épilogue, m., épilogue, époque, /., epoch, time
épouse, /., spouse, wife.
épuisé, -e (p. p. of épuiser), exhausted.
équipe,/., gang.
es, près. ind. of être, escorter, to accompany.
escouade,/., squad.
espace, m., space, air.
espacer (s’), to scatter about, espagnol, -e, Spanish.
espèce,/., kind, sort, espérance, /., hope.
espérer, to hope.
esprit, m., spirit, mind, wit.
essayer, to try.
est, près. ind. of être, est, m., east.
et, and.
établir (s’), to be established, take place.
été (p. p. of être), been.
éteindre (éteignant, éteint, éteins, éteignis), to extinguish, put out.
éteint, -e (p. p. of éteindre), extinguished.
étendre (s’), to extend, spread.
êtes, près. ind. of être, étinceler, to sparkle, flash, étonné, -e (p. p. of étonner), astonished.
étouffer, to stifle.
étrange, strange.
étrang-er, -ère, foreign.
étranglé, -e (p. p. of étrangler), strangled.
être (étant, été, suis, fus; fut. serai; près. subj.
sois), to be, hâve, être, m., being.
étudier, to study.
eu, -e (p. p. of avoir), had.
eurent, eut, p. def.; eût, imperf. subj. of avoir, eux, they, them.
évacuer, to evacuate, leave.
éveiller (s’), to awake.
événement, m.y event.
éventré, -e (p. p. of éventrer), ripped up.
évidemment, of course, évolution, /., évolution, motion.
évoquer, to recall.
exagérer, to exaggerate.
examiner, to examine, exaspérer, to exasperate, anger.
excellent, -e, excellent, delicious, fine.
excès, m,., excess; à 1* — , excessively.
excuser, to excuse, exécuter, to execute, carry out.
exemple, m., example; par — , for instance; indeed; upon my word!
exercice, m., exercise, drill.
exil, m., exile, exilé, m., exile, existence,/., existence, life.
exister, to exist.
expédition,/., expédition, expliquer, to explain.
expression,/., expression, exquis, -e, exquisite, delicious.
la face, face; en — , opposite; regarder bien en — , to look squarely in the eye.
fâcher (se), to get angry.
facile, easy, la façon, fashion, way.
la faim, hunger; avoir — , to be hungry.
faire (faisant, fait, fais, fis ;fut.
ferai; près. subj. fasse), to do, make, hâve, cause; be (weather); — aboutir, to bring to a successful end; — le bonheur de, to make happy; — une commission or une course, to run an errand; — connaissance avec, to become acquainted with; — la
cuisine, to cook; - sa
photo, to hâve one’s photograph taken; — réchauffer, to warm up; il fait beau, the weather is fine; il fait bon, it is comfortable; il ne fera pas bon, it will not be safe; il fait froid, it is cold; il fait sec, it is dry; se — , to be done, to be made, take place; se — entendre, to be heard; se — tuer, to get killed.
faisant, près, part.; fais, fait, faites, près, ind.; fait, -e (p. p. of faire), made.
falloir ( — , fallu, faut, fallut; fut., faudra), to be necessary, must, ought.
la famille, family.
la fanfare, brass band, flourish of trumpets.
la fanfaronnade, bragging.
le fantassin, infantryman.
VOCABULAIRE
fasciné, -e (p. p. of fasciner),
fascinated.
la fatigue, fatigue, hardship. fatigué, -e (p. p. of fatiguer), tired.
faudrait, cond.; faut, près, ind. of falloir, la faveur, favor.
féliciter, to congratulate.
la femme, woman, wife.
la femmelette, silly, weak woman; effeminate man.
la fenêtre, window.
le fer, iron, grapeshot; chemin de — , railroad; fil de — , barbed wire.
fera, fut. of faire, la ferme, farm, farmhouse.
fermer, to shut, close, la ferraille, old iron, scrap iron.
la fête, feast, holiday, fun.
le feu, fire, firing; coin du — , fireside; gerbes de — , showers of sparks.
la feuille, leaf.
figurer (se), to imagine, le fil, thread; — de fer, barbed wire.
la file, file.
la fille, girl, daughter.
fin, -e, fine, of first quality.
finir, to finish, to end.
la fiole, vial.
firent, fis, p. def. of faire, le fiston, boy, lad, “sonny.”
fit, p. def.; fît, imperf. subj.
of faire.
fixer, to fix, fasten, appoint; se — , to be fixed.
la flanelle, flannel.
le flocon, flake, little white puff.
le flot, wave; à — s, freely.
flotter, to float, wave, le foie, liver; — gras, goose liver.
la fois, time; chaque — que,
whenever.
font, près. ind. of faire, la force, force, strength.
la forme, form, chapeau haut de — , top hat, silk hat.
formel, -le, plain, final, former, to form; se — , to be formed.
formidable, very loud.
fort, -e, strong, loud.
fort, adv., very, much, very much.
le fort, fort, la foule, crowd.
fournir, to give.
la fourragère, honor cord (see v-ote ) .
le foyer, hearth, home, le fracas, crash.
fracassé, -e (p. p. of fracasser), shattered.
le franc, franc.
franc, franche, frank, real, français, -e, French.
le Français, Frenchman.
la Française, Frenchwoman.
la France, France.
franchir, to cross, walk.
