chapitre, w., chapter, chapter

house.

chaque, each, every.

char, 7?i., car, chariot.

charge,/., charge, load, burden,

encumbrance ; position.

charger (de, with), charge, load,

burden, intrust, charité,/., charity, love, charmant, -e, charming, delight-

ful.

charme, ///., charm, beauty, attraction.

charmer, charm, delight ; lend a

charm to.

charmille,/, yoke-elm, hedge (of

yoke-elm).

charrette,/., cart.

chartrier, m., charter-chest.

chasse, /., chase, hunt, hunting,

sport.

chasser, chase, hunt, drive away.

chasseur, m., hunter.

châssis, m., sash, frame.

chat, -te, m./., cat.

châtaignier, ;//., chestnut-tree.

château, ///., castle, manor.

châtelaine,/., lady of a castle.

châtiment, m., chastisement, pun-

ishment.

chaud, -e, warm, hot.

chauffe,/., warmer, heater.

chauffe-pieds, ///., foot-warmer.

chauffer, warm, heat.

chaumière,/., cottage, but.

chaussée,/., causeway.

chavirer, upset, capsize.

chef, m., chief, head.

chemin, w. (de, to), way, road ; —

de fer, railway ; — de traverse,

cross-road.

cheminée,/., chimney, fire-place.

chêne, m., oak.

ch-er, -ère, dear, fond, chercher, look or search for,

seek.

chéri, -e, cherished, beloved,

dearest, pet.

chéti-f, -ve, mean, wretched,

sorry.

cheval, m., horse ; à — , on horse-

back.

chevaleresque, chivalrous.

chevalier, ///., knight.

chevauchée, /., ride, riding,

course, chevelu, -e, hairy, long-haired.

chevelure,/., hair, head of hair.

chevet, w., bolster, pillow.

cheveu, w., hair; à — x gris, grey-

haired.

chez, at, in, among ; at or in or to

the house of ; — soi, at one's

house or home, chien, w., dog, hound.

chiffre, w., figure, number.

chimère,/., chimera, fancy.

chimérique, chimerical, fanciful.

Chine,/., China.

choc, w., shock, collision, chocolat, m., chocolaté, chœur, w., choir, chorus, choisi, -e, chosen, choice.

choisir, choose, sélect, choix, ;//., choice.

choquant, -e, offensive.

choquer, shock, strike against:

offend.

chose,/, thing, affair.

chouette,/., owl.

chuchoter, whisper.

chut, hush !

chute,/., fall. ci, hère, this ; par ci ... parla, hère

and there, at intervais, ci-après, hereafter, later.

ci-devant, before, formerly.

ciel, //. cieux, ciels, m., heaven,

sky ; weather.

cigare, m., cigar.

cil, m., eyelash, lash.

cime,/., top, summit.

cimetière, m., cemetery.

VOCABULARY

cinq, fîve.

cinquante, tifty.

cintre, w., arch.

cintré, -e, arched, circular.

circonstance, /"., circumstance, oc-

circulaire,/., circular.

circuler, circulate.

cire, y., wax.

ciré, -e, waxed, clean.

cirer, wax. glaze, clean.

cirque, ;;/., circus.

ciseau, ///., chisel.

citer, cite, mention.

civiliser, civilize.

clair, /;/., light.

clair, -e, clear, bright, light.

clairement, clearly, plainly, evidently.

clairière,/., glade, clearing.

clameur,/., clamor, cry ; outcry.

clarté,/., brightness, light.

classe,/., class.

clause,/., clause, condition, stipulation.

clef,/, key (de, to).

client, -e, w./., client, customer.

cligner, wink.

clocher, m., steeple, bell-tower; parish.

cloître, m., cloister.

cloîtrer (se), cloister or shut up one's self.

clos, -e, closed.

clôture,/, enclosure, fence.

code, ///., code, law.

cœur, w., heart; stomach.

coiffe,/., head-dress.

coiffure,/, head-dress.

coin, m., corner, angle, nook.

colère,/., anger, rage, fury.

collaborateur, m., associate, assistant.

colline,/, hill, hillock.

colombier, ///., pigeon-house.

colon, ;;/., colonist, planter.

colonie,/, colony.

colosse, w., colossus.

combat, ///., combat, battle, struggle.

combattre, combat, fight, fight against.

combien, how much, how many ; how.

combinaison,/, combination.

combiner, combine.

combler, rtll up ; — de, load or overwhelm with.

comédie,/, comedy.

commandant, ///., commander.

commandement, ;//., command,

commander, command, order.

comme, as, like, as if, as it were ; as well as.

commencement, m., commencement, beginning.

commencer, commence, begin.

comment, how, why, what.

commentaire, m., comment, remark.

commerçant, -e, w. /, commercial man or woman.

commettre, commit.

commis, see commettre.

commun, -e, common, gênerai, mutual.

communauté, /., community ; communion.

commune,/, parish. [^l'y-

communément, commonly, usu-

communiquer, communicate, lead.

compagne,/, companion.

compagnie,/, company ; demoiselle de — , lady's companion.

compagnon, ///., companion.

compagnonne,/, female companion.

comparer, compare.

compensation, /., compensation ; set-off.

complaire à, please ; se — , take pleasure or delight (in).

complaisance, /., complacency, readiness to please.

VOCABULARY

complaisant, -e, obliging.

compl-et, -èie, complète, utter.

complètement, completely.

compléter, complète, fill out ; se — , be or become complète.

complice, m.f., accomplice.

complicité,/., complicity.

compliment, m., compliment, congratulation.

compliquer, complicate.

composer, compose, make up.

comprendre, comprehend, understand.

compris, see comprendre.

compromettre, compromise, expose.

compte, m., account, part ; pour le — de, on account of, for ; se rendre — de, account for.

compter, count, number ; intend, rely.

comte, m., count.

comtesse,/., countess.

concentré, -e, concentrated.

concerner, concern, relate to.

concevoir, conceive, understand ; express.

concierge, m.f., door-keeper, porter.

concilier, conciliate.

conclure, conclude.

concours, concourse, assembling ; coopération.

conçu, see concevoir.

condamner, condemn, subject.

condescendance, /., condescension.

condescendre, condescend.

condoléance,/., condolence.

conduc-teur, -trice, m.f., conJuctor, driver ; guard.

conduire, conduct, lead, take

conduisis, see conduire.

conduite,/., conduct.

conférence, /., conférence, discussion.

confesser, confess, acknowledge.

confiance,/., confidence, confident, -e, m.f., confidant.

confidentiel, -le, confidential.

confier, confide, trust, intrust, confirmer, confîrm, prove.

confondre, confound, mingle, confuse ; amaze.

conforme, conformable, suitable;

peu — , inconsistent.

conformer (se) à, conform to,

comply with.

conformité,/, conformity.

confortable, comfortable, agree-

able.

confrère, m., brother, brother bar-

rister.

confus, -e, confused, abashed.

confusément, confusedly, dimly.

congé, m., leave, congédier, dismiss, discharge, conjecturer, conjecture, guess.

conjoints, m. pL, husband and

wife.

connaissance, /., knowledge, ac-

quaintance ; consciousness ; — s,

knowledge, learning.

connaisseu-r, -se, m.f., connois-

seur, judge.

connaître, know, be acquainted

with. connu, see connaître, conquête,/., conquest.

consacrer, consecrate, apply.

conscience, /., conscience ; avoir

— de, be conscious of ; en — ,

conscientiously.

conscientieu-x, -se, conscien-

tious.

conseil, m., counsel, advice ; coun-

sellor, adviser.

conseiller, counsel, advise.

conseill-er, -ère, m.f., counsellor,

adviser.

consentir, consent, consent or as-

sent to.

conséquemment, consequently,

therefore.

