IÔ
la bête, animal.
le beuglement, lowing.
la bibliothèque, library.
bien, well, indeed, quite, very; — que, although; eh — , well! le bien, property, estate, comfort; marchand de — s, real-estate agent; — s au soleil, real estate.
bien-aimé, well-beloved, dearly loved.
bientôt, soon; à — , good-by (for a short time).
la bienvenue, welcome, le billet, bill, bank-bill, le bivouac, bivouac.
blan-c, -che, white.
blanchissant, whitening, le blé, wheat.
blême, pale.
blesser, to wound, to make sore, la blessure, wound.
bleu, blue.
bleuâtre, bluish.
bleuir, to grow blue.
blond, blond, golden, fair.
se blottir, to crouch, to settle down, la blouse, blouse, le bœuf (beef), ox.
boire, to drink, le bois, wood, woods.
boisé, wooded, la boîte, box.
la bombe, bomb.
bombé, prominent, full.
bon, -ne, good, pleasant, comfortable; de si — cœur, so heartily; bonne bouche, dainty morsel, tid-bit.
le bonheur, happiness, pleasure, le bonhomme, good fellow, simple fellow.
le bonjour, good-day.
bonnement; tout —, simply, innocently, la bonté, kindness, le bord, edge, sill, rim.
Bordeaux, Bordeaux, le bordeaux, Bordeaux wine, border, to border, to line, la borderie, little farm.
la bordure, border, frame, se borner, to end in, to confine oneself, to content oneself.
la bouche, mouth; bonne — , dainty morsel, best thing of all.
la boucle, buckle, curl, la bouffée, puff, gush.
bouger, to budge, to stir, to move, la bougie, candle, bouillir, to boil.
le bouillonnement, bubbling, murmuring.
bouillonner, to bubble, to gush,
to well.
bouleversé, upset, distracted, le bouquet, bouquet, cluster, clump; the best thing of all.
bourdonnant, buzzing, le bourdonnement, humming, singing.
bourdonner, to hum, to buzz, le bourg, market village.
le bourgeois, townsman, citizen, plain man, gentleman; — campagnard, country gentleman.
la bourgeoisie, middle class; petite — , lower middle class, la bourrée, country dance.
bourrer, to ram. le bout, end; au — de, after; venir à — , to succeed.
VOCABULAIRE
le boute-en-train, moving spirit,
"live wire." la bouteille, bottle, le bouton, bud.
la boutonnière, button-hole, la branche, branch, la brande, moor, le bras, arm; à — le corps,
around the waist, la brebis, sheep.
bref, brève, short, quick, le bréviaire, prayer-book, la bride, bridle; tourner — , to
turn back, le bridon, bridle with snafflebit.
brillant, sparkling.
briller, to sparkle, to shine.
la brise, breeze.
briser, to break; se — , to be crushed, le brouhaha, uproar, hubbub.
le brouillard, fog.
bruire, to murmur, to babble, le bruissement, rustling, murmur, noise, hum.
le bruit, noise, la brume, fog, mist.
brun, brown, dark. brunir, to brown, to tan, to
grow brown or tan.
brusque, abrupt, sudden.
brusquement, abruptly, suddenly, la brusquerie, blunt speech, tactless speech.
brutal, brutal, coarse.
bruyamment, noisily.
bruyant, noisy.
la bruyère, heather; les — s,
stretches of heather, le bureau, office; — de poste,
post-office, le but, aim, object, point, le buveur, drinker.
ça, this, that.
çà; — et là, here and there.
le cabaret, tavern, wine-shop.
le cabinet, little room.
le cabriolet, gig.
cacher, to hide.
cacheter, to seal.
la cachette, hiding-place; en — , secretly.
le cadavre, corpse, dead body.
le cadeau, present, gift.
la cadence, cadence, time, rhythm.
le cadre, frame.
le cahier, exercise-book.
la caille, quail.
le califourchon, hobby; à — , astride, câlin, coaxing, wheedling.
le calme, calm, quiet.
calme, quiet, calm.
calmer, to calm.
le calvaire, cross.
le camarade, comrade, companion.
la camarade, comrade, companion.
le camp, camp; aide de — , aide-de-camp.
le campagnard, countryman.
campagnard, country, rustic; accustomed to the country; bourgeois — , country gentleman.
la campagne, country, fields.
le canon, cannon.
le cantique, canticle, song.
la cape, cloak.
la capeline, hood.
le capitaine, captain.
la capitale, capital.
le caporal, corporal.
la capote, hood (top of carriage).
capricieusement, whimsically;
haphazard, capricieu-x, -se, capricious,
whimsical, freakish.
car, for.
le caractère, character.
la caresse, caress.
caresser, to caress, le carnier, game-bag.
le carré, square, la carte, map.
le cas, case, la cascade, cascade.
casser, to break; — bras et jambes, to disable; to astound, la cathédrale, cathedral.
la cause, case; à — de, because of.
causer, to cause; to talk, to chat, la causerie, talk, chat, la cavalerie, cavalry.
ce, c1, this, that, it, they,
these, those, he, she.
ce, cet, cette, ces, this, that;
these, those.
céder, to yield, to let have.
cela, that, this. célèbre, celebrated.
le célibataire, unmarried man.
la cellule, cell, room.
celui, celle, the one, that.
cent, hundred, le centre, center.
centuple, hundredfold, le cep, vine-stock.
cependant, in the meanwhile, moreover, however, yet.
le cercle, circle, range.
la cérémonie, ceremony; en — ,
ceremoniously, la cerise, cherry.
certainement, certainly.
certes, certainly.
la cesse, cessation, rest; sans — , incessantly.
cesser, to cease, to stop, chacun, each one.
le chagrin, grief, la chair, flesh, la chaire, pulpit, preaching; en
— , in or from the pulpit, la chaise, chair, le châle, shawl.
la chambre, room; — d'ami,
guest-chamber, le champ, field; les — s, country, la chandelle, candle, le changement, change.
changer, to change, la chanson, song, le chant, singing, song; — de départ, parting song. chanter, to sing, to crow, to be heard, le chapeau, hat.
la chapelle, chapel.
chaque, each, every, le char, wagon; — à bancs, pleasure-carriage, chargé, laden with, burdened
with.
charger, to load; se — , to take upon one's self.
le chariot, cart.
charmant, charming, engaging, le charme, charm.
charmer, to charm, to please, le charpentier, carpenter.
charreti-er, -ère, for carts; porte — , wagon-gate, la charrette, cart, la chasse, chase, hunt, hunting.
chasser, to hunt, le chasseur, hunter, le châtaignier, chestnut-tree, châtain, chestnut, auburn, le château, castle.
VOCABULAIRE
chaud, warm, le chaume, stubble, le chef, head, leader, officer, le chef-lieu, chief city of a department, le chemin, road, way; — de fer, railroad; par voies et par — s, on the go.
la cheminée, fireplace.
cheminer, to make one's way, to hold one's way.
la chênaie, oak grove, le chêne, oak-tree.
cher, chère, dear, le Cher (département du), a department in France.
chercher, to seek, to look for.
chérir, to hold dear, to cherish.
chéti-f, -ve, mean, puny, insignificant.
le cheval, horse, le chevet, pillow, bedside, le cheveu, hair, le chèvrefeuille, honeysuckle.
chez, at or to the house of.
le chien, dog.
chimérique, chimerical, quixotic, le choc, shock, collision, le chœur, choir.
choir, to fall.
choisir, to choose, le choix, choice, la chose, thing, property.
choyer, to fondle, to caress.
chut, hush !
la chute, fall, le ciel, sky, heaven, la cigarette, cigarette, la cime, top, summit.
cinq, five, la circonstance, circumstance, la circulaire, circular.
circuler, to circulate, la cire, wax.
ciré, waxed; toile — e, oilcloth, la civilisation, civilization.
clair, clear; — de lune, moonlight, le clairon, bugle, trumpet.
claquer, to crack; faire — , to crack, la clarté, brightness, light, la classe, class.
classer, to classify, la clématite, clematis, le clin, wink; en un — d'œil, in the twinkling of an eye, quicker than you could say Jack Robinson, la cloche, bell, la clochette, little bell, le cloître, cloister, le clos, enclosure, yard.
clos, closed; à la nuit — e, after dark, la closerie, little farm, le closier, farmer, la closière, farmer's wife, le cœur, heart; avoir le — gros, to be brokenhearted; de si bon — , so heartily.
coiffé, having a head-dress.
coiffer, to put on the head; — sainte Catherine, to become an old maid; se — , to dress one's hair. le coin, corner, la colère, wrath, rage, anger, la collection, collection, la colline, hill.
coloré, colored, flushed, le colosse, colossus.
combien, how much; — peu, how very little, la comédie, comedy.
comiquement, comically, le commandement, command.
comme, as, like, as though, as though it were, something like, how.
commencer, to begin.
comment, how.
le commerçant, merchant,
trader, le commerce, commerce, business.
commun, common; maison — e, town hall, la communion, communion.
communiquer, to communicate, to tell, la compagnie, company, le compagnon, companion, la comparaison, comparison.
comparer, to compare, la compassion, compassion, pity, la compensation, compensation,
reward, la complainte, popular song upon a religious or tragic subject.
se complaire, to take pleasure
in, to delight in.
compl-et, -ète, complete; à la nuit — complète, after dark.
complètement, entirely, fully.
complexe, complex.
le compliment, compliment, la composition, composition.
comprendre, to understand, la compresse, compress.
le compte, account; — rendu, account; rendre — , to report; se rendre — , to make out, to understand, to realize, compter, to count, to intend, to consider, to estimate, to expect.
condamner, to condemn.
la condescendance, condescension.
conditionnel, -le, conditional, la condoléance, condolence, le conducteur, conductor.
conduire, to conduct, to lead,
to drive.
confesser, to confess, to admit, la confidence, confidence.
confidentiel, -le, confidential.
confier, to entrust, le confrère, colleague, professional brother.
confus, confused. le congé, leave.
conjuguer, to conjugate, la connaissance, acquaintance.
connaître, to know.
connu, known.
consacrer, to devote, to consecrate, la conscience, conscience, le conseil, counsel, le consentement, consent.
consentir, to consent, la conséquence, consequence; en — , accordingly.
considérer, to consider, to
watch, consister, to consist; — en, to consist of.
la consolation, consolation.
consoler, to console.
constamment, constantly.
constater, to ascertain, to prove, la consternation, consternation.
consulter, to consult.
le conte, story, tale, le contemplateur, contemplator.
contemplati-f, -ve, contemplative, reflective.
contempler, to contemplate,
to look at.
contenir, to contain, to hold, to hold in.
