acte, m., act, action, deed
action, /., action, act; — de
grâces, thanksgiving.
adorer, to worship.
adossé, -e, (à), set against.
aérien, -ne, aerial, high, lofty.
affaire, /., thing, business ; — s,
pl.f business, affairé, -e, occupied, busy.
affecté, -e, affected, pretended.
affecter, to affect, seek.
afflrmati-f, -ye, affirmative,
positive, affirmer, to affirm, assure, affligé, -e, afiiicted.
affreusement, frightf ully, dread-
fuUy.
afin, in order ; — de, — que, to,
in order to, that, in order that,
so that.
âge, m.f âge; years ; old âge.
agenouiller (s'), to kneel down.
agilité,/., agility, activity.
VOCABULARY
agir, to act, do; il s'agissait de savoir, it was a question of deciding.
agiter, to agitate, shake.
agréable, agreeable, acceptable ; pleasing.
agripper, to grip.
aide,/., ^id, help, relief.
aider, to aid, help.
aigu, -ë, acute, sharp-pointed, sharp, keen, piercing.
ailleurs, elsewhere; d' — , besides, moreover, in other respects.
aimer, to love ; — mieux, prefer.
aîné, -e, eldest, elder.
ainsi, thus, therefore, so that;
— que, as.
air, m,t sdr, look, appearance.
aise,/., ease, leisure.
aisément, easUy.
aisselle,/., arm-pit.
ajouré, -e, fre'tted.
ajouter, to add.
allaiter, to give suck, nurse, allègrement, joyously, joyfuUy,
merrily, cheerfully.
aller, to go, walk, continue;
— bien, to be well ; s'en — , to go away.
allonger, to stretch out, extend.
allumer, to light.
alors, then, at that time ; — que,
when, at a time when.
alourdir, to make heavy ; s' — ,
grow heavy.
altération, /., détérioration,
adultération, misrepresenta-
tion.
amaigrir, to emaciate.
amande, /., almond, kernel (of
stone-fruit).
amas, m.y heap, pile, âme,/., soûl, conscience, spirit,
heart.
amener, to bring, bring about.
ami, m., -e,/., friend.
an, m.y year.
ancien, -ne, old, former.
âne, m.y ass, donkey.
ange, m.y an gel.
angoisse,/., anguish, pang.
angoisser, to cause anguish.
animer, to animate.
année, /., ^ear.
anniversaire, m.y anniversary.
annoncer, to announce, proclaim.
ânonner, to stammer.
antérieur, -e, previous, former.
apaiser, to appease, soothe.
apercevoir, to perceive, notice ; s' — , perceive, discover.
apôtre, m.y apostle.
apparaître, to appear, be in sight.
appareil, m.y formai préparation, solemnity, magnificence.
apparoir, to appear, be évident ; comme il appert, as it appears.
appartenir, to belong.
appeler, to call, send for ; s' — , be called, call oneself ; comment TOUS appelez-YOus?
what is your name ?
appert, see apparoir.
appétit, m.y appetite.
apporter, to bring, produce.
apprendre, to leam, teach, be informed of.
approcher, to approach, put ordraw near ; s* — , come near.
après, after; — que, when, af ter ; — tout, after ail.
après-midi,/, (m.), afternoon.
arbre, m.y tree.
arceau, m.y arch.
ardeur,/., ardor, fervor.
arène,/., arena.
argent, m.y silver, money.
argentin, -e, sîlvery.
argile,/., argil, clay.
armoire,/., clothes-press, wardrobe, closet.
VOCABULARY
armure,/., armor.
aromatéi m., aromatic.
arracher, to pick o&, tear out,
snatch away.
arranger, to arrange; s' — , to
make arrangements, put up
with, conciliate.
arrêt, m., rest, stop, stay.
arrêter, to stop; s' — , to stop,
pause.
Aristobule, Aristobulus.
'arriver, to arrive, happen,
reach.
arroser, to water; mon cierge
arrosait . . . , m y wax-taper
was dripping.
artifice, m.f artifice, contri-
vance, trick.
assaisonner, to season.
assez, enough,sufficiently, quite,
rather, tolerably.
assis, -e, seated.
assister, to attend, be présent
at.
associer, to associate; — à,
share something with anyone;
admit to a share of.
assouplir, to make supple. atour, m.f — s, //., woman's attire, dress; dame d' — , lady
of the bed-chamber.
attacher, to attach, fix.
atteler, to put to (a/ horses), attendant ; en — , in the mean-
time, meanwhile.
attendre, to expect, wait for;
s' — à, to expect.
attendri, -e, moved, touched.
attendrissement, m., tender-
ness.
attente,/., waiting.
attirer, to attract, allure, lead
on.
attrait, m., attraction, charm.
attraper, to catch, seize, attrister, to grieve, make sad.
attrition, /., contrition, pénitence.
aubaine,/., windfall, godsend.
aube,/., dawn.
aubépine,/., hawthom.
aucun, -e, no one, none, not any, no.
audace,/., audacity, daring.
au-dessous, below, beneath.
auge,/., trough.
aujourd'hui, to-day, this day, nowadays.
aumône,/., alms, charity.
aumônier, compassionate, charitable.
auparavant, before.
auprès, near, by, close to, next to, close by, to.
auréole,/., halo.
aurore,/., dawn.
aussi, also, too, likewise.
aussitôt) immediately, prèsently, directly, forthwith ; — que, as soon as, whenever.
autant, as much, so many; d' — plus, so much the more.
autel, tn.f altar.
autour, about, around; tout — , round about.
autre, other, another, else, différent; -ment, otherwise.
autrefois, formerly.
autrui, other people.
avance, /., advance ; d' — , beforehand, before one's time.
avancer, to advance, move forward.
avant, before {oftime and ordei^; en — , forward, f orth ; plus — , further; les mains en — , hands outstretched.
avantage, m., advantage, gain, profit.
avec, with.
aventure, /., adventure; d' — , by chance, perchance ; dire la bonne — , to tell fortunes.
avertir, to warn.
aveugler, to blind, dazzle.
avidement, eagerly.
