, gaunt amas, m., heap, mass, pUe, store,

hoard amasser, heap up, hoard up; s* — ,

gather, heap up ambassad-eur, -rice, m., /., ambassa-

dor ambiant, -e, ambient ambitieu-x, -se, ambitions ambre, m., amber ambulant, m., tramp âme, /., soûl amélioration,/., improvement,change

for the better améliorer, improve aménager, dispose amener, bring^ bring about am-er, -ère, bitter américain, -e, American ameublement, m., furniture ami, -e, w., /., friend; adj,, friendly amibe,/., amœba, microscopic animal amical, -e, friendly amitié, /., friendship; avoir en — , be

friendly with amoindrir, lesscn amonceler, heap up amortir, deaden; allay, weaken, break amour, m., love amoureusement, lovingly amoureu-x, -se, m., /., person in love,

lover; adj., loving, amorous; — de,

in love with amphore,/., amphora, urn, pitcher ample, ample, full amplement, fully, amply amplifier, amplify amuser, amuse, entertain; s' — , hâve

a good time, be amused amuseu-r, -se, m., /., entertainer an, m., year

analogue, analogous, similar analyste, m., analyst analyze,/., analysis analyzer, analyze anarchie, m., anarchy anathème,/., anathema anatomie^/.^ ai\aA>o\K^

ancestral, -e, ancestral

ancêtre, m. y ancestor

anche,/., reed (of a wind instrument)

ancien, -ne, old, ancient; V — , m., elder, senior; les — s, tne ancients

ancre,/., anchor

ancrer, anchor

âne, m., ass, donkey

anéantir, annihilate, crush

(s*) anémier, become anaemic

ange, m., angel

anglais, -e, English

angle, m., angle, corner; à — droit, at a right angle

(1*) Angleterre,/., England

anglo-saxon, -ne, Anglo-Saxon

angoisse, /., pain, anguish, agony

anunal, -e, animal; subst. masc, animal

animer, animate

anneau, m., ring

année,/., year

annoncer, announce

annuel, -le, yearly, annual

anon3rme, m., anonymous person

anthologie,/., anthology

anthropoïde, m., anthropoid

anthropophage, cannibal

anticiper, anticipate

antipatriote, m., antipatriot

antique, old, ancient

antiquité,/., antiquity

anti-social, -e, anti-social

antre,/., cavern, grotto, den

anxieu-x, -se, anxious

apaisant, -e, soothing

apaiser, sooth, calm; s* — , be appeased, abate, subside, be stilled

apathie,/., apathy

apercevoir, perceive, see; s* — , perceive, find out, become aware of

aperçu, m., sketch, cursory view

aphorisme, m., aphorism

apitoiment, w., pitying, softening

(s*) apitoyer, be softened, be touched, pity

(sO aplatir, be flattened

apologétique, apologetic

apoplexie, /., apoplexy

apostasie,/., backsliding Apothéose,/., apotheosis apôtre, m., apostle

apparaître, appear

apparamment, apparently

appareil, m., apparatus

apparence,/., appearance, likelihood, probabiUty; suivant toute — , aocording to every probability; garder 1* — de, seem to, hâve the sem" blance of

apparent, -e, apparent

apparition, /., apparition, appearance

appartenir, belong

appât, m., bait, aUurement

(s*) appauvrir, grow poor

appel, m., call, appeal, challenge

appeler, call: s* — , be called, be named, call each other

appendice, m., appendix, appendage

appentis, m., shed, out-house

appétit, m., appetite

appliqué, -e. careful, painstaking

apport, m., dowry, share

apporter, bring

apprécier, appreciate

apprendre, leam, teach, inform

apprenti, -e, apprentice

apprêt, m., préparation

(s*) apprêter, get ready

approche,/., approach, access, way

approcher, approach, corne up; s* — , draw near

approprié, -e, appropriate

approprier, appropnate

approuver, approve

appui, m., prop, stay, support

appuyer, support, help

âpre, rough, harsn, bitter

après, after; d* — , from, after, according to

apte, apt, fit

aqueduc, m., aqueduct

arantèle,/., cobweb

arbre, m., tree

arbrisseau, m., shrub, shrubbery

arc. m., arch

arcbouté, -e, buttressed

arche, /., arch

ardent, -e, buming, glowing, ardent, eager, fervent

ardeur, /., ardor, eamestness, eagerness, fervor

acdolse^ f ., slate

VOCABULARY

arène, /.y arena

arête,/., groin, edge, ridge

argent, m., money

argile, /., clay

argileu-z, -se, slimy, clayey

argument, m., argument, contro versy; un nudtre — , master argument

aristocratique, aristocratie

arme, /., weapon, arm

armé, -e, armed

armée,/., army

arracher, tear out or away, pull away, draw aside; s* — , tear oneself or itself

arranger, arrange; s' — , make arrangements, come to an a^eement

arrêt, m., stop, order, décision, decree, sentence, exécution

arrêter, arrest, fasten, fix, detain; s* — , stop

arrière, behind, backward, rear

arrivée,/., arrivai

arriver, arrive, happen, take place:

quoi qu*U arnve, whatever «appens

articulé, -e, articulate, distinct

articuler, articulate, utter

artificiel, -le*, artificial

artillerie,/., artillery

artisan, m,, artisan, workman

artiste, m., artist

artistement, artistically

ascension, /., ascent, ascension

ascète, m., ascetic

asiatique, Asiatic

asile, m., hospital, asylum

aspect, m., aspect, bearing

asperger, sprmkle

asphyxiant, -e, asphyxiating

aspirer, inhale, suck up, aspire (to)

assainissement, m., making healthy

assemblée,/., assembly, gathering

assembler, assemble, gather, convene, call tôgether

asseoir, set, seat; s* — , sit down, sit, take a seat

asservir, enslave, subdue

asservissement, m., slavery, bondage

assez, enough, rather, quite

assiéger, besiege

assiette,/., plate

assigner, assign

assis, -e, p. p. of asseoir, seated assistance,/., assistance, succor assister, help. assist, relieve; — (à),

be présent (at) associé, -e, associate associer, associate, share; s* — , keep

Company, associate assombrir, darken assoupi, -e, drowsy assurément, assuredly, surely assurer, assure astre, m., star

astuce,/., craft, guile, cunning atavique, atavistic atelier, m., workshop, studio atmosphère, /., atmosphère atome, m.^ atom (s*) atrabiler, worry âtre, m., hearth, fireplace atroce, atrocious atrocité,/., atrocity (s*) atropmer, become shrunken attabler, sit at table; s* — , sit down

at table attache, /., attachment, tie, link,

bond attachement, m., attachment attacher, attach; s* — (à), cling (to),

be bent (on) attaque,/., attack attaquer, attack; s* — , attack each

otner, fall upon each other attarder, delay, retard; s* — , linger,

loiter atteindre, reach, arrive at. attain atteint, -e, p. p. of atteinore, reached attelage, m., team, harness atteler (à), put (to), harness attendre, wait, await attendrir, soften attente,/., stay, waiting, expectation;

en 1* — de, m the expectation of attenti-f, -ve, attentive atténuation,/., exténuation atténuer, extenuate, attenuate; s* — ,

be attenuated attester, attest, vouch for attirance,/., attraction attirer, attract attrait, m., charm, attraction attribue! ^ ^\>\>t^m\/^) ^&^t^oji^

aube,/., dawn; dès 1* — , as soon as it

was dawn auberge,/., inn audace,/.) audacity audacieu-x, -se, audacious audit-eur, -rice, m.,/., auditor, listen-

er augmenter, increase auguste, august, grand aujourd'hui, today aumône,/., alms, charity aune, m., alder-tree aurore, /., dawn aussi, also, as aussitôt, forthwith, directly; — que,

as soon as austère, stem, severe autant, as much, as many, as well;

d' — plus que, ail the more as or

that or because autel, m.y altar auteur, m., author authentique, authentic autocratie,/., autocracy automate, m., automaton automatique, automatic automatiquement, automatically automnal, -e, autumnal autonme,m. orf., autumn autoritaire, authorîtative autorité,/., authority autour, round, around autre, other autrefois, formerly autrement, otherwise autrichen. -ne, Austrian autrui, otners avance, /., advance; à V — , d* — , in

advance avancer, advance; s* — , advance,

come forward, move on avant, before, far, deep; à V — , in

front; en — , forward avant, m., fore, fore-part, front avantage, m., advantage avantageu-x, -se, advantageous avant-cotureur, m., forerunner avare, miserly, grasping avec, with avenir, m., future

aventure, /., adventure, happening; â r — , ai random; courir les — s, go after adventures

aventurer (s'), venture

avertir, warn, apprize

aveu, m., confession

aveuglant, -e, dazzling

aveugle, blind

aveuglément, blindly

aveugler, blind

avili, -e, degraded

avis, m., opinion, advice, notice, warning

(s') aviser (de), bethink oneself, take it into one's head

aviver, enliven, brisk up (the fire)

avoine,/., oats

avoir, m., credit-side

avoir, hâve; — raison, be right; — tort, be wrong; il y a, there is, thereare; — à, hâve to; il y avait de quoi, there was reason for it

avoisiner, be close to

avouer, confess

azur, 771., azuré, blue

bachot, m., barge

badaud, tti., cockney, idler

bagage, w., baggage

bahut, w., trunk, chest

baigné, -e, (de), bathed (with)

baigneu-r, -se, tti., /., bather

bain, tti., bath

baiser, m.y kiss

balai, m., broom

balancement, m., balancing, swing-

ing, rocking balancer, balance, swing balancier, m., pendulum, balance balayer, sweep balbutier, stammer ballant, -e, dangling balle,/., bail, bullet ballotter, toss about balustrade,/., railing, balustrade banal, -e, banal, common, hackneyed banc, m., bench bande,/., band (se) bander, strain oneself bandotdière,/., shoulder-strap

\>anxie J .,>ûM^Vfc\.

VOCABULARY

banque,/., bank

banqueroute, /.f bankruptcy

banqueter, feast

baobab, m., baobab, African tree of

greatsize baptême, m., baptism baquet, m., tub, Ducket baraque, f., but

barbare, barbarous; avbst.f barbarian barbarie,/., barbanty barbe,/., beard barboter, dabble barder, sheathe, pad barre,/., bar barré, -e, barred, streaked barrer, bar barrière, /., fonce bas, -se, low; tout — , in a whisper;

en — , down, down below; en — de,

below; au plus — , way down, as

far down as possible bas, m., stocking; — de laine, woolen

stocking basctder. iip over base,/., oasis baser, base

bas-fond, m., flat, shallow bottom basilique,/., basiuca basset, m., terrier bastide,/., countrv résidence, farm bât, m., pack-saddle bataille,/., battle; champ de — , battle-

field batailler, battle, fight bataillon, m., battalion bateau-mouche, m.^ passenger-boat bâtiment, m., buildmg bâtisse,/., building bâton, m., stick, staff, wand battant, m,, leaf , fold battement, m., beating batteur, m., beater batteuse, /.y washer-woman battre, bëiett, strike, thrash, beat up,

hammer bavard, -e, talkative bavarder, chatter, talk, gossip baver, slobber

béant, -e, gaping, open, yawning béatitude,/., béatitude, bliss be-au, -1, -lie, fine, beautiful, hand-

some, lovely; avoir — , be in vain,

be uselesa

beaucoup, much

beauté,/., beautv

bec, m., beak, bifl, mouth, spout

bécasse,/., woodcock

bêcher, aig

béer, gape

bêler,bleat

Belgique,/., Belgium

bélier, m., ram

bénéfice, m., profit, gain

bénévolement, benevolently

béni, -e, blessed

bénir, bless

berceau, m., cradle

bercer, cradle, beguile, lull

berge,/., steep bank, sida

berg-er,-êre, m., /., shepherd, shepherdess

bergère,/., easy chair

bergerie, /., sheepfold; p^, pastoral play or poem

besoin, m., want, need, necessity; il est — de, it is necessary to; au — , at need; avoir — de, bave need of

bestial, -e, bestial

bête, /., animal, beast; — de somme, beast of burden

bêtement, stupidly, foolishlv

beuglement, m., bellowing, lowing

beugler, bellow

beurre, m., butter

bibelot, m., knickknack

bibliophile, m., book-lover

bibliotiiécaire, m.^ librarian

bibliothèaue,/., hbrarjr

bien, well, indeed, quite, very; — à lui, quite his own; — de, much; — des. many ; le — , les —s, goods, good, Delongings, possessions

bien-aimé, -e, beloved, darling

bien-être, m., well-being, comfort, happiness

bienfaisance,/., charity, bounty

bienfaisant, -e, beneficent, bénéficiai

bienfait, m., kindness. benefaction

bienfaiteur, m., benetactor

bientôt, soon

bienveillance,/., kindness. good-will

bienveillant, -e, kind, kinoly, benevolent

bleuveuue) m., '^^•c.oiûa

biètej.,\)ftet

bille,/., log

biographe, m», biographer

biologique, biological

bipède, m., biped

bique,/., she-goat

bise,/., north wind

bissac, m., bag

bizarre, curious, étrange

bizarrement, strangely, curiously

blafard, -e, wan, pale, leaden-hued

blâmer, blâme

blan-c, -che, white

blancbi, -e, whitened

blanchisseu-r, -se, m., /., laundry-

man, laundress blasé, -e, sickened, hardened blé, m., wheat blême, pale, pale-faced blessé, -e, woimded blesser, hurt, woimd blessure, /., woimd bleu, -e, blue bleuâtre, blùish bleui, -e, made blue, blued bloc, m,f block, lump blond, -e, w.,/., blond person blotti, -e, crouching, cowering (se) blottir, crouch, cower boche (slang), German bœuf, m., ox, steer, beef Bohême,/., Gypsyland^ Bohemia bohémien, -ne, Bohemian boire, drink bois, m., wood boisé, -e, wooded boiserie, m., wainscoting boiter, limp bol, m., bowl bombardement, m., bombardment;

en plein — , in the midst of the

bombardment bon, -ne, good; â quoi — , why? what

is the use?