VOCABULAIRE
content, glad, happy, satisfied.
contenter, to satisfy, to indulge.
conter, to tell, to relate.
continuer, to continue.
contraindre, to force.
contraint, constrained, unnatural, la contrainte, constraint, le contraire, contrary, opposite; au — , on the contrary.
contrairement, contrary, le contraste, contrast.
contraster, to contrast.
contre, against.
contre-cœur; à — , reluctantly, la contredanse, square dance, quadrille.
contre-mesure; à — , out of time, le contrevent, shutter.
convenable, proper, becoming.
convenir, to agree, to suit, la conversation, conversation, le convié, guest, le convive, table companion,
guest, le convoi, train, le coq, cock, rooster, la coque, shell, husk.
cordial, cordial, hearty, la cornemuse, bagpipe, le cornemuseux, bagpiper, le corps, body; — d'armée, army corps; à leur — défendant, reluctantly, in their own defense; à bras le — , round the waist.
correct, correct. correspondre, to correspond, la corvée, statute labor, public
service, la côte, side, hillside.
le côté, side, quarter; à —, aside, near by; à — de, beside; de — , aside, one side; du — de, in the direction of; de son — , for his or her part.
le coteau, hillside, hill.
côtoyer, to coast, to pass alongside.
le cou, neck.
le couchant, setting sun.
coucher, to put to bed, to sleep, to lie down, to go to bed; to set (of sun).
couler, to flow, to run, to strain.
la couleur, color; verre de — , colored lantern.
le coup, blow; tout à — , suddenly; — double, double shot; — de fusil, gun shot; — de fouet, crack of the whip.
la coupe, cup.
le couple, couple, pair.
le couplet, couplet, stanza, verse.
la cour, court, yard.
le courage, courage.
courageu-x, -se, courageous.
le coureur, runner; — de dot, fortune-hunter.
courir, to run, to rove, to be
current.
couronné, crowned.
le cours, course.
la course, excursion, trip; pace, walk, court, short; être à — de, to
lack, court, short, abruptly.
le cousin, cousin.
la cousine, cousin.
la coutume, custom; de — , usually.
le couvent, convent.
le couvert, table-cloth and covers (plate, spoon, knife, fork, glass, and napkin).
couvrir, to cover.
craindre, to fear, la crainte, fear.
crainti-f, -ve, fearful.
cramoisi, crimson, red.
le créneau, battlement, le crépuscule, twilight.
creu-x, -se, hollow, sunken, le cri, cry, crying.
cribler, to riddle.
crier, to cry, to make a noise, la Crimée, Crimea.
cristallin, crystalline, clear.
croire, to believe, la croisade, crusade.
croisé, crossed, la croisée, window, casement.
croissant, growing, increasing.
croître, to grow, to increase, la croix, cross, la crosse, butt.
cru, crude, raw; monter à — , to ride bareback.
cueillir, to pick, to gather, la cuisine, kitchen, le cultivateur, farmer.
cultiver, to cultivate, la cure, parish, parsonage, le curé, parish priest, priest.
curieu-x, -se, curious, odd, inquisitive.
la dame, lady, le danger, danger.
dans, in, into, within, la danse, dance.
danser, to dance, le danseur, dancer, partner.
la danseuse, dancer.
dater, to date; à — de, from.
davantage, more.
de, of, from, by, with, about, for, over, on, according to; than, in.
débarrasser, to rid, to get rid of, to get free from, le débiteur, debtor.
déborder, to overflow.
debout, upright, standing up.
le débris, fragment, piece, le début, beginning, first appearance.
la déception, deception, disappointment.
déchiqueté, jagged; feuille — e, jagged leaf, le déchirement, anguish, pang.
déchirer, to tear, la déchirure, rent, tear, scratch.
décidé, decided, la déclaration, declaration.
déclarer, to declare, make
known.
déconcerter, to disconcert.
découpé, cut out, defined, cut off.
la découpure, cutting out, pattern, figure.
découvert, in full sight, uncovered, découvrir, to discover, décrire, to describe.
dédaigner, to disdain.
dedans, within.
défaire, to unmake, le défaut, fault; à — de, in default of; for want of.
défendre, to defend, to forbid; à corps défendant, reluctantly.
défendu, forbidden, la déférence, deference, respect, se défier, to distrust, défini, definite, la définition, definition.
VOCABULAIRE
se défroquer, to unfrock one's self; to leave the priesthood, dehors, out of doors.
déjà, already, le déjeuner, breakfast, lunch.
delà, beyond; par — , beyond.
délaisser, to leave, to forsake.
délicat, delicate, slender.
délicieusement, deliciously.
délicieu-x, -se, delicious, delightful, le délire, delirium.
délivrer, to deliver.
demain, to-morrow.
demander, to ask, to ask for; se — , to wonder, la démarche, step, advance, proceeding, measure; faire une — , to take a step.
démêler, to distinguish, to discover, la demeure, dwelling.
demeurer, to remain, to be.
demi, half; à — , half.
demi-éclairé, half-lighted.
demi-enjoué, half-playful.
demi-heure, half-hour.
demi-mystérieu-x, -se, halfmysterious.
demi-obscur, half-dark.
demi-plein, half-full, la démission, resignation; donner sa — , to tender one's resignation.
demi-voix, à — , in an undertone, le démon, demon, la dénégation, denial.
dénoué, unfastened, la dent, tooth, la dentelle, lace, le départ, departure, leaving; chant de — , parting song.
le département, department; les —s de la France, the departments of France.
dépasser, to rise above, to be taller than.
le dépit, spite; en — de, in spite of.
déplaire, displease.
déposer, to lay down, to lay aside, to place, to give.
depuis, since, for; — que, since.
derni-er, -ère, last, lowest.
dérobé, stolen; à la — e, on the sly, stealthily.
derrière, behind, back of.
dès, from, at, as early as, dating from; — à présent, from this time on.
désabuser, to undeceive.
se désaltérer, to quench one's thirst.
désappointé, disappointed.
descendre, to descend, to go downstairs.
désespérer, to despair, to become hopeless.
désinviter, to recall an invitation.
désirer, to desire.
se désoler, to lament, to grieve, to be disconsolate.
désordonné, irregular, disordered, le désordre, disorder, confusion.
désorienté, off the track, bewildered.
désormais, henceforth.
despote, despotic, le dessert, dessert.
dessiller, to open (of eyes»).
dessiner, to design, to mark.
dessous, under; en — , down.
dessus, on, upon, above; prendre le — , to gain the upper hand.
destiné, destined (for), la destinée, destiny.
détacher, to detach, to pluck, to loosen; se — , to stand out, to unfasten, to fall, le détail, detail.
dételer, to unhitch, la détente, trigger; lâcher la — , to pull the trigger.
détourner, to turn aside, la dette, debt.
deux, two.
devancer, to go ahead of, to
outrun, devant, before, in front of; aller au — de, to go to meet; siège de — , front seat, le développement, development, growth.
devenir, to become, dévier, to deviate, to wander.
deviner, to guess, to find out, to conjecture, la devise, motto.
devoir, to owe, to feel obliged to, must, ought, to be to, should, le dévouement, devotion, selfdenial, zeal, dévouer, to devote, dévoyé, misled, la diane, daylight call; air de la — , reveille.
dieter, to dictate, le Dieu, God.
la différence, difference, le différend, dispute, quarrel, différent, different.
difficile, difficult, le dimanche, Sunday.
diminuer, to diminish.
dire, to say, to tell, to bespeak; se — , to be said, to be told.
direct, direct, in a straight line, la direction, direction.
diriger, to direct; se — , to proceed, to take one's way.
la discipline, discipline, le discoureur, talker.
discourir, to discourse, to talk.
discrètement, discreetly.
discuter, to discuss.
disloquer, to put out of order.
disparaître, to disappear.
disposer, to dispose, to arrange, disputer, to dispute.
disséminer, to disseminate, to scatter.
la dissertation, dissertation, discussion, la distance, distance; de — en — , at intervals.
distinct, distinct.
distinguer, to distinguish; to single out.
la distraction, diversion, absence of mind, distraction.
distrait, distracted, absentminded.
distribuer, to distribute, dix, ten.
dix-huit, eighteen.
dix-sept, seventeen, la dizaine, about ten.
le doigt, finger.
le domaine, domain, property, le domestique, servant, la domestique, domestic, servant.
dominer, to dominate, to command.
le dommage, harm, pity; c'est — ! it's a shame! it's too bad!
VOCABULAIRE
le don, gift.
donc, then, therefore.
donner, to give.
dont, of which, of whom,
whose, with which.
doré, gilded, golden.
dormir, to sleep, le dormoir, sleeping-pen (for
cattle), le dos, back; au — , on his back, le dossier, back (of a seat), la dot, dowry; coureur de — , fortune-hunter.
double, double; coup — ,
double shot.
doucement, gently, softly, sweetly, deliciously.
la douceur, softness, sweetness,
mildness, la douleur, sorrow, pain, le doute, doubt.
douter, to doubt; se — , to
suspect, to distrust.
dou-x, -ce, sweet, pleasant, gentle, soft; new (of wine).
douze, twelve, le doyen, dean, le drap, cloth.
dresser, to raise, to lift up, to stick up; se — , to stand up.
le droit, the right.
droit, right; à — e, on the right; straight; direct, le drôle, rogue, rascal.
durant, during.
durer, to last.
l'eau,/., water.
ébahi, amazed, aghast.
ébloui, dazzled, astounded, ébranler, to shake, to unsettle.
écarquillé, wide open, un écart, step aside; faire un — , to shy.
ecclésiastique, ecclesiastical,
clerical. échanger, to exchange.
échapper, to escape; s' — , to
escape, échelonné, placed like rungs in a ladder, arranged in rows; placed at intervals.
s'éclaircir, to grow thin, to brighten, to become clear.
éclairer, to light, to light up.
un éclat, burst, flash, outburst, roar, brilliancy; — s de voix, shouts; rire aux — s, to burst into laughter.
éclater, to burst, to explode, to blaze out; to break out.
une écluse, sluice.
s'écouler, to slip by, pass to
(of time).
écouter, to listen to, to hear.
s'écrier, to exclaim.
écrire, to write.
l'Écriture,/., Scripture, un écroulement, collapse, sinking, un écureuil, squirrel, une écurie, stable, une éducation, education.
effacer, to efface; s' — , to become obliterated, to disappear; to stand aside.
effaré, bewildered, frightened.
effaroucher, to startle; s' — , to get frightened, un effet, effect; en — , in fact, really, effleurer, to graze, to touch.
effondrer, to cave in.
s'efforcer, to try.
un effort, effort.
effrayé, frightened.
s'effrayer, to become frightened, to become alarmed, un effroi, fright, dismay.
égal, equal, the same.
également, equally, un égard, regard; à 1' — de, in regard to.
égayer, to make gay, to enliven, une église, church.
eh, well ! eh bien, well !
élancé, slender.
s'élancer, to spring, to charge, to start off.
un élève, pupil.
élever, to bring up; s' — , to rise, un éleveur, breeder.
elle, she, her.
elle-même, herself.
éloigné, distant, far off.
un éloignement, distance.
éloigner, to dismiss, to drive away, un embarras, embarrassment.
embarrassé, embarrassed.
embaumer, to perfume, to scent, to make fragrant, un emblème, emblem.
embrasser, to embrace, to kiss; s' — , to kiss each other; se tenir embrassés, to embrace each other for a long time.
s'embrouiller, to get mixed up, confused.
émerveillé, agreeably surprised, astonished, amazed.
émigrer, to emigrate, to migrate.
emmener, to take along, to take away, to lead away, une émotion, emotion, feeling, agitation.