VOCABULARY
ayilir, to debase, dégrade, ayilissement, m., debasement,
vileness, dégradation.
ayis, m.y opinion; à mon — , in
m y opinion, aviser, to wam ; s' — , to bethink
oneself , think.
aylYer, to brighten, heighten
the color. aYOine, /., oats.
ayoir, to hâve; qu'est-ce que
TOUS' ayez? what is the mat-
ter with you? what ails you?
avouer, to confess, acknowledge.
ayril, m,, ApriL
baiser, «»., kiss; déposer un — ,
to kiss.
baiser, to kiss.
baisser, to lower, hang down.
bal, m., bail.
balancer, to balance, wave, balayer, to sweep, wipe.
balle, /., bail, buUet.
ballotter, to shake.
banc, »f., bench, pew; — de
pierre, stone-seat.
bancal, -e, bandy-legged, ricke-
bancroche, see bancal.
banque, /., banking-business, bank.
baptême, m,y baptism.
baptiser, to baptise.
barbe, /., beard, whiskers.
barbouiller, to besmear; se — , to begrime oneself.
bas, m,y stocking.
bas, -se, low, not high ; en — , below, downwards ; là^ — , yonder; au — du lit, beside the bed.
bassesse, /., baseness, servileness, mean, base; sordid action.
bâtir, to build.
bâtonnet, m., small stick, battre, to beat, strike, thrash,
whip ; se — , to fight.
battu, -e, beaten.
béatitude, /., bliss.
beau, bel, m., belle,/., fine, fair,
beautiful, handsome.
beau, in vain; vous ayez —
dire, you speak in vain, it is
useless for you to speak; il
avait — faire, for ail he could
do.
beaucoup, much, many, a great
many, a great deal.
beau-frère, .»f., brother-in-law,
step-brother, half-brother.
beauté, /., beauty.
belle-mère, /., mother-in-law,
step-mother.
bénédiction, /., bénédiction,
blessing. bénir, to bless.
berceau, m., cradle, arbor.
berger, m., shepherd.
bernardin, m., -e, /., Bernardine
(monk or nun).
besogne, /., work, labor, task.
besoin, m.j need.
bête, /., beast, animal, bibliothèque, /., library.
bien, m., fortune, wealth, prop-
erty; homme de — , honest
man.
bien, well, right, very, much,
many ; — que, although.
bienfaisant, -e, beneficent.
bienfait, m.^ beneôt, kindness.
bientôt, soon.
bienveillant, -«, benevolent,
friendly, kind.
bigarreau, m., white^heart
cherry, bigarreau, bijou, m., jewel.
bizarre, odd, strange, fantastical^
extravagant, blan-c, -che, white.
blancheur, /., whiteness.
VOCABULARY
blanchir, to whiten, fail.
blé, m,f wheat.
blessant, -e, offensive.
blessé, -«, wounded, hurt.
bleu, -e, blue.
bleuet, sââ bluet.
bleuir, to blue, make blue, tum
blue.
bloc, m,f block.
blond, -e, flaxen, fair, light.
blottir (se), to squat; blottie à
l'écart, nestled down a little
out of the way.
bluet, m., blue-bottle ; ses yeux
de — , her blue eyes.
bœuf, m.f oz.
bohémien, -ne, gipsy.
boire, to dzink.
bois, m,f wood.
boisé, -e, wooded.
boiserie,/., wainscoting.
boisson,/., drink, beverage.
boitillant, hobbling along.
bon, -ne, good, useful, profitable, advantageous, proper,
convenient, able, fit, kind.
bonbon, m,, bonbon, sweetmeat.
bonhomie, /., good nature, sim-
plicity.
bonne,/., nuisery-maid, maid of
ail work.
bonté,/., goodness, kindness.
bord, m., border, edge, shore,
bank.
bordé, tucked in ; — de façades,
lined or bordered with house-
fronts.
border, to edge, border, borne,/., mile-stone, post bosse,/., hump, lump, bossu, -e, hunch-backed.
bottine, /., half-boot, lady's
boot; — s à élastique, Con-
gress boots, bouche,/., mouth, lips.
boucher, m., butcher.
boucher, to stop, boudin, m., sausage.
bouger, to stir, budge.
bouillie,/., pap (for infants).
boule,/., bail.
bouquet, m., bunch.
bourdonner, to buzz.
bourg, m., borough, couutry-
town, market-town.
bourgade, /., (small) markettown, (straggling) village.
bourgeois, m,, member of the
middle class. bourgeoise, /., woman of the
middle class.
bourgeoisie,/., the middle class.
bourse,/., purse.
bout, m,f top, end, tip, extremity.
bouton, m., button.
boutonné, -e, buttoned.
boutonnière,/., button-hole.
branchette,/., small twig.
bras, m., arm.
brassée, /., armf ul.
bravement, bravely.
brin, m., blade, bit.
brocart, m., brocade (silken siuff
interwoven with gold or silver
threads), broder, to embroider.
broderie,/, embroidery.
bruire, to nistle.
bruit, m., noise, rattling, rumor,
report, commotion, quarreL brûler, to bum.
brusque, blunt, abrupt, sudden;
-ment, abruptly, suddenly.
brutal, -e, brutal; -ement, bru-
tally.
bûcher, m., funeral pile, stake.
buis, m., boz-tree.
buisson, m., bush, thicket.
bure,/., coarse wool cloth.
but, m., object, end, purpose.
ça (/tzm.), this, that.
çà, hère, hither; — et là, hère and there.
VOCABULARY
cacher, to hide, conceal ; oe — ,
to hide oneself.
cadeau, m., présent, gift.
cadre, m., frame (for pictures).
calendrier, m,, calendar, alma-
nach.
calicot, m,f calico.
calme, quiet, campagne, /., country.
camper, to encamp, dap into.
canevas, m., canvass.
cantique, m,, canticle, song.
cape, /.y cape, riding-hood, cloak
with a hood.
capitaine, m., captain, commander, capricieu-z, -ee, capricious,
whimsical, fanciful, freakish.
capuchon, m,, hood, cowl (of a
monk*s cloak).
car, for, because.
caractère, m., character, temper,
humor, spirit.
carillon, m., chime, peal; //.,
chimea.
carotte, /., carrot ; cheveux carotte, red hair.
carré, i»., square, garden-bed.
carreler, to pave with tiles;
carrelée de rouge, paved with
red tiles.
carrière,/., quarry.
cartable, m., school-bag.
cas, m,, case, casque, m,, helmet.
casser, to break, wear out,
weaken.
catéchisme, m., catechism.
cause, /., cause, motive ; à — de,
on account of , for the sake of .
causer, to chat, talk.