V oc A BU LA R Y

conséquent, -e, conséquent, consistent ; par — , consequently.

conserver, ]>reserve, keep.

considérable, considérable, large, of value ; eminent.

considérer, consider, esteem.

consigner, consigu ; record.

consoler, console, comfort ; se — de, console one's self for.

consommé, -e, consummate, perfect.

constant, -e, constant, certain.

constater, state ; establish.

consterner, strike with consternation, dismay, overwhelm.

constituer, constitute, form.

construction, /., construction, building.

consulter, consult ; se — , reflect.

consumer, consume.

contact, w., contact, connection.

contagieu-x, -se, contagious.

conte, w., taie, story.

contempler, contemplate, consider.

contenance,/., countenance, look; demeanor.

contenir, contain, hold, confine ; restrain.

content, -e (de, with), content, contented, satisfied.

contentement, w., contentment, satisfaction.

contenter (se) de, content one's self with, be contented or satisfied with.

contenu, m., contents.

conter, relate, tell.

contester, contest.

conteu-r, -se, ;//. /., teller, storyteller.

conteu -r, -se, fond of telling stories, talkative.

contiendrai, ///A of contenir.

contigu, -ë, à, contiguous to, adjoining.

contins, Jtv contenir.

continu, e, continued, continuous.

continuel, -le, continuai.

continuer, continue.

contracter, contract, make ; catch.

contrainte,/., constraint, restraint.

contraire, contrary ; unfavorable.

contraire, ;//., contrary, opposite.

contrairement, contrarily, contrary.

contrarier, oppose, thwart; annoy.

contraste, m., contrast.

contraster, contrast.

contrat, /;/., contract, settlement.

contre, against, contrary to.

contredit, m., contradiction ; sans — , unquestionably.

contrée,/, country, région.

contre-fort, m., buttress.

contre-partie, /., counterpart, reverse.

convaincre, convince.

convenable, expédient, proper.

convenance, /., convenience, expediency ; fitness ; — s, proprieties.

convenir; — à, suit, please; — de, agrée, admit; be proper to.

convention, /., agreement, condi- I tion.

conviens, siu- convenir.

' convins, sec convenir.

convive, w., guest.

convoi, w., procession.

convoiter, covet.

convoitise, covetousness, lust.

convulsi-f, -ve, convulsive.

convulsivement, convulsively.

copie,/., copy,

copier, copy.

copieu-x, -se, copious, ample.

coquetterie, /'., coquetry, affectation.

corbeille,/., basket.

corde,/., cord, string.

cordialement, cordially.

cordialité,/., cordiality.

VOCABULARY

cordon, tn., cord, ribbon, twist.

corne,/., horn,

cornemuse,/., bagpipe.

corps, m., body.

correction, /., correction, correctness.

correspondance, /., correspondance. .

corsage, m., body, waist.

corsaire, ?n., corsair, privateer.

corvette,/., sloop of war.

côte,/, coast, shore; hill.

côté, m., side, way, direction, part; à — , by, on one side; à — de, by the side of; à ses -^s, at one's side; aux — s de, by the side of ; de - — , on (to) one side; de quel — , which way.

coteau, fn., hillock, hill; declivity.

cou, m., neck.

couche,/., bed, layer.

couché, -e, lying down, reclining.

coucher, lay, lay down; se — , lie down, go to bed.

couler, flow, trickle down, run down.

couleur,/, color, pretence.

coulis, m., port-cullis; jelly ; vent — , draught of air.

coup, m., blow, stroke; — sur — , one after another ; tout à — , ail of a sudden, ail at once.

coupable, guilty.

coupe,/, cup; eut, feeling.

couper, eut, eut across or off.

cour, /, court, yard ; faire la — à, pay court to.

courant, -e, current, présent.

courant, m., current, course, stream ; au — de, in the course of; acquainted or conversant ' with; tenir au — , keep up.

courber, curb, bend; se —, bend, stoop.

coureur, ?n., runner; hunter.

courir, run, hasten; run about, runtrseek after; be exposed to.

couronne,/, crown, wreath.

couronner, crown.

courroucer, incense, anger, pro-

voke.

courroux, anger, wrath, rage, cours, ?«., course, flow; lecture.

course, /., course, race, run, run-

ning.

court, -e, short, brief.

courtois, -e, courteous.

courtoisie, /, courtesy.

coussin, m., cushion.

coussinet, m., small cushion, pil-

low.

couteau, m., knife.

coûter, cost ; en — , cost, be pain-

ful.

coûteu-x, -se, expensive, coutume,/, custom, habit; de — ,

usually, usual; avoir — de, be

accustomed to.

couvent, w., convent.

couvrir, cover (de, with) ; drown ;

cloud.

couvert, see couvrir, craindre, fear, dislike; — de, fear

to, be afraid.

crainte, /., fear.

cramponner (se), cling.

crâne, m., skull.

craquement, m., cracking, creak-

ing.

craquer, crack, creak.

cravache,/, riding-whip.

cravate,/., cravat, tie.

crayon, m., pencil.

créance,/, credence; debt, claim.

créanci-er, -ère, w./., creditor.

crème,/, cream, custard.

créole, m./., créole, West Indian.

crêpe, ;«., crape.

crépuscule, tn., twilight.

crête,/, crest.

creuser, dig, make hollow.

creux, ;;/., hollow.

crevasse,/, crevice, gully.

crever, burst, die (de, for).

VOCABULARY

cri, w., ciy, shout, scream.

crier, cry, cry ont.

criminel, -le, criminal, unlawful.

crise, /'., crisis, fit, spell.

crisper, contract; se — , contract,

shrivcl (up).

croire, believe, think, deem, con-

sider; — à, believe in; je (le)

crois bien, I should think so.

croisade, /., crusade.

croiser, cross, cruise ; se — avec,

pass each other, pass, meet.

croisière, y., cruise, cruising party.

croissant, -e, increasing, growing.

croitre, increase, grow.

croix,/., cross; en — , in the form

of a cross, croquer, craunch, eat up.

croûte,/., crust.

croyance,/., belief.

cru, sc-c- croire, cruauté,/., cruelty.

crue,/., rising.

cruel, -le, cruel, hard, sad.

cuirassé, -e, armed with a cuirass.

cuire, cook ; faire — , cook, dress.

cuivre, ;//., copper.

culbuter, throw down, turn over.

culte, w., worship, adoration, cultiver, cultivate.

curé, ///., rector, parson.

curieusement, euriously.

curieu-x, -se, curious.

curiosité,/., curiosity.

cynique, ///., cynic.

daigner, deign, condescend, dalle, /., slab, tlagstone ; — tu-

mulaire, grave-stone.

dame, /., lacly.

dangereu-x, -se, dangerous.

dans, in, into, with, within,

among.

danse, y., dance, dancing.

danseu-r, -se, w./.,dancer.

darder, dart.

davantage, more.

de, of, from, by, with ; as, as a ;

than.

débarquer, disembark, land.

débarras, ;;/., riddance.

débarrasser, disembarrass, clear,

rid ; se — de, get rid of.

débattre, debate ; se — , struggle,

strive.

déblayer, clear.

déborder, overflow, burst forth.

debout, up, upright, standing ; se

tenir — , stand up.

débris, ;;/., ruins, remains, débrouiller, disentangle.

début, m., beginning, outset.

débuter, begin.

deçà, on this side, hère ; en — , on

this side.

décapiter, l^ehead.

décéder, decease, die.

décence,/., decency.

décent, -e, décent, proper.

déchaîner, unchain, turn loose.

décharné, -e, emaciated, thin,

fieshless.

déchiffrer, decipher.

déchirant, -e, heart-rending, ago

nizing.

déchiré, -e, torn, tattered.

déchirement, w., rending, anguish.

déchirer, tear, rend ; torture, déchoir, fall.

déchu, .i<v déchoir, décidément, decidedly, really.

décider, décide or détermine (à,

on) ; induce ; se — , make up

one's mind (to), décide, settle.

décisi-f, -ve, décisive, positive, déclarer, déclare ; denounce.

décliner, décline, décombres, /«. //., rubbish.

déconcerter, disconcert, baùle.

décontenancer, put out of counte-

nance, disconcert.

