cet abandon, ' this faithlessness

.. 9. ces quatre chefs, i.e. Hugh of Vermandois, Robert of Normandy, Robert of Flanders, and Stephen. They made their way through Italy, and were po^\•erfulIy reinforced by the Normans of South Italy.

,, 12. équipages de guerre, ' war materials ' ; zin équipage is — (i) a train of horses, servants, carriages.

(2) a grand carriage.

(3) the crew of a ship.

,, 15. Lucques, i.e. Lucca, in the north of Tuscany.

,, 21. saint Pierre et saint Paul : St. Peter and St. Paul were both martyred at Rome about a.d. 64, and they are supposed to hâve been buried under what is to-day St. Peter's Church at Rome.

,, 25. la Pouille : Apulia, in south-east of Italy.

,, 26. Bari : an Italian seaport on the Adriatic, off the coast of Apulia • in old time, as now, celebrated for its fisheries ; cf Horace, Bari viocnia piscosi.

28. 2. Bohémond, the eldest son of the Norman Robert Guiscard,

or Robert the Cunning, who, with other Norman warriors, had left the castle of Hauteville in Normand}-; and corne to Italy with the hope of plunder about 1045.

,, 6. Calabre : Calabria, in the south-w-est extremity of Italy.

, , 7. Robert Guiscard, onc of the twelve famous sons of Tancred of Hauteville, Duke of Calabria and Apulia 1056-85. In 108 1 he set sail from Brundusium with 150 ships and 30,000 men to invade the territories of the Greek Emperor. In 1085 he started again, but met his death in the attempt. He also founded the Norman dynasty of Sicily.

Notes 119

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