Princ. of Pop. i™ éd., pp

67. Principlet of PolUical Economy, etc., 6J. do 1836, introduction, pp. 14-15.

68. The grounds of an opinion on the polie y of restricting the importation of foreign corn; intended as an appendice to « Observations on the Corn Laws », London> 1815, pp. 23-42.

60. \V. of X., Book I, chap. x; part IL ; vol. I, pp. 137-138.

70. \V. of X., Book V, chap. i, art. 11; vol. II, pp. 365-366.

BENTHAM, JAMES MfLL ET LES BENTHAMITKS

1. Pour tous les détails de la biographie de Mill, voir James Mill : a biograpky; by Alexander Bain, 1882.

2. Lettre à Thomas Thomson. Londres, 13 mars 1802 (Bain, p. 37).

3. La femme du chimiste Thomson, professeur de chimie à Glasgow, était une miss Colqhoun; et Bentham connaissait la famille Colqhoun : est-ce par les Colqhoun que Mill fît la connaissance de Bentham ? (V. Bain, p. 162 ; Bowring, vol. X, p. 329 et passim). — V. également une lettre de Bentham à David Collins, du5avrill8U3(Bowring, vol. X, p. 401), où il parle

' de la Chimie de Thomson, alors lecturer à Edimbourg : il n'a pas encore vu le livre, mais tout le inonde en dit du bien. — Thomson était, d'autre part, à Edimbourg, l'ami de George Wilson, lui-même ami de jeunesse de Bentham (Romilly, Diary, 1812, Mem. vol. III, pp. 51-52.).

4. Fragment on Mackintosh, cité par Bain, pp. 71-2 : It is also a matter of fact, that till within a very few years of thedeath of Mr. Bentham, the men, of any pretension to lelters, who shared his intimacy, and saw enough of him to hâve the opportunity of learning much from his lips, were, in number, two. Thèse meu were familiar witli the writings of Mr. Bentham ; one ofthem, al feast, before he was acquainted with his jœrson. And they were neither of them men, who look anybody for a master, though they were drawn to Mr. Bentham by the sympathy of common opinions, and by the respect duc to a mari who had done more than anybody else to illustrate and recommend doctrines which they deemedof first rate importance to the happinessof mankind. — John Mill, Autobiography, pp. 54-55 • But rny fat lier was the earliest Englishman of any great mark, who thoroughly understood, and ia the main adopted, Bentham's gênerai views of ethics, government and law : and tins was a natural foundation for sympathy between them, and made them familiar companions in a period of Bentham's life during which he admilted much fewer visitors than was the case subsequently.

il 22

338 NOTES. (Pp. 180-188)

5. Add. Mss. Brit. Mus. 383, 544, p. 426: Dumont à Bentham, 8 avril 1809 Bowring. vol. X, p. 449.

6. « On doit me permettre, écrivait Bentham -Dumont dans son Traité de r influence des temps et des lieux en matière de législation* les fictions les plus présomptueuses. Je vais nf arroger le pouvoir suprême. Je commence, en vertu de cette autorisation plénière, à donner à l'Angleterre ce système de lois que je n'avais fait jusqu'à préVnt qu'offrir à la discussion des philosophes. Après cela, sans m'arréter dans mes conquêtes législatives, je vais chercher, sur le globe entier, un pays où je puisse établir mes institutions. IYendrai-je la Chine?... Sera-ce le Canada?... Tout bien pesé, je donne la préférence au Bengale : là tout diffère, climat, mœurs, langage, religion; c'est un autre monde, et je ne pouvais trouver un exemple plus riche en instruction, un contraste plus évident et plus propre au dé\elop|»eiiient de tous les principes qu'on doit suivre dans la transplantation des lois. » — Cf. James Mi 11, British India, book î, chapter i (éd. Wilson, vol. I, pp. 2-3) :The subject formsan entire, and highly interesting, portion «>f the British History ; and it is hardi y possible that the rnattershould hâve been brought together. for the lirst time, without being instructive, how unskilfully sœver the task may bave been |>erformed. If. the success corresponded with the wishes of the author, he would throw light upon a state of society, curious, and commonly misunderstood ; upon the history of society, which in the compass of bis work présents itself in almost ail its stages and ail its shapes; upon the principles of législation, in which he lias so many important experiments to describe ; and upon interests of his country, of which, to a great degree, his eountrymen hâve rcmained in ignonince, while préjudice usurped the prérogatives of understanding. — Cf. Book II, chap. x (vol. II. pp. 152-153*. — 11 consent de noter que Bentham avait toujours été obsédé par l'idée de légiférer pour les Indes. V. Bowring, vol X, p. 292 : Bentham à Oundas, 20 mai 1793. Something in the way of législation may be deemed wanting for Hindostan. Diverted of ail local préjudices, but not the les» sensible oftheir force, and of the nceessity of respecting them, ! could with tlie saine facility tuni my hand to the eoncerns of that distant country, as to those of the parish in which I live.