ce, cet, cette, {pi, ces), this,
thèse, that, those.
cèdre, m., cedar.
ceinture,/., girdle, belt.
cela, that.
célèbre, celebrated, famous, re-
nowned.
celle,/., she, her, that.
celui, m, (//. ceux), he, him,
that, those; — ci, this; — là,
the former, that ; ceux-ci,
thèse; ceux-lÀ, those.
cénobite, m., cénobite, monk.
cent, hundred.
centaine,/., hundred. cependant, in the meantime, in
the meanwhUe, nevertheless,
however, yet.
cerceau, m,, hoop; — x de côtes,
ribs.
cercle, m,, cirde, hoop, round
ring, cerise,/., cherry, cerisier, m,, cherry-tree.
certes, truly, indeed, certainly.
cesse, /., ceasing; sans — , in-
cessantly.
cesser, to cease.
cette, this, that.
chacun, -e, each.
chagrin, m,, grief, sorrow.
chair,/., fle»h.
chaire, /., pulpit, desk (in
churches); monter en — , to
go up into the pulpit.
chaleur,/., beat, warmth.
chambre, /., chamber, room,
lodging; — à coucher, bed-
room.
chameau, m,, cameL champ, m., field ; à travers — s,
over hedge and ditch ; courir
les — s, to run about in the
country.
chance, /., chance, good luck,
good fortune, chandelle,/., candie; — de cire,
waz-light.
changement, m., change, chanson,/., song.
chant, m.f singing.
chanter, to sing, chant chanvre, m., hemp.
chapeau, m., hat chapelet, <n., -rosary; ** de
VOCABULARY
petits pas, chain of little f oot-
prints.
chapelle,/., cliapeL chaque, every, each.
charger, to charge, load, entrust,
give the care of; se — , to
take charge of, take a thing
upon oneself , undertake.
charité,/., charity, benevolence,
love, charmant, -e, charming, de-
lightful.
charpente,/., framework.
charette,/., cart.
châsse,/., shrine, reliquary.
chasser, to hunt, expel, tum
out, drive out chat, m,, cat. château, m., castle.
chaud, -e, hot, warm.
chauffer, to beat, warm ; se — ,
to.warm oneself.
chaume, m., thatched but.
chaussé, -e, shod; bien — ,
nicely booted, wearing sboes
tbat fit welL chef, m., bead.
chef-lieu, m,, cbief town, county-
town.
chemin, m., way, path, road;
en — , on the way.
cheminée, /., cbimney, fire-
place.
chemise,/., sbirt chemisette,/., tucker, blouse, chêne, m., oak.
ch-er, --ère, dear, beloved.
chercher, to searcb, look for,
seek, try ; aller — , to go for,
go and f etcb or bring ; venir
— , to come for, come to
fetcb.
chéti-f , -Ye, puny.
cheyal, m,, borse; à — , astride.
cheyalier, m., knigbt.
cheyet, m., bed-side, apsis of a
cburcb.
cheveu, m., haïr; — z,//., bair of
tbe bead; — en broussailles,
busby bair.
cheyille,/., ankle.
chèvre,/., sbe-goat.
chez, at, to, in one's bouse,
witb, at the home of, among.
chien, m., dog, cur; jeune — ,
pup, puppy.
chiffon, m.f rag.
chiquenaude, /., fillip; rien
qu'en lui donnant une — ,
just giving it a toucb.
chœur, m^ choir (in cburcbes),
chorus; enfant de — , m.,
cborister, singing boy in
cburcbes.
choisir, to cboose, sélect chose, /., tbing, matter, business, affair; quelque — ,
sometbing.
chou, m., cabbage.
chrétien, -ne, Christian, chrétienté, /., Cbristianity,
Christendom.
chuchotement, m., wbispering.
chute,/., fall.
ciboule, m,, green onion.
cicatriser, to close (a wound),
beal up.
ciel, m, (pi, deux), beaven,
sky, beavens.
cierge, m., wax-taper, wax-ligbt.
cil, m,t eyelash.
cimetière, m., cburcb-yard,
cemetery.
cinq, five.
cinquante, fifty.
cinquantième, fiftietb.
circonstance, /.^ occasion, ciseler, to carve, chase, cbisel.
ciselure, /., cbasing, carving,
sculpture, citer, to cite, quote.
citerne,/., cistem.
cithare,/., citbem.
clair, -e, clear, brigbt, sbining;
-ement, clearly, distinctly.
clapoter, to splash ; squasb.
VOCABULARY
clarté,/., light.
clé, clef, /., key ; fermer à — ,
to lock up.
clerc, m,y ecclesiastic.
clin, m.f wink (of an eye) ; en
un — d'œil, in a trice.
cloche,/., bell.
clocher, m., steeple, belfry.
clocheton, m.^ little bell.
cloître, m., cloister, convent.
clopin-clopant, hobblingly, lim-
pingly. clos, m,f enclosure, fîeld.
clos, -e, closed.
cœur, m.y heart, mind, soûl; —
gros, heavy heart, f ull heart ;
U en a le — net, he has eased
his mind of it.
coiffer, to put somethîng on
one's head, cover or dress (the
head).
coin, m., corner; — de terre,
spot, place, colère, /., anger, passion, wrath,
rage, fury; se mettre en — ,
to get into a passion, collaborer, to work together.
collier, m., coUar, necklace.
colline,/., hill.
colonnette,/., little column.
commander, to command, order.
comme, as, like, as if ; — il put,
as well as he could.
commencement, i»., beginning,
commencement comment, how.
commettre, to commît, commission,/., errand ; faire les
— s, to run errands.
commode, /., chest of drawers.
communément, commonly, gen-
erally, usually.
communier, to receive the sac-
rament. communion,/., sacrament.
compagnie,/., company, society.
comparaître, to appear. [ate.
compatissant, -e, compassion-
comprendre, to comprehend, un-
derstand.
compter, to count ; il n'en était
déjà plus à les — , he no
longer counted them.
comtesse,/., countess.
concevoir, to perceive, under-
stand.
conclure, to conclude.
concupiscence,/., lust.
condamner, to condemn, sen-*
tence to punishment.
condescendance, /., condescen-
sion, compliance.
conduire, to conduct, lead, guide,
govem, take, accompany, es-
cort.
conduite,/., conduct, behavior.
confiance,/., confidence, confier, to confide.
