quelque chose de doux, de fort, etc. This is what is

called in Latin granimar the partitive genitive. Cf. :

Quidnovi? Ijiuru i. «>

A • j 0 ) What nev/s ?

(^1101 de nouveau ? j

Cf. also ;

Manger dupaiJ^i,) ^° «^* (««•"'^) ^'''^'^-

" And deck it like the queen's For richness, and me also like the queen In ail I hâve o/rich." 16. en demeurer. ' To be struck by... ,' is, in French, être frappé de ... . The pronoun must therefore be in the genitive case. 18. tout entière. What is the rule for the agreement of tout used adverbially? How would you say, ' She was quite surprised ' ?

se fit entendre. Say, ' was heard.' The reflexive verb frequently corresponds to an English passive.

31. il ne s'agissait que. Ne ... que-' only,' This very fréquent elliptical is net always understood as it should be. Of course, additional words must be supplied. Ex. : Jl n'y a (personne) que lui à la maison, ' There is no one but he at home.' Il n'a (pas phi,s) que vinr/t ans, ' He is not more than twenty.'

32. à coups de pierre. Conti-ast the following : Il le tua à coups de couteau. Il le tua d'wn coup de couteau. Il le tua avec son couteau.

Page 5.

4. faire... aux assaillants. The construction oi faire with a verbal nouii lias been explaiued (see note to p. 2, 1. 26). It muât be

noticed that, when the infiuitive following/aiVe has a direct ohject, the object to /aire stands in the dative case, called dative of the agent. Contrast : Je le ferai écrire, 'I shall niake him wiite'; but, Je lui ferai écrire la lettre, ' I shall make him write the letter.' This also applies to verbs of j^erceiviiig {voir, entendre, etc.) : Je le lui ai vri faire, ' I saw him do it.' Je le lui ai entendu dire, 'I heard him say it.'

7. Quant à. Note the différence of spelling between quand, 'when,' and quant à, 'as for.'

13. qu'avaient donc ... à. This is elliptical. Supply the object to avaient : {quelle raison) avaient donc, etc. Note the inversion ; re-write the same sentence, following the iisnal order of words.

25. truandaille, 'rabble.' From an old French word truand, ' a tranip.' The suffix -aille is depreciative : cf. canaille, ' rabble,' valetaille, ' menials,' etc.

c'est une honte ... que ... puissent. The subjonctive is used after ail verbs or expressions denoting a state of mind (wish, pleasure, fear, surprise, and the like). Cf. E est regrettable qzi'il soit parti.

28. il faudra en finir. Il faut usually governs the subjunctive, but a subjunctive can sometimes be replaced bij an infinitive, provided that both verbs (principal and dépendant) hâve the same subject. If we translate il faudra by a personal verb it wîll easily be seen that its subject is the same as that oi finir : ' We shall hâve to put a stop to it.'

Page 6.

18. Le grand Messire, 'God.' Mesaire is, etymologically, the same word as monseigneur, 'my lord' (Lat. senior). The modem équivalent is monsieur.

20. pour que nous restions. The subjunctive is used in French, as in Latin, in clauses of purpose. Cf. Edo ut l'ïvajn, 'I eat, so that I may live,' The intinitive may sometimes be substituted. When ?

Page 7.

2. Romée. This was a surname given to Jeanne's mother because she had beeu ou a pilgriniage to Rome.

7. Remy devait passer, ' Remy was to pass. ' The verb devoir is one of the auxiliaries of 7noocl used in the formation of périphrastic tenses. Thèse are the following : Immédiate présent : Je suis en train de lire, ' I am busy reading.' Immédiate past : Je viens de sortir, ' I bave just gonc out.' Immédiate future : Je vais sortir, '1 am just going out.' Prospective future: Je dois sortir, or J'ai à sortir, ' I hâve to (or am to) go out.'

27. lui était ... à elle-même. When an emphatic personal pronoun stands as subject or object to a verb, another pronoun is frequently supplied for! the sake of emphasis. How would you translate : ' Know thyself.' ' I spoke to herself.'?

32. sa famille trop pauvre. EUiptical. Supply the missing verb.

ne voulant point que . . . retranchât. Verbs of ivisking and commanding require the dépendent verb in the subjunctive.

Page 8.

15. peut-être que, lit. 'it may be that.' Tins literal construction explains the use of the conjunction.

23. c'està...de, 'itisfor...to.' Contrast : C'est àvousk parler ' It is for you (your turn) to speak. ' C'est à vous de parler, ' It is for you (your duty) to speak.'