François, Francis, le franc-tireur, sniper ( see note).
frapper, to strike, knock, pat.
fréquemment, frequently.
le frère, brother.
froid, -e, cold.
le front, front, forehead.
frotter, to rub; se — les yeux, to rub one’s eyes.
fuir (fuyant, fui, fuis, fuis), to flee.
la fuite, flight.
la fumée, smoke.
fumer, to smoke.
furieu-x, -se, furious, mad.
la fusée, rocket; — éclairante, tiare.
le fusil, gun.
la fusillade, fusilade, firing.
fut, p. def. of être, futur, -e, future, fuyait, imperf. ind.; fuyant, près. part, of fuir.
gagner, to gain, earn, win, reach.
le gaillard, (jovial) fellow.
le galcjn, stripe, chevron, la gamelle, dish, mess tin.
le gamin, boÿ, urchin.
le garçon, boy.
la garde, guard; de — , on duty.
garder, to keep.
le gardien, guardian, keeper.
la gare, railroad station, le gars, fellow.
gauche, left.
la gauche, left, left side.
la gelée, jelly.
le gémissement, groan, moan.
le général, general, le genou, knee.
les gens, m., people.
la gerbe, sheaf; — s de feu, showers of sparks.
gérer, to manage, keep.
gigantesque, gigantic.
la gloire, glory, honor, pride.
la gorgée, sip.
le gosse, little fellow, urchin; mon — , “sonny.” goûter, to taste.
la grâce, grâce; — à, thanks to.
graisser, to grease, oil.
grand, -e, great, tall, high, large.
grandir, to grow, grow up.
la grange, barn.
gras, -se, fat; foie — , goose liver.
gravement, gravely, solemnly.
graver, to engrave.
la grenade, grenade, le griffon, water spaniel.
la grimace, grimace, wry face.
VOCABULAIRE
grogner, to growl, grumble.
le grondement, roaring, growling.
gronder, to growl.
gros, -se, big, large, heavy (artillery).
le groupe, group.
guérir, to cure, la guerre, war.
guider, to guide.
Guillaume, William ( see note).
(Ail words in which h was formerly aspirated are marked
habit, m., dress coat.
habitant, m., inhabitant, habitude, /., habit, habitué, -e (p. p. of habituer), accustomed.
haleine, /., breath.
f halte, /., hait, f harnais, m., harness. f hasard, m., hazard, chance, f hâtivement, hastily.
f haut, -e, high, tall; chapeau — de forme, top hat, silk hat.
f hauteur, /., height, hill.
hébété, -e (p. p. of hébéter), astounded.
hein, what! don’t y ou think
so?
hélas, alas!
héroïque, heroic.
héroïçpuement, heroically.
f héros, m ., hero.
hésitation,/., hésitation, hésiter, to hesitate.
heure, /., hour, o’clock, time.
heureu-x, -se, happy.
hier, yesterday.
histoire,/., history, story.
f hocher, to shake.
hommage, m., homage.
homme, m., man.
honneur, m., honor.
honorer, to honor.
hôpital, m., hospital, f horde, /., horde.
horizon, m., horizon, f hors de, out of.
hospitalité,/., hospitality.
f huit, eight.
humain, -e, human.
humide, moist, misty, wet.
t hurler, to howl, roar.
f hutte, /., hut.
ici, here.
idée, /., idea.
identité, /., identification, ignorer, to be ignorant of; ne pas — , to be aware of, know.
il, he, it, there; pl., they.
illuminer, to illuminate, light up.
immédiatement, immedi-
ately.
immense, immense, enormous, very large, impassible, impassible, unmoved.
important, -e, important, imposant, -e, impressive, stately.
impossible, impossible, impression, /., impression, impressionner, to affect, inacti-f, -ve, inactive, idle.
incapable, unable.
incendié, -e ( p . p. of incendier), burnt; on tire, incendier, to burn. incessant, -e, continuons, incliner, to bow.
inconnu, -e, unknown.
indéfinissable, indefinable.
indicatif, m., indicative, indien, -ne, Indian.
indispensable, necessary.
Indo-Chine, /., Indo-China (see note).
indomptable, indomitable.
infanterie, /., infantry.
infirmerie,/., sick ward.
infirmière,/., hospital nurse; — en chef, head nurse, matron.
informer, to inform.
ingénieur, m., engineer.
initiative, /., initiative, injure, /., insult.
inqui-et, -ète, anxious, un-
easy.
inquiéter (s’), to worry, make anxious inquiries.
insister, to insist.
inspecter, to inspect, survey.
installer, to place; s’ — , to settle.
instant, m., instant, moment, instinct, m., instinct, instruire (s’), to educate
one’s self.
intelligence, /., intelligence, intelligent, -e, intelligent, bright.
intense, intense, thick. intensité, /., intensity, violence.
intention, /., intention, interdire (interdisant, interdit, interdis, interdis),
to forbid.
interdit, -e (p. p. of interdire), forbidden.
intéressant, -e, interesting.
intéresser (s’), to take an interest (in), to become interested (in), intérieur, m., inside, inland.
intermédiaire, m.; par 1’ — de, through the medium of.
interminable, endless.
interroger, to question.
VOCABULAIRE
interrompre, to interrupt.
intervalle, m., interval.
intervenir (intervenant, intervenu, interviens, intervins), to intervene.
intervient, près. ind. of intervenir.
intimider, to intimidate, frighten.
inutile, useless.
invalide, m., invalid, infirm.
invasion, /., invasion, inverse, inverse, other.
invité, m., guest. inviter, to invite, iode,/., iodine.
iront, fut. of aller, isolé, -e, isolated, detached.
jalou-x, -se, jealous.
jamais, ever, never; ne . . .
— , never.
la jambe, leg.
le jambon, ham.
je, I.
Jean, John.
Jérôme, Jerome, jeter, to throw; se — , to throw one’s self, le jeu, play; compagnon de — , playmate.
jeune, young.
les jeunes, m. pl., young men.
Joffre: see note.
la joie, joy.
jouer, to play, jouir de, to en joy.
le jour, day; tous les — s, every day; ses — , his life.
le journal, newspaper.
la journée, day.
jovial, -e, jovial, merry.
la jovialité, mirth.
joyeu-x, -se, joyful, merry.
juillet, m., July.
jusqu’à, as far as, to, up to, till, until; — ce que, till.
juste, just, right. la justice, justice.
le kaki, khaki.
le kilomètre, kilometer (about 1093 yards).