émouvoir, to move.
s'emparer, to seize, to take
possession of.
empêcher, to prevent, un empire, empire; pour un — , for anything in the world.
emplir, to fill, un employé, clerk.
employer, to employ, to use.
emplumé, feathered, fledged, un emportement, passion, violence, emporter, to carry away, to carry off; 1' — , to win; s' — , to get beyond control; to run away.
emprisonner, to imprison, ému, moved, agitated, broken
(of voice).
en, of or from him, her, it, that, them; about it, away, thence; some, any.
en, in, into, to, by.
un en-avant, dash, animation.
encapuchonné, hooded, muffled.
l'encens, w., incense, un enclos, inclosure, yard, une encolure, curve of horse's neck; style.
encombré, encumbered, obstructed.
encore, yet, still, again; —
une fois, once more, endenté, supplied with teeth; bien — , with a good appetite.
endimanché, in Sunday
clothes.
s'endormir, to fall asleep, un endroit, place, une énergie, energy.
énergique, energetic, vigorous, spirited.
énergiquement, energetically, une enfance, childhood, un enfant, child.
VOCABULAIRE
enfermer, to shut in, to inclose; s' — à double tour, to lock one's self in, turning the key twice (as usual with French locks).
enfiévré, feverish, excited.
enfin, at last, finally; in short.
enfoncer, to sink, to bury, to thrust; s' — , to plunge into, to be buried, to be lost to view.
s'enfuir, to flee, to run away, un engagement, enlistment.
engager, to pledge; s' — , to enter, to enlist.
enguirlander, to wreathe, to surround.
s'enhardir, to become bold.
enivrant, intoxicating.
enivré, intoxicated, elated, enraptured, un enivrement, intoxication, ecstasy.
enjoué, lively.
enlever, to carry off, to steal from, to sweep away.
un ennui, tedium, trouble, boredom, weariness of spirit, regret, sorrow.
s'ennuyer, to weary one's self; to be bored.
énorme, enormous.
s'enrôler, to enroll one's self, to enlist.
ensanglanté, blood-stained.
ensemble, together.
ensommeillé, drowsy.
ensuite, then, afterwards.
entendre, to hear, to understand; faire — , to cause to be heard; s' — , to understand each other; donner à — , to hint, un enterrement, burial.
enterrer, to bury.
entêté, obstinate, un enthousiasme, enthusiasm.
enthousiasmé, enthusiastic, enraptured.
enti-er, -ère, entire, whole; tout —, in full strength, all through.
entonner, to begin to sing, to start up.
un entour, surroundings, neighborhood.
entourer, to surround, un entrain, enthusiasm, zest.
entraîner, to lead away.
s'entr'appeler, to shout to one another.
entre, between, among.
s'entre-bâiller, to open half way.
entrecouper, to interrupt.
un entre-croisement, interlacing.
une entrée, entrance; porte d' —
front door, les entrefaites, /. pi., sur ces — , meanwhile.
entrelacer, to interlace, to weave together.
s'entremêler, to intermingle.
entrer, to enter, to go into.
s'entretenir, to talk, to commune, un entretien, talk, conversation.
entrevoir, to see vaguely; faire — , to hint, une entrevue, interview.
s'entr'ouvrir, to open half way.
envelopper, to envelop, to wrap round, les environs, m. pi., neighborhood.
s'envoler, to fly away, to fly off.
envoyer, to send.
épais, -se, thick, dense.
un épanchement, overflowing, outburst.
épancher, to pour out; s* — , to pour out, to discharge, to open one's heart, to unbosom one's self.
épanoui, expanded, beaming, épanouir, to open, to bloom, un épanouissement, opening, expanding, unfolding.
épargner, to spare.
épars, sparse, infrequent; scattered, une épaule, shoulder.
épauler, to shoulder, to bring to one's shoulder, une epaulette, epaulet.
épeurer, to scare, to frighten, une éphémère, day-fly.
une épine, thorn, une épouse, wife.
épouser, to marry.
épousseter, to dust, une épreuve, trial, test, experience; proof; impression.
épuré, purified, purged, un équilibre, equilibrium, balance, un équipage, carriage, turnout.
errer, to wander, un escalier, staircase.
escarpé, steep.
escorter, to escort.
l'Espagne,/., Spain, une espèce, kind, une espérance, hope, espérer, to hope, un espoir, hope, un esprit, mind, spirit, thought.
s'esquiver, to slip off, to slip away, un essaim, swarm.
essayer, to try.
essoufflé, out of breath, essuyer, to wipe.
estimer, to esteem, to value.
s'estropier, to maim one's self.
et, and; — ... — , both . . .
and.
établir, to establish, to settle.
s'étager, to rise in stories or terraces.
s'étaler, to spread out.
une étamine, stamen, un état, state, condition, profession; remettre en — , to repair, un été, summer.
éteindre, to extinguish, to put out; s' — , to go out.
étendre, to extend, to spread, to hang out.
étendu, stretched out.
éternel, -le, eternal, everlasting, endless.
étincelant, sparkling, une étoile, star.
étoile, starlit.
étonné, astonished, surprised.
étonner, to astonish; s' — , to be astonished.
étouffer, to stifle, to smother, une étourderie, blunder.
étourdi, stunned, dazed.
étourdiment, giddily, heedlessly.
étrange, strange, weird, foreign.
étrangement, strangely.
un étranger, stranger; foreigner.
étranglé, choked, stifled.
être, to be; — à, to belong to; — à court de, to lack, une étreinte, grasp.
étriqué, scanty, close-fitting.
étroit, narrow.
étroitement, closely, une étude, study.
étudier, to study.
eux, them.
VOCABULAIRE
PÉvangile, w., Gospel. évanouir; s* — , to faint, to lose consciousness; to vanish, un évanouissement, faint, fainting fit.
éveillé, awakened, awake,
alert, s'éveiller, to wake up.
un événement, event, un éventail, fan; en — , fanshaped.
éviter, to avoid, évoquer, to call up.
exact, exact, un examen, examination, inspection.
"examiner, to examine, to inspect, to scan.
exaspéré, exasperated, enraged, exceller, to excel, une exception, exception; à V — de, with the exception of, except, un excès, excess.
exciter, to excite, une exclamation, exclamation.
excuser, to excuse, to apologize; s* — , to offer excuses, un exercice, exercise.
exhaler, to exhale; s* — , to be exhaled, to give vent to, to indulge in.
expirer, to expire, to die.
une explication, explanation.
expliquer, to explain, to account for.
un exploit, exploit, feat, une explosion, explosion, outburst; faire — , to break out. exposer, to expose, to explain.
expressi-f, -ve, expressive, une expression, expression.
exprimer, to express.
exquis, exquisite.
extrême, extreme, excessive; extravagant, une extrémité, extremity, end.
la fable, fable.
fabuleu-x, -se, fabulous, la façade, façade, front, la face, face, front, side, la facette, facet.
fâché, vexed, put out.
se fâcher, to take offense, to get angry, to be vexed, la façon, fashion, manner; d'une autre — , in another way; de quelle — , in what way, how.
le facteur, postman, le factotum, factotum, man-ofall-work.
faible, weak, feeble, soft.
faiblement, feebly, faintly,
quietly.
faillir, to miss, to fail.
faire, to do, to make, to accomplish; to make or cause to; to say; to affect, to put on; to extend; — ses adieux, to say good-by; — mine de, to look as if to, to pretend; — le beau, to strut up and down, to show off; — entrevoir, to hint; se — , to be, to take place, to be done; — de, to do with, le faisan, pheasant, le fait, fact, deed, business.
le faîte, summit, ridge.
falloir, to be necessary; s'en — , to be wanting; peu s'en faut, almost.
famili-er, -ère, familiar, intimate, personal, private, la famille, family, group.
faner, to toss hay, to pitch hay.
le fantassin, foot-soldier.
fantastique, fantastic.
le fantôme, phantom, spectre.
farouche, wild, shy, unsociable, la fatigue, fatigue.
fatiguer, to tire out.
favori, -te, favorite.
fécond, fruitful, rich.
fécondé, made fruitful, enriched.
fêler, to crack, la felicitation, congratulation.
féminin, feminine, womanly, la femme, woman, wife.
fendre, to cleave, to crack, la fenêtre, window, le fenouil, fennel, le fer, iron; chemin de — , railroad, la ferme, farm, farm-yard.
ferme, firm.
fermer, to close, le fermier, farmer, la fermière, woman farmer, farmer's wife.
ferré, shod, iron-shod, hobnailed, le festin, feast, la fête, feast, festivity, fair;
mettre en — , to enliven, le feu, fire, flames, heat; faire
— , to strike fire, la feuille, leaf.
feuilleter, to turn over the leaves of.
le feutre, felt hat.
fiancé, fiancé, betrothed, fiancer, to affiance, to betroth, la fiche, pin, slip; -* de consolation, bit of comfort.
fidèle, faithful.
fi-er, -ère, proud.
fièrement, proudly, la fierté, pride, la fièvre, fever, emotion.
fiévreu-x, -se, feverish.
le figuier, fig-tree, la figure, face, figure.
figurer, to represent; se — , to imagine; figurez-vous que ... ? would you believe that?
la file, file, row.
filer, to spin, le filet, thread, streak, la fille, daughter, girl, sister of charity; vieille — , old maid, le fils, son.
filtrer, to filter in.
fin, fine, delicate, thin; le —
matin, early morning.
finir, to finish, to end; c'est
fini, it's all over, fixer, to fix, to fasten.
flambant, blazing, la flaque, puddle, la flèche, arrow.
fléchir, to bend, to give way.
la fleur, flower.
fleuri, flowering, blooming;
Pâque — e, Palm Sunday.
florissant, blooming, healthy, le flot, flood, stream; à. — s, in streams.
flotter, to float, fluet, -te, slender, thin, la foi, faith, le foin, hay.
la foire, fair.
VOCABULAIRE
la fois, time; une — , once; encore une — , once again, once more; à la — , at the same time, la foison, abundance; à — , plentifully, le fond, bottom, end, most remote part; background, corner; au — , at bottom, on the whole, in one's heart, really, le fonds, funds.
la fontaine, fountain, spring, watering-trough .
force, many, la force, force, strength, power* de — , strong enough.
forcer, to force, la formalité, formality, la formation, formation, la forme, form, shape, line; sous — de, in the form of.
former, to form, to make, to
train.
fort, strong.
fort, very.
fortement, strongly, violently, deep, la fortification, fortification, fortifié, fortified, strengthened, la fortune, fortune, property, le fou, fool.
fou, fol, -le, crazy, la fouace, cake (kind of pastry
common in Poitou), le fouet, whip; coup de — , crack of the whip.
fougueu-x, -se, spirited, la foule, crowd.
fouler, to step on, to tread
upon, fourbir, to furbish, to polish, le fragment, fragment, bit.
fraîchement, freshly, newly.
la fraîcheur, coolness, freshness.
frais, fraîche, fresh, cool, clear.
le framboisier, raspberry-bush, le franc, franc (coin worth nearly twenty cents).
fran-c, -che, frank, open, le Français, Frenchman, la France, France.
franchement, frankly.
frapper, to strike, to knock.
frêle, frail, thin, weak.
frémir, to tremble, to quiver.
fréquent, frequent, le frère, brother.
frisé, curly.
frissonner, to shudder, to shiver, to quiver.
le froc, priest's robe.
froid, cold, le frôlement, rustling.
le front, forehead.
frotter, to rub.
fructifier, to fructify, to bear fruit, le fruit, fruit.
fugiti-f, -ve, fugitive, passing, fleeting.