bond, m., bound, leap; du premier — ,

at the first boimd bondir, bound. spring, leap bonheur, m., nappiness; par — , for-

tunately bonjour, m,, good-day, good-mom-

ing bonnement, BÙnply bonté,/,, goodnesa, kindness

bord, m.f bank, side; au — de, on the side of

border, border, edge

bordure,/., border; en — , like a border

(se) borner, limit oneself

bossu, -e, humpbacked

bossuer, bruise, batter

botte, /., boot

botté, -e, booted

bouche,/., mouth; — bée, with mouth wide-open

boucherie,/., butchery

bouchonner, rub down

bouder, be sulky, pout, be angry

boue, /., mud

boueu-x, -se, muddy

bouger, move, stir

bougie,/., candie

bouUlabaisse,/., fishnsoup

bouillant, -e, boiling, bot, foaming, frothy

bouillie,/., quagmlre

bouillonnement, m., bubbling, gushing

bouillonner, boil, seethe, bubble up, foam, bufcble

boulangerie, f., bakery

boule,/., bail

boulevard, m., boulevard

bouleversement, m., upheaval, commotion, upsetting

bouleverser, upset, tum over

bouquet, m., nosegay, bouquet, clump

bourdonner^ buzz, himi

bourg, m., city

bourgeois, -e, belonging to the midcUe class

bourgeoisie,/., middle classes

bourrade,/., blow, thrust

bourrasque,/., squall; une — d'ofagOi squall, storm

bourreau, m., executioner

bousculade, /., jostling, shoving about

bout, m., end; â — de, spent, exhausted; au — de, at the end of; venir à — (de), manage, succeed (m)

boutade,/., sally

bouteille,/., bottle

boutique,/., shop

\K>utoa)m..|Vsvittcm^ pimple

vocjiscLàss:

oi mr patûuDg to

eoiponl (qf as'olry or

if /-y bnûdiBy £MUi9l b>i2n

'y tweak, be faroken, crodied*

f^ bniEli

e,/^ wfaedharrow

ird, w., fog

ir, npeet, make nnflrhipf be-

lilleSy/. pf., bnishwood -eyCTushed grînd, cnish nty -e, nistling

n^ noiae, talk, bluster, famé, vu

bum ,/., bum

/, baze, mist, thick fog ni -se, hazy, foggy e, brown

e^f .ydark-oomplexîoned person îment, abruptly sr, hurry, corne to the point -e, brutal é,/., brutality

Vi i|y imiiffiiil, unisîhr. lonâhr

liftuliwi , jti^ sïaiï

'wmànxmBr

f^pixcàiBr

, f ^ knoll, xzKmnd; en — H, ev-

poEKtato

ifUlMiiuiD e, /. . Brsuiiixùsm, «ctgpSïi^

lâBgîâfm, âeeaàfiDOf

ci, bere: — et llL, beire aztii ibcsv' ÇÊ^ cf ^tMfarc a nmpt^\ fer cela, 1>M1 cabaae,/^ cibàzu ocntft^ cabaret, fR^ wÎDessbc^ tâTimi cabinet, m^ cabmet^ siudy

' '' tace, m^ «iniai^ màki^4vlio>Y (1), bide, bide ùom la^ 8»], stAmn deadK>ay ^ cadence; en — ^ rKvtb*

mtcaHy cadran, m., dial

cadre, nu, inone^ back|rix>uiui« wttinit cagneo-]^ -se, civK^4iJK!<sl cahoter, jolt^ sbake caQle,/., quâil caQlère,/., quail ro»Mrvntù\n cailloa, m.« pebble, stono caîDoiitea-x, ->se. i.>obbl,v « i^t ot^v caisse,/., chcst, Ix^x, CAi*c»

calcaire, caloai>eouâ calciner, calcine calcul, m., calculation calculer, calculato, rockou caler, prop

calme, iti., calm. cttillncw, %]\w\ calomnier, slaniW, ciUumum (i^ ; «« ,

dander ono^lf cahraire, m., CalNtury camaïeu, iti., mom>ci\miu<^ |mintii\|K camarade, m,, commdo; - de cUhMi

classniato camaraderie,/., oonumnitMmhip camp, m«, oaui\)^ oucaïu^uu^ut

campagnard, -e, m., /., country-man or woman

campagne,/., coimtry

campé, -e, firmly planted, well set-up

canal, m., canal, stream

canard, m., duck

candeur, m., candor

caniche, m., poodle

cannibale, m., cannibal

canon, m., camion

canton, m., district, canton

cantonnement, m., cantonment, billets (JoT soldiers)

cantonnier, m., road-mender

cap, m., cape, neadland

capacité,/., capacity, ability

cape,/., cape, cloak

capitaine, m., captain

capital, m., capital, cash

capitale, /., capital

capitulation,/., surrender

capituler, capitulate, surrender

caprice, m., caprice, whim, freak, fancy

capricieu-z, -se, capricious, whimsical

capti-f , -ve, m., /., captive

car, for

caractère, m., character

caractérisé, -e, characterized

caractériser, characterize

caractéristique, characteristic, peculiar; subst /., characteristic

carcasse,/., carcass

caresse,/., caress

caresser, caress

carillon, m., chime. chimes

carnage, m., slaugnter, carnage

carnassier, m., flesh-eater

carré, -e, square

carreau, m., tile

carrefour, m., crossroad, public place

carrière, /., career, quarry; se donner — , give oneself free scope or full play

carriole,/., wagon, cart

carrosse, m., coacn, carriage

carrure,/., breadth of shoulders

cartouche,/., cartridge

cas, m., case, fact, matter; en tout — , 7/2 any case, at ail events case,/., cabin, hut, box

caserne,/., barracks casier, m., shelf casqué, -e, wearing a helmet casque, m., helmet casquette,/., cap casser, break catapulte,/., catapult catégoriser, classify cathédrale,/., cathedra!

cauchemar, m., nightmare cause,/., cause; à — de, on account of causer, talk, converse, cause causerie, /., talk, conversation, discourse caustique, caustic, biting cautèle,/., prudence cavalier, m., horseman, rider, trooper,

cavalryman caverne,/., cavem, cave ce, cet, cette, pi,, ces, this, that,

thèse, those; jyron.f this, that, it;

— qui, — que, that which céder, yield ceinture,/., belt ceinturé, -e, belted célèbre, celebrated célébrer, celebrate, extol, praise célébrité,/., celebrity céleste, heavenly cellule,/., cell celui, ceûe, pi.* ceux, celles, this,

that, thèse, tnose; — -ci, thîs one;

là, that one

cendre,/., ashes

censeur, m., censor

cent, himdred

centenaire, a hundred years old

centimètre, m., centimeter

central, -e, central

centre, m., center

cependant, however, yet, still; — que,

while cercle, m,, circle; faire — , gather

around cercler, encircle certain, -e, certain certainement, certainly certitude,/., certainty, certitude cerveau, m., brain César, Caesar cesser, cease, stop

VOCABULARY

chacun» -e, each, each one

chagrin, m., sorrow: avoir du — , be

sorrowf ul, be troubled chagriner, grieve, trouble chaîne,/., chidn, fetters, shackles chair, m,, flesh chaise,/., chair chaland, m., barge châle, m., snawl chamailler, squabble chambre, /., room, chamber, Cham-

ber (0/ beputiea) champ, m., neld

champêtre, rustic, rural^ country chance, /., chance, risk, luck, good

luck chancelant, -e, shaky chanceler, totter, stagger, falter,

waver chanceu-z, -se, doubtful, uncertain chandelle,/., candie changeant, -e, changing changement, m., change changer, change chanson,/., song chant, m., song chanter^ sing; — victoire, shout or

cry victory chanteu-r, -se, m., /., singer chantier, m., wood-yard, timber-yard chaos, m., disorder, confusion, dis-

turbance chapeau, m., hat; — haut de forme,

high hat, sUk hat chapelet, m., beads, chaplet chapelle,/., chapel chaque, each charbon, m., coal

charbonneu-x, -se, blackened by coal charge, /., load, burden, trust, care;

être à — (à,) be burdensome (to) chargé, -e (de), burdened or loaded

(^th) charger, load; se — de, be loaded

with, tàke upon oneself, take

charge of chariot, m., wa^on charité,/., charity charmant, -e, chsmning charme, m., charm charmer, charm charmilles,/, pi., hedges

chamigue, m., hound

charretier, m., carter, wagoner

charrette, /., cart

charron, m., wheelwright

charrue,/., plow

chasse,/., hunt

chasser, hunt, drive away

chasseur, m., hunter, sportsman

chat, m., cat

château, m., castle

châtiment, m., punishment

chaud, -e, warm, hot, eager, fiery; avoir — , be warm or hot; faire — , be warm or hot (weather)

chaudement, warmly, brightiy

chauffer, warm. beat; se — les yeux, warm oneseli

chaussée,/., causeway

chauve-souris, f., bat

chef, m., head, leader; — de gare, station-master; en — , in chief

chef-d'œuvre, m., masterpiece

chemin, w., way, road, path; — faisant, by or on the way; aller droit son — , go straight ahead; en — , on the way

cheminée,/., chimney, fireplace

cheminer, travel, walk, jog on

chêne, m., oak; — roi, king-oak

ch-er, -ère, dear, expensive

chercher, seek, look for

chercheu-r, -se, w., /., seeker

chèrement, dearly

chéri, -e, beloved, darling

chérir, cherish

cheval, m., horse; — auz-vapeurs, horse-power

chevalet, w., trestle

chevalier, m., knight

chevelure,/., hair, head of hair

chevet, m., apsis (of a church)

cheveu, m., nair

chez, at tne house of, at, among, home, in; — moi, — nous, at home

chien, -ne, m., /., dog

chiffon, m., rag, scrap, bit

chiffre, m., figure, number, cipher

chimère,/^ chimera, idle fancy

Chine,/,, China

chinois, -e, Chinese

choc, m., shock, collision, impact

chœur^ m. , cUoiwa

choisir, choose; morceaux choisis, sélections

choix, m.f choice

choquer, shock, grate on

chose,/., thing) matter

chou, m., cabbage

chouette,/., owl

chrétien, -ne, Christian

Christ, m.y Jésus Christ

chuchotement, m., whispering, whisper

chute,/., fall

ci, hère; de ,de-là, hère and there

cicérone, m,, guide

ciel, m., sky

ciguë,/., hemlock

cime,/., top

cimetière, m,, cemetery

cinq, five

cinquante, fifty

cinquième, m., fifth

cinâ'e, w., rounded arch

cintré, -e, circular

circonstance,/., circumstance

circulaire, circular

circuler, circulate, revolve, move

cirque, m., circus

ciseau, m., chisel

citadin, -e, pertaining to a city

cité,/., city

citer, quote

citoyen, -ne, m., /., citizen

civil, -e, civil; être en — , be in civilian clothes; le — > civilian

civilisé, -e, civilized

civique, civic

clair, -e, clear, plain, obvions, distinct

clairement, clearly

clairière,/., glade

clairon, m., clarion

claironner, sing, blow (a clarion), crow

clamer, exclaim

clameur,/., noise, clamor

clapoter, splash

clarté,/., cleamess, light

classe,/., claâs

classer, class; se — , be classified

classique, classic claudiquer, limp Clef,/,, key

clientèle, /., practice, business

clignotant, -e, winking, blinking

clignotement, m., winking, blinking

clignoter, twinkle, blink, wink

climat, m., climate

cloaque, m., cesspool

cloche,/., bell

cloison, /., partition

clos, -e, p. 'p. oj clore, closed, ended

clou, m., nail

cloutier, m., nail-maker, nail-seller

cœur, w., heart; au — de, in the heart

of ; de bon — , heartily; tenir au — ,

hâve at heart cogitation,/., thought cognée,/., ax, hatchet cohue,/., press, crowd, rout coi, -te, snug, still, quiet; se tenir — ,

