des deux Cimon : the father and the son of the great

Miltiades, the conqueror at Marathon.

Thucydide (460-395 b.c.) : the greatest of Greek historians. He wrote the History of thx Pdoponiiesiaii War, the work of an impartial and independent man.

Hérodote (484-425 b.c.) : Herodotus, ' the Father of History,' had travelled much and had collected an enormous aniount of information, which he embodied in his History, designed not only to record the wars but also the causes of the wars between Greece and the barbarians. He is not a scientific historian, and has to be read with caution. 22. Démosthène (384-322 b.c.): Demosthenes became the most brilliant of Atheuian orators through indefatigable self- discipline and training ; moreover he was agréât statesman, who served his country well. His speeches hâve been trauslated by Kennedy (five vols., 1852-63). Socrate (468-399 b.c.) : Socrates was a great Greek philosopher. His philosophy difFers from that of his natui-alistic predecessors inasmuch as he made human conduct the subject of his inquiries. His teaching has been preserved in

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the Works of liis pupil Plato, and may be summed up in the formula : ■ Virtue is knowledge ; vice is ignorance. ' Acciised of impiety and condemned to death, he spent his last day with his friands as described in Plato's Fhaedo, and in the evening he drank the hemlock. "Such was the end of our friand, whom I may truly call the wisest, and justest, and bast of ail men whom I hâve ever known " {Phaedo).

57. 23. Phocion (400-317 b.c.) ; au Athenian orator and gênerai,

who was distinguished by his disinterestedness ; he was an iutrepid wamor and yet an apostle of peace. He reminded people at the tribune and on the battlefield of the great Aristides.

27. Aristide (540-468 b.c.) : Aristides was an Athenian gênerai and statasman who, on account of his integrity of character, was called ' the Just ' ; he distinguished himself at Marathon, and was the rival of Themistoclas, who banished him. Later he retiirned to Athens, and the two gi'eat man bacame reconciled ; he fought valiantly at Salamis (480) aud Plataea (479), and then managed the finances of Athens with exemplary honesty, dying a pauper.

Mélitus : Melitus was one of the chief accusers of Socrates, and it was he who proposed death in the indictment.