VOCABULARY

découper, eut out, eut, carve.

décourager, discourage, découvert, see découvrir, découverte,/., discovery.

découvrir, discover, uncover.

décrocher, unhook, take down.

dédaigner, disdain, scorn.

dédaigneu-x, -se, disdainful.

dédain, m.^ disdain, contempt,

scorn.

dédale, m., labyrinth, maze.

dedans, in, within ; au — , within,

at home, déesse,/., goddess.

défaillance,/.,- failing, weakness.

défaillir, fail, faint.

défaut, m., fau'lt, defect.

défendre, forbid (de, to) ; se —

de, défend one's self from, help.

défendu, -e, forbidden. déférence,/., déférence, regard, défiance,/., diffidence, distrust.

défiant, -e, distrustful, suspi-

cious.

défiler, défile, file off.

définiti-f , -ve, définitive, final ;

en définitive, finally, in short, définitivement, definitively, defi-

nitely, decidedly.

déflorer, deflower; se — , lose ail

its bloom. [deem.

dégager, disengage, release ; redégoût, m. y disgust, distaste, dis-

like.

dégrader, dégrade, debase.

degré, w., degree, extent, step.

déguiser, disguise.

dehors, m., outside, exterior ; au

— , out, outside, abroad ; en — ,

without.

dehors, outside.

déjà, already.

déjeuner, w., breakfast, lunch, déjeuner, breakfast, take lunch.

delà, beyond ; au — , above, be-

yond ; au — de, beyond.

délai, m., delay.

délation,/., information, accusation.

délibéré, -e, deliberate, resolute ; easy.

délibérément, deliberately, boldly.

délicat, -e, délicate, refined ; difficult.

délicatesse, /., delicacy, refinement.

délicieusement, deliciously.

délicieu-x, -se, delicious, delightful.

délit, m., offence, crime ; en flagrant — , in the very act.

délivrer, deliver, set free, rid.

déloyal, -e, dishonest, unfair.

déluge, w., déluge.

demain, to-morrow.

demande,/, demand, request.

demander, demand, ask, call for ; require ; — à, ask of or for ; se — , ask one's self, wonder.

démarche, gait, walk, step ; proceeding.

démasquer, unmask.

démêler, disentangle, unravel.

démence,/., insanity, madness.

démentir, give the lie to, belle.

démesurément, excessively, immoderately.

demeure,/, abode, résidence.

demeurer, réside, remain, be, become.

demi, -e, half ; à — , by halves.

demi-jour, w., dim light, twilight.

demi-sang, m., half-blood, halfbreed. [tone.

demi-voix, /.; à — , in an under-

demoiselle, /., young lady, unmarried woman ; — de compagnie, lady companion.

démon, m., démon, devil.

démordre de, give up.

dénantir (se) de, give up ; reveal.

dénaturer, disfigure, misrepresent.

dénigrement, ;«., disparagement, traducing.

VOCABULARY

dénoncer, denounce ; announce.

dénouer, untic, undo, loosen,

dénoùment, ///., event, issue.

denrée, y., commodity, ])rovision.

dent, /., tooth; à belles — s, | heartilv.

dentelle, -e, indented, serrated.

dentelle, /'., lace, lace-work.

dénùment, w., destitution.

départ; w., departure.

département, w., department, section.

dépasser, pass, go beyond, exceed, surpass.

dépêcher (se), make haste.

dépendance, /., dépendance, dej)endency.

dépendre, dépend (de, on); take down.

dépenser, spend.

dépit, 1)1., spite, vexation.

déplacer, displace, remove.

déplaire à, displease.

déplorable, déplorable, unfortunate.

déployer, unfold, display.

déplu, sec déplaire.

déposer, dépose, lay down, place ; leave.

dépôt, ;//., deposit.

dépouillement, m., taking out for exaniination; abstract.

dépouiller, despoil, strip ; take out for examination; give an abstract of.

depuis, since, from, for, after.

déranger, dérange, unsettle.

dérisoire, derisive, absurd.

dérive, /"., drift, current.

dériver, drift.

darni-er, -ère, last.

dérobé, -e, stolen; private; à la — , stealthily.

dérober (à, from), steal; hide.

dérouler, unroll, unfold.

derrière, behind ; de — , hind ; par — , bthind.

dès, from, even from, since; — que, as soon as, when ; — le (la), the (that) very; — le matin, at daun.

désagréable, disagreeable, unpltasant.

désagrément, w., disagreeableness, annoyance.

désappointement, /;/., disappointment.

désapprouver, disapprove of.

désastre, m., disaster.

descendance,/., descent, lineage.

descendre (de, from), descend, go down, alight; faire — , make descend, let down.

descripti-f, -ve, descriptive.

désert, ///., désert.

désert, -e, désert, deserted.

désespéré, -e, desperate, disconsolate.

désespérer, despair; drive to despair; se — , be in despair.

désespoir, w., despair, grief.

déshériter, disinherit.

déshonneur, w., dishonor, disgrâce.

déshonorer, dishonor, disgrâce.

desideratum, m., {Latin) desideratum.

désigner, designate, point out.

désillusion, /., 4isiHusion.

désintéressé, -e, disinterested.

désintéressement, /;/., disinterestechiess.

désir, m., désire, wish.

désirer, désire, wish, want.

désolé, -e, desolate, distressed.

désordonné, -e, disorderly, inordinate.

désordre, ;;/.. disorder.

désormais, henceforth.

desséché, -e, dried up, parched.

dessécher, dry up.

dessein, w., design, purpose, jîlan.

dessin, m., drawing, sketch.

VOCABULARY

dessiner, draw, sketch, trace ; se — , be outlined, become visible.

dessus, on, upon, over; par — , upon, over, above.

destin, m., destiny, fate.

destinée,/"., destiny, fate,

destiner, destine, intend.

détachement, m., detachment; indifférence.

détacher, detach, unf asten ; break ; se — , become detached, be emitted, fall, leave ; appear, rise.

détail, w., détail, particular.

détailler, détail.

détendre, unbend, relax; se — , unbend, give.

déterminer, détermine, settle; se — , be determined, détermine, décide.

détour, w., turn, turning, winding.

détourner, turn aside, divert, dissuade.

détresse, y., distress, grief.

détruire, destroy.

dette,/., debt.

deuil, m., mourning.

deux, two, a f ew ; en — , in two, double ; tous (toutes) — , both.

Deux-Siciles, pr. n., the Two Sicilies, an old kingdom composed of Naples and Sicily.

deuxième, second.

devancer, go before; anticipate.

devant, before, in the présence of ; de — , fore. [fold.

développer, develop, spread, undevenir, become, grow.

devienne, see devenir.

deviner, divine, guess.

devins, see devenir.

dévoiler, unveil, discover, reveal.

devoir, f?i., duty; — s, duties, respects; se mettre en — de, set about.

devoir, owe, be due, be indebted, be obliged; be to, be likely; must, should, ought.

dévolu, -e, devolved; être — à,

devolve on.

dévorer, devour, consume; — de

l'œil, gaze at.

dévouement, m., dévotion, dévouer, dévote, dedicate.

devrais, see devoir, diable, w. and interj., devil, deuce,

the deuce; que — , what the

deuce.

diadème, m., diadem.

diamant, w., diamond.

diantre, m., (the) deuce.

Dieu, ;//., God.

diffamer, defame, slander.

différer, defer, put off, delay.

difficile, difficult, hard, trying.

difficilement, with difficulty.

difficulté,/., difficulty.

digne, dignified, worthy.

dignité,/., dignity, title.

digue,/., dike, dam.

dilater (se), dilate, expand.

diligence, /., diligence, stage-

coach.

dimension,/, dimension, size.

diminuer, diminish, lessen.

dîner, m., dinner, repast.

dîner, dine.

diplomatie,/, diplomacy.

dire, say, tell, speak, relate; c'est-

à , that is to say.

direct -e, direct, immédiate, directement, directly.

direction, /., direction, management.

diriger, direct ; se — , direct one's

steps, go 07- proceed.

discipline,/, discipline, training.

discours, m., discourse, speech.

discr-et, ète, discreet, prudent,

considerate.

discrètement, discreetly.

discuter, discuss.

disgrâce,/, disgrâce; displeasure.

disgracieu-x, -se, ungracious,

awkward, disagreeable.