keep quiet coiffe,/., cap, headgear colère,/., anger collaborat-eur, -rice, m.,/., coUabora-

tor, contributor collaborer, collaborate collecti-f , -ve, collective collectionneur, ??i., collector collégien, -ne, m.,/., student, school-

boy OT schoolgirl collier, m., necldace, collar colline,/., hill colloque, w., colloquy colonial, -e, colonial colonie,/., colony colonne,/., column coldration,/., coloring coloré, -e, colored colorier, color colosse, m., colossus combat, m., battle, fight, struggle combati-f , -ve, combative combativité,/., combativeness combattant, m., fighter combattre, fight, nght against combattu, -e, p. p. o/. combattre,

fought against; — de, torn with combinaison,/., combination comble, m., neight combler, fiU, fill up commandant, m., commander, corn-

manding officer commandement, m., order, com-

VOCABULARY

commander, commande order, gov-

em; — à, rule, govem comme, like, as

commemorati-f , -ve, commemorative commencer, commence comment, how; le — , the how commenter, comment commérage, m.y gossîp commerçant, m.y tradesman, merchant, dealer commerce, m,, trade, commerce, business commère,/., gossîp, woman commettre, conmut commissaire, m., commissioner; — de

police, police officer commun, -e, common, usual, gênerai commim, m., the bulk, the viilgar, the

generality; -s, offices, out-houses Communard, m., Communist (one

who took pari in the Communist

révolution of 1871) communauté, /., community commimier, conmiune commimiqués, m. pL, officiai bulletins

(durinç the war 0/ 1914-1918} commumsme, m., communism compacte, compact compagnie, /., company; en — , to-

gether compagnon, m., companion comparaison, m., comparison; en

— de, in comparison with comparer, compare, Uken compartiment, m., compartment compas, m., compass compassé, -e, formai, strict.

compasser, measure compatriote, m., /., countryman or

woman compenser. compensate, make

amends for (se) complaire (à), delight (in) compl-et, -ête, complète; au — , com-

pletely, ail {of a troop) complètement, completely compléter, complète, finish; se — , be

completed complice, m., accomplice, partner complicité, /., compficity compliquer, complicate; se — , be-

come complicated

comporter, allow of, admit

composante,/., compound

composer, compose; se — de, be composed of

compréhensi-f, -ve, comprehensive

compréhension, /., compréhension, understanding

comprendre, understand

compris, -e, p. p. of comprendre, understood; y — , included; non — , without reckoning

compromis, m., compromise

compte, m.y account, reckoning; à ce

là, at that rate; au bout du — ,

after ail; être en — avec, hâve an account open with; faire le — , count; rendre — de, accoimt for, give an account of ; se rendre — de, examine, try to understand; tenir — de, take into account

compter, count

comtesse,/., countess

concéder, grant, concède

concentré, -e, concentrated; — sur, wrapped up in

concentrer, concentrate; se — , concentrate, center, be wrapped up

concernant, concerning

concevable, conceivable

concevoir, conceive, imagine

conciliat-eur, -rice, m., /., conciliator

concision,/., conciseness, brevity

concitoyen, -ne, m., /., fellow-citizen, fellow-townsman or townswoman

conclure, conclude

concorde,/., accord, concord, imion

concourir (à), concur (in), contribute (to), compete

concours, m., coopération, concourse

concrétion,/., concrétion, accretion

conçu, -e, p. p. of concevoir, conceived

concurrence,/., compétition, concurrence

concurrent, -e, m., /., competitor; adj.y concurrent

condamner, condemn

condenser, condense

conduct-eur, -rice, conducting

conduire, lead

conduite,/., conduct, guidance, leadership

confétet^eoidet

confesser, confess

confiance,/., confidence

confiant, -e, confident

confier (à), entrust (to)

conflit, m., conflict

confluent, m., confluence

confondre, confuse, blend, mingle; se — , mingle, be blended

conforme (à), according (to), consistent (witn)

confortable, comfortable

confrère, m., colleague

confronter, confront

(se) congratuler, congratulate oneself

connaissance,/., knowledge

connaître, know; faire — à, make known to, notiiy, inform

connu, -e, p. p. oj connaître, known

conquérant, -e, conqueror, victor

conquérir, conquer, subdue, overcome

conquête,/., conquest, victory

conquis, -e, p. p. 0/ conquérir, conquered

consacrer, dévote, consecrate

conscience,/., conscience, consciousness; avoir la pleine — de, be fully conscious of; prendre — de, become aware of

conscient, -e, conscious

conseil, m., council.advice; le. — municipal, municipal or town coimcil

conseiller (à), advise

consentement, m., consent, assent

consentir (à), consent (to)

conséquent, -e, conséquent; par — , consequently

conserver, conserve, keep

considéraole, consiaerable, notable

considérer, consider

consister (en or à), consist (in)

consoler, console; se — (de), console oneself (for)

consomption,/., consumption

constance, /., constancy^ steadfastness

constant, -e, constant

constatation,/., déclaration, vérification

constater, verify, aver, state

constellé, -e, starred

constituer, eonsti tu te constructioUf f,, construction, bvnld-

ing, érection

construire, construct, build, make consulter, consult conte, m., taie contempler, contemplate contemporain, -e, contemporary contenir, contain, hold, restrain, curb content, -e, content, happy contentement, m., contentment, con-

tentedness (se) contenter (de), be content or

satisfied (with) contenu, -e, p. p. 0/ contenir, con-

tained, restrained, held back conter, relate, tell contester, contest contingence, f., contingency continu, -e, continuons, continuai continuer, continue; se — , continue,

go on, be continued continuité,/., continuity contorsion,/., convulsion contotu:, m., contour, outline contourné, -e^ distorted, ill-shaped contourner, distort, deform contracté, -e, contracted contraindre, constrain, compel contraint, -e, p. p, of contraindre,

compeUed contrainte,/., constraint, restraint contraire, contrary; au — , on the

contrary; tout au — , on the contrary contrairement, contrarily contraste, m., contrast contraster, contrast contrat, m., contract contre, against; en bas de, down-

wards from; par — , by contrast, on

the other hand (en) contre-bas, down below contre-^oup, m., after-blow, repercussion contrée,/., country contrenudtre, m., overseer contribuer, contribute convaincre, convince; se — (de), be

convinced (of) convaincu, -e, p. p, of convaincre,

convinced convenable, appropriate, proper convenir, agrée, settle; — à, suit; il

coxsNV^xit^ it ia seemly, proper,

VOCABULARY

conventionel, -le, conventional

convenu, -e, p, p, of convenir, iinderstood, settled, a^reed

convier, invite

convoiter, covet, long for

convulser, convulsé

copeau, w., shaving, chip; — par — , bit by bit

coq, m,, cock

coquelicot, m., poppy

coquetterie,/., coquetry

corbeau, m., crow, raven

cordage, m., cordage, ropes

corde,/., cord, rope

cordeau, m., Une; marqué au — , marked with a rope, laid eut by the Une, perfectly straight

cordial, -e, cordial

cordialement, cordially

cordiaUté, /., cordiaUty

corne,/., ïom

cornet, m., cornet

corps, m., body; — à — , hand to hand

correct^ -e, correct, accurate, conventional

correspondant, -e, corresponding

correspondre, correspond

corridor, m., corridor, hall

corriger, correct

corrompre, corrupt, spoil

cortège, m., train, retinue, procession; faire — à, attend on

coryphée, m., leader

côte,/., coast, shore, seacoast

côté, m., side; aux — s de, beside, close to; avoir son bon — , hâve its good side or point; de son — , for his part; de tous — s, on ail sides; du — de, in the direction of

coteau, m., hill, eminence

côtoyer, pass, walk by the side of, skirt, coast along

cou, m., neck

couchant, m., setting sun, sunset, west

couche,/., bed, couch

coucher, go to bed, put to bed, lie down; se — , go to bed, Ue down

coucher, m., going to bed, bedtime

coude, m., elbow

coudoyer, jostle, elbow

coulée,/., nood

couler, run, flow

couleur,/., color; — locale, local color ;

changer de — , change color couUsse,/., wing (0/ a tkeater) couloir, m., passage coup, m., stroke, blow, touch, thrust,

shot; — d'État, révolution; — d'

œil, glance; — de pied, kick; — de

poing, blow coupe,/., eut, shape coupée,/., eut couper, eut coupole,/., cupola cour, /., yard, courtyard, court courageu-x, -se, courageous courant, -e, running courant, m., current courbe,/., curve, bend courbé, -e. bent, bowed down courber, bend; se — , bend, stoop

down courir, run, run about, be spread

abroad or about, be prévalent, cir-

culate couronnement, m., crowning couronner, crown couroucé, -e, angry cours, m., course, stream, flow, carrent; au — de, in the course of course,/., race court, -e, short courtois, -e, court eous, polite courtoisie, m., courtesy cousin, -e, m., /., cousin couteau, m., knife coûter, cost

coutumi-er, -ère, customary couturi-er, -ère, m.,/., dressmaker couvée, f., brood couver, brood over couvert, -e, (de), p. p. of couvrir, cov-

ered (with) couvre-feu, m., curfew^ curfew-bell couvrir (de), cover (with); se — , be

covered, cover oneself craie,/., chalk craindre, fear crainte,/., fear

cran, m., pluck, nerve, courage crasseu-x, -se, filthy, squaUd cratère, m., mouth, crater crayon^ m., pencil; couç de — ^çencvl

mart

créat-eur, -rice, créative; siibst, m.,

Creator créatixre,/., créature crêdtilitê, /.y credulity, credulousness créer, create crème,/., cream créneau, m,, battlement crépissage, m., plastering crépuscule, m., twilight crête,/., crest, brow, ridge, top creuser, go to the bottom of, nollow,

dig creu-z, -se, hoUow creux, m., hollow, hole, cavity cri, m.f cry

criant, -e, glaring, shameful crier, shout crime, m., guilt, crime criminel, -le, criminal crin, m., horsehair crisper, shrivel

critique, critical; suhsL m., critic critique,/., criticism croassement, m., croaking crochet, m., turn (0/ road) croire, believe croisade,/., crusade croisée,/., crossway croiser, pass; se — , pass each other,

cross each other croisillonné, -e^ cross-barred croissant, -e, mcreasing; subsL m.,

crescent croître, grow croix,/., cross

croulant, -e, tottering, falling croupe,/., ridge croûte, /., crust croyance,/., belief croyant, -e, m,, /., believer cru, -e, raw cruauté,/., cruelty cruche,/., pitcher cruel, -le, cruel cruellement, cruelly cueillir, gather, take, receive, pick up cuir, m., leather, hide cuirassé, -e, armed, protected wîth

armor-plates cuire, cook, bake

cuisant, -e, ebarp, bitter, poignant cuivre, m,, braaa

culte, m., cuit, worship

cultivateur, w., cultivator, husband-

man, farmer cultiver, cultivate, till culture,/., tillage, culture, cultivation cupule,/., metaUic cup ctu:ati-f , -ve, cilrative cture,/., cure, care curé, w., priest curieu-x, -se, curious curiosité, /., curiosity, curious per-