confus, -e, confused, ashamed.
congé, m., leave.
connaissance, /., acquaintance.
connaître, to know; se — , to
know oneself.
consacrer, to consecrate, dedi-
cate.
consentir, to consent to, consent, conséquent, -e, consistent ; par
— , consequently.
conseryer, to conserve, préserve,
keep.
considération, /., respect, es-
teem.
considérer, to consider, regard,
value, respect, look up to.
construire, to build, erect.
consulter, to consult, ask advice.
contenir, to contain.
contentement, m., peace.
conter, to tell, relate, contestation, /., contest, debate,
wrangling.
continuellement, continually.
continuer, to continue, go on
(with).
contraindre, to constrain, com-
peL
VOCABULARY
contraire, m., opposite.
contre, against.
contrefort, m,f counterfort, but-
tress. contribuer, to contribute.
convenable, proper, suitable.
convenir, to agrée, suit, fit, be-
come, be proper for.
coquelicot, m., wild poppy.
corbeille, /., flat, wide basket.
corde,./., cord, rope, line.
corps, m., body.
corrup-teur, -trice, corrupting.
corsage, m., body of a dress,
bodice.
côte, /., rib.
côté, m,f side; à — de, by, near;
à mes — 8, beside me, by my
side; de certains — s, viewed
f rom certain points ; dn — de,
towards, in the direction of;
de notre — , to\vards us.
coton, m,, cotton, calico.
cou, m.f neck.
couchant, m., west, setting sun.
couche, /., layer.
couché, -e, put to bed, in bed,
lying down.
coucher, to put to bed, lay down;
se — , to go to bed, lie
down, set (of the sun).
couchette, /., crib, little bed.
coucou, m,t barren strawberry
plant, coudre, to sew.
couler, to run down.
couleur, /., color, paint, hue,
tinge, tint, coloring ; aous —
de, under the pretext of.
couleuvre, /., adder.
coupable, guilty, sinf uL cour, /., court, yard, courber, to bend, bow, bow
down, weigh down.
courir, to run, hasten.
couronne, /., crown, kingdom,
wreath, garland.
couronné, -e, crowned.
coutume, /., custom, habit;
comme de — , as usual.
couturière, /., seamstress, dress-
maker.
couvent, m., couvent, monastery,
nunnery.
couvercle, m., cover, lid.
couvert, -e, covered.
couvrir, to cover, wrap, envelop ;
se — , to be overcast (of the
weather).
craindre, to fear, dread, be
afraid.
crainte, /., fear, dread, awe.
créature, /., créature, crèche, /., manger, créer, to create.
crépuscule, m., twilight.
cresson, m., cresses, water-
cresses. creuser, to dig, excavate, hollow.
crever, to burst, split, crack,
break, tear, rend, cri, m., cry, squeak.
cribler, to riddle; criblé de
taches de rousseur (de son),
covered with freckles.
crier, to proclaim, cry, cry out ;
scream, shriek, exclaim.
croire, to believe; se — , to
think, believe or consider one-
self.
croisée,/., window.
croiser, to cross, pass ; se — , to
cross each other ; s'entre — ,
to cross each other.
croix,/., cross, croquer, to crunch, eat up,
swallow.
crottes de chocolat,/.//., chocolatés (round and small).
croupe,/., buttocks (of a horse).
cru, -e, crude; (0/ colors) hard,
stiff.
crucifier, to crucify.
cueillir, to gather.
cuir, m., leather, hide.
cuisine,/., kitchen, fare.
caiyre, m., copper.
cul-de-jatte, m., cripple {who
slides along on his back)»
culotte, /., breeches.
curé, m,t parish-priest ; Monsieur
le Curé, Révérend Sir.
dalle,/., flag-stone, slab.
dame, /., lady; — 1 indeedi welll
damner, to damn ; se — , to expose oneself to damnation.
dans, in, within, into.
dartre, /., disease of the skin, éruption.
davantage, more, any more.
de, of , f rom, in ; with, by, about, at.
débiter, to telL
debout, standing.
débuter, to begin.
décharger, to disburden ; se — , to disburden oneself.
décharné, -e, lean, emaciated.
déchiffrer, to decipher.
décidément, decidedly.
découper, to carve, eut out; se — ' sur, to be outlined upon.
découTerte,/., discovery.
découvrir, to discover.
dédain, m., disdain, scom, contempt.
dédier, to dedicate.
détaire, to undo.
défiant, -e, distrustful, suspicions.
dégoût, m., disgust, loathing, aversion.
déguisement, m., disguise.
dehors, m.^ outside.
dehors, out, out of doors ; en — , outside.
déjà, already.
déjeuner, to breakfast.
delà, beyond; par — , far beyond.
délecter, to delight, please; se
— , to take delight in.
délicat, -e, délicate, dainty,
nice, f astidious ; -ement, deli-
cately, nicely.
délicatesse, /., delicacy, dainti-
ness, nicety, élégance, scrupu-
lousness.
délice, m.y -s,/.//., delight.
délicieusement, delightfuUy.
délire, m,y delirium ; avoir le — ,
to rave, délivrer, to deliver, release, set
f ree, rid of.
demain, to-morrow.
demander, to ask, demand.
demeurer, to live (in or at).
demi-cercle, m., semicircle.
denier, m., denier, penny weight,
money.
dent,/., tooth.
dépenser, to spend, expend.
dépit, m,t spite.
déplaire, to displease, offend;
ne vous en déplaise, with
your permission, déplaisant, -e, unpleasant, dîs-
agreeable, annoying, obnox-
ious.
déposer, to lay down, deposit;
— un baiser, to kiss.
dépôt, m.y deposit.
depuis, since; — deux jours,
for two days.
déraisonnable, unreasonable.
déraisonner, to talk nonsense,
rave, déranger, to dérange, disorder,
displace ; se — , to trouble or
inconvenience oneself.
dernier, last.
derrière, behind; par — , from
behind.
dès, from, since, at; — lors,
from that time; — que, as
soon as ; — le lendemain, the
(very) next day.
désarmer, to disarm, appease.