VOCABULARY

disjoindre, disjoin.

dispara itrejdisajjpear.

disparu, stc- disparaître.

disposé, -^î, disposed, ready.

disposer, dispose, incline; — de, order, use.

disposition, /'., disposition, humer ; arrangement.

disputer, dispute ; le — à, vie with.

dissimulation, /., dissimulation, hypocrisy.

dissimuler, dissemble, conceal ; se — , conceal from one's self.

dissiper, dissipate, scatter ; se — , be dissipated, scatter ; pass away.

dissoudre, dissolve.

distinctement, distinctly.

distingué, -e, distinguished, retîned.

distinguer, distinguish, recognize.

distraction, /., inattention, absence of mind ; diversion ; par — , inadvertently.

distraire, distract, divert.

distrait, -e, inattentive, absentminded.

dites, 2 //. ùu/. and impera. of dire.

divers, -e, diverse, various ; several.

diversion, /., diversion, amusement.

divertir, divert, amuse.

divertissement, /«., diversion, entertainment.

divin, -e, divine.

divinité,/., divinity.

dix, ten, tenth.

dizaine,/., (some) ten ; une — de, ten.

docteur, w., doctor.

doigt, m., finger; un — de, a little, some.

dois, Si\' devoir.

doléance,/ ., complaint, grievance.

domaine, w., domain, estate.

domesticité, /., domesticity, servitude.

domestique, /«./., domestic, servant.

domination,/., domination, rule.

dominer, dominate, master, rule, command ; get over ; drown (noise) ; overlook.

dommage, w., damage, injury ; pity ; c'est — , it is a pity.

dompter, subdue.

don, m., gift, présent.

donc, then, therefore ; now, pray.

donjon, m., donjon, keep.

donner, to give, cause ; — à penser, make (one) think.

dont, whose, of whom or which, from whom or which.

doré, -e, gilded, golden, yellow.

dormir, sleep.

dossier, ///., back ; papers.

dot, ;//., dowry, niarriage-portion.

dotal, -e, dotal, of dowry or marriage-portion.

doter, endow, give a dowry to.

doucement, sweetly, gently, softly, pleasantly.

douceur, /., sweetness, softness, miklness.

douer de, endow with.

douleur,/., pain, grief, sorrow.

douloureusement, painf ully, grievou.sly.

douloureu-x, -se, painful, sorrowful.

doute, w., doubt ; sans — , undoubtedly.

douter, doubt ; — de, doubt ; se — de, suspect, think.

douteu-x, -se, doubtful, faint.

douve, /"., moat, ditch.

dou-x, -ce, sweet, mild, gentle, easy, pleasant.

douzaine, /., dozen ; une demi — de, a half dozen.

drame, m., drama.

VOCABULARY

drapeau, m., flag, colors.

dresser, erect, set up, prépare, arrange ; se — , stand up, stand.

droit, right, law, justice; à bon — , rightly, justly ; faire son — , study (the) law ; faire — à, right, make a title to ; avoir

— à, be entitled to.

droit, -e, right, straight, upright.

droite,/., right, right side; à — ,

on or to the right.

drôle, droll, funny, queer.

drôle, m., rogue, scoundrel ; fel-

low ; — de, droll, queer.

druide, /«., druid.

druidesse,/., druidess.

dû, due, sse devoir, duc, m., duke.

ducal, -e, ducal, duchesse,/., duchess.

duplicité, /., duplicity, double

dealing.

dur, -e, hard, severe. durable, durable, lasting.

durant, during, for.

durée,/., duration.

durer, endure, last, continue, dusse, dût, see devoir.

eau,/., water.

ébauche,/, sketch.

éblouir, dazzle, make dizzy.

éblouissement, m., dazzling, dizziness ; flash.

ébranlement, m., shaking, agitation.

ébranler, shake, unsettle.

écaille,/., scale, (tortoise-)shell.

écarter, to remove, set aside, reject ; s' — de, turn (aside) from, départ from.

échancré, -e, sloping, hoUow.

échancrer, slope.

échange, w., exchange, barter ; en

— de, in exchange for.

échanger, exchange, échapper, escape, drop ; — à, escape from.

échauffer, heat, excite ; s' — , be-

come warm or excited.

échoir, fall, become due ; — à,

fall to the lot of.

échu, -e, see échoir, échouer, strand ; s' — , strand, run

aground.

éclair, m., lightning, flash ; cake, éclaircir, clear, clear or brighten

up, enlighten ; s' — , become

clear, brighten up.

éclaircissement, w., clearing up,

explanation.

éclairer, to light, light up, enlighten ; s' — , be lighted, be enlight-

ened.

éclat, m., brightness, splendor;

burst.

éclatant, -e, brilliant, shining.

éclater, shine, flash, burst, snap,

break out ; be exposed.

éclore, open ; hatch.

école,/, school.

économie,/, economy, saving.

écouler (s'), flow or pass away,

elapse.

écouter, listen, listen to ; — aux

portes, eavesdrop.

écraser, crush, bruise, ruin, over-

come.

écrier (s'), cry out, shout, exclaim.

écrin, m., casket, jewel-box.

écrire, write, write down.

écriture,/, writing, hand-writing.

écrivis, see écrire, écroulé, -e, crumbling.

écrouler (s'), crumble (away), fall

in or down.

écu, w., crown, shield.

écume,/, foam.

écumer, foam.

écurie,/, stable.

écusson, m., escutcheon ; tablet.

écuyer, w., rider, horseman.

VOCABULARY

édifice, ;;/., édifice, structure.

édredon, w., eiderdown (coverlet).

éducation, /., éducation, learing.

effacer, ettace ; s' — , be etfaced, disapi^ear, stand back.

effaré, -e, scared, frightened.

effectivement, indeed, really.

effet, w., elftct ; en — , in fact, indeed ; avoir pour — de, hâve thu erfect of.

effilé, -e, slender, tapering.

effleurer, graze, touch (slightly).

effluve, w., ettiuvium.

effondrer, fall or cave in.

efforcer (s'), make an effort, try.

effort, ///., effort, exeition, difiiculty.

effrayant, -e, frightful, terrible.

effrayer, frighten, alarni.

effroyable, frigthful, horrible.

effusion,/., effusion, outburst.

égal, -e, equal, even, indiffèrent.

égal, w., ecjual ; sans —, unequaled, unparalleled.

également, equally, likewise.

égard, ///., regard, respect, considération ; à 1' — de, with regard to, towards ; à tous — s, in every respect.

égarement, ;;/., straying, error ; excess.

égarer, mislead, lead astray ; s'-^, lose one's way.

église, A, church.

églogue,/., eclogue.

égoïsme, w., egotism, selfîshness.

eh, eh ! ah ! oh ! well !

élan, w., spring, start, impulse.

élancé, -e, slender.

élancer (s'), rush, spring.

ciàrgir, enlarge, widen ; s' — , widen, ex tend.

élémentaire, elementary.

élève, w. /'., pupil, student.

élevé, -e, elevated, high, tall, erect.

élever, elevate, raise, bring up ; s' — , rise, increase, amount.

elle-même, herself, itself.

éloge, ///., eulogy, praise.

éloigné, -e, removed, distant, far;

tenir — de, keep away froin.

éloigner, remove, send away, dismiss ; s' — , go away, move off.

éloquemment, eloquently.

embarras, m., embarrassment,

trouble, embarrassé, -e, embarrassed, em-

barrassing, encumbered ; at a

loss (to).

embarrasser, embarrass, encum-

l)er, confuse, emblème, m., emblem.

embonpoint, m., stoutness,plump-

ness.

embrasser, embrace, seize ; kiss.

embrasure,/., recess, enclosure.

émerger, émerge.

éminent, -e, eminent, high, con-

spicuous.

emmener, take or carry away.

émouvoir, move, excite, rouse.

emparer (s') de, seize, lay hold

of.

empêcher de, prevent, keep from;

s' — de, refrain from, keep

from, help.

empêtrer, entangle; s' — , become

entangled.

emphatique, emphatic, pompous.

empire, m., empire, sway, power.

emplacement, m., site, place, lot.

emplir, lîll.

emploi, ;//., employmeht, use; position.

employer, employ, use.

empoisonner, poison, embitter.

emportement, ///., passion, fit of

anger.

emporter, carry or take away;

take.

empourprer, purple.

empreindre (de, with), imprint,

stamp; imjjress.

empressé, -e, eager, earnest.

VOCABULARY

empressement, w., eagerness.

empresser (s') de, hasten or be eager to.

emprisonnement, m., imprisonment.

emprisonner, imprison, confine.

emprunté, -e, borrowed, assumed.

emprunter, borrow.

ému, -e, moved, agitated, excited; in earnest.

en, in, into, within; as to; like, as; while, by.

en, 771. f.^ of 07' from or by him or her or it or them ; some, any.

encadrer, frame, surround.

encaisser, pack, sink, embank.

enceinte,/"., enclosure, circuit.

encens, w., incense.

enchaîner, chain, fasten.

enchanter, enchant, bewitch.

enchan-teur, -teresse, 711. /., enchanter; enchantress.

enchevêtrement, w., entanglement.

enchevêtrer, entangle.

enclin, -e, inclined, given.

enclore, enclose.

enclos, 771., enclosure.

encolure,/., neck.

encombrer, encumber, obstruct, crowd.

encore, still, yet, again, also, at least, now, however.

encouragement, w., encouragement.

endormi, -e, asleep, sleeping.

endormir, put to sleep; s'-

fall

asleep, endroit, w., place, part, énergie,/., energy.

énergique, energetic.