SOH

cuve,/., vat, tub cuver, sieep ofif cjrnique, cynic

Cythère, Cytherea ithe island of Vernis)

dalle,/., flag, flagstone danger, m., danger, jeopardy dangereu-x, -se, dangerous danois, -e, Danish; subst, m., Danish

or coach dog dans, in, into, within dansant, -e, dancing danse,/., dance danser, dance danubien, -ne, Danubîan darder, hurl

darwinien, -ne, Darwinian darwinisme, m., Darwinism dater, date davantage, more de, of, from, with, by, on, than, some;

que — f how many dé, m.j die débandade /.. confusion, panic: à la

or en — , helter-skelter, in confusion débardeur, m., river-porter débarquer, land, disembark débarrasser (de),rid (of), free (from),

disburden (of),ease (of); se — de,

get rid of débat, m., altercation, strife, debate;

hors du — , out of the question (se) débattre, struggle. writhe débiter, sell, eut out, deUver déborder, overflow débotté, m.f arrivai, retum (from

dè\)oUei)\>^k& qS one's boots)

VOCABULARY

déboucher, émerge

debout, uprîght, m arms, risen

débris, m., fragment, remains, broken

bit début, m,, beginning; faire ses — s,

make bis début débuter, enter upon, make one's first

appearance décadence, /., decay, décline décembre, m., December décence,/., decency décent, -e, décent décès, m., decease, death décevant, deceptive déchaînement, m., unioosening déchaîner, let loose; se — , break

loose, fly eut against décharné, -e, gaunt^ meager déchéance,/., forfeitm-e, falling off déchiqueter, eut up, jag^ slash, tear déchirant, -e, harrowing, heart-rend-

ing décliirement, m., heart-rending, an-

guish décliirer, tear, rend, harrow déchoir, fall

déchu, -e,'p. p, of déchoir, fallen décidé, -e, decided, marked décider, décide décimer, decimate^ carry ofif décisi-f, -ve, décisive déclarer, déclare, say; se — , appear,

break eut, déclare oneself déclin, m., décline, declining âge décliner, décline décocher, let fly, shoot, level décombres, m. pL, ruboish décomposer, décompose déconcertant, -e, disconcerting décor, m.f décoration, carving (of a

cathedral), setting découper, eut. eut up découplé, -e, oig, strapping décoturager, discourage découvrir, discover; se — , disclose

oneself, be discovered décrépitude,/., décrépitude, craziness décréter, decree décrire, describe

décrit, -e, p. p. of décrire, described décroissance,/., decrease, wane décroître, decrease dédaigner, disdain

dédaigneu-z, -se, disdainful

dédain, m., disdain, contempt

dedans, adv., inside, within

dedans, m., inside, interior

(se) dédommager (de), make up (for), pay oneself (for)

défaUlance, /., faintness, exhaustion, despondency

défaillant, -e, faltering, trembling

défait, -e, p, p, of défaire, undone, defeated

défaite,/., defeat, overthrow

défaut, m.f fault, blemish, defect, weak side, mistake; faire — ,fail

défendre, défend; se — , défend oneself, vindicate oneself, deny

défense, /., défense, order not to (with verh) ; en — , on one's guard

déferler, break heavily

défiance, /., défiance, mistrust, suspicion

défigurer, disfigure

défilé, m., défile, defiling, pass, procession

définiti-f , -ve, définitive

définitivement, definitely

déformer, deform

dégager, uncover, release, disengage; se — , extricate oneself, be released

dégénérer, degenerate

dégoût, m., disgust

dégradation, /., dégradation, abasement

dégrader, lower, dégrade, debase

degré, m., degree, step

dégrossir, shape, roughhew

déguisé, -e, disguised

dégtdsement, m., disguise

dehors, out, outside, outward show, foreign matters; au — , out-of-doors

déjà, already

déjeuner, m., breakfast, luncheon

déjetmer, eat breakfast

déjouer, f oil, baflBe, thwart

delà, beyond, on the other side ; au — , farther, beyond; au — de, beyond; par — , far beyond

délai, m., delay

délassement, m., relaxation, refreshment, récréation

(se) délecter (de), take delight (in)

délibéré, -e, bold, resolute; de pro-

Sos — 9 designealy bérer» deliberate dêlicaty -e, délicate déUce» m., delight, joy délicieu-z» -se, delicious dêliéi.-ei slender, slim, light délinquent, m., offenaer, delinquent délire» m., delirium, frenzy délivrer, aeliver. liberate, release déltirê, -e, sprigntly, wide-awake demain, tomorrow demander (à), askj se — , ask oneself démence,/., insamty démesuré, -e, huge, overgrown démesurément, imboimdedly, be-

yond ail measure demeure,/., abode, dwelling-place demeurer, dwell, remain demi, -e, naïf; à — , adv., half demi-clos, -e. half-closed demi-nu, -e, nalf-naked demi-siècle, m., half a century démocratie,/., aemocracy demoiselle,/., young lady démontrer, show, demonstrate dénégation,/., déniai denier, m., farthing dénombrer, number dénommer, designate dénoncer, denounce denrée, /., produce, commodity, ware dense, dense, thick dent, /., tootn dentelé, -e, jagged dénuder, stnpTlay bare, dénude dénuement, m., destitution, bereave-

ment déparer, disfigure, mar, spoil départ, m., departure, starting; point

de — , startmg point département, m., department départir (à), dispense, distribute, be-

stow (on) dépasser, go or get beyond, pass,

overshoot, outstrip, outdo, excel dépeçage, m., breaking up dépecer, eut up, break up dépêche,/., telegram dépêcher, dispatch, send dépendance,/., dependence dépendre (de), dépend (on)

dépens, m. pi., expense, cost, outlay;

à mes — , at my expense dépense,/., expense, cost, outlay dépenser, spend, expend dépit, m., spite, despite; en — de, in

spite 01 dépiter, vex, fret, provoke déplacement, m., displacement, jour-

ney déplacer, displace, misplace; se — ,

change one's place déplaire (à), displease: ne vous en

déplaise, with duedeierenceto you,

by your leave déplaisant, -e, displeasing, unpleas-

ant (se) déployer, unroll itself, be dis-

played déplumer, pluck déposer, put down, lay down, set

down, lay aside dépouille , /. , remains dépouiller (de), strip, despoil déprécier, depreciate déprédat-eur, -rice, m., /., depredstor (se) déprendre, leave each other, let

each other go depuis, since: — que, since député, m., aeputy dérisoire, aerisive, ridiculous demi-er, -ère, last dérober, rob, steal; se — , steal away,

be hiaden, fly from dérouler^ display

déroute,/., rout, defeat, overthrow derrière, behind derrière, m., back, hindpart dès, since, as soon as; — le jour, as

soon as it was d&y désabuser, imdeceive, set right, dis-

abuse désaccord, m., disagreement désappointement, m., disappointment désastreu-z, -se, disastrous désavantage, m., disadvantage désceller, unseal, loosen descendre, descend, go down, come

down descente,/., descent (se) désempiler, pile oneself out désenchanter, disenchant d%s^n!^TD^t%x ^ 4^sfôacumber

VOCABULARY

déséqtiilibré, -e, m,, /., unbalanced person

déserty -e, désert, wild, deserted; svbst. m., désert; le — se fait, quiet reigns

déserter, désert, abandon

déserteur, m., aeserter

dé sespérance, /. , despaîr

désespéré, -e, disconsolate, in despaur, desperate

désespérer (de), desçair, drive to despaîr; se — , despair

désespoir, m., despair

déshonorant, -e, dishonorable

déshonorer, dishonor

(se) désigner, be desi^ated

dédllusion, f., disillusion

désintéresse, -e, disinterested

désintéressement, m,, disinterestedness

(se) désintéresser (de), be or become iminterested (in)

désir, m., désire

désirer j désire

désobéu:, disobey

désordre, m., disorder

désorienté, -e, bewildered, dazed

désormais, henceforth

dessécher, dry, dry up, wither

desserrer, loosen, open

dessiner, draw, design, sketch

dessous, beneath, below, undemeath

dessus, on, upon ; au- — de, above, be-

yond the reacn of : là , upon that,

over that, upon tnat headf ; par — , above, over; sens — dessous, upside down

destin, m., destiny

destinée,/., destiny

destiner, destine, design

destruct-eur, -rice, destructive, destroying

détachement, m., imconcem, indifférence, detachment (milit.)

détacher, unfasten, untie, undo, detach, take down

détail, m., détail

détaler, pack up, scamper away

détente,/., lettmg down, calm

détermination, /., détermination, résolve

déterminer, détermine

déterminisme, m., determinism

détester, detest

détour, m., bend, tuming, roundaboufc

way, maze détourner, tum away or aside détresse,/., distress détruire, àestroy dette,/., debt deuil, m., mouming deux, two

dévaler, come down, nm down devancer, go before, get the start of ;

se laisser — , be left behind devanci-er. -ère, m., /., predecessor

devant, before; au de, before

dévastat-eur, -rice, devastating

dévastation,/., dévastation, havoc

dévaster, devastate

développement, m., development

développer, develop; se — , develop

devenir, become

devenir, m.j progress, becoming

dévier, deviate, turn aside

deviner, guess

devise,/., motto

deviser, chat

devoir, must, ought, be obliged to,

hâve to, be going to, owe devoir, m., duty; par — ,fromasense

of duty dévorant, -e, devouring, ravenous dévoué, -e, devoted dévouement, m., dévotion dévoyé, -e, out of the right way,

astray, wandering diable, m., de vil; ce sera bien le — ,

the devil if dialecte, m., dialect dictature,/., dictatorship dicton, m., saying, byword Dieu, m., God différent, -e, différent différer, differ, disagree difficile, difficult difficulté,/., diflSculty diffusion, f., diffusion, spreading digne (de), worthy, deserving (of) dignité,/., dignity diluer, dilute, dissolve dimanche, m., Sunday diminution,/., decrease, leaaenixv^j^ diminuât , d\ii\m\^, Vss&\n.

dire, say, tell; cela veut tout — , that says it ail; c'est à — , that is to say; se — , say to oneself , say to each other

dire, w., saying, words, account; au — de, in the words of

directement, directly

direction,/., direction, management

discerner, discern

discours, m., discourse, speech

discrédit, m., discrédit

discréditer, discrédit

discr-et, -ête, discreet, low

discrètement, discreetly

discuter, discuss

disjoindre, disjoin, sever, separate *

disjoint, -e, p. p, of disjoindre, disjointed

disloquer, dislocate, break up

disparaître, disappear

dispenser (de), dispense (with)

disperser, scatter; se — , scatter, disperse

disposer, dispose, make ready

disposition, /., humor, mood, state, disposition

dispute, /., dispute, quarrel, wrangling

disputer (de), argue (upon); se — , contend for, dispute, strive for

disséquer, dissect

dissimuler^ dissimulate, dissemble

dissiper, dispel, drive away; se — , be dispelled or scattered

(se) dissoudre, dissolve

distance, /., distance; à — , at a distance, aloof

distancer, outdistance

distillerie,/., distillery, still

distinctement, clearly, distinctly

distinguer, distinguish

distraction,/., distraction, diversion

distraire, entertain, amuse

distraitement, absently, heedlessly, carelessly

distribuer, distribute

distributi-f, -ve, distributive

dit, -e, p. p. of dire, called

diversement, differently

dive (/or divine), divine

divers, -e, différent, various, aiverse

diversion, /., diversion, entertain-

ment diversité,/., diversity divertissement, /., entertainment, diversion divin, -e, divine divinement, divinely divinité,/., divinity dix, ten

dix-huit, eighteen dix-huitième, eighteenth dix-sept, seventeen docilité,/., docility docteur, m., doctor; — en médecine,

Doctor of Medicine doctorat, m., doctor's degree dodeliner, swing, balance dogme, m., dogma, creed dogue, m,f buUdog, mastiff doigt, m., fînger doit, m., debit-side domaine, m., domain, estate, property dominant, -e, ruling, prédominant dominat-eur, -rice, dominating dominer, dominate dompter, master, overcome don, m., gift; faire — (à), give (to) donc, then

donjon, m., donjon, turret donnée,/., given quantity, data donner, give; se — , give oneself donquichottisme, m,, quixotism dont, whose, of, from, on, with whom

or which dormant, -e, stagnant dormeu-r, -se, m., /., sleeper dormir, sleep dos, m.f back: à — de, on the back of ;

au — , on the back douanier, m., custom-house officer doucement, gently douceur, /., sweetness, softness,

smoothness doué, -e, gifted douer (de), endow (with) douleur,/., grief, sorrow douloureusement, painfully, sadly,

sorrowfully douloureu-x, -se, painful, sore.

