J.-A. Froude, Lord Beaconsjield, 1890, p

6. Stanley Kuhl Hornbeck, The most-favored-nation clause in commercial treaties ; Bulletin of the University of Wisconsin ; n" 343, 1910.

7. Ch. Seignobos, L'évolution de la IW République (1875- 1914), livre III, chapitre t.

8. Mary-Evelyn Townsend, Origins cj modem german colonialism, 1871-1885, p. 75.