1» = le or la.
la, art., the; pron., her, it.
là, there; — dessous, under this; — -dessus, upon
that.
le labeur, labor.
le labyrinthe, maze.
lâcher, to let go, to drop, laisser, to leave, to let.
le lambeau, rag, tatter.
la lampe, lamp.
la lance, lance, spear.
lancer, to give, to shout.
Lancret, Lancret; le père — , old Lancret.
la lanterne, lantern.
large, broad, wide, big.
la larme, tear.
le lavabo, washstand.
laver (se), to wash one’s self.
le, art., the; pron., him, it.
lécher, to lick.
la leçon, lesson.
la lecture, reading.
le légionnaire, legionary.
le lendemain, next day, day after; — matin, next morning.
lent, -e, slow, lentement, slowly.
lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles, who, whom, that, which.
les, art., the; pron., them.
lesquels, m. pl. of lequel, la lettre, letter.
leur, adj., their; pron., to them.
la liaison, liaison, connection.
libre, free, open.
le lieutenant, lieutenant, la ligne, line, rank.
Lille: see note.
le linge, linen.
le lion, lion, liquide, liquid.
lire, (lisant, lu, lis, lus),
to read; se — , to be read.
lis, près. ind. and irnpv. of lire, le lit, bed.
la localité, locality, township,
place.
le logement, lodgings, quarters.
loger, to lodge, live.
loin, far; — • de, far from; au
— , far away.
lointain, -e, remote, far distant.
l’on = on, one, we, you, they, people.
la Loire : see note.
long, -ue, long, le long, length; — de, along.
longtemps, long, a long time.
longuement, lengthily, at length.
la lorgnette, field glass.
lorsque, when.
louable, praiseworthy.
louer, to rent.
lourd, -e, heavy.
lu, -e ( p . p. of lire), read.
la lueur, glimmer, dim light.
lugubre, mournful.
lui, he, him, to him, her, to lier, it, to it; — -même, himself.
la lumière, light.
la lune, moon.
le luxe, luxury; pain de — ,
fancy bread.
VOCABULAIRE
m’ = me.
ma, my.
Madagascar: see note.
madame,/., madam, Mrs.
Madeleine, Magdalen.
le magasin, storehcuse, store, magnifique, magnificent, splendid.
mai, m., May.
maigre, meager, thin.
la main, hand.
maintenant, now.
mais, but, why!
la maison, house.
le maître, master, le major, military surgeon, malade, ill, sick.
malgré, in spite of.
le malheur, misfortune, disaster.
malheureusement, unfortunately, unhappily.
malheureu-x, -se, unfortunate, unlucky, unhappy, wretched.
le malheureux, wretched being.
la maman, mother.
la manche, sleeve.
manger, to eat.
la manière, manner, way.
la manifestation, manifestation, sign.
la manœuvre, manœuver, drill.
manœuvrer, to drill.
le manque, lack, want.
manquer, to be missing, fail, be without.
le manteau, cloak.
le marais, marsh; chasse au — , moor-shooting.
la marche, march, journey, hike, speed ; en — , on the march; se mettre en — , to start; de — , marching.
le marché, market, bargain; par-dessus le — , into
the bargain.
marcher, to march, to walk.
la mare, pool, pond.
Marguerite, Margaret, la marmite, pot, kettle.
la Marne: see note.
le Maroc: see note.
marquer, to mark, note, notice.
la marraine, godmother.
la Marseillaise, Marseillaise (see note).
Marthe, Martha.
le masque, mask.
la masse, mass, le matelas, mattress.
les matériaux, m. yl.y material.
le matin, morning.
matricule, matriculation.
mauvais, -e, bad, wretched.
me, me, to me.
la médaille, medal.
médical, medical.
mêler (se), to mingle, be mingled.
le membre, member.
même, adj., same.
même, adv., even; tout de — , ail the same.
menaçant, -e, threatening.
mener, to lead, take.
la mère, mother.
mes, my.
m e s d e mo i se 1 le s, /. pl.,
Misses.
la messe, mass.
les messieurs, m. pl., gentlemen.
mesurer, to measure.
le métier, trade; de son — , by profession, le mètre, meter.
mettre (mettant, mis, mets, mis), to put; — en danger, to endanger; se — à ( + inf.), to begin to; se — en marche or en route, to start.
le meuble, piece of furniture.
la meule, stack.
midi, m., noon; south. mieux, better, best; du — qu’il pouvait, the best he could.
le milieu, middle, midst; au — de, in the midst of, in the middle of.
militaire, adj., military.
le militaire, soldier.
mille, thousand.
le millier, thousand.
minuit, m., midnight.
la minute, minute.
minutieusement, carefully.
mis, -e (p. p. of mettre), put.
misérablement, wretchedly, wickedly.
la misère, misery, distress.
la mission, mission.
mit, p. def. of mettre, la mitraille, grapeshot.
le mitrailleur, machine gunner.
la mitrailleuse, machine gun.
la mobilisation, mobilization.
moi, I, me, to me.
moindre, least.
moins, less.
le mois, month.
la moisson, harvest.
la molletière, legging.
le moment, moment; au — où, just as.
mon, ma, mes, my. le monde, world; au — , in the world; tout le — , everybody.
la monnaie, change, le monologue, soliloquy.
monotone, monotonous.
monsieur, sir, Mr., gentleman.
le monstre, monster.
monter, to ascend, go up, corne up.