moumful. sorrowful doute, m., aoubt

VOCABULARY

douteu-x, -se, doubtful

douve,/., stave

dou-x, -ce, sweet

douze, twelve

dramatiquement, dramatically .

dramaturge, w., playwright, dramatist

drame, m., drama

drap, m.y cloth

drapeau, m., flag

dresser, raise, hold up, lift up; se — , stand, rise, take shape

droguet, m., drugget

droit, -e, right; de — e et de gauche, to the ri^t and to the left; adv., straight, straight on, upright, uprightly; tout — , straight ahead

droit, m., right; le bon — , right

drôle, m., rogue

dru, -e, thick, heavy

dû, -e, p. p. of devoir, owing, due

duc, m., duke

dûment, duly, properly

dtu:, -e, hard

dturable, durable, lasting

durant, during, for; trois heures — , for tnree hours

durcir, harden

durée,/., duration

durement, rudely, hard, harshly

durer, last, endure, hold eut

dureté,/., hardness, harshness

eau,/., water

eau-de-vie,/., brandy

ébahi, -e, wonderstnick, amazed,

open-mouthed (s') ébahir, be wonderstruck, gaze

with wonder ébats, m, pL, sport, gambols ébaubi, -e, wonderstruck ébloui, -e, dazzled éblouissement, m., intoxication, diz-

ziness ébouler, f aU in, crumble écarquiller. open wide (one^s eyes) écart, m., distance écartelé, -e, mangled écarteler, -e, quarter, pull aj^art écarter, oiscard, put aside, dismiss

échafaud, m., scaffold

échafauder, pile up

échange, m., exchange

échanger, exchange; s* — , be ex-

changed échantÙlon, m., sample échapper (à), escape (from), escape;

s* — , escape échéance,/., date, falling due échec, m., repuise, loss, failure échelle,/., ladder échelonner, draw up échevelé, -e, frantic, disheveled échine,/., back, spine écho, m., écho; faire — (à), écho échouer, founder, fail; s* — , run

aground échu, -e, p, p. of échoir, fallen, be-

fallen éclabousser, splash; s' — , splash one-

self éclaboussure,/., splash, bit éclair, m., flash of Ughtning or fire,

flash éclaircie,/., bright spot éclaircir, clear up, enHghten; s* — ,

clear, clear up, brighten éclairé, -e, Ughted, lighted up. Ht up,

enligntened éclat, m., splendor, briUiancy, bright-

ness, fragment, bit, burstmg; — de

rire, burst of laughter éclatant, -e, bright, shining, dazzling éclater, burst out, burst, blow up,

blaze forth, shine, gUtter école,/., school écoU-er, -ère, m.. /., pupil, scholar,

schoolboy or schoolgirl économie, /., economy économique, economical économiser, economize économiste, m., economist (s*) écouler, elapse écoute, /., listening-place; aux — s,

on the watch écouter, listen écrasé, -e, overwhelmed écrasement, m., crushing écraser, crush (s*) écraser, be crushed (s*) écrier, cry out, exclaim.

écrite, -wiiXfe

écrit, m., writing

écriture,/., writing, handwriting

écrivain, m., writer

écroulé, -e, fallen, fallen in

écroulement, m., crash, fall, falling,

fall down, falling down écuelle,/., bowl écumant, -e, foaming écume,/., foam, froth écureuil, m., sauirrel éctirie,/., stable écusson, m., badge, scutcheon édenté, -e, toothless édifice, m.j édifice, building édifier, build, build up êducat-eur, -rice, w.,/., educator éducation, /., éducation, rearing,

bringing up effacer, erase, wipe out, blot eut effaré, -e, frightened effectivement, effectively effervescence,/., effervescence; mettre en — , upset effet, m., effect; en — , in reality, in-

deed efficacement, effîcaciously (s*) effiler, draw out effluves,/. pZ., émanations effondré, -e, broken, fallen in effondrement, m., fall, coUapse (s') effondrer, fall in, sink in, faU in

pièces (s*) efforcer, force oneself effrayant, -e, frightful effrayer, frighten; s* — . be frightened effréné, -e, unbridled, lawless effroi, m., iright, fear effroyable, frightful égal, -e (à), equal (to), even, uniform,

calm également, likewise égalité,/., equaUty égard, m., regard, respect; à bien des

— s, in many respects égaré, -e, lost, stray, haggard, wild (s*) égarer, lose oneself égayer, enliven, brighten up, cheer up église,/., church égolsme, m., egotism, selfishness égoïste, egotistical égoïste, m., egoist égrener, drop, scatter

égyptien, -ne, Egyptian

(s*) élaborer, be formed or worked out

élan, m., buoyancy, transport, impetus

(sO élancer, spring or dart forward, be thrust forward

élargir, widen, enlarge

électoral, -e, électoral

électrique, electric .

élève, m.,/., çupil

élevé, -e, mgh, lofty, exalted; au sens le plus — , in the highest sensé

élever, raise, elevate

éliminer, eliminate

elle-même, herself, itself

éloge, m., eulogy, praise

éloigné, -e, far, ropiote, distant

éloignement, m., departure, remoteness, distance, absence

éloigner, remove, keep at a distance

élu, -e, V. p. of élire, elected, chosen one, elect

embarquement, m,, embarkation, sailing

embarrasser, embarrass, x)erplex.

puzzle; s' — (de), get entanglea (with) or mixed up (in)

embaucher, hire, entice away, recruit

embaumé, -e, perfumed

embaumer, emoalm

embellir, improve, embellish, adom

emboturgeoisé, -e, belongmg to or in the possession of the middle class

embrasé, -e, on fire, glowing, flaming

embrasement, m., conflagration, fusion

embraser, set on fire, set afiame

embrassade,/., embrace, hug

embrassement. m., embrace

embrasser, emorace, caress

embrigadement, m., recruiting, enlis tment

embrun, m., shower

émerger, émerge

émerveillement, m., wonder

(s') émerveiller, wonder at, marvel

émigrer, emigrate

émission, /., utterance, issue, émission

eixnxnflcQshfit^ put a handle to, hitch

VOCABULARY

emmener, take away, carry away

émoi, m., stir, motion, flutter, anxiety

émotion, /., émotion, feelinç

émouvant, -e, moving, stirrmg

empanacher, plume

empaqueter, wrap up

(s*) emparer (de), take possession (of),

seize, lay hold (of), secure empêcher, prevent: s* — (de), (with

négation) nelp or fceep (from) empêtrement, m., àwkwardness (s*) empiler, be piled or stacked up,

pile oneself in empire, m., empire, reign, command,

sway emplacement, m., site, pièce of

ground, place (s») emplir, fiU emploi, m., employment . employer, employ; s*— (à), occupy

or employ oneself (with) employeur, m., employer emplumé, -e^ covered with pliunes empoisonné, -e, poisoned emporté, -e, fiery emportement, m,, wrath, rage, fit of

passion, outburat emporter, cany away or off ; V — , get

the better of empoturpréy -e, purple empreinte» /., impression, mark,

stamp empressé, -e, hurried (s') empresser, hasten, throng, be

eager emprise,/., séduction, allurement (s') emprisonner, imprison or confine

oneself emprunter, borrow ému. -e, p. p. of émouvoir, moved,

affected en, pron, of it, him, her, them; prep.

in, into, upon, to, through, as, like encadrement, m., setting. frame encadrer, frame, surrouna, encircle encastrer, frame in enceinte,/., enclosure, circle enchaînement, m., succession, chain enchidner, enchain, bind, fetter; s' — ,

be linked together enchantement, m,, enchantment,

speJ]^ charm enchanter, encbant, delight, charm

(s') enchâsser, be set, enshrined

enchevêtrement, m., entanglement

enchevêtrer, entangle

enclos, m., paddock, garden, yard

enclume,/., anvil

encombré, -e (de), encumbered

(with), littered (with) encombrer, obstruct, encumber encore, yet, still

encouragement, m., encouragement encourager, encourage encre,/., ink endiablé, -e, possessed endormi, -e, àsleep (sO endormir, f ail asleep endroit, m., place énergie,/., energy énergique, energetic enfance, /., infancy, childhood enfant, m., child enfanter, give birth to enfer, m., neU, Hades (s*) enfermer, shut oneself up enfin, finally enflammer, inflame, set in a blaze,

fire; s* — , be inflamed enfoncer, thrust down^ drive in (s') enfuir, flee, take flight enfumé, -e, smoky engager, engage; s* — , get entangled

or mvolved, plunge into engendrer, beget, engender, breed,

give rise to engendr-eur,-euse,m.,/., begetter engin, m., engine, tool engloutir, submerge; s' — , be swal-

lowed, sink (s') engouffrer, rush into, be swal-

lowed up engourdir, benimib, dull engourdissement, m., nimibness, dull-

ness, sluggishness engrenage, m., cogs, entanglement (s*) enhardir, grow bold, hâve the

hardihood énigme,/., eni^a, riddle enivrant, -e, mtoxicating, inebriat-

ing enivrement, m., intoxication enivrer, intoxicate en^ambtet )^\.T\âi<^ o^^x emou%,-%,0ùfe«d>3^,^'sfvv;^

enlever (à), take away (from) ennemi, -e, hostile, imfriendly, hurt-

ful (to); subst. m., enemy ennobli, -e, ennobled ennoblir, ennoble ennoblissant, -e, ennobling ennui, m., ennui, irksomeness, tedi-

ousness ennuyer, tire, weary, annoy. worry,

bother; s* — , be bored, tired, weary,

sick (s') enorgueillir (de), pride oneself

(upon) énorme, huge, enormous (s*) enquérir (de), inquire (about) or

(into) enquête,/., inquiry, inquest enraciner, implant, root enragé, -e, m.,/., mad person enrégimenter, form into a régiment,

discipline enrichir, make rich (s*) enrichir, become rich enroué, -e, hoarse (s*) enrouer, become quite hoarse enseigne,/., sign, signboard enseignement, m., teaching, instruction, lesson enseigner, teach ensemble, together; d' — , with har-

mony. ensemble, as a whole ensemble, m., whole, ensemble enserrer, encircle, encompass ensevelir, bury; s* — , bury oneself, be

buried ensuite, afterwards (s*) ensuivre, follow, ensue entaille,/., notch, gash entailler, notch, jag entamer, eut, begin, touch entassement, m., heap, pile entasser, pile up, heap up; s* — , hud-

dle together, be huddled together,

be piled up entendre, hear, understand entendu, -e, p. p. of entendre, heard,

understood, agreed; bien — , of

course entente,/., alliance, imderstanding enterrer, bury

enthousiasme, m,, enthusiasm enthousiaste, enthusiastic

enti-er, -ère, entire, whole; tout — t

adj., whole; ado., whoUy, entirely entonnoir, m., funnel, canyon, shi^

hole entourage, m., moimting, railing entoturer, surroimd entr'acte, m., interlude, interval be-

tween two acte (s') entr'aider, aid each other entrain, m., enthusiasm entraîner, carry along. bear along entrave, /., trammel, fetters, hin-

drance entre, between, among; d'entre, from

among, from out of (s') entre-choquer, etrike each other entrecroisement, m,, interweaving,

entwining (s') entre-déchirer, malign each other entrée, /., outrance; faire une — , en- ^

ter entrelacis, m., interweaving entreprendre, imdertake entreprise,/., undertaking entrer, enter; faire — , introduœ,

show in (s') entretenir, be maintained, kept

up, talk entretien, m., maintenance, keep»

préservation, care, conversation,

talk, discourse (s') entretuer, kill each other entrevoir, catch or hâve a glimpse of (s') entr'ouvrir, half-open, gape, open envahir, invade, break in or encroach

upon envahissant, -e, over-running envahisseur, m., invader envasé, -e, cau^t in the mud or mire enveloppé, -e (de), covered or

wrapped (with) envelopper, envelop, wrap envers, toward

enviable, désirable, to be envied envie,/., envy envier, envy environ, about environnant, -e, surrounding environs, m. pL, neighborhood, environs; aux — de, near or in the

neighborhood of eirï\sa%<&t^\QQk ^t or in the face, scan

VOCABULARY

>,/., flight

Dent, m., flight

roler, fly away, take its flight,

, -e, envoy

r, send

se, thicky heavy

smenty m., outpouring, effu-

incheTy pour itself out, over-

noair, bloom, flourish

»,/., thrift, savings

»r, spare; s* — , spare oneself

railler, be scattered about

/., shoulder

r., wreck

, sword

-e, bewildered, distracted

» m,, young man

ire, short-Jived, ephemeral

ear (of com)

