MEASURES TO MAINTAIN PUBLIC ORDER

and in every way unexceptionable resolutions. That would be a title to merited praise even in a king of England, descended in a long line from constitutional princes, because they bave drunk in and been penetrated with the teaching which is derived from constant observance of the traditions of Parliament. But it excites marvel in a king like Victor Emmanuel, the first of his race to exercise the prérogative, lofty but at the same time most délicate, of a constitutional sovereign. It is an example unique in history.

General Cialdini failing to construct a ministry, General Menabrea hastily collected together a few devoted adhérents of the throne, who, like the king, were ready to sacrifice their popularity to save the country from imminent danger. Strong measures were taken to maintain public order. The royal troops were ' ordered to guard the papal frontier, hoping to check the Garibaldian movement and induce the volunteers to unité themselves with the reg^lar army.

Royal Proclamatio7U

Italians ! — Bands of volunteers, excited and seduced by the work of a faction, without authority from me or my government, hâve violated the frontier of the State. The respect due equally by ail citizens to the laws and international conditions sanctioned by the Parliament and by me, establishes in these grave circumstances an inexorable obligation of

honour. Europe knows that the banner raised in the neighbouring lands, on which was written the destruction of the suprême spiritual authority of the Head of the Catholic religion, is not mine. This attempt places the common country in grave péril, and imposes on me the imperious duty of saving the honour of the nation, by not allowing to be confounded in one, two causes absolutely distinct — two objects totally diverse.

Italy must be secured against the dangers that may corne. Europe must be convinced that Italy, faithful to her engagements, does not wish to be, and will not be, a disturber of the public order. War with our allies would be a fratricidal war between two armies which hâve fought for the same cause.

I am the depository of the right of declaring peace or war for the nation, and I cannot tolerate the usurpation of it I trust therefore that the voice of reason will be listened to, and that the Italian citizens who are violating that right will quickly place themselves in the ranks of our troops. The périls and the disorders which this ill-advised project may create among us ought to be forsworn by them, who should maintain firmly the authority of the government and the inviolability of the laws.

The honour of the country is in my hands, and the confidence that the nation had in me in her days of mourning shall not be disappointed. When the excitement has calmed down and public order is fully re-established, then my government, in agreement