fuir, to flee, la fumée, smoke, cloud of smoke, le fusil, gun; coup de — , gunshot, le futur, future, future husband.
gagner, to gain, to reach, to
win over.
gai, gay, pleasant, bright,
joyful.
gaiement, gayly, mischievously, slyly, la gaieté, gaiety, fun.
le gaillard, jolly fellow, nice chap.
la galette, cake.
le galop, gallop.
le gamin, youngster.
le garçon, boy, fellow, young man.
garder, to keep, to tend, to
stay in.
garni, furnished, supplied.
la garnison, garrison.
la Garonne, Garonne river.
le gars, boy, fellow, lad.
le gâteau, cake.
gâter, to spoil.
gauche, left; awkward, gawky; à — , to the left, on the left hand.
la gaucherie, awkwardness, clumsiness.
la gaze, gauze, veil.
le gazon, grass.
le gazouillement, chirping, twittering.
le géant, giant.
gémir, to groan, to lament.
la gendarmerie, police, rural police; police station.
le génie, genius, ability.
la génisse, heifer, les gens, m.f. pi., people.
la gentillesse, gentleness, gracefulness, graces, prettiness.
la gerbe, sheaf, bundle.
le germe, germ, bud.
germer, to germinate, to sprout.
le geste, gesture, sign.
gesticuler, to gesticulate.
la gibecière, game-bag.
le gibier, game; pâté de — , game-pie.
la girandole, chandelier.
la Gironde (département de la), Gironde department, department of France.
la glace, ice.
glapissant, yelping, screaming.
glisser, to slip; se —, to slip, to steal to, through, or over.
goguenard, bantering.
se gonfler, to swell.
la gorge, throat.
gouailleu-r, -se, bantering,
scoffing.
gourmand, greedy, gluttonous, le goût, taste, inclination, la goutte, drop, la gouttelette, little drop, la grâce, favor, grace, charms; — s, charm, graces; — à, thanks to.
le grain, grain, les graminées, /. pi., grasses.
grand, large, tall, big, great, wide; toute — e, wide open.
grandir, to grow up, to grow
taller.
grand'peine; à — , with great difficulty, la grand'porte, front gate, la grand'route, highway, la grange, barn, le granit, granite. gras, -se, fat.
grave, grave, heavy, serious, gravement, gravely, le gré, pleasure, liking, will; de — , by gentle means, grec, -que, Greek, le grenier, granary, storehouse, grimaçant, forced, caricatured, la grimace, grimace, grin, gris, gray.
grisonnant, turning gray, grommeler, to grumble, to mutter, le grondement, rumbling, roaring, gronder, to rumble, to roar.
gros, -se, big, coarse, heavy; avoir le cœur — , to be brokenhearted.
VOCABULAIRE
le gros, crowd, mass.
grouillant, stirring, swarming, le groupe, group.
guère; ne — , hardly, scarcely.
guérir, to cure, to heal, la guérison, recovery, cure, la guerre, war.
le guerrier, warrior, soldier.
guerri-er, -ère, warlike, le guet, watch; faire le — , to be on the watch.
guêtre, with gaiters on. la guide, rein, la guise, way, guise; en — de,
by way of.
la Guyenne, Guyenne, old province of France.
s'habiller, to dress, un habit, coat; des — s, clothes, un habitant, inhabitant.
habiter, to dwell, to inhabit, to live at or in.
une habitude, habit, custom; comme d' — , as usual.
habitué, accustomed, la haie, hedge, une haleine, breath.
haranguer, to harangue.
harassé, tired out.
hardi, bold, la hardiesse, boldness, daring, une harmonie, harmony, le hasard, hazard, chance; par — , by chance, now and then.
hasarder, to risk; se — , to venture, la hâte, haste; à la — , in haste.
hâter, to hasten.
hausser, to raise, to lift; to shrug.
haut, high, high up, deep;
tout — , aloud; là , up
there, above, le haut, top, summit, le hautbois, oboe.
hé, hey !
une hémorragie, hemorrhage. l'herbe,/., grass, turf.
herbeu-x, -se, grassy.
Hercule, Hercules, le héros, hero.
hésiter, to hesitate, une heure, hour, o'clock; tout à 1' — , right away, immediately; just now, a moment ago; à la bonne — , good !
à quelle — ? at what time?
heureusement, happily, fortunately.
heureu-x, -se, happy, une hirondelle, swallow, une histoire, history, story, tale, un hiver, winter.
un homme, man.
un honneur, honor.
honni, covered with shame, la honte, shame.
honteu-x, -se, ashamed, shame-faced, l'horizon, m.} horizon, une horloge, clock, une horreur, horror, dread; avoir — de, to dread, to be afraid of.
hors, out, outside, beyond; — de lui, beside himself, un horticulteur, horticulturist.
une hospitalité, hospitality, un hôte, guest, host, un hôtel, hotel; — de ville, city
hall, town hall, une hôtesse, hostess.
la hottée, basketful.
houp, halloo !
le hourra, hurrah, cheer.
huit, eight.
humble, humble.
humecter, to moisten, to cool.
humer, to sip.
une humeur, humor, disposition.
humide, moist.
humilier, to humiliate, to humble, une hypothèque, mortgage.
ici, here, un idéal, ideal, une idée, idea, thought.
idiomatique, idiomatic.
ignoré, unknown.
ignorer, to be ignorant of, not to know.
il, he, it.
illettré, illiterate.
illuminer, to illuminate, to light, une illusion, illusion, une image, image, picture.
imaginaire, imaginary.
une imagination, imagination.
s'imaginer, to imagine, to fancy, to surmise.
imberbe, beardless.
imiter, to imitate.
immaculé, spotless.
immédiat, immediate.
immédiatement, immediately.
immense, immense, huge.
immobile, immovable, motionless, une immobilité, inaction, inertness.
imparfait, imperfect, une impatience, impatience.
impatiemment, impatiently.
impatient, impatient.
impatienté, (made) restless.
impérati-f, -ve, imperative.
une impétuosité, impetuosity, violence.
impitoyable, pitiless.
importer, to concern, to matter.
imposer, to impose, to overawe.
imprégné, impregnated, transfused, une impression, impression, print; effect, feeling.
imprimer, to print.
impropre, unfit.
inabordable, unapproachable.
inattendu, unexpected, l'incompétence, /., incompetence.
inconnu, unknown, un inconnu, unknown man,
stranger, une inconnue, unknown woman, stranger.
indéfini, indefinite.
indépendant, independent.
indicati-f, -ve, indicative.
Pindienne,/., calico, une indifférence, indifference.
indifférent, indifferent, immaterial; matter of indifference.
indiquer, to indicate.
indirect, indirect.
PIndre, department of France.
ineffable, ineffable, unspeakable.
inefficace, useless, ineffectual.
inégalement, unequally, unevenly.
inépuisable, inexhaustible.
inespéré, unexpected.
inexpérimenté, inexperienced.
inexprimable, inexpressible.
Pinfanterie,/., infantry.
infatigable, indefatigable.
infernal, infernal.
VOCABULAIRE
un infinitif, infinitive.
s,infonner, to inquire, to ask.
ingambe, nimble.
inhabile, inapt, awkward.
inhérent, inherent, une initiative, initiative.
innocemment, innocently.
innocent, innocent, harmless.
inonder, to flood.
inqui-et, -ète, anxious, troubled, restless.
inquiétant, disturbing, une inquiétude, anxiety, unrest, un insecte, insect.
inséparable, inseparable.
s'insinuer, to creep into, to
steal into.
insister, to insist.
insoucieu-x, -se, careless.
inspirer, to inspire.
installer, to install, un instant, instant.
instruire, to teach, un instrument, instrument.
insupportable, unbearable, une intelligence, intelligence, mind, une intention, intention, purpose; avoir 1* — , to intend.
interdit, confused.
intéressant, interesting, un intérieur, interior, inside.
intérieurement, inwardly.
interminable, interminable,
never-ending.
interrompre, to interrupt, un intervalle, interval.
intime, intimate, friendly,
dear; domestic, intimider, to intimidate.
introduire, to introduce, to
thrust in, to push into, inutile, useless, of no avail.
inverse, inverse, opposite; en sens — , in the opposite direction.
une invitation, invitation, un invité, guest.
invraisemblable, improbable.
un iris, iris, rainbow.
une ironie, irony, derision, banter.
ironique, ironical, railing,
bantering, derisive, jesting.
irritable, irritable, excitable,
sensitive.
irrité, irritated, angered, une irruption, irruption; faire — ,
to burst or rush in.
un isolement, isolation, loneliness.
jadis, once, formerly, of yore; au temps — , once upon a time.
jaillir, to gush forth, to issue, to result.
la jalousie, jealousy.
jalou-x, -se, jealous, anxious.
jamais, never, ever, la jambe, leg; casser bras et — s,
to disable; to astound, le jardin, garden, le jarret, hock, la jarretière, garter.
jaune, yellow.
jeter, to throw, to toss, to utter, le jeu, game; — de mots, play on
words, pun.
le jeudi, Thursday.
jeune, young, la jeunesse, youth, young people, la joie, joy, merry-making.
se joindre, to join, to clasp, joint, joined.
joli, pretty, la joue, cheek.
jouer, to play, le joueur, player, musician.
le jour, day.
le journal, diary, newspaper.
journali-er, -ère, daily, la journée, day, day's events.
jovial, jovial.
joyeusement, joyously, merrily.
joyeu-x, -se, joyous, merry, funny, picturesque.
juger, to judge.
juillet, July, la jupe, skirt.
jusque, jusqu'à, to, up to, as far as; until.
juste, just.
justement, exactly, precisely.
le kepi, military cap.
là, there, then; çà et — , here and there.
là-bas, yonder, over there.
lâche, cowardly.
lâcher, to relax, to leave, to let go; — la détente, to pull the trigger.
la lâcheté, cowardice, baseness.
La Fontaine, great writer of fables.
là-haut, up there, above.
laid, ugly, homely.
laisser, to let, to allow, to leave; — tomber, to drop; laissez donc! nonsense!
le lait, milk.
laiteu-x, -se, milky, milk-colored.
lamentable, lamentable, sorrowful, la lampe, lamp.
lancer, to throw, to cast, le langage, language.
languir, to languish.
laquelle, who, which, whom,
that.
large, broad, wide, largement, largely, fully, la larme, tear; à chaudes — s, bitterly.
lasser, to tire; se — , to grow tired, la lavandière, washerwoman.
le, la, P, les, the.
le, la, 1', les, him, her, it, them, so.
la leçon, lesson, la lecture, reading.
lég-er, -ère, light, slight, airy.
légèrement, lightly, slightly, carelessly, le legs, legacy.
le lendemain, morrow, following day.
lent, slow.
lentement, slowly, la lessive, the washing; couler la — , to pour lye-water over linen to be washed; to wash clothes, la lettre, letter.
leur, their, le levant, East.
lever, to raise; se — , to get up.
la lèvre, lip.
libre, free.
le licol, halter, le lien, tie, string, bond.
lier, to tie, to bind, le lieu, place; au — de, instead
of.
la lieue, league, le lièvre, hare.
la ligne, line, outline, line of troops, lilas, lilac color, la lime, file, filing, le linge, linen.
lire, to read.