VOCABULAIRE
Montmartre : see note.
montrer, to show; se — , to show one’s self, appear.
le monument, monument, moquer de (se), to make fun of, laugh, defy.
moral, -e, moral, le moral, morale, spirits; remonter le — à, to cheer up.
le morceau, piece.
mort, — e (p. p. of mourir), died, dead.
le mort, dead man.
le mot, word.
la motte, clod.
mourir (mourant, mort, meurs, mourus), to die.
la moustache, mustache.
moustachu, -e, whiskered.
le mouvement, movement, move, motion; en — , moving.
le moyen, means, way.
muet, -te, mute, les munitions, /. pl., ammunition.
le mur, wall.
murmurer, to mutter, grumble.
la musette, haversack, bag.
la musique, music, band, musicians.
n’ = ne.
nach ( German ), to.
ne, no, not; — ... jamais, never; — ... pas, not; — ... plus, no more, no longer; — ... que, only.
nécessaire, necessary.
net, -te, clear, sharp.
nettoyer, to clean, clear.
le nez, nose.
ni, neither, nor.
la niche, kennel.
Nicolas, Nicholas.
nier, to deny.
noble, noble, la Noël, Christmas.
Noémie, Naomi.
le nœud, knot.
noir, -e, black, dark.
Noiraud, Blacky.
noircir, to blacken.
le nom, name.
le nombre, number.
nombreu-x, -se, numerous.
nommer, to name, appoint, non, no, not; — pas, no; — plus, neither.
le nord, north.
le Normand, Norman (inhabitant of Normandy.) notre, nos, our.
la nourriture, food.
nous, we, us, to us, each other.
nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle,
new, other; de — , anew, again.
le nouveau, recruit.
la nouvelle, news; avoir de ses — s, to hear from him or her.
nouvellement, newly.
le nuage, cloud.
la nuit, night; à la — , at nightfall.
le numéro, number.
la nuque, nape (of the neck).
obéir, to obey.
obliger, to oblige, obscur, -e, obscure, dark.
obscurité, /., darkness.
obséder, to haunt, beset.
observer, to watch.
obtenir (obtenant, obtenu, obtiens, obtins), to obtain, get.
obtinrent, p. def. of obtenir.
obus, m., shell.
occasion, /., occasion, opportunity.
occuper, to occupy, take up; s’ — , to occupy one’s self, to trouble one’s self about, to be busy.
octogénaire, octogenarian.
œil ( pl . yeux), eye; de tous ses yeux, with one’s eyes wide open.
offensive,/., offensive.
offert, -e (p. p. of offrir),
offered.
officiellement, ofïicially.
officier, m,., officer.
offrir (offrant, offert, offre, offris), to offer.
ombrager, to shade.
ombre, /., shade, darkness.
on or l’on, one, they, we, people.
ont, près. ind. of avoir, onze, eleven.
or, m., gold.
or, conj., now.
orage, m., thunderstorm.
ordonner, to order, command.
ordre, m., order.
oreille,/., ear.
organiser, to organize, préparé.
orifice, m., opening.
orner, to adorn.
orphelin, m., orphan.
orthographe,/., spelling.
os, m., bone.
ou, or.
où, where, when, in which;
au moment — , just as.
oublier, to forget.
oui, yes.
outil, m., tool.
outre (en), besides.
ouvert, -e ( p . p. of ouvrir), opened.
VOCABULAIRE
ouvrage, m., work; ‘Ouvrages blancs,’ ‘ Chalk Pits.’
ouvrir (ouvrant, ouvert, ouvre, ouvris), to open.
la page, page, la paille, straw.
le pain, bread, loaf of bread.
la paire, pair.
oâlir, to grow pale, become light.
le pansement, dressing (of wounds).
le papa, father, dad.
le pape, Pope.
le paquet, bundle, package, parcel.
par, by, through, per, out of; — jour, a day; — contre, on the other hand.
le parapet, parapet wall, breastwork.
parcourir (parcourant, parcouru, parcours, parcourus), to go over, scour.
par-dessus, over, above, into.
pareil, -le, like, such, same.
le parent, relative; pl., parents, relatives.
parfait, -e, perfect.
parfaitement, perfectly.
parfois, sometimes.
Paris, Paris.
parler, to speak, talk.
parmi, among.
la parole, word, speech; tenir — , to keep one’s word.
le parquet, floor.
pars, part, près. ind. of partir.
participer, to participate, take part.
la partie, part, game.
partir (partant, parti, pars, partis), to départ, leave, go away, set out.
partout, everywhere.
parvenir (parvenant, parvenu, parviens, parvins), to succeed (in), parviennent, près. ind. of parvenir.
le pas, pace, step; à petits — , with short steps, slowly.
pas, adv., no, not; ne . . • — , no, not; non — , not.
le passage, passage, passing.
passer, to pass, pass by, spend, put on, slip; se — , to pass, happen, go on, take place, le pâté, pie, pasty.
patiemment, patiently.
le patron, master of the house.
la patrouille, patrol. le patrouilleur, scout, member of a patrol.
la patte, paw.
la pause, pause, rest.
pauvre, poor.
payer, to pay, pay for, buy.
le pays, country, country district.
le paysan, peasant.
les Peaux-Rouges, m. pl., Red Skins, American Indians.
la peine, pain, difficulty, grief, sorrow; à — , hardly; à — . . . que, no sooner . . .
than, scarcely . . . when.
pendant, during; — que, while.
pénétré, -e (p. p. of pénétrer), penetrated, impressed.
pénétrer, to enter, visit.
la pensée, thought.
penser, to think.
pensi-f, -ve, thoughtful.
percer, to pierce, go through.
percevoir (percevant, perçu, perçois, perçus), to perceive, hear.
perçoit, près. ind. of percevoir; perçu, -e ( p . p. of percevoir), perceived, heard.
perdre, to lose; se — , to lose one’s way, go astray, be lost.
le père, father; — Lancret, old
Lancret.
le périscope, périscope.
permettre (permettant, permis, permets, permis), to permit, allow.
permis, -e ( p . p. of permettre), permitted.
la permission, permission; furlough; en — , on furlough.
le personnage, personage.
personne, anybody, nobody; ne . . . — , nobody.
la personne, person.
le personnel, staff, la perspective, perspective, prospect.
persuasi-f, -ive, persuasive, la perte, loss.
peser, to weigh.
petit, -e, small, little.
peu, little; not much; un — , a little; de — , by a little, by a few hours; — à — , gradually; — banal, uncommon; — après, very soon after; — auparavant, not long before.
peupler, to populate, fill.
la peur, fear; avoir — , to be afraid.
peut, près. ind. of pouvoir, peut-être, perhaps.
peuvent, près. ind. of pouvoir.
la photo (= photographie), pho-
tograph.
la phrase, sentence, la pièce, piece, coin, cannon.
le pied, foot.
la pitié, pity.
pittoresque, picturesque.