>,/., grocery

py, watchy watch for

epic, heroic

5, /., epithet

j., spoi^e

,/., epoch, period, time

»nné, -e, panting

', marry

itCTy appall, terrif y

endre (de), be enamored (of)

itten (with)

î,/., tnal, proof, test

e (de), enamored (of), in love

ar, try, prove, test, expérience

lent, m., exhaustion

y exhaust, tire out, wear out :

wear oneself out, be exhausted

sseur, m., horse-slaughterer

>y/., square

"Cym., Dalance

'éy -e, balanced

;e, m., équipage, garb, equip-

u/., frolic

f., equity, faimess

ence,/., équivalence

enty -ey équivalent

DÎr (à), be équivalent (to)

intery tire oneself out

errant, -e, wandering, roving errer, wander, err erreur,/., error, mistake érudition, /., érudition, scholarship;

travaux d' — , leamed research escabeau, m., stool; — de fortune,

any chance stool escalade,/., scaling escalier, m., stairway escarmouche,/., skirmish esclaffement, m., burst of laughter esclavage, m., slavery esclavagiste, slave-holding esclave, m., /., slave escompter, discount, forestall escorter, escort (s*) escrimer, battle together, strive

hard espace, m., space espèce,/., kind, sort, species espérance,/., hope espérer, hope espoir, m., hope esprit, m., mind, spirit esquisser, sketch, outline; s' — , be

sketched essai, m., attempt, sample essayer (de), try; s* — (à), try one's

hand (at), leam (to) essor, m,, night, soaring est, m., east estampille,/., stamp esthétique,/., aesthetics estimer, estimate estoc, m., point estompe,/., stamp, shadow étable,/., stable établi, -e, established, constituted,

recognized établir, establish; s' — , set oneself up

in business établissement, m., establishment, institution étage, m., story. floor étagère,/., shelf étai, m., prop, stay, rafter étain, m., tin

étalage, m., display, show, goods étaler, display, spread out; s* — , be

displayed, be spread out étameur, m., tinker

étang, m., pond

étape,/., stage

état, m., state; — d*esprit, state of

mind; hors d' — , unable; mettre en

— (de), enable a person (to), be

enabled (to) États-Unis, m. pL, United States étayer, prop, prop up été, m.f summer

(s') éteindre, go out, be dimmed, die éteint, -e, p. p. of éteindre, out, faint,

dying, extinct, pale étendre, stretch out, stretch, spread,

spread out; s* — , spread, be scat-

tered étendu, -e, j), p. of étendre, extensive,

f ar-reaching, stretched out étendue, /., extent, vast extent of

space étemel, -le, etemal éternellement, etemally éternité,/., etemity étincelant, -•e, sparkling étincelle,/., spark étiolation, m., etiolation, wanness (s') étioler, make pale étirer, stretch, stretch out; s* — ,

stretch oneself étofife,/., cloth étoile,/., star étonnant, -e, astonishing étonné, -e, astonished (s*) étonner (de), be astonished (at) étouffer, choke, stifle étourdi, -e, heedless, thoughtless,

rattle-headed, scatterbrained étourneau, m., starling étrange, strange étrangement, strangely étrang-er, -ère, m., /., stranger; adj.,

foreign, strange, unfamihar, alien,

a stranger (to), unfamihar (with) étrangler, choke être, be, go; — de or à, belong to être, m., human being étremdre, bind, bind doser étreinte,/., tie, grasp, clasp, embrace étrille,/., currycomb étroit, -e, narrow étroitement, tightly, closely étude, J., study; faire ses —s, study, be educated

étudier, study

eux, they, them

eux-mêmes, themselves

évacuer, evacuate

évangile, m.. Gospel

évanoui, -e, vanished

(s^ évanouir, vanish away, faint

away (s*) évaporer, evaporate, vanish évasé, -e, wide, wide-open (s*) évaser, widen (s*) éveiller, awaken, awake événement, m., event, happening, incident éventré, -e^ mutilated éventrer, np open évêque, m., bishop évider, roimd, trim éviter, avoid évoluant^ -e, pertaining to évolution,

evolutional évoluer, evolve évoquer, evoke exact, -e, exact exactement, exactly exalter, exalt; s* — , be exalted, in-

flamed examiner, examine exaspérer, exasperate excès, m., excess excessi -f, -ve, excessive exciter, excite

exclamation, /., exclamation, cry exclure, exclude exclusivement, exclusively excuser, excuse; s* — , excuse oneself exécuter, exécute, carry out exemplaire, m., example, copy (of a

hook) exemple, m., example exempt, -e (de), exempt (from) exercer, exercise, practice; s* — , prac-

tice (s^ exhaler, be exhaled exigeant, -e, exacting exigence, /., demand, need, exigency exiger, exact, demand exister, exist, be

(s') expatrier, leave one's country expectative,/., expectation; en — ,in

expectation ei^^dlei^ dispatch

VOCABULARY

expérimental, -e, expérimental expérimentation,/., experiment expirer, expire explication,/., explanation expliquer, explain; s* — , explain one-

seli, be explained exploit, m., exploit, feat exploitation,/., cultivation explorer, explore exposer, expose, set forth expressi-f , -ve, expressive exprimer, express; s* — , express one-

self exquis, -e, exquisite extase,/., ecstasy, rapture exténuer, wear out. weaken extérieur, -e, outside, exterior, foreign extraire, extract

extrait, -e, p. p. 0/ extraire, extracted extraordinairement, extraordinarUy extrémité,/., extremity

fabricant, m., manufacturer fabrique, /., manufactory, mill, fac-

tory fabriquer, f abricate^ make fabuliste, m., fabulist façade,/., front face, /., face, countenance; — à,

en — , opposite; en — de, opposite,

in front of ; faire — à, tum opposite

or in front of ; regarder en — , look

in the face fâché, -e, sorry, vexed, angry, dis-

pleased (se) fâcher, be angry fâcheu-x, -se, unpleasant, grievous,

vexations facile, easy

faciliter, f acilitate, make easy façonner, make, f ashion, shape facteur, m., postman factice, factitious, artificial faction,/., watch faculté, /., faculty, power, ability,

talent fadaise, /., fiddle-faddle, nonsense fagot, m., fagot faiblesse,/., weakness

faiblir, weaken

faïence,/., crockenr, earthenware faillir, corne near, fail faillite,/., f allure; faire — , fail faim,/., hunger; avoir — , be hungry faire, do, make. say; se — , make or get for oneself, be made, be done, nappen, take place, become; — le jeu, play the game; — ses études, study; laisser — , leave or let alone; que — , what must be done; qu*y — , what^s to be done faisceau, m., bimdle, sheaf; le — de

lumière, radiance of light fait, -e, p. p. 0/ faire, made, done fait, m., fact; de — , in reality falloir, must, be necessary (to) fameu-x, -se, famous familial, -e, pertaining to the fam-

fanuliarité, /., famiharity

famili-er, -ère, familiar

familièrement, familiarly

famille,/., fanuly

fanal, m., light, beacon

fantaisie, /., fancy, liking, whim, fantasy ; prendre — , please, choose, take a liking

fantassin, m., footsoldier, infantry

fantastique, lantastic

fantastiquement, fantastically

fantôme, m., phantom

fardeau, m., burden

farine,/., flour

farouche, savage, wild

fastidieu-x, -se, fastidious

fatal, -e, fatal

fatalement, f atally

fatalité,/., fatalitjr

fatidique, prophétie

fatigué, -e, tired, weary

faubourg, m., suburbs

fauchée, /., reaping, mowing down, killing

faucher, reap, mow down

faucon, m.j falcon, hawk

faune,/., faima

faussaire, m., forger

fausser, bend, break, warp

faut, il — , indic, of falloir, it is necessary, one must; U — bien, of course, naturally , oiift Vï^a \.^

faute,/., fault, mistake, blâme; — de, for want of, for lack of

fauteuil, m., arm-chair; — académique , a seat in the French Academy

fauve, reddish

fauve, m., wild beast

fau-x, -sse, false

faux,/., Scythe

faveur, /., favor; en — de, in favor of

favoriser, favor

fécond, -e, fruitful, rich, fertile

fécondité,/., fecundity

féerique, fairy, fairylike

feignant, près, p, of feindre, seeming

félicité,/., felicity, happiness

(se) fêUciter (de), w., congratulate oneself (on)

femelle,/., female

féminin, -e, féminine

femme,/., wife, woman

fenêtre,/., window

féodal, -e, feudal

fer, m., iron, steel, sword; chemin de — -j railroad

ferme, nrm, steady, strong, hard

ferme,/., farm

fermer, close, shut

fermeté,/., firmness

fermeture,/., closing, fastening

fermi-er, -ère, m., /., f armer, f armeras wife

féroce, ferocious, savage, wild, fierce

férocement, ferociously

férocité,/., ferocity

ferraille,/., old iron, junk

ferrer, bind with iron

ferrure,/., shoeing, shoes, iron-work

fertile, fertile, friiitful, rich

fervent, -e, fervent, earnest

festin, m., feast, entertaimnent

fête,/., holiday, célébration, feast

fêter, celebrate, feast

feu, m., fire, flash

feuillage, m., foliage

feuille,/., leaf, sheet

feutre, w., felt, felt hat

fiançailles,/. 7?^, betrothal

fiancé, -e, wi.,/., one who is betrothed

fibre,/., nber

ficelle,/., string

âcber, Èx, drive, plant ^dêJe, faitbful

fidèlement, faithfully

fi-er, -ère, proud

fièrement, çroudly

fierté,/., çride, dignity, high-minded-

ness, spirit fièvre,/., fever fiévreusement, feverishly figer, congeal figtie,/., fig figuier, m., ng-tree

f^urant, -e, supemumerary, figurant ^ure, /., figure, form, shap>e, face;

faire triste — , be a sorry si^t; en

— de, in the form of figurer, figure; se — , to picture to

oneself fil, m., thread, wire; — de fer, wire,

baroed wire file,/., file, row, rank filer, spin

filière,/., draw-plate, screw-plate filleule,/., god-daughter fils, m., son filtrer, filter

fin, -e, fine, dainty, thin fin, /., end; mettre — à, put an end

to final, -e, final finalement, finally finir, end, conclude, close, settle fixer, fix, fasten, rivet, attract, appoint, settle; se — à, be interest^d

m fixité, /., fixity flageolant, -e, wobbling flambeau, m., candlestick flambée,/., fixe flamme,/., flame, fire, sparkle flanc, m., sida, womb, bowels flâner, loiter, linçer flânerie,/., loitenng, idling flâneu-r, -se, m.,/., loiterer, loafer flanquer, flank flaque,/., puddle, pool flatteu-r, -se, flattering fléau, m., curse, scourge flèche,/., arrow fléchir, bend. give way, waver flétri, -e, witnered, faded fleur,/., flower; à — d'eau, on a level

with the water, near tne water's

VOCABULARY

fletiri, -e, in blossom, blooining

fleuve, m., river

flexion,/., bending

floraison,/., bloom, efflorescence

florissant, -e, flourishing, blooming

flot, m., wave, flood-tide, stream; à — s, in torrents, in an a,valanche

flottant, -e, floating, waving

fluide, âuid, waterjr

fluvial, -e, pertainmg to rivers

fluxion, f. , mflammation

foi,/., faith

foire,/., fair; jour de — , market-day; spectacle de — , show

fois, /., time ; à la — , at the same time ; tout à la — , ail at once, ail together

folie, /., folly

follement, heedlessly, foolishly

fonction,/., fonction, duty

fonctionnement, m., functioning

fond, m., bottom, aepth, back; à — , thoroughly, to the bottom; au — , in the main, at bottom; — de tableau, backgroimd; dans le — , in the main

fondamental, -e, fondamental

fondatetu:, m., foimder

fondement, m., foundation

fonder, found

fondre, melt, fall, burst, blend, vanish; se — , melt, dwindle away, vanish

fondrière,/., bog, quagmire

fondu, -e, p. p, of fondre, melted, molten, subdued

fontaine,/., fountain

fonte,/., fount

force, /., force, strength; à — de, by dint or means of

force {before a noun), much, many

forcé, -e, forced

foresti-er, -ère, pertaining to a forest, rustic, syîvan

forêt,/., forest

forge,/., forge {hlacksmiih*s)

forger, forge

forgeron, m., blacksmith

forme,/., form, shape, figure

former, form, mold, shape

formidablement, formidably

formule,/., formula

formuler, formulate

fort, -e, strong, stout; au — de la

bataille, in the thick of the battle;

