qui allait sortir. See note to p

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S. suivie de. De is frequently used in French instead of par, ' by.' It marks really a Latin ablative case :

Lat. mectusdeDeo,^ .çj^ of ^.^^ ,

Choisi de Dieu, j by

This is the same construction that used to be common in English. Cf. ' Ye shall be hated of ail men.'

9. Quelle que fût. The subjunctive is used in clauses introduced by qui ... que, quoi ... que, and quel ... qîte.

10. l'autre règne. .4?(i!?'e = 'previous,' 'preceding,' 'last.'

19. aventuriers armés. In the Middle Ages soldiers very seldom received either pay, provisions, or ammunition, andthey had to " beg, borrow, or steal " — most frequently the latter. Some had formed themselves iuto regular bands and organized a whole

System of pillage. They were called by various names, such as grandes han<lefs, grandes compagnies, houspilleurs, écorcheurs, etc.

21. Encore ... échappait-elle, ' Yetthe nobility ... .' After such wonls as aussi, ' therefore ' ; à peine, ' hardly ' ; jnnt-étre, ' perhaps,' an inversion is freqnently used. An inverted constriiction, though notquitesimilar, also exists in English and German. Cf. A peine le général fut-il tombé, 'Scarcely had the gênerai fallen.'

30. mit ... à même, idiomatic, ' euabled,' ' afforded . . . an opportunity to.'

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