VOCABULAIRE
la place, place, room, seat, square; sur — , on the spot.
placer, to place, put.
plaignant, près. part, of plaindre.
plaindre (se) (plaignant, plaint, plains, plaignis),
to complain.
la plaine, plain.
plaisant, -e, pleasant, arausing, funny.
plaisanter, to joke, say jokingly.
la plaisanterie, joke.
le plaisir, pleasure.
planter, to plant, set up.
la plaque, tag, dise.
plat, -e, fiat; à — ventre, fiat on the ground.
plâtré, -e ( p . p. of plâtrer),
' put in a plaster cast.
plein, -e, full; en — air, in the open air; en — bombardement, in the midst of a bombardment; en — e guerre, in the midst of war.
pleurer, to cry, weep.
pleut, près. ind. of pleuvoir.
pleuvoir (pleuvant, plu, pleut, plut), to rain.
plu {p. p. of pleuvoir), rained.
la pluie, rain.
la plume, feather; chapeau de
— s, hat trimmed with feathers.
le pluriel, plural.
plus, more, most; ne . . .
— , no more, no longer; non — , neither; de — en — , more and more, plutôt, rather, sooner.
la poche, pocket, le poète, poet.
le poignard, dagger.
la poignée, handful; — de main, shake of the hand.
le poignet, wrist.
le poing, fist.
le point, point, dot, speck; être sur le — de, to be about to.
la pointe, point.
poli, -e, polite.
la politique, politics.
le pont, bridge, la population, population, la porte, door, doorway.
le portefeuille, wallet.
porter, to carry, bring, wear, give.
poser, to lay, place, la position, position.
possible, possible, le possible, utmost.
postal, -e, postal, le poste, post; — d’écoute, listening post.
la poste, post, post office, postérieur, -e, hind.
la poudre, gunpowder.
pour, for, to, in order to.
pourchasser, to pursue.
pourpre, purple.
pourquoi, why.
pourra, fut.; pourrait, cond.
of pouvoir, la poursuite, pursuit.
poursuivre, (poursuivant, poursuivi, poursuis, poursuivis), to pursue, go on, continue.
pourtant, however.
pourvu que, provided that, let us hope that.
pousser, to push, drive, thrust, impel, prompt, let out, utter.
pouvoir (pouvant, pu, puis or peux, pus; fut., pourrai; près, subj., puisse), to be able, can, may.
la précaution, précaution; avec — , cautiously.
précéder, to précédé, précieu-x, -se, precious, valuable.
précipiter (se), to rush, run, be quickened, become more frequent, préférer, to prefer.
premi-er, -ère, first; première ligne, first line firing line.
prendre (prenant, pris, prends, pris), to take,
seize; se — , to catch, be caught.
le préparatif, préparation, préparer, to préparé; se — , to get ready, to be prepared.
près de, near.
la présence, presence.
présent, -e, présent; here.
le présent, présent, gift.
présenter, to présent, introduce; se — , to présent one’s self, introduce one’s self, offer one’s self, le président, president, presque, almost.
prétendre, to maintain, claim.
le prêtre, priest.
prévoir (prévoyant, prévu, prévois, prévis), to foresee, fix.
prier, to pray.
le prince, prince.
pris, -e {p. p. of prendre), taken.
le prisonnier, prisoner.
prit, p. def. of prendre, privé, -e (p. p. of priver),
deprived.
prochain, -e, next, imminent, prodigieusement, p r o d i giously, very much.
la profession, profession.
profiler (se), to stand out.
le projectile, projectile.
VOCABULAIRE
promener, to cast, pass;
se — , to take a walk. promettre (promettant, promis, promets, promis), to promise; se — , to promise each other, to résolve.
promis, -e (p. p. of promettre), promised; promit, p. def. of promettre, prononcer, to pronounce.
proposer, to propose, make a motion, propre, clean.
la propriétaire, landlady.
la protection, protection, protéger, to protect.
prouver, to prove, show, la Provence : see note.
la provision, provision, prussien, -ne, Prussian.
pu (p. p. of pouvoir), been able to.
puis, then.
puisque, since.
puisse, près. subj. of pouvoir, pur, -e, pure, clear.
purent, pus, put, p. def. of pouvoir.
qu’ = que.
quand, when.
quarante, forty; — quatre, forty-four.
le quart, drinking-cup.
le quartier, quarter, large piece.
quatorze, fourteen.
quatre, four.
que, conj., that; than; as;
ne . . . — , only.
que de, inter j., how much!
how many!
que, pron., whom, that, which; ce — , what (object).
quel, -le, what, what a!
quelque, some, any; — chose, something; pl., some, a few.
quelqu’un, somebody.
la question, question; il était — de, they were speaking of.
la queue, tail.
qui, who, whom, which, that; ce — , what (subject).
quiconque, whoever.
quinze, fifteen.
quitter, to leave.
quotidien, -ne, daily.
raconter, to relate, tell, ralentir, to slacken.
ramasser, to pick up.
ramener, to bring back.
ramper, to creep, crawl, le rang, rank.
ranger, to arrange, line,
draw up; être rangé (-e) en cercle, to form a circle.
ranimer, to cheer up.
rapidement, rapidly, quickly.
rarement, seldom.
rasé, -e (p. p. of raser), shaven.
rassembler (se), to assemble.
rassurer, to comfort.
la ration, ration, le ravitaillement, commissariat, supply department.