énergiquement, energetically.

enfance,/., infancy, childishness.

enfant, w., infant, child.

enfantillage, w., childishness.

enfantin, -e, childish.

enfermer, enclose, shut up, hem in.

enfin, finally, at last, in short.

enflammer, inflame, set on fire; s' — , be inflamed, blaze.

enfler, inflate, swell, puff up; s' — , swell, swell up.

enfoncer, sink, thrust, drive in; s' — , sink, sink down; penetrate (dans, into).

enfumé, -e, smoked, smoky.

engagement, 771., engagement, promise.

engager, engage, pledge, urge, invite, induce; enter; involve (à, in) ; s' — , engage one's self, try ; promise; — dans, enter (into).

engendrer, engender, beget.

engloutir, ingulf, swallow up.

engourdir, benumb.

énigme,/., enigma, riddle. '

enivrer, intoxicate; s* — , get drunk.

enjoué, -e, playful.

enjouement, w., playfulness.

enlacer, interlace, entwine, clasp.

enlever, carry or take away.

ennemi, -e, w./., enemy.

ennemi, -e, hostile, unfriendly.

ennui, w., feeling of tediousness, weariness, vexation.

ennuyeu-x, -se, tiresome, tedious, annoying.

énorme, enormous, huge, great.

enrichir, enrich; s' — , get rich.

enrouler, roll up.

enseigne,/., sign, signboàrd. '

enseignement, w., instruction, lesson.

ensemble, together, ail together.

ensevelir, bury.

ensuite, afterwards, next, then.

entacher, taint, stain.

entendre, intend, mean, hear, understand ; faire — , give to understand, intimate ; — parler de, hear (spoken) of; s' — , understand each other, hâve an understanding.

VOCABULARY

entendu, -e, heard, understood; bien — , be it undeistood, of course.

enter, graft.

enterrer, inter, bury.

enthousiasme, m., enthusiasm, rapture.

enti-er, -ère, entire, whole; tout — , entirely, whoUy, altogether.

entièrement, entirely, in fuU.

entourage, ///., persons around, Company.

entourer, surround (de, with).

entrailles,/.//., bowels; feeling.

entrain, /;/., spirit, animation.

entrainement, w., spirit, animation, force.

entrainer, carry away.

entre, between, among; d' — , from amongst.

entrecouper, interrupt, break.

entre-croisé, -e, crossing each other, intersecting.

entre-croiser (s'), cross each other.

entrée, /. (de, to), entrance, admission.

entrefaites,/.//.; sur ces — , (in the) meantime.

entrelacer, intertwine.

entremêler, intermingle.

entreprendre, undertake, set about.

entreprise, /., enterprise, undertaking, attempt.

entrer, enter, come or go in; — dans, enter (into).

entretenir, hold, keep up, préserve, keepalive; s' — , entertain, converse or talk with.

entretenu, see entretenir.

entretien, m., conversation, talk.

entretienne, sce entretenir.

entrevoir, catch a glimpse of, see imperfectly.

entrevue,/., interview.

entr'ouvert, -e, half-open, ajar.

entr'ouvrir, half-open, open a little.

envahir, invade, take possession of.

envelopper, envelop, wrap up ; s' — de, envelop or surround one's self with.

envenimer, envenom, e.xasperate.

enverrais, .f<v envoyer.

envers, towards, to, against.

envie, /., envy ; porter — à, envy.

environ, about.

environs, m. pL, environs, neighborhood.

environner, surround.

envisager, look at or upon, consider.

envoler (s'), fly away.

envoyer, send.

épais, -se, thick, heavy.

épaisseur,/., thickness, depth.

épaissir (s'), thicken, become thick.

épancher, pour out, open, discharge; s' — , unbosom one's self.

épargner, spare, save.

épaule,/., shoulder.

épave,/., wreckage, remnant.

épée, /'., sword.

éperdu, -e, distracted, desperate.

éperon, m., spur.

éphémère, ephemeral.

épier, spy, watch.

épine,/., thorn.

épineu-x, -se, thorny.

éploré, -e, in tears, weeping, distressed.

époque,/., epoch, time.

épouser, marry.

époux, w., husband.

épreuve,/, trial, proof, test.

éprouver, try, expérience, feel, entertain.

épuiser, exhaust, test.

équipage, ///., équipage, outfit.

équiper, equip.

équité,/., equity, justice, équivoque, equivocal, ambiguous.

érection,/., érection; building.

errer, err, wander, stray.

érudit, -e, erudite, learned.

escalade,/., scaling, climbing.

escalier, m., staircase, flight of

stairs.

escarpé, -e, steep.

esclave, w., slave.

escorter, escort, accompany.

escroquerie,/, swindling.

espace, ;;/., space.

Espagne,/, Spain.

espagnol, -e, Spanish.

espèce, /, species, kind ; case ;

présent case, espérance,/, hope, expectation.

espérer, hope, hope for, expect.

espionner, spy, watch.

espoir, m., hope.

esprit, m., spirit, ghost ; sensé,

mind ; wit ; disposition ; avoir

de 1' — , be intelligent.

esquiver (s'), slip away, make

ofî.

essayer, try (de, to).

essuyer, wipe, wipe away or off, estime,/, esteem.

estimer, esteem, estimate.

estomper, stump ; blend.

et, and.

établir, establish, settle, put. établissement, m., establishment,

settlement.

étage, m., story, flight.

étager, place in tiers, étalage, w., display, show, étaler, display, expose to view,

spread.

étancher, quench.

état, m., State, condition ; account,

record ; — de service, record

(of military service).

été, w,, summer.

éteignis, see éteindre, éteindre, extinguish, put eut ;

s' — , be extinguished or put

out ; become extinct ; die away.

étendre, extend, stretch, spread ;

s' — , stretch one's self out, lie

down ; extend.

étendu, -e, extensive.

éternité,/, eternity.

étinceler, sparkle, flash, étincelle,/, spark, flash.

étiquette,/, étiquette, formality.

étofîe,/, stuff, cloth, material.

étoile,/, star.

étonné, -e, astonished, wondering,

strange.

étonnement, m., astonishment,

wonder.

étonner, astonish, amaze.

étouffer, stifle, suffocate, suppress étourdir, deafen, make dizzy

s' — , forget one's troubles, di

vert one's mind. [ness

étourdissement, stunning, dizzi étrange, strange, odd, unusual.

étrangement, strangely.

étrang-er, -ère, m.f., stranger,

foreigner.

étrang-er, -ère, strange, foreign.

étrangeté, /., strangeness.

étrangler, strangle.

être, be, exist, be at, remain, rest ;

— di or de, belong to.

être, m., being, créature, étrier, m., stirrup.

étroit, -e, narrow, close, scanty.

étude,/, study, ofiice, room.

étudier, study.

évaluer, value, estimate.

évangile, m., gospel, évanoui, -e, vanished away.

évanouir (s'), vanish, faint, swoon

(away).

évasement, m., widening, width,

opening.

évasi-f, -ve, evasive.

éveiller, awake, awaken, excite ;

s' — , awake, rouse, become

aroused.

VOCABULARY

événement, m., event.

éventail. ///., fan.

éventualité, /.,, eventuality, con-

tingency.

évertuer (sM, exert one's self,

strive.

évidemment, uvidently.

évident, -e, évident, obvious.

éviter, avoid.

évoquer, tvoke, call up.

exactement, exactly, precisely,

accurately.

exactitude,/., exactness, correct-

ness.

exagérci, exaggerate.

exalter, exalt, magnify ; s' — , ex-

alt one's self, become excited.

examen, /;/., examination.

examiner, examine, exaspérer, exasperate, provoke.

excéder, exceed, go beyond.

exceller, excel, surpass.

excepté, except.

exceptionnellement, exception-

ally, only.

excès, m., excess.

excessi-f, -ve, excessive, excessivement, excessively.

excuse, y'., excuse, pardon, excuser, excuse orpa.vdon (de, for) ;

s' — de, excuse one's self for,

apologize for, décline, exécuter, exécute, perform ; draw

(up).

exemplaire, exemplary. exemple, /;/., example, exempt, -e, exempt or free (de,

from).

exercer, exercise, employ, make.

exercice, m., exercise, work.

exiger, exact, require, exiler, exile, banish.

existence, /., existence, living,

subsistence.

exister, exist, live.

exorciser, exorcise, expédient, ;;/., expédient, shift.

expédier, dispatch, expier, expiate, atone for, expirant, -e, expiring, dying.

expirer, expire, explication,/., explanation.

expliquer, explain, account for;

s' — , account for, understand.

exploit, ///., exploit, deed.