VOCABULARY
descendre, to descend, go down, corne dowQ, step down.
descente,/., coming down, fall; — de lit, bedside carpet.
désert, -e, solitary, unfrequented.
désespoir, m,, despair, desperation.
déshonorer, to dishonor, disgrâce.
désigner, to designate, point out.
désintéressé, -e, disinterested, unselôsh.
désintéressement, m., disinterestedness, indifférence.
désir, m.f désire, wish, longing.
désobéissance, /., disobedience.
dessein, m., design, purpose, plan.
desservant, m., priest,officiating niinister.
dessous, under; au — , beneath, underneath.
dessus, m,, the upper part, top.
dessus, on, upon, over; au — , above ; là — , on which, thereupon, saying this, with thèse words ; par — , above, over, more.
dételer, to unhamess.
déterminer, to détermine, décide, ascertain.
détourné, -e, indirect.
détournement, m., tuming aside, embezzlement (of property).
détourner, to keep from, turn away, aside, divert, deter, embezzle, appropriate.
détresse,/., distress, sorrow.
détrôner, to dethrone.
deux, two.
deyant, before, ahead, in front of.
devenir, to become, grow; qu'est-ce que nous allons devenir? what will become of us?
deviner, to devine, guess.
deyiser, to chat, talk.
devoir, w., duty.
devoir, to owe, be necessarv, must, ought, beabout to; dut être, was to bç.
dévorateur, m., devourer, destroyer.
dévorer, to devour, eat up.
dévotion,/., dévotion ; faire ses — s, to perform one*s dévotions.
diamant, m., diamond.
diaphane, diaphanic, diaphanous, transparent.
Dieu, m.f God; le bon — , God Almighty ; mon — , dear me I good heavensi dieu, idol.
difficile, difficuit.
digne, worthy.
dignité,/., dignity.
diligence,/., stage-coach.
dimanche, m., Sunday.
dîme,/., tithe.
diminution,/., lessening,shrinking, contraction.
dire, to tell, say; c'est-Â-dire, that is to say ; pour ainsi — , as it were.
discours, m., discourse, speech.
discrètement, discreetly.
disparaître, to disappear, vanish.
disputer, to dispute, argue.
dissimuler ; se — , to conceal.
distingué, -e, distinguished, eminent.
distinguer, to distinguish, discem, discriminate.
distraire, to divert, entertain.
distribuer, to distribute, portion out.
divin, -e, divine, holy.
dix, ten.
dixième, tenth.
dix^ept, seventeen.
docteur, m., doctor, physician.
doigt, m., finger.
dominer, to rise above.
VOCABULARY
don, m., gift. [iiigly*
donc, therefore, then, accord-
donner, to give, look out, look into; mes fenêtres donnent sur le jardin, my Windows look into the garden; se — de la peine, to take pains.
dont, whose, whereof , of which, of whom.
doré, -e, gilt over, golden.
dormir, to sleep, be asleep.
dos, m.f back.
dot,/., marriage portion, dowry.
douceur, /., sweetness, sof tness, gentleness.
doucement, softly, gently, slowly, kindly.
douleur, /., pain, ache, sorrow.
douleureu-x, -se, painf ul.
doute, m., doubt ; sans — , without doubt, doubtless.
douter, to doubt; se — , to suspect.
dou-z, -oe, soft, smooth, mild, gentle, charming, pleasant.
douze, twelve.
drap de lit, i»., sheet for a bed.
draper, to cover.
dresser, to raise, set up, straighten; se — sur la pointe des pieds, to stand on tip-toe.
droit, «71., right, privilège.
droit, -e, straight, upright, erect.
droite, /., right hand, right side, right hand side ; tourner à — , to tum to the right.
drôle, funny.
duchesse, /., duchess.
dur, -e, hard, tough, unkind, harsh, disagreeable.
4ureté, /., hardness, harshness, unkindness.
eau, /*., water; pond, échafaudage, «ti., scaffolds, scaffolding.
échanger, to exchange, interchange.
échapper, to escape; laisser — , to let pass.
échelle, /., ladder.
écheyeau, m., skein.
échine, /., spine.
éclairer, to light, glve light, enlighten, illuininate.
éclat, m,f brightness, radiancy, glitter, splendor.
éclatant, -e, bright, dazzling,
école, /., school. [glaring.
économe, m., steward.
écouler, to elapse, pass by.
écraser, to squash, bruise, mash.
écrire, to write.
Ecriture Sainte (l')>/-> ^^^ ^^^y
Scripture, the Bible, écu, m»f crown (aboutone dollar). écuier, to tread shoes down at
the heel.
écurie,/., stable, effacer, to efface; s' — , to keep
in the background.
effaroucher, to scare, startle.
effet, m., effect, resuit; en — , in
reality, in fact, indeed.
e£B.caoe, efficacious, powerful.
efforcer (s')) to endeavor, strive,
exert oneself, make an effort, effroyable, frightful, shocking,
dreadful.
effusion, /., effusion, pouring
out.
égard, tn,f regard, respect, considération, déférence; à 1* — ■
de, respecting, with regard to.
église,/., church.
égoïsme, m., selfishness.
égyptiaque, egyptian.
eh 1 ah I well I ; — bien ! well !
éleyé, -e, sublime, eminent.
élever, to raise, bring up; s' — ,
to rise.
élire, to elect, choose.
elle, she, her, it; - s, //., they,
them.
VOCABULARY
éloigné, -tf removed, distant,
remote.
éloigner, to remove, put away,
sendaway, banish, drive away ;
8* — , to go away, withdraw.
émaner, to emanate.
emballer, to pack up.
embarras, m., embarrassment,
perplexity.
embarrasser, to encumber.
embaumer, to embalm.
embellissement, m., embellish-
ment, improvement, adom-
ment, embrasser, to embrace, kiss.
embrouiller, to confuse, perplex,
entangle.
embusqué, -e, lying in wait.
émerveiller, to astonish, amaze.
emmener, to lead away, carry or
take away.
empêcher, to hinder, impede,
prevent.
empereur, m., emperor.
emplir, to fill, 611 up.
employer, to use, spend.
empoigner, to grasp, seize, lay
hold on.
emporte-pièce, m., punch, eut-
ting-out machine, emporter, to take away, carry
away, carry off.
empoussiéré, covered with dust.
emprisonnement, m., imprison-
ment, confinement.
