corvées, gratuitous labor exacted by the lord

Page 26. — line 17. Berry, name of an ancient province, near the centre of France.

Page 27. — line 16. Saladin, sultan of Egypt, a brave and chivalric prince.

1. 26. Bertrand de Born, a celebrated poet and warrior of the I2th century. He vvas a troubadour, that is to say, wrote in the language of the south of France, la langue d'oc. The trouvères wrote in the language of the north, la langue d'oïl, of which French is one of the dialects.

1. 31. Frédéric Barberousse. The greatest German emperor of the Middle Ages. (1121-1190.)

Page 29. — lines 16, 17. cour des pairs. Philip Augustus fîxed the number of peers at twelve : six secular : the dukes of Normandy, of Burgundy, of Guyenne, the counts of Flanders, of Toulouse, of Champagne; six ecclesiastical : the àrchbishop of Reims, the bishops of Laon, Langres, Beauvais, Châlons, and Noyon.

Page 30. — line 17. Albigeois, from the town of Alby, name given to the heretics of the south of France.

Page 31. — line 7. le provençal, the principal dialect of la langue d'oc, revived as a literary language principally by Frédéric Mistral, the author of " Mireille."

1. 28. Thibaut de Champagne, a charming poet of the i3th' century. He became King of Navarre.

Page 32. — line 25. Joinville. His "Life of Saint Louis" is a delightful and trustworthy narrative.