VOCABULAIRE
le liséré, border, edging, la lisière, border, edge, le livre, book; — d'heures, prayer-book, livrer, to deliver, to give, to
give up.
local, local.
loger, to lodge, to house, le logis, household, house.
loin, far, far off; de — en — , at long intervals; de — , from afar; au — , in the distance.
lointain, far off, distant, le lointain, distance, la Loire, Loire river, le long, length; le — de, up and down, along.
long, -ue, long.
longer, to run along.
longtemps, a long time, a long
time since.
longuement, at length, a long
time, in detail.
lorsque, when.
louer, to praise; to rent; — à ferme, to lease, le loup-garou, werewolf.
lourd, heavy, le lourdaud, dullard, blockhead, le loyer, rent.
la lueur, gleam, flash, glimmering light.
lui, him, to him, he.
luisant, shining; ver — , glowworm, la lumière, light.
lumineu-x, -se, bright, illuminated, la lune, moon; clair de — , moonlight, les lunettes, /. />/., spectacles, la lutte, struggle.
lutter, to contend, to vie.
le luxe, luxury, display.
M., abbr. of monsieur, sir, gentleman, Mr.; MM., abbr. of messieurs, gentlemen.
machinalement, mechanically, la machine, machine.
le magasin, store, shop.
maigre, thin, lean, slim, slender.
le maillet, mallet.
la main, hand; battre des — s, to
clap one's hands; poignée
de — , hand-shake.
Maine-et-Loire, department
of France.
maintenant, now.
mais, but; — aussi, but then, la maison, house; — commune,
town- h all.
le maître, master; se rendre — de, to take possession of.
maître, masterful, consummate, la maîtresse, mistress, sweetheart, le major, major.
mal, ill, badly, le mal, ill; — à la tête, headache, malade, ill, sick, la maladie, illness.
maladroit, awkward, clumsy, malencontreu-x, -se, inopportune, untimely.
malgré, in spite of.
le malheur, misfortune.
malheureu-x, -se, unhappy,
poor, pitiful.
malicieu-x, -se, mischievous, la manche, sleeve, le manchot, one-armed man.
le mandat, money-order, le mandement, order (of a bishop to the churches of his diocese).
le manège, behavior, diplomacy, trick.
manger, to eat, to eat up.
la manière, manner, way, sort, kind.
manifester, to manifest, to show, la manivelle, crank.
manquer, to lack, to miss, to
fail.
manuel, -le, manual, le maquignon, horse-dealer, le marchand, merchant, seller; — de biens, real-estate agent, la marchande, woman merchant, la marche, step, gait, march, progress, walking; en — , forward, le marché, market, bargain, deal, marcher, to march, to walk, le mari, husband, le mariage, marriage, le marié, married man, bridegroom; les — s, bride and groom, marier, to marry, to marry off;
se — , to get married.
marquer, to mark, to show.
mars, March, le marteau, hammer, le martinet, swift (bird).
masculin, masculine, le massif, thicket, grove, shrubbery, le mât, mast, le matériel, material, le matin, morning, dawn, la matinée, morning, morning's work, matrimonial, matrimonial.
Matthieu, Matthew.
mauvais, bad, ill-humored; — e tête, headstrong person.
me, m', me; to, for, with, in, from me.
le mécanisme, machinery, la médaille, medal, badge, le médecin, physician, doctor.
médiocre, ordinary, poor, médire, to slander, le méfait, misdeed, la mélancolie, melancholy, sadness, mélancolique, melancholy , sad,
dismal, plaintive.
mélancoliquement, in a melancholy way.
le mélange, mixture, mêlé, mixed, mingled.
mêler, to mix, to mingle; se — , to be mixed or mingled; se — de, to meddle, la mélodie, melody.
mélodieu-x, -se, melodious, la mélopée, song, melody, même, self, same, even, very,
also, mêmement, also, likewise, la mémoire, memory, le mémoire, memorandum.
menacer, to threaten, le ménage, housekeeping, economy.
ménager, to save, to arrange,
to plan, to reserve.
mener, to lead, to conduct.
mensuel, -le, monthly, mentalement, mentally.
mentir, to lie.
menu, small, spare, slender; common; — peuple, lower class, the masses, la mer, sea.
merci, thanks, thank you; un grand — , a conventional thank you.
la mère, mother, madam.
VOCABULAIRE
la merveille, wonder; à — , wonderfully well.
merveilleusement, marvelously.
le message, message.
la messe, mass.
la mesure, measure, time, step; à — que, in proportion as.
la métairie, small farm, farm.
le métayer, farmer.
mettre, to put, to set, to suppose; s'y — , to apply one's self to; — bas, to throw off;
— en fête, to enliven.
meurtrir, to bruise, to hurt.
la meute, pack of hounds.
mi-citadine, half-city, le midi, noon, le miel, honey.
mien, -ne, mine.
mieux, better; le — , best; tant — , so much the better; valoir — , to be better.
mignon, -ne, dear, darling; dainty, delicate, la migraine, headache, le milieu, middle, midst; surroundings; au — de, in the midst or middle of.
militaire, military, le militaire, soldier. mille, thousand, le mille, mile.
mince, slight, thin, slender, la mine, mien, appearance; faire
— de, to look as if.
le minuit, midnight.
la mi-nuit, twilight, la minute, minute.
mi-paysan, -ne, half-country.
mi-poitevin, half-Poitou.
le miroir, mirror, le misérable, wretch, la miséricorde, pity.
mi-tourangeau, half-Touraine.
mi-voix; à — , in an undertone.
mobile, changeable, sensitive,
unsteady.
la mobilité, changeableness, ca-
priciousness.
moi, me; to, for, by, from me;
moi-même, myself, I myself.
moindre, least.
moins, less; du — , at least; au — , at least, at all events, le mois, month, la moisson, harvest.
moissonné, reaped.
moite, moist, la moitié, half; à — , half. mol, molle, see mou.
mollement, softly, loosely, le moment, moment.
mon, ma, mes, my.
le monde, world, people; petit — , little people (children); poor people; tout le — , everybody, people, le monosyllabe, monosyllable.
monosyllabique, monosyllabic.
monotone, monotonous, la montée, ascent, hill.
monter, to mount, to rise, to ride; — à cru, to ride bareback.
montrer, to show, to point to; se — , to make one's appearance; to assert one's self.
se moquer; — de, to make
fun of.
morbleu! by Jove!
le morceau, bit, fragment.
mordre, to bite, morne, gloomy, sad, mournful, morose, morose, surly, la mort, death, mort, dead.
le mort, dead man.
la morte, dead woman, le mot, word.
motus! don't say anything about it ! mum's the word !
mou, mol, -le, soft, gentle.
Cf. fou.
la mouche, fly.
le mouchoir, handkerchief.
mouiller, to wet.
le moulin, mill.
mourir, to die; se — , to be dying, la moustache, moustache; avoir
des — s, to be brave, le mouton, sheep, le mouvement, movement, motion, se mouvoir, to move about, le moyen, means; au — de, by means of.
muet, -te, mute, dumb,
speechless.
mugir, to low.
le mugissement, lowing, bellowing, le mulet, mule.
le mur, wall; — d'appui, br easthigh wall, la muraille, wall.
murmurer, to murmur.
le muséum, museum, la musique, music, band.
mutilé, mutilated, mangled, maimed, le mutisme, silence, dumbness, le mystère, mystery.
mystérieu-x, -se, mysterious,
naï-f, -ve, naïve, simple, artless.
naissant, being born, sprouting.
naïvement, naïvely, artlessly, la nappe, cloth, table-cloth.
natal, natal, native, of one's
birth, national, national, la nature, nature.
naturel, -le, natural, real, naturellement, naturally.
ne, n', not; ne . . . pas, not; ne . . . plus, no more, no longer; ne . . . que, only; ne . . . point, not at all; ne . . . jamais, never; ne . . .
rien, nothing.
nécessaire, necessary, la nécessité, necessity.
négati-f, -ve, negative, négligé, neglected.
négligemment, negligently,
carelessly.
Nemrod, famous hunter in legendary history, le nénufar, water-lily, le nerf, nerve; les — s, muscles, strength.
nerveu-x, -se, nervous, sinewy, wiry, vigorous, net, -te, distinct, nettement, distinctly, sharply, clean-cut.
la netteté, distinctness, clearness, nettoyer, to clean, neu-f, -ve, new.
neuf, nine, le nez, nose.
niais, simple, foolish, la niche, niche, recess, le nid, nest.
nier, to deny, to doubt.
le nimbe, halo, les noces,/. pl.y wedding.
noir, black, dark, la noisette, hazelnut, le nom, name.
VOCABULAIRE
le nombre, number.
nommer, to name, to call by name; se — , to give one's name; to be named.
non, not, no; — pas, not.
nonchalant, careless.
la nostalgie, home-sickness, longing, la note, note.
notre, our.
nouer, to tie, to knot, nourrir, to nourish, to feed, to support, to sustain, la nourriture, nourishment.
nous, we, us; to, for, from us.
nouveau, nouvel, -le, new; — venu, newcomer; de — , again; du — , something new. Cf. fou, mou, nul, etc.
la nouvelle, news.
novice, inexperienced, new at it.
le noyer, walnut-tree.
se noyer, to be drowned.
nu, naked, bare; à — , bare, naked, la nuit, night, dark; à la — close, after dark.
nul, -le, no, not any; nulle
part, nowhere.
nul, -le, no one, nobody.
nuptial, nuptial, bridal.
nu-tête, bareheaded.
une oasis, oasis.
obéir, to obey.
obèse, corpulent, un objet, object, obscur, dark.
obscurcir, to darken; sf — , to fall into shadow, to become dark, une obscurité, darkness, dark.
une observation, observation, un obstacle, obstacle, une obstination, obstinacy, wilfulness.
obstinément, persistently.
obtenir, to obtain, une occasion, occasion,opportunity.
une occupation, occupation.
occuper, to occupy; s* — , to occupy one's self with, to be busy, un octobre, October, une odeur, odor, smell, un œil, eye; en un clin d* — , in
the twinkling of an eye.
une œuvre, work, un officier, officer.
offrir, to offer, un oiseau, bird.
ombrager, to shade, une ombre, shadow, shade, darkness.
ombreu-x, -se, shady.
on, one, you, they, people, un oncle, uncle.
onze, eleven, une opération, operation.
opiniâtre, obstinate, headstrong.
Tor, m., gold, un orage, storm.
orangé, orange-hued.
un oranger, or ange- tree; fleur
d* — , orange-blossom, un orchestre, orchestra, players.
ordinaire, ordinary, customary; d* — >, usual, un ordre, order; — s, holy orders, une orée, limit, edge, une oreille, ear; de toutes ses — s, very attentively; prêter V — , to listen, un oreiller, pillow, un orgueil, pride.
orgueilleusement, proudly.
orgueilleu-x, -se, proud.
l'Orient, w., the Orient, the East, original, original, un orphelin, orphan, une ortie, nettle; jeter le froc aux — s, to give up the priesthood, un os, bone.
oser, to dare, une oseraie, osier-bed.
