de fausses lueurs : cf

un faux air (de). ' a sort of un air faux, ' a dcceitful look. '

likeness (to). '

une fausse clef, ' a skeleton une cUf faus.':e, 'a wrong

kcy. ■ key. '

Notes 89

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2ine fausse note, ' a false une note fausse, ' a note ont

noie." of tune.'

une fausse pièce, 'afaithless U7ie pitcc fausse, ' a counterfeit

inan. ' coin.

3. 4. tourmente, ' storm,' ' turmoil ; ' tourment, 'torment.'

,, 10. poêle: maso. (Lat. pensik), ' stove ' ; (Low Lat. petalum), ' pall ' ; fem. (ha.t. patettam), ' frying-pan. ' faïence, from Faënza, in Italy, where this sort of pottery was first made. Cf. baïonnette from Bayonne, berline from Berlin, cachemire from Cachemire, damas from Damas (Damascus), gaze from Gaza, rouennerie from Rouen, etc. ,, 15. Rurik, the founder of the Russian monarchy, was the chief of a Germanie tribe on the shore of the Baltic when, in 861, the inhabitants of Novgorod begged him to help them against plundering neighbours. He did help them, but took possession of their town and territory and assumed the title of Grand Duke. His dynasty occupied the throne of Russia until the end of the si.xteenth century. ,, 17. monnaie, 'coin.' Note —

l'Hôtel de la Monnaie, ' the Mint.'

la monnaie de cinq francs, ' the change for a five-franc pièce.'

donnera quelqu'un la monnaie de sa pièce, ' to pay some

one back in his own coin.' ce n'est que monnaie de singe, ' it is nothing but blarney. ' ,, 20. ne se firent pas prier, ' did not require much pressing.' ,, 22. le tapis vert, 'the gaming-table' ; also, sometimes, 'the council board. ' Note —

être sur le tapis, ' to be talked about.' mettre sur le tapis, 'to discuss,' ' to bring forward.' nettoyer le tapis, ' to sweep the board. ' ,, 25. Saint-Serge : Sergius, a Russian anchorite, born in 1315,

died in 1393. He is one of the protectors of Russia. ,, 28. user de, ' to make use of ' ; user, ' to wear eut.' Cf. abuser de, ' to misuse," ' to take advantage of,' and abuser, ' to dcceive. ' ,, 29. s'aller coucher : this was the construction in favour in the seventeenth century. Now, when a verb is followed by an infinitive, the pronouns depending on the latter are, as a rule, placed between the two verbs. They must, however, stand before the first verb, when it is envoyer, faire, laisser, or a verb oi perception —

il les a envoyé chercher, nous le leur ferons faire, je le lui ai entendu dire.

9° Cœurs russes

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3. 29. force promesses : notice that fo}xe used adverbiall}- is

never followed by de, and contrast nombre de, quantité de.

,, 30. lendemain, formerly endemain. The / is nothing but the definite article, vvhich in process of time bas adhered to the noun. Cf. lierre, ' ivy, ' O. F. ierre, from Lat. hederam ; loriot, 'oriole,' O. F. oriol, from Lat. aureolum, etc.

4. I. la bonne petite journée ! the definite article is often used

in exclamations in the sensé of 'what,' ' what a.' : le beau ciel ! ' what a beautiful sky ! '

7. avaient servi de rabatteurs : cf. servir, • to serve, ' ' to

wait on ' ; servir à, ' to serve for,' ' to be of use to ' ; servir de, ' to serve as,' ' to do the office of ; se servir de, ' to make use of."