adv,f very, most, highljr fortement, strongly, strikingly forteresse,/.^ fortress, stronghold fortifier, f ortify, strengthen fosse,/., grave, ditch fossé, m., ditch, moat fo-u, -1 (before a vowd), -lie, m., /.,

f ool, madman or woman foudre,/., lightning, thmider foudroyant, -e, crushing, fulminating,

thunderstriking foudroyer, thunderstrike fouetter, whip fougère,/., fem fougue,/., fire, spirit, mettle fouiller, search, rimimage fouillis, m., jumble foule,/., crowd four, m., oven fourmi,/., ant

fourmillement, m., myriad, swarm fourmiller, swarm fournaise,/., fumace fournir, fumish, supply, provide fourrage, m., fodder, provender,

straw fourré, m., thicket fourré, -e, lined with fur fourrière,/., poimd foyer, w., hearth, home fracas, m., crash, din, uproar, noise fragile, fragile, frail, weak fragilité,/., frailty, fragility fragment, m., fragment, bit, pièce,

scrap fraîchement, freshly, newly fraîchetu:,/., coolness, freshness fra-is, -îche, fresh, cool frais, m. pi., expenses, costs fran-c, -che, frank franc, m., franc français, -e, French franchir, clear, cross, leap over franchise,/., franchise, freedom frappant, -e, striking frapper, strike, hit, affect fraternel, -le, fratemal fraude,/., fraud frayer, open, prépare; se — » break

frêle, fragile

frémir, çhudder, quake, tremble,

quiver, be thrilled frémissement, m., shudder, thrill,

trcmbling frère, m., brother fret. m. y freight, goods frétillement, m., wriggling frise,/., friezc; chevaux de — , barbed

wiro friser, curl, fan frissonner, shiver frivole, frivolous froid, -e, cold froid, m., cold, cold weather; avoir — ,

be cold; faire — , be cold (wear-

ther) froidement, coldly froidure,/., cold froncer, wrinkle, contract, pucker

up frondaison,/., foliage front, m., forehead, front: faire —

contre, confront, stana against,

oppose frontière, f., frontier fruit^ m., fruit, fruits fruitier, which bears fruit; arbre — ,

fruit-tree fugiti-f, -ve, fugitive, fleeting, wan-

(iering fuir, glide, slip, âee, take flight, fly

from fumant, -e, smoking, reeking, steam-

ing fumée,/., smoke, bubble, fit fumeu-z, -se, smokv fumier, m., dunghill funèbre, funcral funeste, fatal, disastrous fureur./., anger, fury furie,/., îury furieusement, furiously furieu-z, -se, furious fusée,/., rocket fusil, m., gun fusillade./., firing fût, m.y sliatt, trunk futaie,/., grove, thicket, wood futtu*, -e, future fuyant, -e, receding, vanishing fuyard, m., fugitive

gagner, gain, eam. overtake, catch,

lay hold of, win, beat gai, -e, gay, merry gaiement, gaily gaieté,/., gayety gaillard, -e, joUy, merry, spirited gaillardement, jollily, memly galoches,/. pL, galoshes. clogs galop, m., gallop; en plein — , at a

gallop galvaniser, galvanize gamin, -e, m., /., boy, urchin, child;

adj., boyish, childlike gamme,/., scale, gamut gant, m., glove garantie,/., guaranty,pledge, voucher,

security garde,/., guard, keeping, watch, care,

heed; n'avoir — de, take good

heed not to, be far from, be unable;

faire bonne — , keep f aithf ul watch;

prendre — (à), take notice (of) garde, m., keeper, warden; — champêtre, rural constable garder, keep, retain, conserve; se

— (de), keep, last, keep or protect

oneself , be kept gardien, -ne, m.,/., guardian gare,/., station gars, m.f boy, lad Gascogne,/., Gascony gaspiller, fritter away, waste gastronomique, gastronomie gâteau, m., cake gâter, spoil, waste gauche, left

gauchement, awkwardly Gaule,/., Gaul gaule,/., fishing-rod gaz, m., gas gazonner, grass géant, m., giant geindre, moan, whine gelée,/., frost gémir, groan, wail, bewail gémissement, m., groan, moan, wail,

groaning gendarme, m., policeman, constable gendarmerie, /., gendarmerie, con-

stabulary

VOCABULARY

gêner, disturb, annoy, impede, be in the way of

général, -e, gênerai; en — , in gênerai

généralement, generaUy

générat-eur, -rice, m., /., generator

généreu-z, -se, generous

générosité, /., generosity

génie, m., genius

genou, m., knee

genre, m., kind

gens, m. pL, people

géographie, f., geography

geôle,/., jaïl

géométrique, geometrical

gerbe,/., sheaf, wheat-sheaf

germain, -e, German

Germanie,/., Germany

germe, m., germ, bud, seed

germer, sprout

gésir, lie

geste, m., gesture, motion, sigh, action

gibier, m., game; — de passage, migratoiy bird

gigantesque, gigantic

giratoire, gyratory, whirling, eddying

girouette,/., weathercock, vane

gisait, imp. of gésir, lay

gît, Srd, ver, sing. of gésir, lies

gitane, cuso gitano, m., gypsy

gîte, m., lodging, nome

glabre, smooth, without hair

glacé, -e, icy, frozen, chilling

glaise,/., clav, loam, potter's earth

glas, m., knell, death-knell

glauque, sea-green

glèbe,/., soil, clod, sod

gUsser, slip

globe, m., globe, earth

gloire, f.j glory; mettre sa — (à), gloiy (m), be proud (to)

glorieu-z, -se, gîorious

(se) glorifier (de), glory (in)

gobUn, m., hobgoDlin

golfe, m., gulf

gorge,/., throat

gorger, stuff

gosse, m.,/., child

gothique, Gothic

gouaillerie,/., bantering

goudron, m., pitch, tar

gouffre, m., gulf

goujon, m., gudgeon

gourmander, rebuke, handle roughly

goût, m.f taste, liking

gouvernement, m., govemment

gouverner, govem

grâce, /., favor, grâce, pardon,

mercy, thanks; — à, thanks to;

de mauvaise — , with bad grâce,

ungraciously gracieusement, gracefully gradé, m., non-commissioned (soldier) gradin, m., benches, seats graine,/., seed grammaire,/., grammar grand, -e, great, large, tall, big,

wide, spacious grandeur,/., greatness grandiose, grand grandir, grow grange,/., bam granit, m., granité grappe, /., cluster grappiller, glean hère and there grave, serions graver, engrave gravir, climb, clamber up gré, m., will, pleasure, Ûking, mind,

taste; savoir — à, be thankful to grec, -que, Grecian, Greek grêle,/., bail Grèce,/., Greece gréco-romain, -e, Greco-Roman grelottement, m., shivering grenade,/., grenade, hand-grenade grenier, m., attic grès, m., sandstone grève, /., strike grief, m., grievance; faire — (à),

reproach griffe, /., signature griffon, m., griffon, griffin grille,/., grating, iron gâte, bars grinçant, -e, sneering grincement, m., gnaining, grinding grincer, gnash, grind gris, -e, gray grisaille,/., gray grive,/., thrush grognement, m., growl. snarl grondement, m., rumbling, roar gronder, scold, growl gros,-S!e,b\%, ^ç»X.

grosse, /.y gross (twdve dozen) grossi-er, -ère, coarse, vulgar grossir, enlarge. increase, grow larger grouillant, -e, alive, crawlmg, living grouiller, stir, move groupe, m., group groupement, m., grouping, group grouper, group (together) ; se — , group

oneself , assemble grue,/., crâne guemlle,/.. rag, tatter guère, haraly, scarcely guéret, m., plowed land; — s, fields guéridon, m., round table guérir (de), recover (from), get well,

be healed (of), be cured (of) guérison,/., recovery guérissetu:, m., doctor, healer guerre,/., war guerrier, m., warrior guet, m., watch; au — , on the watch guêtre, -e, with gaiters guetter, watch, watch for gueule,/., mouth gueu-x, -se, beggar, poor, ruffian guider, guide, direct guigner, peep at, hâve an eye upon guise, f., way, guise, manner; en —

de, by way of; à sa — , as one

pleases gymnastique,/., gymnastics

habile, clever

habilement, cleverly

habileté,/., cleverness, competency

habitant, m., inhabitant

habitation, /., habitation, home,

dwelling habité, -e, inhabited habitude,/., habit habituel, -le, habituai, customary hache, /., ax haie,/., nedge haine,/., hâte, hatred haïr, hâte, loathe, disUke; se — , hâte

each other haïsseu-r, -se, m., /., hâter haletant, -e, panting, out of breath halle,/., market

halte,/., stop, hait; faire — , corne to a stop

halluciné, -e, hallucinated

hameau, m., hamlet

hangar, m., cart-shed, out-house

hanter, haimt

harceler, worry, annoy

hardi, -e, bold, courageous

hardiment, boldly

harmonie,/., harmony

hasard, m., chance, accident; au — ,

at random; de — , any; par — , by

chance (se) hasarder, risk^ venture hasardeu -z, -se, risky hâte, /., haste, speèd; en — de,

eager for hâter, hasten, hurry; se — , hasten,

make haste hâti-f , -ve, hasty, sudden haussement, m., raising, shrug hausser, lift up, elevate haut, -e, high, loud, tall, great, lofty;

au plus — , to full height; de bas

en — , upward from bâow; en —

de, on top hauteur,/., height, élévation hâve, wan, emaciated hébéter, dull, stupify hécatombe,/., hecatomb hélas! alas!

hellène, Grecian, Hellenic herbage, m., herbage, meadow-land herbe, /., grass, herb héréditaire, hereditary hérissé, -e, bristling, âia^gy, rough hériti-er, -ère, m., /., heu:, inheritor héroïne,/., heroine héroïque, neroic héroïquement, heroically héroïsme, m., heroism héros, m.f hero

hésitation,/., hésitation, faltering hésiter, hesitate heture,/., hour, time, moment: à V — ,

on time: à toute — , at ail times;

tout à r — ^ just now. a moment

ago, presently, by and by heureusement, happily, luckily, for-

tunately heureu -x, -se, fortunate, happy heurt, m., rippling, striking, Imock-

ing 1ie>sxt«t^ strlke or knock against,

VOCABULARY

hibou, m,, ovd

hier, yesterday

hiérarchie, /., hierarchy

hiérarchiser, classif y

hirondelle^ f., swallow

hisser, hoist, boost

histoire, /., nistory, story

historien, -ne, m., /.. historian

historique, histoncal, historic

hiver, w., winter

homicide, m., homicide^ murder

hommage, m., homage

homme, m.^ man

homonyme, m., namesake

honnête, honest

honnêtement, honestly

honneur, w., honor; faire V — (de), do the honor (of)

honorer, honor

honte, /., shame

honteu-x, -se, shameful

hôpital, m., hospital

horde, /., horde, pack

horlo|;e,/., clock

hormis, except, save

horreur. /., horror; faire — (à), horriiy

hors (de), out (of), outside, outside (of), except. save

hospice, m., almshousej hospital

hospitalité,/., hospitahty

hotte,/., basket, enimney, fiinnel

houblon, m., plant, hop

houille,/., coal

houle,/., swell {of the séa), surge

huche,/., bin

huer, noot

huit, eight

humain, -e, human, human being

humanitaire, human, philanthropie

humanité,/., humanity

humeur, /., mood, humor, disposition

htunilier, humiliate

hurlement, m., yell, howling

hurler, yell

hutte,/., but, cabin

hygiène,/., hygiène

hjrmne, m., hymn

h]rpnotiser, hypnotize

h]rpocrisie, /., nypocrisy

hjTpogée, m., underground tomb

hypoSièse, /., bypothesia

ici, hère

idéal, -e, idéal

idéal^ m., idéal

idéalisme, m., idealism

idéaliste, idealistic

idéalité,/., idéal, ideality

idée,/., idea

(s*) identifier, identify oneself, be

identified identique, identical idéologue, m., ideologist idiome, m., idiom ignoblement, ignobly, shamefully ignominie,/., ignominy ignominieu-x, -se, ignominious ignoré, -e, unknown ignorer, ignore, be ignorant of, be

unaware of; s* — , not to Imow

oneself illuminer, light up, illuminate, en-

lighten (s') illusionner, delude or deceive

oneself image,/., image, picture; à son — , in

his image, fîke: à 1* — de, in the

image of, like; lait à P — exacte du

premier, an exact copy of the first imaginati-f, -ve, imaginative (s') imaginer, imagine imbécilité,/., imbecility, stupidity initiateur, m., initiator immanent, -e, inhérent, intrinsic immédiatement, immeoiately immérité, -e, unmerited immobile, immovable, motionless,

immobile (s') immobiliser, still oneself immobilité, /., immovableness, im-

mobility immortel, -le, immortal immuable, immovable, immutable immuabilité,/., unchangeableness imparfait, -e, imperfect impassible, impassible, unmoved (s') impatienter, become impatient impeccable, sinless, impeccable impératrice,/., empress impérial ,-e, impérial impérieu-x, -se, imperioua

impitoyable, pitiless, ruthless implacable, implacable, relentless implacablement, implacably, relent-

lessly impliquer, involve, implicate importer, import, matter, signify,

Se of importance; n'importe, no

matter, never mind; qu' importe?