le ravitailleur, food-bearer.
recevoir (recevant, reçu, reçois, reçus), to receive.
réchauffer, to warm; faire — , to warm up; se — , to warm one’s self, la recherche, search, inquiry.
le récit, story.
réclamer, to ask for.
reçoit, reçoivent, près. ind.
of recevoir.
la récolte, harvest, crop.
recommander, to recommend, enjoin, request.
recommencer, to begin again.
la récompense, reward.
la reconnaissance, gratitude, reconnaître (reconnaissant, reconnu, reconnais, reconnus), to recognize.
reconnu, -e (p. p. of reconnaître), recognized.
reconstruire (reconstruisant, reconstruit, reconstruis, reconstruisis), to rebuild. recopier, to copy again, reproduce.
recouvrer, to recover.
recouvrir (recouvrant, recouvert, recouvre, recouvris), to cover again, hide.
reçu, -e (p. p. of recevoir),
received.
reculer, to fall back.
reçut, p. def. of recevoir, redemander, to ask for
again.
réduire (réduisant, réduit, réduis, réduisis), to reduce.
réfléchir, to reflect.
la réflexion, reflection, thought.
reformer (se), to be formed anew, be renewed.
le réfugié, refugee.
refuser, to refuse, décliné, regagner, to regain, return to, go back to.
le regard, glance, look.
regarder, to look at, watch.
le régiment, régiment, la région, région, district, régner, to reign.
regretter, to regret, réguli-er, -ère, r e g u 1 a r, steady.
régulièrement, regularly.
Reims : see note.
Reichshoffen: see note.
rejoindre (rejoignant, rejoint, rejoins, rejoignis), to join again, join, overtake; se — , to meet.
réjoui, -e, jovial, merry.
réjouir (se), to rejoice.
relater, to relate, la relève, relief, le relèvement, gathering, picking up.
relever, to raise again, relieve; se — , to rise again, be rebuilt.
remarquer, to notice, les remerciements, m. pi., thanks.
remercier, to thank.
remettre (remettant, remis, remets, remis), to put back, give, hand, deliver.
remis, -e (p. p. of remettre), put back, handed.
la remise, carriage house.
remit, p. def. of remettre, remonter, to wind up; — le moral à, to cheer up.
remplacer, to replace, remplir, to fill, fulfill, perforai.
remuer, to move, stir.
la rencontre, encounter, meeting.
rencontrer, to meet.
rendormir (se), (rendor¬
mant, rendormi, rendors, rendormis), to fall asleep again.
rendre, to render, return, give back, restore, make; — visite, to pay a visit, make a call; se — , to make one’s self, become.
renfermer, to contain.
renforcer, reënforce.
renifler, to sniff.
la renommée, renown, famé, le renseignement, information, rentrer, to go or corne home, return, corne back; — chez soi, to go back home, réparer, to repair, le repas, meal.
repasser, to pass again, pass by again.
répéter, to repeat.
replier (se), to fall back.
répondre, to reply, answer.
la réponse, answer.
le repos, rest, resting-place, rest billet.
repousser, to repel, shoot up, grow again.
reprendre (reprenant, repris, reprends, repris), to take again, take up again, begin again, go on, résumé; — ses sens, to recover one’s senses; — haleine, to recover one’s breath.
reprit, p. def. of reprendre, résigné, -e (p. p. of résigner),
resigned.
résister, to resist.
résolu, -e ( p . p. of résoudre),
resolved.
résoudre (résolvant, résolu, résous, résolus), to résolve, décidé.
respecter, to respect, spare.
ressembler, to resemble, look like.
ressortir (ressortant, ressorti, ressors, ressortis), to corne out again.
le restaurant, restaurant, rester, to remain, stay, be left.
rétablir, to restore, revise, retentir, to resound, be heard.
retentissant, -e, sonorous, loud.
le retour, return; de — , back.
retourner, to return, go back, turn, dig; se — , to turn around.
la retraite, retreat.
retranché, -e ( p . p. of retrancher), entrenched. retrouver, to find, recover;
se — , to meet again.
réunir, to reuni te; se — , to assemble, meet, corne together.
la revanche, revenge; avoir sa — , to hâve one’s turn.
réveiller, to awaken; se — ,
to awake.
le réveillon, Christmas-eve banquet.
révéler (se), to reveal one’s self, prove one’s self to be.
revenir (revenant, revenu, reviens, revins; fut., reviendrai; près. subj.} revienne), to corne back, return; — à soi, to recover one’s senses; — sur ses pas, to retrace one’s steps.
le révérend, reverend.
revêtir (revêtant, revêtu, revêts, revêtis), to clothe, cover.
reviendront, fut.; reviennent, près. ind. ; revint, p. def. of revenir, le revolver, revolver, le Rhône : see note.
riche, rich, wealthy, of the best quality.
rien, anything, nothing; ne ... — , nothing; un — , a trifle.
riposter, to reply.
rire (riant, ri, ris, ris), to
laugh.
la rive, bank.
la robe, gown, dress.
le roi, king.
le rôle, rôle, part.
rompre (se), to break.
VOCABULAIRE
rouge, red.
le roulement, rolling, rumbling.
rouler, to roll, be lost, blend.
la route, road, way, journey; se mettre en — , to start; en — , on the way; let us go.
royal, -e, royal, rude, harsh, rugged, sharp, rough.
la rue, Street, la ruine, ruin.
le ruisseau, brook.
la rumeur, rumor, noise, russe, Russian.
s* = se, or s’ before il and ils.
sa, his, her, its. le sac, bag, knapsack.
sacré, -e, sacred; Sacré-Cœur, Sacred Heart.
Saigne, Saigne, sain, -e, sound; — et sauf, safe and sound.
Saint-André, Saint Andrew.