explorer, explore, explosion,/, explosion, outburst.

exposer, expose, make liable.

expressi-f, -ve, expressive, exprimer, express, exquis, -e, exquisite, refined.

extase,/, ecstasy, rapture.

extérieur, -e, exterior, outward.

extérieurement, externally, out-

side.

extraordinaire, extraordinary, un-

usual.

extrême, extrême, excessive, extrêmement, extremely.

extrémité,/ extremity, end.

fabuleu-x, -se, fabulous. face,/, face, aspect ; en — de, in

the face or présence of ; facing,

in front of.

fâcheux, -se, grievous, sad, un-

pleasant.

facile, easy, ready.

facilement, easily.

facilité,/., facility, ease.

façon,/., fashion, shape, manner.

faculté,/, faculty, power, right.

faible, feeble, faint, slight, small,

narrow, faible, w., weakness.

faiblement, feebly.

faillir, fail, be or corne near.

faim, ;//., hunger; avoir — , be

hungry.

faire, do, make, form, constitute,

cause, perform, play; draw up,

VOCABULARY

put; take, give; suit, fit; — à,

make, cause; ne — que, do

nothing but ; se — , be donc, etc.,

be, become, happen.

faisceau, m., bundle, cluster.

fait, m., fact, act; de — , in fact.

faîte, m., top, summit.

faites, 2. pi. près. ind. and imper-

ative of faire.

falaise,/., cliff.

falloir, be necessary; should,

must; comme il faut, as it

should be, respectable.

fameu-x, -se, famous.

familiarité,/., familiarity.

famili-er, -ère, familiar, usual;

tame.

famili-er, -ère, m. /., friend (of

the family).

famille,/., family.

fanfaron, -ne, blustering, brag-

ging.

fange,/., mire; vileness.

fangeu-x, -se, miry.

fantaisie,/., fancy, caprice, whim.

humor; — d'esprit, sally of

wit.

fantastique, fantastic, imaginary.

fantôme, w., phantom, shadow.

fardeau, m., burden.

farouche, fierce, wild.

fasse, see faire, fastueu-x, -se, pompous, magnifi-

cent, splendid.

fat, m., fop.

fatalement, fatally.

fatalité,/, fatality.

fatigue,/., weariness.

fatiguer, weary, tire, worry.

faucille,/, sickle.

faudra, see falloir, fausser, pervert; force, faut, see falloir, faute,/, fault, mistake, want; —

de, for want of.

fauteuil, w.,arm-chair, easy-chair.

fau--x, -sse, false, untrue.

faveur,/, favor.

favori, -te, favorite.

favori, m., whisker.

favoriser, favor.

fébrile, feverish.

fée, fairy.

féerique, fairy-like.

feignis, see feindre.

feindre, feign, prétend.

féliciter, felicitate, congratulate.

félin, -e, féline.

féminin, -e, féminine.

femme, /., woman, wife; — de chambre, lady's maid.

fendre, split, rend, break.

fenêtre,/., window.

féodal, -e, feudal.

fer, m.y iron,

ferai, see faire.

fermage, vi., rent (of,a farm), leasing.

ferme,/, farm.

ferme, firm, steady, fixed.

fermement, firmly, strongly.

fermenter, ferment, work.

fermer, shut, close, enclose; se —, shut, close.

fermeté,/, firmness.

fermier, w., f armer.

fermière,/, farmer's wife.

ferraille,/, old iron.

festin, m., feast, banquet.

festonner, festoon, scallop.

fête,/, feast, festival, holiday.

feu, m., fire, ardor, animation; au — , under fire, tested.

feu, -e, (the) late.

feuillage, m., foliage.

feuille,/, leaf.

feuillée, /, foliage, bower.

feuillet, m., leaf, sheet, folio.

feutre, m., felt, felt hat.

février, m., February.

fi, fie!

fiancé, -e, m, f., betrothed.

fiche,/, fish, stake.

fidèle, faithf ul.

VOCABULARY

fidèlement, faithfully, accurately.

fidélité,/., fidelity.

fiel, /;/., gall, hatrcd, malice.

fier (se) à, trust to, rely on.

fier, -ère, proud, dignihed; great.

fierté,/"., pride.

fièvre,/., ftver, ague.

fiévreu-x, -se, feverish.

figuier, ;//., fig-tree.

figure, /"., figure, form. face; ap-

pearance.

figurer, figure, represent; appear;

se — , imagine, fil, ///., thread.

file, y., file, line.

filer, spin.

filet, ///., thread, string, net.

filière,/., course, process.

fille, /"., girl, daughter.

fillette,/., Iit4le or young girl.

fils, ///., son. filtrer, filter.

fin, w., end, termination.

fin, -e, fine, slender, refinsd, ex-

quisite.

finalement, finally.

finir, finish, end; — de, finish,

hâve done.

fis, sec faire, fixe, fixed, steady.

fixement, fixedly, steadily.

fixer, fix, settle, appoint; se — ,

be fixed, fix or establish one's

self, settle.

fixité,/., fixity, fixedness.

flairer, scent, detect.

flamboyant, -e, flamboyant, flam-

ing.

flamboyer, flame, blaze.

flamme,/, flanie.

flanc, "!., flank, side.

flanquer, flank.

flatter, flatter (de, with).

flatterie,/, flattery.

fléau, ;//., flail, scourge.

flèche,/, arrow.

fléchir, bend, bow.

flétrir, wither, fade, blight.

fleur,/, flower, blossom.

fleuve, ///., river, flocon, /«., flake

flot, w., wave, flood; à — s, in torrents, flotter, float, wave, flottille,/, flotilla.

foi, /., faith; ma — ! upon my

word ; really ; ajouter — à, give

credence to.

foin, w., hay.

fois, /., time; à la — , tout à la

— , at the same time, at once;

une — , once; une bonne — ,

once for ail.

folâtre, playful; un — , a playful

fellow.

folie, /., folly, madness, mania,

passion; foolish thing.

follement, foolishly, madly.

fonction,/., function, duty, office.

fond, w., bottom, dep^h, centre;

end, furthest part, background;

au — , at bottom.

fonda-teur, -trice, founding.

fonds, m., f und, capital, property ;

ground.

font, Si-e faire, force, /, force, strength, power,

emphasis; à — de, by dint or

strength of ; de — , by force, forcer, force, compel.

forêt, TH., forest.

forfait, m., crime, formaliste, formai, précise, forme,/"., form, shape, figure.

formel, -le, formai, express, formellement, formally, express-

former, form, make.

formule,/., formula, form.

formuler, formulate, draw up.

fort, -e, strong, powerful, severe;

trop — , too much.

fort, very, very much, strongly,

greatly; bien — , very much.

VOCABULARY

fortement, strongly, decidedly,

very much.

fortuitement, fortuitously, ca-

sually, by chance.

fortune, /., fortune, chance ;

bonne — , good luck.

fortuné, -e, fortunate, happy.

fossé, m., ditch, moat.

fou, fol, folle, foolish, mad,

wild.

fou, folle, m. /., madman, mad

woman.

foudre, /., lightnmg, thunder,

thunderbolt.

foudroyer, thunderstrike, strike

dumb.

fouetter, whip, strike, lash.

fougue,/., fury, fire, ardor.

fouille,/"., digging, research.

fouiller, dig, search.

fouillis, w., jumble, confusion.

fouler, tread, trample on, press ;

sprain, fourmiller, swarm. fournaise,/., furnace.

fournir, furnish, supply.

fourré, m.^ thicket.

fourreau, m., sheath ; dress.

fourrure,/, fur.

foyer, m., hearth, fireside.

fracas, m., crash, noise.

fragment, w., fragment, pièce.

frais, fraîche, fresh, cool, new;

freshly, newly, recently.

frais, m., freshness, fresh or cool

air.

frais, m. pi., expenses, cost.

fraise,/, strawberry.

franc, m., franc (silver coin worth

about twenty cents).

franc, -he, frank, candid.

français, -e, French.

franchement, frankly, candidly.

franchir, cross, jump over, pass

over, go up.

franchise,/, frankness, freedom.

frange,/, fringe.

frapper (de, with), strike, impress,

stamp.

fraternel, -le, frateinal.

fraternité,/, fraternity.

frayer, open, make ; se — , open,

prépare, frégate,/, frigate.

frémir, shudder, tremble, quiver.

frénésie,/, frenzy.

fréquemment, frequently, often.

fréquenter, fréquent.

frère, w., brother.

fréter, charter, hire.

frileu-x, -se, chilly. fripon, -ne, fn.f., rogue, rascal.

frisson, m. shudder, shivering.

frivole, frivolous.

froid, -e, cold.

froidement, coldly.

froideur,/, coldness.

froissement, m., bruising, clash-

ing, rustling.

froisser, bruise, wound, rumple.

froncer, contract, frown.

front, m., forehead, brow, face, frottement, m., rubbing, friction.

frotter, rub.

fruste, defaced, deformed.

fugiti-f, -ve, fugitive.

fuir, flee, shun, disappear.

fumée,/, smoke ; bubble.

fumer, smoke.

fumier, m., dunghill, ash-mound.

funèbre, funeral.

funérailles,///., funeral.

funeste, fatal, baneful.

fureur,/, fury, rage, frenzy.

furieu-x,^-se, furious.

furti-f, -ve, furtive.

furtivement, furtively, by stealth.

fusiller, shoot, futaie,/, wood, forest.

futur, -e, future, intended.

futur, -e, m./., intended, future

husband or wife.