ému, -e, moved, affected.
encadrer, to frame, encircle.
encapuchonné, -e, covered with,
cowled.
enclin, -e, inclined, prone.
enclore, to enclose.
encore, yet, still, once more,
more, again, also.
endormi, -e, asleep.
endormir, to make sleep, lull
asleep; s' — , to fall asleep.
enfance,/., infancy, childhood.
enfant, m, and/,, chUd, infant.
enfantillage, m,, childish be-
havior, childishness.
enfermer, to shut, shut in, shut
up; s' — , to lock oneself up,
seclude oneself.
enfiler, to slip on.
enfin, at last, after ail, in short,
to conclude.
enfoncer, to drive into, sink.
enfuir (s'), to run away, run off.
engendrer, to beget^ generate,
engender, breed.
engin, m., engine, machine, tool;
— s de pêche, fishing imple-
ments, fishing-gear.
enivrer, to inebriate, intoxicate;
s' — , to get intoxicated.
enlever, to take away, strip.
ennemi, m., enemy, foe.
ennui, m., ennui, weariness, vexation, ennuyer, to annoy; s' — , to be
wearied, hâve a tedious time
(of it), feel the time lie heavy
on one's hands.
ennuyeu-x, -se, tiresome, an-
noying.
enorgueillir, to make proud;
s' — , to grow proud.
enquérir (s'), to inquire.
enrager, to be mad; faire — ,
to madden.
enrichir, to enrich.
enseigner, to teach.
ensemble, together, at the same
time. [gross.
ensevelir, to bury, absorb, enensuite, after, afterwards.
entasser, to heap up, pile up,
accumulate.
entendre, to hear, listen, attend
(to); — la messe, to attend
mass.
entêté, -e, obstinate, stubbom.
entêter (s'), to become stubbom,
obstinate.
enti-er, -ère, entire, whole, complète i -èrement, entirely.
VOCABULARY
entourer, to enclose, surround;
entourés de rideaux, hung
with curtains.
entre, between, betwixt, among,
amongst; eux, among
them.
entre-bâillé, -e, ajar, half-open.
entr'-ouYrir, to open a Unie,
half open.
entrer, to enter, go in, penetrate.
entretenir, to support, keep.
entrevoir, to foresee.
envahir, to invade; envahie
par, filled with.
envelopper, to envelop, wrap
up; 8* — , to wrap oneself up,
mufHe oneself. [out.
envers, towards ; à 1' — , inside envie,/., wish, désire, longing.
envier, to envy.
environs, m, pl.^ neighborhood,
vicinity.
envoyer, to send, tran&mit, dispatch, épais, -se, thick.
épaissir, to thicken, become
thick.
épandre, to pour out, scatter,
spread about.
épanouir (s'), to brighten up.
épargne,/., saving, savings.
épargner, to spare.
épaule,/., shoulder.
épier, to. watch, look out for an
opportunity to do something.
épine,/., thom.
épingle, /., pin; être tiré à
quatre — s, to look as if one
had just corne out of a band-
box, to be very neat.
époque,/, time.
épouser, to marry.
épouvante,/, terror.
époux, fw., husband; — , //.,
husband and wife.
épreuve,/, trial, test, ordeal.
éprouver, to try, prove, put to
the test, expérience, feel.
épuisé, -e, exhausted, wom-out.
équarrir, to square.
équipage, m., carriage. érudit, fn,y scholar.
escabeau, m., footstool.
escadron, m., squadron.
escarcelle,/, purse.
espace, m., space.
espagnol, Spanish.
espèce,/, species, sort, kind.
espérance,/, hope, confidence.
espérer, to hope, hope for, ex-
pect.
espoir, m., hope.
esprit, m., spirit, soûl, genius;
ingeniousness, intellect, mind ;
disposition, sensé, motive; le
Saint Esprit, the Holy Ghost.
essayer, to try, attempt.
essieu, m., axle, axle-tree.
estimer, to estimate, présume,
judge; s' — , to esteem one
another, deem oneself.
étable,/, stable, cattle-shed.
étaler, to display, make a show
or parade of .
état, m.<t State, condition, profession, trade, business.
été, m., summer.
éteindre, to extinguish ; s' — , to
die away, die out.
étendre, to enlarge, extend.
étendue,/, extent.
étemel, -le, eternal.
étinceler, to sparkle, flash,
gleam, glitter.
étoffe,/, stuff, cloth.
étoile,/, star.
étonné, -e, astonished, startled.
étonnement, m., astonishment,
amazement, surprise.
étonner, to astonish, surprise;
s' — , to be astonished, wonder.
étrange, strange.
être, m., being.
être, to be, exist, stand, belong
to.
étroit, -e, narrow.
VOCABULARY
étui, M.) case, box.
ét3rmologiey /., etymology.
eux, them, they ; — mêmes, themselves.
évangile, m., Gospel.
événement, m., event.
éventail, m., fan.
évidemment, evidently, undeniably.
exactement, exactly, accurately.
exactitude, /., exactness, précision.
exalté, -e, exalted, feverish, elated.
examen, m., examination, investigation.
exemple, m., example; en — , as an example.
exiger, to require.
expérience, /., experiment.
expier, to expiate, atone for.
explication, /., explanation, interprétation.
expliquer, to explain.
exprimer, to express.
extase, /., ecstacy, rapture.
extérieur, -e, exterior, extemal, outward.
extraordinaire, extraordinary, unusual, singular.
fabriquer, to manufacture.
façade, /., front, frontage.
face,/., face; en — de, opposite ; — à — , face to face.
fâché, -e, angry, displeased.
facile, easy.
façon, /., form, way, manner.
façonner, to fashion, make, mold.
faible, feeble, weak, faint
faim, /., hunger; meurt de — , m., starviing; mourir de — , to starve.
faire, to make, cause, do, perform, say; — un métier, to
carry on a trade; — mal, to hurt; il fait beau (temps), it is fine weather ; il fait chaud, it is hot; qu'est-ce que cela fait? what does that matter?; qu'est-ce que cela vous fait?
what is that to you?; se — , to be made, get, take place.
faisceau, /»., cluster.
faix, m., weight, burden; plier . or fléchir sous le — , to sink under the weight.
falot, -e, funny, comical.
famille, /., family, relations.
fantaisie, /., imagination, f ancy.
fantôme, m., phantom, apparition, spectre.
farine, /., flour.
fatigue, /., fatigue, lassitude, weariness.