Saint-Privat : see note.
sais, près. ind. of savoir, saisir, to seize, take hold of.
sait, près. ind. of savoir, sale, dirty, nasty.
la salle, room, ward; — à manger, dining room.
saluer, to salute.
le salut, salute.
la salve, volley.
le sang, blood.
le sanglot, sob.
sans, without.
la santé, health.
le saucisson, sausage.
sau-f, -ve, safe; sain et — , safe and sound.
sauf, adv., except.
sauter, to leap, jump, blow up.
sauver, to save, rescue.
le sauveur, rescuer.
savoir (sachant, su, sais, sus; fut., saurai; près, subj., sache), to know, know how.
la scène, scene.
se, one’s self, himself, herself, itself, themselves, each other, to one’s self, etc.
sec, sèche, dry.
second, -e, second, la seconde, second, le secours, help.
le secteur, sector.
la section, section.
Sedan : see note.
Seeger: see note.
selon, according to.
la semaine, week.
sembler, to seem.
le sens, sense, direction.
sent, près. ind. of sentir, la sentinelle, sentinel, sentry.
sentir (sentant, senti, sens, sentis), to feel; se — ,
to feel one’s self, feel that one is.
séparer, to separate; se — , to part.
sept, seven.
septembre, m., September.
sera, fut.; serait, cond. of être.
le sergent, sergeant.
la série, sériés, le serpent, snake.
serrer, to tie, tighten, clench, oppress.
sert, près. ind. of servir, le service, service.
servir (servant, servi, sers, servis), to serve; — de, to serve as; se — de, to make use of, use.
ses, his, her, its.
le seuil, threshold.
seul, -e, alone.
le shrapnell, shrapnel shell.
si, conj., if.
si, adv., so.
le sien, la sienne, his, hers, its own; les siens, his family; his soldiers.
siffler, to whistle, whiz.
le signal, signal, le signe, sign.
signifier, to signify, mean.
le silence, silence, pause, silencieu-x, -se, silent.
simple, simple, simplement, simply, only.
simplifier, to simplify.
singulièrement, singularly,
greatly.
sitôt, so soon, as soon.
la situation, situation, position, situé, -e (p. p. of situer), situated.
six, six.
la sœur, sister.
soi, one’s self; chez — , home, la soif, thirst; avoir — , to be thirsty.
soigner, to take care of, nurse.
le soin, care; pl., attentions, le soir, evening.
soit, près. subj. of être, le sol, soil, ground.
le soldat, soldier.
le soleil, sun.
sombre, gloomy, sad.
la Somme : see note.
sommes, près. ind. of être, le sommeil, sleep.
son, sa, ses, his, her, its.
songer, to think.
sonner, to sound, ring, strike.
la sonnerie, sound, flourishes.
sonore, sonorous, loud.
sont, près. ind. of être, le sort, fate; au — , by drawing lots.
sort, près. ind. of sortir, la sorte, sort, kind; en quelque
— , so to say.
sortir (sortant, sorti, sors,
sortis), to go out, corne out.
le sou, cent.
soudain, suddenly, ail of a sudden.
souffre, près. ind. of souffrir, souffrir (souffrant, souffert, souffre, souffris), to suffer.
soulever (se), to rise, be raised, be lifted.
le soulier, shoe.
la soupe, soup, meal.
souper, to take supper.
soupirer, to sigh.
sourd, -e, dull, rumbling.
sourdement, indistinctly.
sourire (souriant, souri, souris, souris), to smile.
sous, prep., under.
sous, pi. of sou.
soutenir (soutenant, soutenu, soutiens, soutins), to support, sustain, maintain.
souterrain, -e, subterranean, underground.
le souvenir, remembrance, recollection, souvent, often.
spécial, -e, peculiar.
le spectacle, spectacle, sight.
le spectre, ghost.
le square, square.
stratégique, strategie, la stupéfaction, stupéfaction, su, -e (p. p. of savoir), known.
succéder, to succeed.
le succès, success.
successi-f, -ve, successive, successivement, succèssively.
la sueur, sweat, perspiration.
suffire (suffisant, suffi, suffis, suffis), to suffice, be enough.
suffoquer, to choke, stifle.
suggérer, to suggest.
suis, près. ind. of être.
suit, près. ind. of suivre.
la suite, continuation, resuit, what follows; à la — de, after.
suivant, -e, following.
suivre (suivant, suivi, suis, suivis), to follow.
le sujet, subject, topic.
sur, on, upon.
sûr, -e, sure.
le surlendemain, two days after.
la surprise, surprise, le sursaut, start; s’éveiller en
— , to awake with a start.
surtout, above ail, especially.
le survivant, survivor.
sut, p. def. of savoir, sympathique, sympathetic.
systématiquement, system-
atically.
le système, System.
t’ = te.
ta, your.
le tabac, tobacco.
la table, table, le tablier, apron.
tac, tac : see note.
la tache, spot, speck.
la taille, waist.
taillé, -e ( p . p. of tailler), trimmed.
le tailleur, tailor.
le tambour, drum.
tant, so much, so many.
tard, late.
tarder, to be long (in), le tas, heap, shock.
tâtonner, to grope.
le taube, German monoplane.
te, you, to you.
le teint, complexion. la teinture, tincture.
tel, -le, such, such a; un — , so and so.
le téléphone, téléphoné, le temps, time, weather, pause, interval.
tenir (tenant, tenu, tiens, tins), to hold, keep; — parole, to keep one’s word.
la tentative, attempt, effort, la tente, tent.
le terme, word; en ces — s, as follows.
terminer, to end.
le terrain, ground, land.
la terrasse, terrace.
la terre, earth, land, dirt, soil, ground; à — , on the ground.
la terreur, terror, awe.
terrible, terrible, awful.
terriblement, terribly, awfully.
le territorial, territorial ( see note).
tes, your.
la tête, head; en — , in front, ahead, first.
le théâtre, theater, stage, le tibia, tibia, shin bone.
timidement, bashfully, shyly.
tint, p. def. of tenir, le tir, fire, firing.
tirailler, to bang away.
le tirailleur, sharpshooter ( see note).
tirer, to draw, pull, close, fire.
le tocsin, tocsin, alarm bell.
toi, you.
la toile, cloth, canvas; — de tente, tent cloth.
le toit, roof.
la tombée, fall (of day).
tomber, to fall.
ton, ta, tes, your.
le Tonkin: see note.
tonner, to thunder, roar.
le tonnerre, thunder.
tôt, soon.