ôter, to take from or away.
ou, or.
où, where.
oublier, to forget.
oublieu-x, -se, forgetful, un ouragan, hurricane, un outil, implement, tool.
outillé, provided with implements.
ouvert, open, frank, une ouverture, opening, overture; faire des — s, to make advances, to approach.
ouvrir, to open; s* — , to unbosom one's self.
pacifique, peaceful, la page, page, la paille, straw, le pain, bread.
paisible, peaceful, la paix, peace.
pâle, pale, light.
palpiter, to palpitate, to quiver, le panache, plume, panache, trail, la panerée, basketful.
pantelant, panting, heaving, gasping. le papier, paper.
la Pâque, Easter; — fleurie, Palm Sunday.
par, by, through, for; — de là,
beyond, paraître, to appear, to seem, le parallèle, parallel, comparison, le parapluie, umbrella, la parcelle, portion.
parcourir, to go through, to walk around, le pardon, pardon, forgiveness; — , I beg your pardon.
pareil, -le, like, such.
le pareil, equal, match, la pareille, equal, match, le parent, relative, kinsman, la parente, relative, kinswoman, la parenthèse, parenthesis.
paresseu-x, -se, lazy, parfois, at times, sometimes, now and then, le parfum, perfume.
parier, to bet, to wager.
parisien, -ne, Parisian, parlementer, to parley, parler, to speak, le parleur, speaker, talker, la parleuse, speaker, talker.
parmi, among, la paroisse, parish, le paroissien, prayer-book, le paroissien, parishioner, la paroissienne, parishioner, la parole, word, speech, promise, la part, part, place; nulle — , nowhere, le parti, party, match, suitable
person, le participe, participle.
particuli-er, -ère, particular, peculiar, private, singular, special, la partie, part, share.
partir, to leave, to go off (of guns), to go away, to issue.
partout, everywhere.
VOCABULAIRE
le pas, step; à petits — , slowly; du même — , then, at once.
passable, passable, le passage, passage.
le passé, past.
passer, to pass, to pass by, to pass away, to spend, to be promoted; se — , to take place; se — de, to do or go without.
la passion, passion, intense life, le pasteur, pastor, clergyman, le pastour, shepherd, la pastoure, shepherdess.
le pâté, pie; — de gibier, gamepie, paternel, -le, paternal, la paternité, fatherhood, le pâtis, wild pasture-land, la pâtisserie, pastry, le pâturage, pasturage.
pauvre, poor, la pauvreté, poverty; — à deux, poverty shared by two.
payer, to pay, to repay, to pay for.
le pays, country, district, le paysage, landscape, le paysan, peasant, la peine, trouble; à — , à — si,
hardly, scarcely, le peintre, painter, portrayer.
se pelotonner, to gather into knots, to cuddle up.
la pelouse, grass.
penaud, crestfallen.
pencher, to bend over, to lean, pendant, during; — que,
while, pendre, to hang.
pénétrer, to penetrate, to get in
as far as.
pénible oainful, annoying, la pénombre, penumbra, dim light, shadow.
la pensée, thought.
penser, to think; — à, to
think of or about.
pensi-f,-ve, pensive, thoughtful, la pension, boarding-house; en — , to boarding-school; board and lodging, le pensionnat, boarding-school, la pente, slope.
perdre, to lose; se — , to die away.
le perdreau, young partridge, la perdrix, partridge.
perdu, lost, ruined, forlorn, le père, father, le péril, peril, danger, la péripétie, incident.
perler, to flow, to trickle, la permanence, permanence; en — , permanently.
permettre, to permit, to allow.
perpendiculairement, perpendicularly.
persistant, persistent, la personne, person; ne — , nobody; — à marier, suitor.
persuader, to persuade.
la perte, loss; à — de vue, els far away as he could see.
peser, to weigh, [le] la pétale, petal, pétillant, sparkling.
petit, little, small; — e tenue, undress uniform, la pétulance, petulance.
peu, little, small, far from; — à — , little by little; un — , a little, rather, somewhat, almost; à — près, almost, nearly; combien — , how very little, le peuple, people, nation, le peuplier, poplar.
la peur, fear; avoir — , to be afraid; faire — à, to frighten. peureu-x, -se, fearful, timid,
skittish.
peut-être, maybe, perhaps.
philosophique, philosophical, la photographie, photograph, la phrase, phrase, sentence, la physionomie, physiognomy,
face, countenance, le pic, peak; à — , perpendicularly, la pièce, piece, le pied, foot; à — , on foot;
pointe des — s, tiptoe, le Piémont, Piedmont.
pierreu-x, -se, stony, rocky.
pieu-x, -se, pious, devout, le pigeon, pigeon, le pilier, pillar, le pin, pine, le piot, wine (local term) ; humer
leur — , to sip their wine, la pipe, pipe.
piquer, to sting, to nettle.
pis, worse; tant — , so much the worse.
la pitié, pity.
la place, place, seat, room, spot, public square; en — , still; faire — à, to give way to.
placer, to place, plaider, to plead.
se plaindre, to complain, to
moan, to grumble.
plainti-f, -ve, plaintive.
plaire, to please; se — à, to take pleasure in.
la plaisanterie, pleasantry, jesting, le plaisir, pleasure, sport, le plan, plan.
planer, to hover, la plante, plant.
planté, placed, fixed, planter, to plant, le plat, dish, la plate-forme, platform.
plein, full; en — vent, in the open air; en — rapport, yielding well.
pleurer, to weep, to cry; à — , in weeping; — à chaudes larmes, to weep bitterly, les pleurs, m. pi., tears.
plier, to fold, to bend.
le plomb, lead.
plonger, to plunge, to dive, to
cast, to sink.
plu, p. part, of plaire, la pluie, rain.
la plume, feather, la plupart, majority, larger part, le pluriel, plural.
plus, more; ne — , no more, no longer; non — , any more, either; de — en — , more and more.
plusieurs, several; à — reprises, at intervals, repeatedly.
plutôt, rather.
le poids, weight, la poignée, handful, grasp; — de
main, hand-shake, le point, point; — du jour, daybreak, dawn, la pointe, point, dawn; — des
pieds, tiptoe, la poire, pear.
poitevin, from or of Poitou, le Poitou, former province of
France, la poitrine, breast.
poli, polite, la pomme, apple.
pondre, to lay (eggs).
le pont, bridge, populaire, popular.
VOCABULAIRE
la porte, door, gate; — charretière, wagon-gate, la portée, reach; bearing, le portement, health.
porter, to carry; se — , to be.
la portière, car or carriage door
or window, le portrait, picture, image.
poser, to put, to place, to rest; se — , to be placed, la position, position, place.
possible, possible, la poste, mail; bureau de — ,
post-office, le pot, pot.
la potion, potion, draught, medicine, la poudre, powder.
le poulailler, hen-house, la poule, hen.
la poupée, doll.
pour, for, in order to, to, toward, le pourpre, purple.
pourquoi, why.
poursuivre, to pursue, to continue.
pourtant, yet, however.
pourvu, provided, supplied.
pousser, to push, to push in, to drive, to urge, to start, to utter.
la poussière, dust, powder.
pouvoir, to be able; puisse
Dieu . . ., may God . . .
pratique, practical.
le pré, meadow.
précédent, preceding.
précieu-x, -se, precious.
précisément, exactly, le prédécesseur, predecessor.
prédire, to predict.
préféré, preferred, favorite.
préférence, preference; de — , out of preference.
premi-er, -ère, first; le —
venu, the first-comer.
prendre, to take, to catch, to take out, to seize; s'y — , to set about it, to manage it, to act; — le dessus, to get the upper hand; — une résolution, to make a decision, la préoccupation, preoccupation, care.
préoccupé, preoccupied.
préparer, to prepare, la préposition, preposition.
près, near; — de, near, close to; à peu — , almost, nearly, le presbytère, parsonage, rectory, la présence, presence, le présent, present, gift; dès à — , from this time on.
présenter, to present, to offer, to introduce, presque, almost, la presqu'île, peninsula.
pressentir, to foresee, to have
misgivings.
presser, to press; se — , to crowd.
le pressoir, wine-press.
prêt, ready, le prétendu, intended, suitor.
prêter, to lend; — l'oreille, to
listen, prétexter, to offer as a pretext, to pretend, le prêtre, priest.
prévenir, to warn, to let
know, prévoir, to foresee.
prier, to pray, la prière, prayer.
primiti-f , -ve, primitive, principal. principal, principal, main.
le printemps, spring.
pris, taken, caught, deceived, la prise, taking, capture, le prisonnier, prisoner.
privé, deprived.
proche, near.
prodiguer, to lavish, to waste.
produire, to produce, le produit, product, produce, la profession, profession, le profit, profit.
profiter, to profit, to make use; to avail one's self, to improve.
profond, deep, penetrating, la profondeur, depths, le progrès, progress, la proie, prey; en — à, prey to.
le projet, plan.
projeter, to cast, to plan.
prolongé, prolonged, la promenade, walk.
se promener, to walk, to take a walk.
le promeneur, pedestrian, la promesse, promise.
prompt, prompt, quick, ready, le pronom, pronoun.
prononcer, to pronounce, la proportion, proportion, le propos, purpose, word; à — de, about.
propre, own, very, la propriété, property.
le protégé, protégé, ward, la protestation, protest, la prouesse, prowess, la providence, providence.
providentiel, -le, providential, la province, all France outside of Paris; province, country, provincial life.
prudent, prudent, la prunelle, pupil, eye-ball, le psaume, psalm.
public, publique, public.
puis, then, afterwards, la puissance, power, le pupille, ward, la pupille, ward.
pur, pure.
la qualité, quality, characteristic.
quand, when, whenever.
quant à, as to, as for.
le quart, quarter, le quartier, quarter.
quatorze, fourteen.
quatre, four.
quatrième, fourth.
que, qu', pron., whom, which, what, that.
que, qu', conj. adv., that, as, when, than, how, lest; ne ... — , only.
quel, -le, what, what a, which.
quelque, some, a few.
quelquefois, sometimes.
quelques-uns, -unes, some, any, a few.
quelqu'un, une, someone, somebody, la question, question, le questionnaire, questionnaire, list of questions.
questionner, to question.
qui, who, which, whom, that, le quinconce, quincunx, arrangement of things in squares, one being placed in the middle, thus: ' • \
quinze, fifteen.
quitter, to leave, to abandon.
quoi, what, wherewith, the means (to).
quotidien, -ne, daily.