VOCABULARY

gage, w., pledi^e, token.

gagner, gain, itach, eain, win. gai, -e, gay, cheerful, pleasant.

gaiement, gayly, cheerfully,

frccly.

gaieté,'/., gayety, liveliness.

gaine,/"., case, sheath.

gaité = gaieté, galî, >/!., gala, feast; de — , gala-

day.

galant, -e, gallant, polite.

galerie,/., gallery, passage, galop, f'i., gallop; au petit — , in

a canter.

galoper, gallop, run.

gant, ///., gauntlet, glove.

garantie./"., guaranty.

garantir, guarantee, assure, préserve; se — de, guarantee or protect one's self from.

garçon, w., boy.

garde, /., guard, keeping, watch; n'avoir — de, be far from, not to care to; en — , on one's guard.

garde, ///., guard; — de corps, guard-room ; — du corps, bodyguard.

garde-malade, w./., sick-nurse.

garder, guard, keep, préserve, maintain; se — de, guard against, take care not to.

gardien, -ne, m. /., guardian,

keeper.

garnison,/., garrison.

gars, gas, ;//., boy, fellow, gâter, spoil, wear.

gauche,/., left, left hand or side;

à (de) — , on or to the left.

gauchement, awkwardly.

gaucherie,/., awkwardness, blun-

der.

gaule, /., pôle, switch.

gaz, w., gas.

gazon, ///., grass, turf.

gelé, -e, /., frozen, cold.

geler, freeze,

gémissement, w.. groan.

gênant, -e, troublesome, embarrassing.

gendarmerie,/., gendarmery, police.

gêne, /., trouble, inconvenience^ want.

gêner, trouble, inconvenience.

généralement, generally.

généreu-x, -se, generous.

génie,/, genius.

genou, m., knee; — X, knees, lap; à —X, on one's knees; se mettre à deux — x, kneel down.

genre, ///., kind.

gens, /;/.///., people; servants.

gentil, -le, nice, pretty.

gentilhomme, m., nobleman.

gérant, w., manager.

geste, //t., gesture, motion.

gestion,/., management.

gigantesque, gigantic.

givre, w., hoar-frost, rime.

glace,/., ice; glass, mirror.

glacé, -e, icy, cold.

glissant, -e, slipping, slippery.

glisser, slip, glide, slide; se — , j slip, glide.

gloire,/., glory, pride.

I glorieu-x, -se, glorious.

golfe, ///., gulf.

• gond, ;;/., hinge.

gonfler, swell.

gorge,/, throat, défile, ravine.

gorgée,/., draught. mouthful.

gouffre, tu., gulf, whirlpool.

gourmand, -e, w./., glutton.

goiit, ///.. taste, liking; style.

goiJter, /;/., lunch, luncheon.

goûter, taste, enjoy; — à, taste.

goutte, /'., drop.

gouvernement, w., government.

grâce, /"., grâce, charm; favor; thank(s). [fully,

gracieusement, graciously, grâce-

VOCABULARY

gracieu-x, -se, giacious, graceful, pleasant.

gradin, w., tier, step.

grain, m., grain, particle.

grand, -e, great, large, heavy, tall; noble; — peine, much difficulty.

grandement, greatly.

grandeur,/., greatness.

grand-père, w., grandfather.

granit, vi., granité.

grappin, vi., grapnel, grapplingiron.

gras, -se, fat, rich^ heavy, thick.

grasseyer, speak thick.

gratification,/., gratuity, gif t.

gratifier, favor, confer.

gratuit, -e, gratuitous, free.

grave, grave; heavy, deep.

gravement, gravely, seriously.

gravir, climb.

gravité,/, gravity.

gré, 771., taste, pleasure, satisfaction, liking; will; à son — , to one's taste or liking; au — de, according to; bon — mal — , willing or unwilling; de son — , willingly ; of one's consent ; savoir — de, be grateful for.

grêle, slender.

grelotter, shiver, tremble.

Grenoble, town in Southern France.

grever (de, with), burden, encumber.

grièvement, seriously, severely.

grille,/, grate, (iron) gâte.

gris, -e, gray.

grisâtre, grayish.

grommeler, grumble, growl.

grondement, w., roaring, rumbling.

gronder, grumble, rumble ; scold.

gros, -se, big, large, stout, heavy.

grossi-er, -ère, coarse, rough, plain.

groupe,/, group, crowd.

guère, much ; ne . . . — , hardly.

guérite,/, sentry-box.

guerre, /., war.

guerri-er, -ère, warlike, martial.

guerri-er, -ère, w./, warrior.

guider, guide.

guinée,/, guinea.

habile, able, clever.

habileté,/, ability, skill.

habiller, dress, dress up; s' — , dress one's self, dress.

habit, 771., coat, dress-coat.

habitant, m., /., inhabitant, occupant.

habiter, inhabit, live in; — dans, live in.

habitude,/., habit; familiarity.

habitué, 771./., fréquenter.

habituel, -le, habituai, usual.

habituellement, habitually, usually.

habituer, habituate, accustom.

'haie,/, hedge, line; se ranger en — , form a line.

'haine,/, hatred, spite.

'haineu-x, -se, hateful, spiteful.

'haïr, hâte, detest.

'haïssable, hateful, détestable.

'hâle, 771., sunburn, tan.

haleine,/, breath.

'haletant, -e, panting, out of breath.

'haleter, pant, gasp for breath.

'halte,/, hait, stop.

'hardi, -e, bold, daring.

'hardiment, boldly.

harmonieu-x, -se, harmonious.

'harpe,/, harp.

'harponner, harpoon.

'hasard, ?;/., hazard, chance, accident; au — , at random; par — , perchance, by chance; à tout — , at ail events.

VOCABULARY

'hasarder, hazard, risk.

*hàte, /., haste; à la — , hastily;

avoir — , make haste. 'hâter, hasten ; se — , hasten,

niake haste.

'hâtif, -ve, hasty, prématuré, 'hausser, raise, shrug.

'haut,-e,high, lofty; loud.aloud;

là , up there, above; tout

— , aloud.

'haut, /;/., top, height.

'hautain, -e, haughty, proud.

'hauteur, /., height, élévation;

haughtiness.

hébété, -e, stupefîed, stupid.

hébéter, stupefy.

hélas, alas! ah! oh!

hémicycle, w., hémicycle, semi-

circle.

herbe, /"., herb, grass.

héréditaire, hereditary.

héritage, w., héritage, inheritance, hériter de, inherit.

hériti-er, -ère, m.f., heir, heiress.

hermine,/"., ermine.

héroïque, heroic.

héroïsme, w., heroism.

'héros, m., hero, hésiter, hesitate.

hêtre, w., beech, beech-tree.

heure, /., hour, time, o'clock; de

bonne — , early; tout à 1' — ,

just now.

heureusement, happily, fortu-

nately.

heureu-x, -se, happy, fortunate;

agreeable, favorable, 'heurter, hit or run against, knock.

'hibou, ///., owl. hier, yesterday ; d' — , only yes-

terday.

hiérarchie,/., hierarchy.

hilarité,/., hilarity.

hippodrome, ///., hippodrome,

race-course.

'hisser (se), raise one's self, histoire,/., history.

hiver, w., winter.

'hocher, shake, toss.

hommage, w., homage, respect;

rendre — à, pay homage to.

homme, w., man.

'hon, hum! bah! what!

honnête, honest, modest, pure.honnête, ///., honesty, purity.

honneur, /., honor ; faire — à, do

honor (crédit) to.

honoraires, w. //., fee, salary.

honorer, honor, do honor to, favor.