VOCABULAIRE
touchant, -e, touching, affecting.
toucher, to touch, feel.
toujours, always, ever, still.
le tour, turn, trick; à son — , in his turn.
tourner, to turn; — le dos à, to turn one’s back on.
tous, pl. of tout.
tout, toute, tous, toutes, adj., ail, whole, every, any; tout le monde, everybody; tous les jours, every day; tous les deux, both.
tout, pron., ail, every thing.
tout, adv., ail, quite, very; — en, while; — à coup, suddenly; — court, only that and no more; — de même, just the same.
traduire (traduisant, traduit, traduis, traduisis), to translate, interpret.
tragique, tragic.
le train, train; être en — de, to be in the act of, be busy.
le trait, feature, dash.
le traitement, treatment; en — , under treatment.
traiter, to treat.
la tranche, slice.
la tranchée, trench.
transformer, to transform, change.
transmettre (transmettant,
transmis, transmets, transmis), to transmit, hand; se — , to be transmitted.
transmis, -e ( p . p. of transmettre) transmitted, handed.
le transport, transportation, carrying.
le travail, work.
le travailleur, workman, laborer.
le travers, breadtk; à — , through.
traverser, to cross, pass through.
tremblant, -e, trembling.
trempé, -e ( p . p. of tremper),
soaked.
trente, thirty ; — cinq, thirtyfive; — -six, thirty-six.
très, very.
le trésor, treasure.
tressaillir (tressaillant, tressailli, tressaille, tressaillis), to start.
tricolore, tricolored.
triste, sad, gloomy, dismal.
la tristesse, sadness; pl., sad events, sad thoughts.
trois, three.
troisième, third.
trop, too, too much, too many; pas — , not too.
le trou, hole.
troubler, to disturb, interrupt.
la troupe, band; pl., troops.
le troupeau, flock.
trouver, to find; se — , to find one’s self, be.
tsic, tsic: see note.
tu, y ou.
tuer, to kill; se faire — ,
to get killed.
uhlan, m., uhlan (German lancer).
un, -e, a, an; one; les — s, some.
uniforme, m., uniform.
unité, /., unit, usine,/., factory.
ustensile, m., utensil.
utile, useful.
va, près. ind. and impv. of
aller.
vaciller, to flicker.
la vague, wave, le vaguemestre, post-sergeant.
la vaillance, bravery.
vaillant, -e, valiant, brave, vais, près. ind. of aller, valoir (valant, valu, vaux, valus), to be worth; il vaut mieux, it is better.
vanter (se), to boast.
vas, près. ind. of aller, vaste, vast, great, spacious.
vaut, 'près. ind. of valoir, le veau, veal.
veiller, to watch over.
vendre, to sell. venger, to avenge.
venir (venant, venu, viens, vins; fut., viendrai; près, subj., vienne), to corne; — chercher, to corne and get; — d’entendre, to hâve just heard.
le vent, wind.
le ventre, stomach; à plat — , fiat on the ground.
Verdun: see note.
véridique, true.
véritable, true, real, la vérité, truth; en — , truly, indeed.
verrait, cond. of voir.
vers, towards, about, verser, to shed.
vert, -e, green.
la veste, jacket.
le vêtement, garment; pl., clothes.
veut, veux, près. ind. of vouloir.
la viande, méat.
victorieu-x, -se, victorious, triumphant.
le vide, gap.
vider, to empty.
la vie, life, existence, living.
vieil, vieille: see vieux, le vieillard, old man.
viens, près. ind. and impv.;
vient, près. ind. of venir, vieux, vieil, vieille, old; les vieux, old people.
vi-f, -ve, lively, keen.
vilain, -e, nasty, unpleasant.
le village, village, la ville, town, city.
le vin, wine.
vingt, twenty; — cinq, twenty-five; — quatre,
twenty-four; — t rois,
twenty-three.
vinrent, vint, p. def. of venir, violent, -e, violent, le visage, visage, face, la visite, visit, call.
visiter, to visit.
vit, p. def. of voir, vite, quickly, fast.
vivant, -e, alive.
vivre (vivant, vécu, vis, vécus), to live.
les vivres, m. pl., provisions, food.
voici, here is or are, this is, these are; — que, behold, just then.
voilà, there is or are, behold; — que, behold; ne — — t-il pas, ail of a sudden; nous — , we are.
voiler, to veil, conceal.
voir (voyant, vu, vois, vis; fut., verrai; près, subj., voie), to see.
voisin, -e, neighboring.
voit, près. ind. of voir, la voiture, vehicle, carriage; — d’ambulance, ambulance.
la voix, voice, la volée, volley, hail.
voler, to fly; steal.
le volontaire, volunteer.
volontairement, intentionally.
volontiers, gladly, with pleasure.
von: see note.
vont, près. ind. of aller, votre, vos, your.
le vôtre, la vôtre, yours.
voudrais, cond. of vouloir, vouloir (voulant, voulu, veux, voulus; fut., voudrai; près, subj., veuille), to wish, want; — bien, to be willing, to like; — dire, to mean; je voudrais bien, I should like to.
vous, you, to you.
le voyage, trip, journey, travel.
voyant, près. part, of voir, vrai, -e, true.
vu, -e (p. p. of voir) ; seen.
le wagon, railroad car.
Westphalie: see note.
Wissembourg: see note.
y, there, to it, to them.
les yeux ( pl . of œil), eyes.
la zone, zone, district, le zouave, zouave; see note.
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