Régime fiscal, the revenue System

36. Salle des menus, the hall in which the States-General assembled, was erected in 1787, by the architect Paris for the

meeting of the Notables. It took its name from the adjoining buildings, the bâtiments des menus-plaisirs devoted to the smaller fleasures of the king : jeu de paume^ raquette, concerts, plays, etc. Thèse buildings serve now for barracks ; the salle des menus vvas sold in 1799 and destroyed ; it is proposed to erect a monument on its site.

37. Tapis de la Savonnerie, a carpet manufactory, was made a royal establishment as early as 1604, by Marie de Médicis. The workshops, originally placed in the Louvre, v/ere transferred, in 161 5, to a soap manufactory, at Chaillot, in Paris, and the establishment was thence called La Savonnerie. In 1826 it was annexed to the Gobelin's tapestry manufactory in the Rue Mouffetard.

38. Bailliages, bailiwicks, the district under the jurisdiction of a bailifï.

39. Ministres de robe — ministres d'épée, the civil and military oflicers of the crown.

40. Mirabeau, 1 747-1 79I, the greatest orator of the Révolution. He endeavored to reconcile the Révolution and the Monarchy and establish the reign of constitutional government.

^1, Et dont le bouton était le Pitî. The Régent or Pitt diamond was bought in 1702 by Mr. Pitt, Governor of Madras, forabout $100,000, and sold by him, after recutting in 171 7, to the régent Duke of Orléans for Louis XV. for $650,000.

42. Voterait par ordre ou par tête, i. e., whether they should vote numerically and together, or by separate orders. If the orders voted separately upon a proposition, the nobles and clergy who numbered five hundred and sixty-one might outvote the tiers état, which had five hundred and eighty-four représentatives.

43. Bailly. An eminent French astronomer, philosopher, and éloquent writer, was boni in 1736. He published in

1775 the first volume of his great work, "The History of Astronomy, Ancient and Modem." Elected to the States-General in 1789 he became the first président of that assembly ; was elected Mayor of Paris in Juîy, 1789, and retained that office until 1791. Arrested by the Jacobins, he was guillotined in 1793. He left memoirs of the Révolution.

44. 6" excusait sur ses ordres, excused himself (for not admitting them) on account of his orders.

45. Marly, a favorite resort of Louis XIV., a few miles from Versailles, where he constructed between 1677-1684 a beautiful château, with fountains on which enormous sums of money were spent.

46. Jeu de paume, tennis court built for the king, Louis XIV., in 1686. It is in the town of Versailles, S. W. of the château, and has recently been transformed into a muséum of the Révolution. It contains a statue of Bailly reading the oath, and upon one of the walls is the inscription : " Dans ce jeu de paume, le 20 Juin, 1789, les députés du peuple repoussés du lieu ordinaire de leurs séances, jurèrent de ne point se séparer qu'ils n'eussent donné une constitution à la France. Ils ont tenu parole."

47. Les grands communs, an enormous square building in front of the south wing of the palace of Versailles, constructed by Mansart, 1682-85. It contained no less than 1000 apartments and 1500 inhabitants. On the first floor were the kitchens for the king and those whose food was supplied by the court.

48. Barnave (1761-1793) is after Mirabeau, the most brilliant orator of the " Constituante." After the flight of the king he was appointed one of the commissioners to brmg back Louis XVI. to Paris. Dissatisfied with the march of the Révolution, he became one of the warmest supporters of the crown, but was unsuccessful in saving the king. He died on the scafEold in 1793.

49. Sieyes, a politician, publicist, and priest, bom in 1748. Sent to the States-General in 1789, he was one of the most radical leaders of the " Constituante." A member of the Convention he voted for the death of the king, but in other things, pursued a cautions and silent course. Elected to the Council of Five Hundred in 1795, he became a member of the Directory and one of the three Consuls. He died in 1836.

50. Champ de Mars. In Rome a plain along the Tiber was called the Campus Martius, and used for military exercises and popular assemblies ; in France the same name is applied to a field for military manœuvres. The Champ de Mars, in Paris, is a large open space on the S. side of the Seine, in front of the École militaire. It witnessed the Fête de la Fédération, I4th July, 1790, the Chainp de Aîai, under Napoléon, ist June, 1815, and was the site of the ^^Expositions Universelles'* of 1867 and 1878.

51. Bleu de Cincinnatus, couleur de la liberté d' Amérique. Référence is hère made to the order of Cincinnati (named f rom the famous Roman patriot), a society founded in the United States in 1783, by the officers of the Révolution. The badge of the society is a bald eagle, suspended by a dark-blue ribbon with white borders, a symbol of the union of the United States with France. The privilège of membership was extended to a number of French officers.

52. De Broglie (Victor, duc) was bom in 1718. He served with distinction in the Seven Years' War ; was created Marshal of France in 1759. He became Minister of War in 1789, andemigrated about 1790. Died at Munster in 1804.

53» Hordes étrangères dont nous som?7ies investis, the king was induced by the queen and others to attempt to maintain his authority by force. An army under the orders of Marshal Broglie was concentrated upon Paris and its vicinity. Among thèse troops were several régiments of Swiss and Germans.