III
— INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS: (a) and (b)
(a) Referring to perso ns:
(b) Referring to things in a
gênerai way:
to
Nom.
qui
qui est-ce qui
qu'est-ce qui
Gen.
de qui
de qui est-ce que
de quoi
de quoi est-ce que
Dat.
à qui
à qui est-ce que
à quoi
à quoi est-ce que
Acc.
qui
qui est-ce que
que
qu'est-ce que
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN: (c) singles out individual
persons, animais, or things
Masculine
Féminine
co
lequel duquel auquel lequel
lequel est-ce qui duquel est-ce que auquel est-ce que ! lequel est-ce que
laquelle de laquelle à laquelle laquelle
laquelle est-ce qui de laquelle est-ce que à laquelle est-ce que laquelle est-ce que
lesquels desquels auxquels lesquels
lesquels est-ce qui desquels est -ce que auxquels est-ce que lesquels est-ce que
lesquelles desquelles auxquelles lesquelles
lesquelles est-ce qui j desquelles est-ce que auxquelles est-ce que
lesquelles est-ce que
(10) The above Interrogative Pronouns (a), (b) and (c) are given in their shorter (1) and longer (2) form.
The longer form (2) is used with any verbs, except être; it is the popular form in colloquial speech, because it does not require any reversing of verb and subject, nor any other changes in the sentences.
(11) Interrogative Pronouns (a) and (6) are both, masculine and féminine, singular and plural; they are invariable.
Interrogative Pronoun (c), being a combination of the Definite Article and Interrogative Adjective (see p. 317 No. 94, and p. 317 No. 98), is différent in the two genders and in the Sing. and Plur. respectively.
(12) Consult General Vocabulary (pp. 339-376) as to the pronunciation of the Interrogative Pronouns.
(13) Particulars and illustrations are given on pp. 330-332.
REFERENCE GRAMMAR
105. IV— RELATIVE PRONOUNS: (1) shorter form; (2) longer form;
(1) both, masc.
and fem.; sing.
and plur.
(2) Singular Plural masc. fem. masc. fem.
Nom.
Gen.
Dat.
Acc.
qui
de qui, or dont à qui
que
lequel duquel auquel lequel
laquelle de laquelle à laquelle laquelle
lesquels desquels auxquels lesquels
lesquelles desquelles auxquelles lesquelles
(14) The shorter form (1) of the above pronouns is more generally used.
(15) The Dative à qui applies to persons only.
(16) Referring to things, in the Dative, requires the corresponding longer form: auquel, à laquelle, auxquels, auxquelles; this applies also to animais.
(17) After prépositions use lequel, laquelle, lesquels, or lesquelles, according to gender and number of what is referred to.
(18) The so-called ABSOLUTE "WHAT" is used in such cases as illustrated on p. 296, No. 20-22 (Introductory Remarks) .
(19) ce dont is sometimes replaced by its équivalent ce de quoi, or de quoi.
(20) Prépositions, used before Absolute What, take the place of à in ce à quoi (Dative).