Faune, m., -sse, /., Faun.
faute, /., fault.
fauteuil, m., arm-chair.
fau-x, -sse, false, untrue, fictitious, mock, sham, pretended ; off the pitch, discordant.
fêlé, -e, cracked.
félicité, /., felicity, bliss, happiness.
femme, /., woman, wife.
fenêtre, /., window.
fente, /., crack, crevice, slit.
fer, m, y iron, sword.
ferme, /*., farm, farm-house.
fermenter, to ferment.
fermer, to shut, close.
fermette, /., small farm-house.
féroce, ferocious.
fêter, to celebrate.
fétide, fetid, rank, foui.
fétus de paille, bits of straw.
feu, m., fire.
feuillage, m., leaves, foliage.
fidèle, m, and f., faithful; les fidèles, believers, Christians.
fidèlement, faithfully, accurately-
fierté,/., pride, loftiness.
VOCABULARY
fièyre,/., fever, feverishness.
figue,/., fig.
figure,/., face, statue.
filer, to spin.
filet d'eau, m., small stream of
water.
fille,/., girl, maiden.
fillette, /., lass, little girl, little
maiden.
fils, m., son.
fin, /., end; à la — , at last, in
the long run, in the end.
fin, -e, fine, pure, shrewd.
finir, to finish, end.
fixé, -e, fixed.
flambant, -e, blazing. flamme,/., flame, blaze, fire.
flanc^ m.f flank, side.
flanquer, to flank.
fléchir, to give way, stagger.
fleur,/., flower.
fleuri, -e, florid.
flocon, m., flake.
foi,/, faith, belief.
foin, m.f hay.
fois, /., time; une — , once;
plusieurs — , several times ; à
la — , at the same time, at
once, both.
foison,/., plenty, abundance; à
— , plentifully, abundantly.
folie,/., madness, frenzy.
fonctionnement, m., operating,
working.
fond, m,, bottom, inside, further
end, most remote part, back-
ground ; à — , thoroughly ; au
— , in the main, in fact.
fondateur, m., founder.
fonder, to found, erect, build.
fondre, to melt ; se — , to melt.
fontaine,/., fountain, spring.
force,/., strength.
forêt,/., forest.
former, to form, make.
fort, -e, strong, stout, powerf ul,
very, very much.
fossé, m., ditch.
fouiller, to dig, search, rum-
mage.
foule, /., crowd, throng, multitude, fourmillement, m,, swarm,
throng.
fragilité,/., frailness.
frais, m., fraîche,/., fresh, ceci, fraîchement, recently.
frais, m. //., expenses.
frappé, -e, struck.
frêle, frail.
frêne, m., ash-tree, ash.
frère, m., brother, fellow-chris-
tian.
friandise,/., daintiness, dainty.
fricot, m., stew, grub.
froid, -e, cold.
fromage, m., cheese.
froncer, to knit, contract (the
brow); — les sourcils, to
look stemly.
front, m,f forehead.
fructifier, to f ructif y.
fruitier, f ruit-bearing ; arbre — ,
m,, fruit-tree.
fuir, to flee, escape, avoid.
fuite,/, flight.
fumer, to smoke.
funérailles,/.//., funeral.
furieusement, furiously.
futile, futile, frivolous, trifiing.
futur, -e, future.
gagner, to win.
gai, -e, cheerf ul ; -ement, gaily. cheerfuUy, heartily.
gaieté, /, gaiety, mirth, merriment, cheerfulness.
galopin, m.t street-urchin.
gantelé, gauntleted.
garçon, m., boy, lad, bachelor.
garde, m.t guard.
garder, to keep, préserve, reserve.
gargouille, /., gargoyle {"pro-
VOCABULARY
jecHng spout of a roof gutter,
ojten groUsquely carz/gd.**) gars, m,f lad.
gauche,/., left-hand, left side.
gênant, -e, troublesome.
genou, m., knee, lap ; être à — x,
to be kneeling.
gens, m. pL, people, persons;
— de peu, humble people; —
d'église, churchmen.
geste, m,f gesture.
gilet, m.f waistcoat. glace, -e, frozen, icy-cold; —
d'argent, silver-coated, fleck-
ed with silver, shining like
silver.
glisser, to slip, slip in; se — , to
creep into, steal in.
gloire, /., glory, splendor;
vaine — , vainglory, conceit.
gonfler, to swell.
gourd, -e, benumbed, stiff with
cola, goût, m., taste, manner.
goûter, to taste, like, enjoy.
goutte,/., drop, gouyernante, /., govemess,
housekeeper (of a single man).
grabat, m,, pallet, paltry bed.
grâce,/., grâce, goodness, kind-
ness, fayor, pardon, mercy;
taire — , to forgive or pardon, grand, m., grandee, nobleman ;
les — s, thegreat, great people.
grand, -e, large, wide, buge,
grown-up; Grand'Rue, Main
Street, grandissant, -e, growing, in-
creasing.
grange,/., bam, shed.
granit, m., granité, gras, -se, fat, fleshy.
gratter, to scratch, scrape.
grave, heavy, grave, solemn,
serions ; -ment, gravely, seri-
ously.
graver, to engrave.
grès, m,, sandstone.
grimper, to climb.
gris, -e, gray, grey.
gronder, to scold.
gros, -se, big, bulky, coarse.
grossièreté,/., grossness, coarse-
ness, vulgarity.
grossir, to increase.
guenillon, m., little rag.
guère, little, but little, scarcely.
guérir, to cure, heal.
guérison,/., recovery.
guerre,/., war.
guetter, to lie in wait (for), be '
upon the watch (for), gueusaille, /., low set, rabble,
rifîraff.
gueux, m,, ragamuffin.
habiller, to dress, clothe; s' — ,
to dress oneself, buy clothes.
habit, m.y habit, dress, garment,
garb, clothes, coat.
habitant, m., inhabitant, habiter, to inhabit, live in.
habitude,/., habit, custom, use,
wont.
haie,/., hedge, fence.
haillon, m., rag, tatter ; couvert
de — s, in rags.
haine,/, hatred, hâte, haïr, to hâte, abhor, loathe.
haleine,/., breath.
hameau, m., hamlet harceler, to torment, tease.
hardes, /.//., clothes.
hardiesse,/., boldness, fearless-
ness.
hasard, m., chance, hâte,/., haste, speed.
hausser les épaules, to shrug
one's shoulders.
haut, m., height, top.
haut, -e, high, elevated, loud.
hébraïque, Hebraic; langue — ,
/., Hebrew language.
lela
hélas 1 alasl ahl
vck:abulary
ft
herbe,/., herb.