VOCABULAIRE
le rabat, clerical collar or neckband.
rabrouer, to snub.
raccommoder, to mend, to repair, raccourcir, to shorten.
raconter, to relate, to tell.
radieu-x, -se, radiant.
rafraîchir, to refresh, to revive.
raide, stiff, steep, se raidir, to stiffen, to resist.
railleu-r, -se, bantering, la rainette, tree-frog, le raisin, grape.
la raison, reason; avoir — , to be right.
raisonnablement, reasonably, le raisonnement, reasoning.
raisonner, to argue.
ralentir, to slow up, to slacken; se — , to slow up, to lag, to abate, to slacken, to grow slow, ramener, to lead back, to bring, le ramier, wood-pigeon, le rang, rank, la rangée, row.
ranger, to put in order, to array, to arrange; se — , to place one's self; to step aside, rapide, rapid, fast, rapidement, rapidly, rappeler, to recall, le rapport, bearing; en plein — , yielding well, rapporter, to bring back, rapprocher, to bring near.
rare, rare, infrequent, rarement, rarely, hardly ever.
ras, close, short.
raser, to graze, to skim, se rasséréner, to calm down, to recover one's composure, rassuré, reassured, le râtelier, rack.
raviver, to revive, to awaken, se ravoir, to regain one's strength, le rayon, ray, light, la réalité, reality.
rebrousser, to turn back; — chemin, to go back, to retrace one's steps.
rechercher, to seek, to court, le récit, recital, story, le recoin, nook, corner, la récolte, harvest.
recommander, to recommend.
recommencer, to begin again.
récompenser, to reward.
réconcilier, to reconcile.
reconduire, to lead back, la reconnaissance, thanks, gratitude.
reconnaître, to recognize.
recouvrer, to recover, le recrutement, recruiting.
recueilli, gathered, meditative, calm.
recueillir, to gather, to receive, to take in, to shelter; se — , to be absorbed or lost; to collect one's self, to collect one's thoughts.
redescendre, to go down or
come down again.
redevenir, to become again, la redingote, frock-coat, redire, to repeat, redoubler, to increase, redouter, to fear, le réduit, small dwelling, retreat.
refaire, to make again.
refermer, to shut again, to close; se — , to close.
réfléchir, to reflect.
refléter, to reflect, la réflexion, reflexion.
refouler, to repress.
refuser, to refuse, to reject, le regard, look.
regarder, to look, to look at, to look upon; se — , to look at each other, le régiment, regiment.
régner, to reign, le regret, regret; à — , reluctantly.
regretter, to regret, to long for.
régulariser, to put on a business basis.
rejeter, to throw back, to reject.
rejoindre, to join.
réjoui, jolly.
relever, to raise, to lift.
religieu-x, -se, religious.
relire, to reread.
la reliure, binding.
reluire, to shine, to glitter.
remarquable, remarkable, la remarque, remark, observation.
remarquer, to remark, to notice; faire — , to point out.
remercier, to thank.
remettre, to bring back, to return, to refresh; — en état, to repair; se — , to begin again; to recover.
remonter, to come or go upstairs again, to get into again (of vehicle).
le remords, remorse, la remorque, tow; à la — , in tow.
remplacer, to replace, to take
the place of.
rempli, filled, remplir, to fill, to fulfill, to
perform.
remuant, bustling, remué, restless.
remuer, to move, la rencontre, meeting; aller à la
— de, to go to meet.
rencontrer, to meet; se — , to
meet.
rendre, to render, to give back, to make; se — , to go, to betake one's self, to go;
— compte, to report; se — compte, to realize.
rendu, returned, arrived.
renifler, to snort.
rentrer, to re-enter, to return,
to go in again.
renverser, to overturn, to upset.
renvoyer, to send away, se répandre, to spread, to
overflow.
reparaître, to reappear, reparler, to speak again.
repartir, to set off again, to go
back.
repasser, to pass over or by
again.
repêcher, to fish out.
répéter, to repeat, répliquer, to answer, to reply, répondre, to answer, to reply, la réponse, answer, reply, le repos, rest, sleep; en — ,
alone; at rest, at ease.
reposé, rested, refreshed.
se reposer, to rest, to sleep.
repousser, to push back, reprendre, to take again, to
resume, to reply, to begin
again.
VOCABULAIRE
représenter, to picture.
la reprise, retaking, resumption; à plusieurs — s, at intervals, repeatedly.
le reproche, reproach.
se reprocher, to reproach or blame one's self.
la réputation, reputation.
le réseau, net-work.
la réserve, reserve; en — , saved up.
réserver, to reserve, to keep; se — , to reserve the right.
résolu, resolute.
la résolution, resolution; prendre une — , to make a decision.
résonnant, resounding.
résonner, to resound, to sound, le respect, respect.
respectueu-x, -se, respectful,
dutiful.
respirer, to breathe, ressaisir, to take or seize
again.
ressembler, to resemble.
ressentir, to feel.
ressortir, to spring, to stand out.
la ressource, resource, le ressouvenir, reminiscence.
se ressouvenir, to remember, le reste, remainder; du — , moreover.
resté, remained, left alone, rester, to remain, to stay; —
en place, to stand still.
restreint, narrow, limited.
le résultat, result, rétablir, to restore.
retenir, to take off, to hold, to keep, to hold back; se — , to cling.
retentir, to echo, to resound.
retirer, to draw or pull out; se — , to retire, to withdraw, retomber, to fall back.
le retour, return; être de — , to be back.
retourner, to return; se — , to turn round; — sur ses pas, to retrace one's steps.
rétréci, narrow.
retrouver, to find again; se — ,
to assemble.
réuni, united, together.
se réunir, to meet together.
réussir, to succeed, le rêve, dream.
revêche, cross, crabbed, le réveil, awaking, waking up.
réveiller, to wake up; se — , to wake up, to be roused, la révélation, revelation, révéler, to reveal.
revenir, to come back, to return; — à soi, to recover consciousness; — sur, to recall, le revenu, revenue, income.
rêver, to dream, to think, to
reflect, to muse.
révérer, to revere, to worship, la rêverie, reverie, day-dreaming, le revers, opposite side.
revêtu, clothed.
rêveu-r, -se, dreamy, pensive, revivre, to live again.
revoir, to see again; au — , good-by, I'll see you again.
le rez-de-chaussée, ground floor.
riche, rich, abundant.
ridé, wrinkled.
ridicule, ridiculous, le rien, thing, trifle; ne — , nothing; — que, nothing but; —
qu'à le toucher, at merely touching it.
la rigole, gutter.
la riposte, retort, clever reply.
rire, to laugh; — aux éclats, to burst out laughing. le rire, laugh, laughter, le risque, risk, le rite, rite, la ritournelle, song marked for
its repetition.
le rival, rival, la rive, bank.
riverain, alongside, bordering (on rivers or woods), la rivière, river, stream, la robe, dress, gown; — de chambre, dressing-gown.
robuste, robust.
rocailleu-x, -se, stony.
rocheu-x, -se, rocky, rôder, to roam, to wander, le roi, king.
le rôle, part, rôle, le roman, novel, story.
le romancier, novelist.
romanesque, romantic, fantastic, rompre, to break, la rondeur, roundness, curve,
fulness.
le ronflement, snoring, rumbling
noise, la rose, rose.
rose, pink, rosy, la rosée, dew.
le rosier, rose-bush.
le rossignol, nightingale, la roue, wheel, le rouge, red, blush.
rouge, red.
le rouge-gorge, robin, la rougeur, blush.
rougi, reddened.
rougir, to blush, to grow red, to make red.
le roulement, roll, beating.
rouler, to roll, to flow down, la route, road, way; grande •— highway.
rouvrir, to reopen, le ruban, ribbon, string.
la ruche, hive.
rude, rude, severe, rough.
rudement, harshly, la rue, street, la ruelle, lane.
ruer, to hurl, to kick, la ruine, ruin.
ruiner, to ruin, la rumeur, noise, hum.
ruminer, to ruminate, to muse over, la Russie, Russia.
rustique, rustic, rural, of the fields, le rythme, rythm, time. ]
rythmé, rythmical, in time.
le sable, sand, le sabot, shoe, hoof, le sac, sack, knapsack, le sacrifice, sacrifice.
sage, wise, good, la sagesse, wisdom.
saigner, to bleed.
saillant, projecting, la saillie, sally, flash of wit.
sain, well, sound.
saint, holy, le saint, saint, la sainte, saint.
saisir, to seize, la saison, season, la salle, hall, room, living-room; — à manger, dining-room.
VOCABULAIRE
saluer, to bow, to greet, to hail, le salut, salvation, greeting, bow.
le sang, blood.
le sang-froid, coolness, presence of mind.
sanglant, bleeding, le sanglot, sob.
sans, without, la santé, health, le sapin, fir-tree.
saprebleu ! by Jove !
satisfaire, to satisfy.
sau-f, -ve, safe.
sauter, to jump, to leap, la sauterelle, grasshopper.
sauvage, savage, wild, untamed, unsociable, shunning society, shy.
la sauvage, unsophisticated, uncivilized girl, la sauvagerie, wildness, shyness, la saveur, savor, zest.
savoir, to know, to know how, to be able.
savourer, to taste, to enjoy, la scène, scene, la science, science, knowledge.
scintiller, to sparkle, to twinkle.
sculpté, sculptured, carved.
se, one's self, himself, herself, itself, themselves, each other.
Sébastopol, Sebastopol, in the Crimea.
sec, sèche, dry.
se sécher, to dry.
la seconde, second.
secouer, to shake, to shake off.
le secours, succor, help, la secousse, jolt, jerk, le secret, secret; en — , secretly.
sédentaire, sedentary, indoor, le Seigneur, Lord.
le sein, bosom, lap; midst.
seize, sixteen.
seizième, sixteenth, le séjour, sojourn, stay, la selle, saddle; sans — , bareback.
selon, according to.
la semaine, week.
semblable, like, similar.
le semblant, appearance, show; faire — de, to appear as if to.
sembler, to seem.
semer, to sow.
le séminaire, seminary, theological school, college, le sens, sense; direction, purpose; — inverse, in the opposite direction.
la sensation, sensation, feeling,
impression, le sentier, path.
le sentiment, sentiment, feeling.
sentir, to feel; se —, to feel, to experience, la séparation, separation.
séparer, to separate; se — , to divide, to part, to separate.
sept, seven, le septembre, September, la sérénité, peace, quiet, le sergent, sergeant, le sergent-major, sergeant-major.
sérieusement, seriously.
sérieu-x, -se, serious; au — , seriously, le sermon, sermon.
serpenter, to wind, le serrement, grasp.
serrer, to grasp, to grip, to press together, to tighten; to shake (of hands); to sink (of heart); se — , to be entwined, to retire, to shrink, to huddle, la servante, servant, maid, le service, course (at meals).
ig8
la serviette, napkin.
servir, to serve; — à, to 6erve for, to be good for; — de, to serve as; se — de, to use.
le serviteur, servant, le seuil, threshold, seul, alone, single.
seul, the only one.
seulement, only, even, la sève, sap, health.
si, canj.y if, suppose.
si, adv., yes, yes indeed, le siècle, century, le siège, seat; — de devant, front seat.
siéger, to sit, to be seated, le signal, signal, le signe, sign; en — de, as a
sign of.
le silence, silence.
silencieusement, silently.
silencieu-x, -se, silent.
sillonner, to furrow, to cross
in every direction.
simple, simple. simplement, simply, la simplicité, simplicity, directness.
sincèrement, sincerely, frank-
ly.
singuli-er, -ère, singular.
sinistre, sinister, ominous.
sinueu-x, -se, winding.
situer, to situate.
social, social, la sœur, sister, la soif, thirst.
soigneusement, carefully, tightly, le soin, care, le soir, evening; au — , in the
evening, la soirée, evening.
soit, be it so; — ... — whether ... or.
le sol, ground, le soldat, soldier, le soleil, sun; au — , in the sun, in the open air; biens au — , real estate.
solennel, -le, solemn.
solide, solid, strong, solitaire, solitary, lonely, la solitude, solitude, la sollicitude, solicitude.
sombre, somber, gloomy, dark.
sombrer, to sink.
le sommeil, sleep.
sommeiller, to sleep, le sommet, summit, top.
son, sa, ses, his, her, its.
songer, to think, to reflect; — à, to think of.
la songerie, musing, day-dreaming.
sonner, to sound, to strike
(of clocks).
sonore, sonorous, le sorbier, sorb-tree, servicetree, la sorte, sort, kind.
sortir, to go out, to leave the house, la sottise, foolish thing, nonsense, indecency, le sou, sou, penny, le soubresaut, leap, jump; par — s, by fits and starts.
se soucier, to have a care for, to pay attention to, to mind, soudain, suddenly.
souffler, to blow out, to blow; to whisper, to prompt, le soufflet, cuff, box on the ear.
souffrir, to suffer, le soulagement, relief, se soulever, to rise.