what does that matter?

importun, -e, troublesome, impor-

tunate importuner, intrude on, importune,

trouble, annoy imposant, -e, imposing imposer (à), impose or thrust (upon);

s* — (à), lay down to oneself,

obtrude or tnnist oneself (on);

en — (à), over-awe, impose (upon) impossible, impossible; par — , against

ail possibility imprescriptible, inaliénable, self-evi-

dancing, independent of external

authority impressionnant, -e, impressive impressionnisme, m., impressionism impressionniste, impressionistic impressionner, affect imprévu, -e,unforeseen, unlooked for;

svbst. m., the unexpected impudemment, impudentîy impuissance,/., impotency, inability,

powerlessness impuissant, -e, powerless impulsion,/., impulse, impetus (s') imputer, ascribe to oneself,

accuse oneself of inabordable, unapprpachable inachèvement, m., mcompleteness inattendu, -e, unexpected incalculê, -e, incalculable incarner, incarnate incendie, m., fire, conflagration incertain, -e, uncertain incessamment, incessantly incessant, -e, incessant, unceasing inchrêtien, -ne^ unchristian incidemment, mcidentally inciter, incite

incohérent, -e, incohérent, uneven incomber, devolve, be incumbent ^ncompl-et, -ète, incomplète iconnup "6, unknown

inconscience,/., unconsciousness inconscient, -e, unconscious incroyable^ unbelievable incruster, mlay, incrust Inde, /., India indéfiniment, indefinitely indépendance, /., independence indescriptible, mdescribable index, m., index, list of books for-

bidden fcy the Pope; mettre à 1' —,

forbid (a book) indicible, imutterable, unspeakable indigène, m., native indiquer, inoicate, point out indiscipline,/., lack of discipline indisponible, imavailable individu, m., individual individualité, /., individuality individuel, -le, individual Indo-Chine,/., Indo-China indou, -e, m., /., Hindu industriaUser, tum to industrial use

or to industry industrie,/., industry industriel, m., manufacturer inébranlable, unshaken^ \mappalled ineffable, imutterable, meffable inégal, -e, unequal, irregular, imeven inégalité,/., inequality inemployé, -e, unemployed inentendu, -e, unheard inépuisable, inexhaustible inerte, inert inertie,/., inertia inestimable, priceless inexplicable, unaccountable inexpliqué, -e, unexplained inexprimable, inexp^ressible infatigable, unflagging infatué, -e, infatuated inférieur, -e, inferior infériorité,/., inferiority infime, meanest, lowest, smallest infimité, /., meanness, littleness infini, -e, infinité infiniment, infinitely infirmerie,/., infirmary inflexible, inflexible, unbending infliger, inflict informe, shapeless, formless, mis-

shapen

VOCABULARY

infortuné, -e, m., /., unfortunate one infrangible, unbreakable ingénieusement, ingeniously ingéniosité, /.y cleverness ingénument, artlessly, ingenuously ingrat, -e, ungratefiû, thankless, un-

pleasant inhabile, inexpert, incompétent inimitié^ /., enmity, ill-will, hatred inique, miquitous, imrighteous iniquité, f.j iniquitv injure,/., msult, abuse, in jury injuste, unjust inlassable, untiring innombrable, innumerable inonder, overflow, overspread inoubliable, unforgettable inouï, -e, unheard of inqui-et, -ête, anxious, uneasy inquiétant, -e, disquieting inquiètement, uneasily inquiéter, alarm, disturb; s' — , make

oneself uneasy, concern oneself;

sans s* — (de), careless (whether) insanité,/., insanity inscrire, mscribe, enter; s' — , be in-

scribed, written insecte, m., insect insensé, -e, m.,/.,maniac, fool; adj.,

mad insensible (à), insensible (to),unmind-

fui (of), imperceptible, unconscious insensiblement, by slow degrees insinuer, insinuate; s' — , worm oneself, creep, enter insolemment, insolently insondable, unfathomable inspirer (à), inspire instable, unstead^, unstable installation, /., mstallation, install-

ment, accommodation installer, install, settle, arrange,

place; s' — , take one's place, make

oneself at home instant, m., instant, moment instantanément^ instantaneously instincti-f , -ve, mstinctive institut-eur, -rice, m., /., teacher instructi-f, -ve, instructive instruction, /., instruction, tuition,

knowledge; juge d' — , examining

magistrate

instrument, m., instrument, tool,

implement, agent insuffisant, -e, insuffîcient ' insulter, insuit insurgé, -e, rebel, insurgent, re-

beUious (s*) insurger, rise, be in insurrection,

rebel intellectualité, /., intellect, intellec-

tuality intempérie, /., inclemency {of the

weather) intense, intense, strenuous intensité,/., intensity intéressé, -e, concemed, interested,

selfish intéresser, interest; s' — (à), be interested (in) intérêt, m., interest, share, good, be-

half intérieur, -e, interior; à 1* — , at home,

any part of France far from the

front {during the war of 1914-1918) interlocut-eur, -rice, m., /., ques-

tioner interlude, m., interlude, intermission intermède, m., interlude (s*) interposer, interpose interpréter, interpret interroger, question interrompre, interrupt, break off,

stop (s*) interrompre, be interrupted,

break off^ stop intervenir, mtervene interviewer, interview intime, intimate intimité, /., intimacy intrépide, intrepid, fearless, imdaunt-

ed intrépidité, /., fearlessness intrigant, -e, w.,/., intriguing person intrigue, /., plot (s*) introduire, get in, find one's way

in intrus, -e, m., /., intruder inutile, useless inutilement, uselessly inutilité, /., uselessness invalide, m., invaUd invinciblem.e;tL\.^ m^m'cisî^ inviter, mVit^

invoquer, invoke

invraisemblable, unlikely

ionien, -ne, lonian

irisé, -e, iridescent

ironie, /., irony

irradier, irradiate; s' — , radiate

irraisonné, -e, unreasoning, absolute

irréductible, irreducible

irréi>arablement, irreparably, irre-

trievably irresponsabilité, /., irresponsibiKty irrévocablement, irrevocably irriter, irritate, vex, provoke isolé, -e, isolated, lonely, apart isoler, isolate issu, -e, sprung, bom issue, /., issue, outlet, end Italie, /., Italy ivrogne, m., drunkard

jadis, formerly

jaillir, spring eut; faire — , cause to gush eut, corne forth

jaillissant, -e, gushing

jaillissement, m.y gushing

jalou-x, -se, jealous

jamais, ever; ne — , ne ver; à — , f crever

jambe, /., leg; — de bois, wooden leg

jambon, m., ham

janvier, m., January

japonais, -e, Japanese

japonisant, m., one who lilces or cultivâtes Japanese art

jappement, m.y yelping

jardin, m., garden

jarre, /., jar

jarret, m., calf of the leg

jauger, gauge

jaime, yellow

jaunisse, /., jaundice

jésuitique^ of the Jesuits

jet, ?n., jet, gush, ray; — d*eau, fountain

jeter, throw, hurl; se — , throw one-

self jeu, m.f game, set; avoir beau — y hâve full scope

jeune, young

jeunesse, /., youth

joie, /., joy ; faire la — de, be the joy of; faire sa — de, enjoy, take pleasure in

joindre, join

joint, -e, p. p. of joindre, joined; à mains jointes, with clasped hands

joint, m., joint

joncher, strew

jonquille, /., jonquil

joue, /., cheek

jouer, play, play at, act, trifle, gamble; se — (de), play (with)

jouet, m., plaything

jouir (de or à), enjoy

jouissance, /., pleasure

jouisseur, m., epicure

jour, m., day; à certains — s, on certain days; au — le — , day by day, day in, day eut; au petit —, at peep of day; se faire — , come to light, Durst out or forth, force or eut one's way

journal, m., newspaper

journaliste, m., joumalist

journée, /., day

jouvence, /., youth

joyau, m.f gem, jewel

joyeusement, j oyously , merrily

joyeu-x, -se, joyous, joyful

jucher, roast, perch

juge, w., judge

jugement, m. y judgment

juger, judge; se — , consider oneself, judge oneself

jui-f, -ve, m., /., Jew

juillet, m., July

jume-au, -lie, m., /., twin (boy or girl)

jupon, m., petticoat

jurer, swear

juron, m., oath

jusque, tÛl, to, up to, until, as far as, even; jusqu'alors, up to then or that time; jusqu'ici, up to now or the présent, up to hère; jusque-là, up to that point

juste, adj., just, right. accurate, true; adv., just, precisely

justement, justly, exactly

justice, /., justice; ren<ure — à, do

VOCABULARY

justifier, justify; se — ^ justify oneself, be justined

là, there; de — , hence, after that

labeur, m., labor

laborieusement, laborioiisly

laborieu-x, -se, laborious

labourer, plow

laboureur, m., plowinan,husbandman

labyrinthe, m., Iab3rrintn

lac, m., lake

lacet, m., winding (road)

lâche, cowardly; snbst, m., coward

lâcher, loosen, release, let eut, turn

loosey unloose laid, -e, plain, ugly laisser, leave; se — faire, let oneself

be; je me laisse faire, I let them

bave their way (with me) lait, m., milk lame, /., blade, sword, wave; en — ,

like a blade lamentable, lamentable, doleful,

moumful (se) lamenter, lament, moum lampadaire, m., candelabrum lampe, /.^ lamp lancer, flmg, tnrow, start, dart, drive,

launch, issue landier, m., andiron langage, m., langûage langue, /., langûage, speech lanière, /., thong lapin, m., rabbit lapsus, m., slip larcin, m., theft large, large, wide; être au —, be in

the offing, be at one's ease largeur, /., breadth, width larme, /., tear larve, /., larva las, -se, tired lassé, -e, wearied lasser, tire out, weary; se — , tire,

weary oneself lavandière, /., washerwoman laveu-r, -se, wi.,/^ washer, scourer lazzi, m.j jest, bimoonery lécher, hck

leçon, /., lesson

lecteur, m., reader

légendaire, legendary

légende, /., legend

lég-er, -ère, light, slight, easy, trifling

légion,/!, légion; la — Etrangère, the

Foreign Légion législateur, m., legislator légitime, legitimate legs, m., legacy léguer, will

lendemain, m., the next day lent, -e, slow lentement, slowly léonin, -e, t3a'annical, léonine lessive, /., wash, soîled linen leste, brisk, nimble; avoir la main — ,

be light of hand lettre,/., letter; les — s, literature leur, to them, their, them leurrer, lure, allure, ensnare levant, m., Éast, rising sun (se) lever, rise^ get up lever, m., gettmg up, rising, time to

getup lèvre, /., lip lévrier, m., greyhound lexique, m., lexicon lézardé, -e, full of cracks, cracked liaison,/., connection liane, /., branch libérat-eur, -rice, m., /., deliverer,

liberator; adj., freeing, emancipat-

ing libération,/., deliverance, discharge liberté, /., liberty libre, free librement, freely liège, m., cork, cork-tree lien, m., bond, tie lier, bind lierre, m., ivy lieu, m., place; — de plaisir, place of

amusement; au — de, instead of lieue, /., league (about 2 J^ mUes) ligne, /., line

lignée,/., progeny, offspring, issue ligneu-x, -se, ligneous, woody lignite, m., li^te limite, /., limit, boimdary, limits (se) limiter, be limited limpide ) linr^vd, ^V*^^'^

limpidité, /., limpidity, cleamess

linge, m, y linen

lingot, m., ingot

liquide, liquid

lire, read

lis, m., lily

lit, m., bed

littéraire, literary

littérature, /., literature