hérétique, m., heretic.
hérisser, to bristle.
hésiter, to hesitate.
heure,/., hour, time of the day,
moment; à la bonne—, well
and good.
heureu-x, -se, happy ; -cernent,
fortunately.
heurter, to run against.
histoire, /., history, taie, story.
hiver, iw., winter; l'autre — ,
the winter before.
homme, m., man, manklnd.
honnête, honest, upright.
honneur, m., bonor.
honte,/., shame ; faire — à qn.,
to make one ashamed.
honteu-x, -se, shameful, dis-
graceful, ashamed, bashful,
shy.
hors, out
hospice, m.j hospital.
hostile, hostile, averse, hôtel, m.f hôtel, mansion.
humain, -e, human.
humble, humble, lowly, meek.
humeur, /., humor; — égale,
even disposition. humilier, to humiliate, humble, humilité,/., humility. ■ hutte,/., but.
hyacinthe,/., hyacinth.
iblscus, hibiscus, (a beautiful red
ici, hère, hither, in this place;
— bas, hère below.
idée,/, idea, opinion.
Ue,/., island, isle.
illumination,//^., divine light.
illuminer, to iJuminate.
illustre, illustrions, eminent.
imagier, m., image-maker.
imaginer, to imagine, devise.
imiter, to imitate, resemble.
immaculé, -e, immaculate, spot
less.
immense, boundless, infinité, immérité, -e, undeserved, un-
merited.
immobile, immovable, motion-
less.
impérieu-x, -se, imperious,
domineering.
impiété, /., ungodliness, wick-
edness.
importer, to import, be of conséquence, impôt, m., tax ; loyer un — , to
levy a tax.
impotent, impotent, infirm,
weak.
impressionner, to impress, make
an impression, imprévu, -e, unezpected.
improviste ; à V — , unawares.
inaccoutumé, -e, unaccustomed,
unusual.
inachevé, -e, unfinished.
inaperçu, -e, unperceiyed, un-
observed.
incliner, to incline, slope; s' — ^
to stoop, bow, bend.
inconnu, -e, unknown.
incroyable, incredible.
index, m., index, fore-finger.
indigent, -e, indigent, poor»
needy.
indigne, unworthy, undeserv-
ing.
indulgence, /., indulgence, for-
bearance.
indulgent, -e, indulgent, lenient»
kind.
inépuisable, inexhaustible.
infini, -e, infinité, boundless.
infirme, infirm, feeble.
informer (s')» to make inquiries.
ingrat, -e, ungratef ul.
injustice, /., wrong, act of injustice.
innombrable, innumerable.
inouï, -e, unheard of.
inqui-et, -ète, uneasy, restless.
insistance, /., insistence, persis-
tence.
instant, m., instant, moment.
instantané, -e, instantaneous.
instantanément, instantaneous-
instruire, to instruct, teach.
insupportable, intolera^ble, in-
sufferable.
intelligence, /., understanding,
intellect, harmony.
intendant, m., steward, intéresser (s'), to take an in-
terest in.
intérieur, -e, interior, inner, in-
ward.
interroger, to question, intime, intimate, inmost.
inutile, useless, f ruitless.
inyincible, invincible, irrésistible, invraisemblable, improbable, irréelle, unreal.
irréparable, irréparable, irre-
trievable.
irriter, to irritate, exasperate,
provoke; s' — , to be angry,
provoke.
jalousie,/., jealousy.
jamais, ever, never.
jambe,/., leg.
jardin, m,, garden.
jardinier, m,, gardener.
jaune, yellow, sallow.
jeter, to throw, cast, hurl, fling.
jeu, m., play, game.
jeune, young, youthful.
jeûner, to fast.
joie, /., joy.
joignant, p. p. of joindre.
joindre, to join, put together.
joint, -e, added.
joli, -e, pretty, nice, pleasing.
jongler, to juggle.
joue, /., cheek.
jouer, to play, moye.
jouir, to enjoy.
jour, m., day, dayllght, day time ;
tous les — s, every day. joyau, m., jewel.
joyeu-x, -se, joyful, joyous.
juger, to judge; se — , to deem,
think oneself.
jui-f, »»., -ve, /., Jew, Jewess.
jupe, /., skirt.
jupon, fn.y petticoat.
jurer, to swear, vow.
jusque, until, till, to, as far as,
even; jusqu'à ce que, until,
till.
juste, 0f., upright man, virtuous
man ; le juste,- the jus t.
juste, just, right; -ment, exact-
ly, precisely.
là, there, thither, then, yonder;
— bas, down there, vonder;
par — , that way, by that.
laboureur, m., tiller, husband-
man, farmer.
lac, m., lake.
lâcheté, /., cowardice, act of
cowardice.
laid, -e, ugly, naughty, ill-
shaped, ill-looking.
laideur, /., ugliness.
laine, /., wool, worsted.
laisser, to leave, let, allow ; —
dire qn., to let one talk.
lait, m., milk; sœur de — ,
foster sister.
langue, /., tongue, language.
laquelle, see lequel, large, large, wide, broad, great.
larme, /., tear.
lasser, to tire, weary.
lavage, m., washing.
lavé, -e, washed; la plus mal
lavée, the most carelessly
washed.
VOCABULARY
laver, to wash, clean, bathe.
lécher, to lick.
leçon, /., lesson.
lecture, /., reading.
léger, -ère, light, not heavy.
légitime, legitimate, lawf uf.
lendemain, m., morrow, next
day, day after, foUowing day.
lent, -e, slow, tardy, sluggish,
slack; -ement, slowly, tardi> lépreu-x, m,f -se, /., leper. [ly.
lequel, m., laquelle, /. (pL,
lesquels, lesquelles), who,
whom, thati which, which
one?
lettre,/., letter; homme de — s,
man of letters, literary man.
leur, their, to them, them.
leyer, to lift ; se — , to get up,
rise, start up.
lèvre,/., lip.
liberté,/., liberty, f reedom, freelibre, free, unrestrained. [will.
lier, to bind, link, connect.
lieu, m., place.
lieue, /., league == 2| English
miles ; petite — , short league.
ligne,/., line.
lin, m,f flax.
linge, m., linen, cloth.
liqueur,/., spirits, liquor; — de
maïs, com whiskey.
lire, to read.
lit, m., bed.
litière,/., litter, stable-litter.
livide, livid, discolored.