VOCABULAIRE
le soulier, shoe.
soumettre, to submit.
soumis, submissive. soupçonner, to suspect.
le souper, supper.
souper, to take supper, le soupir, sigh, breathing.
soupirer, to sigh.
souple, supple.
sourd, dull, heavy, le sourire, smile.
sourire, to smile; se — , to
smile at each other.
sous, under, beneath, in; — forme de, in the form of.
le sous-officier, non-commissioned officer, la soutane, cassock.
soutenir, to sustain, to support, to strengthen, to maintain, le souvenir, remembrance, memory.
se souvenir (de), to remember, souvent, often, la spirale, spiral; en — , spiralshaped, winding.
splendide, splendid, brilliant, magnificent, la stalle, stall, la station, station, la statue, statue.
stipuler, to stipulate.
strident, strident, shrill.
studieu-x, -se, studious.
stupéfait, stupefied, astounded.
stupide, stupid.
subit, sudden, le subjonctif, subjunctive, le substantif, substantive, noun.
substituer, to substitute.
subtil, subtle.
succéder, to succeed, to follow.
succomber, to succumb, to be overcome, le Sud, South, la sueur, sweat.
suffire, to be sufficient.
suggérer, to suggest.
la suite, train; à sa — , after or along with him; tout de — , right away, immediately.
suivant, following.
suivre, to follow, le sujet, subject; à son — , with regard to him; au — de, about.
superbe, haughty, superior, le supérieur, superior.
supplémentaire, supplementary, extra, supplier, to beg.
supposer, to suppose.
suprême, supreme, last.
sur, on, upon, over, in, to.
surcharger, to overburden, to overload to overtask, la surexcitation, overexcitement.
sur-le-champ, immediately.
le surlendemain, second day
after, le surplis, surplice, le surplus, remainder.
surprendre, to surprise, la surprise, surprise.
le sursaut, start; en — , with a start.
surtout, especially, above all. surveiller, to watch over, la suscription, address.
suspendre, to hang up.
suspendu, suspended, la sympathie, sympathy.
sympathique, sympathetic, congenial, le synonyme, synonym, le système, system.
la table, table; — servie, table set
for a meal, le tabouret, stool, la tache, stain; sans — , stainless, la tâche, task.
la taille, height, stature, size.
tailler, to cut, to trim, le taillis, copse, wood.
se taire, to be silent, to become silent, le talent, talent, art.
le tambour, drum.
tandis que, while.
tant, so much, so long, la tante, aunt.
tantôt, now, sometimes, a little while before, le tapis, carpet.
tard, late.
tarir, to dry up; ne pas — sur, to speak of unceasingly, le tas, heap.
teindre, to tint, to color, le teint, complexion.
teint, tinted, la teinte, tint, hue.
la témérité, boldness, rash act.
tempéré, tempered.
le temps, time, weather, days; tense; au — jadis, once upon a time.
tendre, tender, affectionate.
tendre, to extend, to hold out.
la tendresse, tenderness, amiable nature.
tendu, outstretched, les Ténèbres, /. pi., Tenebrae, or service in the Catholic liturgy sung the afternoons of Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday of Holy Week.
tenir, to hold, to keep; se — debout, to stand upright; — à, to cling to, to be desirous of; se — embrassés, to embrace each other for a long time, la tente, tent.
tenter, to tempt, la tenue, dress; petite — , undress or ordinary uniform, le terme, term, end, quarter's rent.
terminé, ended, over, la terrasse, terrace.
terrestre, terrestrial, la terreur, terror.
terrible, terrible, la tête, head; en — à — , face to face, alone; mauvaise — , headstrong person, le texte, text, le théâtre, theatre, le thyrse, thyrsus (javelin topped by pine-cone); term describing flowers rising in the form of a cone, e. g., a lilac.
tiède, mild, le tiers, third part, third, timbre, clear, ringing, timide, timid, la timidité, timidity.
tinter, to ring.
tirer, to draw, to drag, le tiret, dash.
la toile, cloth; — cirée, oil-cloth, la toilette, toilet, clothes; faire sa — , to dress one's self.
toi-même, thyself, yourself, le toit, roof.
le tombeau, tomb, la tombée, fall; — de la nuit, nightfall.
tomber, to fall; mes projets sont tombés dans Peau, my plans have fallen through.
VOCABULAIRE
le ton, tone, le tonneau, barrel, la tonnelle, arbor, tordre, to twist.
tôt, soon.
touchant, touching, pathetic, toucher, to touch; bien touché,
good shot.
touffu, thick, bushy.
toujours, always, incessant" y, however, still, just the same.
le tour, turn; faire un — , to take a walk; s'enfermer à double — , to double-lock one's self in; — à — , by turns.
la tour, tower.
la Touraine, Touraine, old province of France, le tourbillon, whirl, volume, la tourelle, little tower, turret.
le tourment, torment, worry.
tourmenté, troubled.
tourmenter, to torment, to
twist.
tourner, to turn.
tournoyer, to whirl about, la tournure, appearance.
le tourtisseau, tart (peculiar to . Poitou).
tout, all, the whole; quite, wholly; — en, while; see monde, coup, grand, abord, heure, suite, toutefois, yet, still.
tracasser, to bustle, to be always in a hurry.
traduire, to translate.
tragique, tragic.
trahir, to betray.
le train, train; être en — de, to be about; mettre en — , to enliven, traînant, slow, drawling.
la traînée, line, track, trail.
traîner, to drag, to draw, le trait, feature, line.
traiter, to treat, le trajet, journey, trip.
trancher, to cut, to contrast.
tranquille, quiet.
tranquillement, quietly.
transfigurer, to transfigure, la transition, transition.
transmettre, to transmit.
transparent, transparent, le transport, transport, ecstasy.
transporter, to transport; se — , to transport one's self, to go.
trapu, thick-set.
le travail, work, labor, le travers, breadth; à — , through,
across; en — , crosswise, la traverse, cross-road; à la — , in the way.
traverser, to cross.
trébucher, to stumble, le treillis, lattice, lattice-work.
tremblant, trembling.
trembler, to tremble.
trembloter, to quiver.
se trémousser, to flutter about.
trente, thirty.
trente-trois, thirty-three, le trésor, treasure.
tressaillir, to tremble, to shudder.
tressauter, to fly off.
le tricorne, three-cornered hat.
trinquer, to clink glasses, to drink a health.
triomphant, triumphant.
triompher, to triumph.
triple, triple, la tristesse, sadness.
trois, three.
troisième, third.
tromper, to deceive, to beguile, to take in; se — , to be mistaken; se — de . . ., to take the wrong . . .
trop, too much, too.
le trot, trot; au grand — , at full trot.
troublant, troublesome, vexing, le trouble, commotion, bewilderment. troubler, to muddle, to trouble, la troupe, troops, soldiers, le troupeau, flock, herd.
trouver, to find; se — , to be.
tu, thou, you.
tuer, to kill; à tue-tête, at the top of one's voice, le tulle, tulle, le tumulte, tumult, noise, tumultueu-x, -se, noisy, turbulent, turbulent, la Turquie, Turkey.
un, a, an, one.
un uniforme, uniform.
unique, only.
unir, to unite.
la vache, cow.
vague, vague, indistinct, unsettled.
vaillant, worth, worth anything.
vain, vain, vaincre, to conquer, la valise, valise, la vallée, valley.
valoir, to be worth; — mieux,
to be better or preferable.
vanter, to boast, to boast of.
la vapeur, steam, vapor, le vase, vase.
vaste, vast, large, le véhicule, vehicle, la veille, eve, evening before, la veilleuse, night-lamp, la veine, vein, humor, mood.
velouté, velvety, soft, la venaison, venison, la vendange, grape harvest, vintage, le vendangeur, vintager, grapegatherer.
vénérable, venerable, sacred.
venir, to come; — de, to have just; — à bout, to succeed; nouveau venu, new-comer; premier venu, first-comer, le vent, wind; en plein — , in the
open air.
le ventre, belly; — à terre, at breakneck speed.
ventrebleu ! by Jove !
le vêpre, evening; — s, evening
service, le ver, worm; — luisant, glowworm, le verbe, verb.
verdoyant, green, growing green, la verdure, verdure, le verger, orchard.
vermeil, -le, vermilion, rosy, le verre, glass; — s de couleur,
colored lanterns, le verrou, bolt.
verrouiller, to bolt, vers, toward, le versant, slope.
verser, to pour, to turn.
vert, green, vigorous, la vertu, virtue, strength, la verve, animation, dash, la verveine, verbena, la vesprée, evening, evening gathering of the family, la veste, jacket, le vêtement, clothing, clothes.
VOCABULAIRE
vêtir, to clothe; se — , to dress.
vêtu, dressed, clad, la veuve, widow.
la viande, meat, food, dish.
vibrant, vibrant, penetrating.
vibrer, to vibrate, le vicaire, vicar, curate, la victoire, victory, la vie, life; — à trois, we three
living together, la vieille, old woman, la vielle, hurdy-gurdy, le vielleux, hurdy-gurdy player.
vieux, vieil, -le, old; vieille fille, old maid.
vif, vive, live, strong, intense, quick.
la vigne, vine, vineyard.
vigoureusement, vigorously, boldly.
vigoureu-x, -se, vigorous, la vigueur, vigor, le village, village, la ville, town, city; hôtel de — ,
town hall, le vin, wine.
vingt, twenty.
violemment, violently, la violence, violence; se faire — , to do violence to one's feelings.
violet, -te, violet-colored. • la violette, violet, le violon, violin, le vis-à-vis, partner.
visible, visible, plain, clear, la visite, visit, le visiteur, visitor.
vite, quickly, la vitesse, speed, la vitre, pane of glass, la vivacité, vivacity, liveliness.
vivant, lively, living.
vivement, sharply, brilliantly, clearly, quickly, angrily.
vivre, to live, la vocation, vocation, call, inclination.
voici, here is, here are, see here, lo! here, la voie, way, road; par — s et par chemins, on the go.
voilà, there is, there are, see
there, behold.
voilé, veiled, quiet.
voir, to see.
voisin, nearby, neighboring, next, le voisin, neighbor, la voiture, carriage; pleasurecarriage.
la voix, voice; à demi , in an
undertone; à — basse, in a low voice; éclats de — , shouts, la volée, flight, peal, volley.
voler, to fly.
le volet, blind, shutter.
voleter, to flutter, la volonté, will, wish.
volontiers, willingly, gladly.
vouer, to vow.
vouloir, to wish, to want; — bien, to consent, to be willing.
vous, you, to you.
vraiment, really, truly, la vue, sight, view, la vulgarité, vulgarity, coarseness.
y, there; to it, to them, about it, for it.
les yeux, m. pi. of œil.
le zèle, zeal.
