il := /^ catiot

Pag'e 63. — i. The origin of the word maringouin is not quite certain, though the récent Dictionnaire général de la langue française by Hatzfeld and Darmesteter traces it to a South American source. It was a common word in the seventeenth century (admitted by the Academy in 17 18) and was used by almost every French explorer and missionary of that period in descriptions of life in the New World. Doubtless the word became at that time part of the language of Canada where it still survives, although now practically obsolescent in France.

Page 64. — i. The population of this cité naissante, as de Tocqueville mentions farther on, was at that time thirty people; now it is 55,000. The city is 100 miles northwest of Détroit and about eighteen miles from Saginaw Bay at the head of the navigation of the Saginaw River.

2. des bœufs regagnant d'eux-mêmes le labour, some oxen returnittg of themselves to the plow-lot.

Page 60. — I. De Tocqueville was a Catholic, and he is hère

speaking from the standpoint of the Catholic Church, which regards baptism as necessary to salvatiori. In isolated communities, where no priest is available, the rite of baptism may be performed by auy layman.

2. Tantôt ce sera un Indien qui, etc. This paragraph explains the foregoing, by illustrating the ways in which the news of civilization reaches the remote parts of the wildemess.

Pag'e 66. — i. De Tocqueville is not quite correct hère in the form tous^ which ought logically to agrée with natio7is, the subject of the sentence. The error arises from including comme les individus as part of the subject.

Page 67. — i. couche à l'affût, freely, sleeps ivith one eye open.

2. On ne lui voit ni femme ni enfants, he has nothing to do with wife or children.

3. se sentirait naturellement l'humeur casanière, ivould naturally feel the home-making instinct.

Page 68. — i. De Tocqueville in his whole discussion hère has not at ail exaggerated the marvelous way in which the French were able to adapt themselves to the picturesque life of the wilderness.

2. The Yankee has ever been noted for a tendency to disputation and debate.