'honte,/., shame, disgrâce, 'honteusement, shamefully, dis-

gracefully.

'honteu-x, -se, ashamed; shame-

ful.

horizon, w., horizon, view.

horreur,/., horror.

'hors de, out of, beyond ; — de soi,

beside one's self, hostilité,/., hostility.

hôte, w., host, guest.

hôtel, w., hôtel, house, mansion.

'hourra, w., hurrah!

'huit, eight. humain, -e, human.

humanité,/., humanity.

humble, humble, quiet, humblement, humbly.

humeur,/"., humor, temper, disposition, ill-humor, ill-temper.

humide, w., humid, moist, wet,

watery.

humilier, humiliate, humble, humilité,/, humility.

'hune./, hune, top.

hymen, w., hymen, marriage.

hypocrisie,/, hypocrisy.

hypocrite, hypocritical.

hypothèque,/, mortgage.

ici, hère.

idée,/, idea, notion.

idylle,/, idyl.

VOCABULARY

ignominie,/., ignominy, shame.

ignorer, be ignorant of, not to know.

île,/"., isle, island.

illuminé, -e, illumined, lit up.

illuminer (s'), be illuminated, brighten up.

illusoire, illusory, illusive.

illustre, illustrious, celebrated.

illustrer, make illustrious.

îlot, m., islet.

image,/., image, picture.

imaginaire, imaginary.

imaginer, imagine.

immédiatement, immediately.

immense, immense, enormous, vast, extensive.

immobile, immovable, motionless.

immobili-er, -ère, real.

immobilité,/, immobility.

immoler, immolate, sacrifice.

immortalité,/, immortality.

immortel, -le, immortal,

immuable, immutable, unchangeable.

imparfaitement, imperfectly.

impassibilité,/, impassibility.

impassible, impassible, undisturbed.

impatience, /., impatience, longing.

impatient, -e, impatient, restless.

impérieu-x, -se, imperious.

impétueu~x, -se, impetuous, rapid.

impétuosité,/, impetuosity.

impitoyable, pitiless.

implorer, implore, call for.

importance, /., importance, conséquence.

importer, import, be of importance or concern, matter ; n'importe, no matter ; peu — , it matters little.

importuné, -e, importunate, troublesome.

importuner, importune, trouble.

imposant, -e, imposing, com-

manding.

imposer à, impose on, force upon,

awe.

impossibilité,/, impossibility.

imprévu, m., unexpectedness.

imprimer, impress (à, on).

improvisé, -e, improvised.

improviser, speak or deliver ex-

tempore.

imprudent, -e, imprudent, indis-

creet. [less.

impudent, -e, impudent, shameimpunément, with impunity.

imputation, /, charge, imputation. inaccoutumé, -e, unaccustomed.

inaliénable, inaliénable, untrans-

ferable.

inaltéré, -e, unaltered, unchanged.

inaptitude, /., inaptitude, unfit-

ness.

inattendu, -e, unexpected.

inattenti-f, -ve, inattentive.

inaugurer, inaugurate.

incendie,/., fire, conflagration.

incertain, -e, uncertain.

incertitude, /., uncertainty,. suspense.

incident, »?., incident, occurrence, incivil, -e, uncivil.

inclination,/, inclination, bow.

incliner (s'), incline, bow; be in-

clined.

incommode, inconvénient, uncom-

fortable.

incompétence, incompétence, in-

ability.

incompl-et, -ète, incomplète.

incomplètement, incompletely.

inconcevable, inconceivable.

inconciliable, irreconcilable.

inconnu, -e, unknown, strange.

inconsidéré, -e, inconsiderate,

rash.

inconvénient, w., inconvenience,

disadvantage.

incrusté, -e, incrustée!, inlaid.

inculte, uncultivated.

incurie,/., carelessness.

indécis, -s, undecided, doubtful,

uiuertain.

indiiini, -e, indefinite.

indéfinissable, indefinable.

indépendant, -e, independent.

indicible, unspeakable, inexpres-

sible.

indien, -ne, Indian.

indifférence, /., indifférence, un-

concern.

indigence,/., indigence, poverty.

indigne, unworthy.

indigner, make indignant, indignité,/., indignity.

indiquer, indicate, show, indiscr-et, -ète, indiscreet.

individu, w., individual.

industrie,/., industry, skill, trick-

ery.

inébranlable, unshaken, immov-

able.

inégalité,/., inequality.

inerte, inert, lifeless, inespéré, -e, unhoped for, unex-

pected.

inévitablement, inevitably.

inexprimable, inexpressible.

infaillible, infallible, sure, insur-

mountal)le.

infailliblement, infallibly.

infâme, infamous.

inférieur, -e, inferior.

infidélité,/., inlklelity, unfaithful-

ness.

infini, ;;/., infinité, infini, -e, infinité.

infiniment, infinitely, extremely.

infirme, infirm, feeble; disabled, infliger à, inflict on.

influent, -e, intluential.

informer, inform ; s' — de, inquire

into.

infortune,/, misfortune.

infortuné, -e, unfortunate.

infructueu-x, -se, fruitless, un-

availing.

ingénieur, w., engineer.

ingénieu-x, -se, ingénions, ingrat, -e, ungrateful, thankless.

inhabile, unskilful, untit.

inimitié,/, enmity, hatred.

injuste, unjust.

inoffensi-f, -ve, inoffensive, inonder (de,\vith), inundate, déluge, cover.

inqui-et, -ète, uneasy, restless.

inquiétant, -e, disquieting,alarm-

ing.

inquiéter, disquiet, alarm.

inquiétude, /, uneasiness, anxiety.

inquisiteur, inquisitive,searching.

inscription, /., inscription; sans

— , uninscribed.

insecte, ;//., insect.

insensé, -e, insane, mad, foolish.

insinuer, insinuaie.

insistance,/., insistence.

insister, insist.

insouciant, -e, careless, reckless.

inspirer, inspire (de, with).

installer, install, place ; s' — ,

install or seat one's self, instamment, earnestly, urgently.

instance,/., entrtaty.

instant, w., instant, moment;

d'— en — , from time to time.

instituer, institute, appoint, institutrice,/, governess.

instruire (de), instruct (as to).

inform (of).

insuccès, m., lack of success, fs.Il

ure.

insuffisant, insufîîcient.

insurger (s'), rebel.

intact, -e, intact, sound.

intégral, e, intégral, entire.

intégralem.ent, in full, entirely.

intellectuel, -le, intellectual.

intendant, w., steward; guardian.

intensité,/., intensity.

intention,/., intention, purpose.

VOCABULARY

intéressant, -e, interesting.

intéressé, -e, m. /., interested

party.

intéresser, interest.

intérêt, m., interest, concern.

intérieur, -e, interior, inner.

intérieur, w., interior, inside.

interlocu-teur, -trice, m. /., in-

terlocutor, speaker.

interminable, interminable, ènd-

less.

intermittent, -e, intermittent, in-

tervening.

interprète, m., interpréter, ex-

pounder.

interpréter, interpret.

interrogati-f, -ve, interrogative,

of interrogation.

interroger, interrogate, question, interrompre, interrupt, break off ;

s' — , break off, stop, interstice, w., interstice, open-

ing.

intervalle, m., interval ; par — s,

at intervais.

intervenir, intervene, happen, oc-

cur.

intervertir, invert, change, intime, intimate, inmost.

intimider, intimidate.

intimité,/"., intimacy, connection.

intrépide, intrepid, fearless.

intrigue,/., intrigue, plot, introduire, introduce, conduct.

inutile (de, to), useless, unneces-

sary.

inutilité,/., inutility, uselessness.

inventaire, w., inventory.

inventer, invent, imagine, investir, invest ; intrust, inviter, invite, ask.

involontaire, involuntary.

irai, see aller, iris, m., iris, iris-root, irisé, -e, irised, variegated, ironie,/., irony.

ironique, ironic(al).

irradié, -e, irradiated.

irrécusable, undeniable.

irréflexion,/., thoughtlessness.

irréguli-er, -ère, irregular.

irréprochable, irreproachable.

irriter, irritate, anger, provoke, excite.

isolé, -e, isolated, lonely. .

isolement, m., isolation, loneliness.

issu, -e, sprung, descended.

issue,/, issue, outlet.

Italie,/, Italy.

Italien, -ne, w./, Italian.

italien, -ne, Italian.

ivoire, m., ivory.

ivre, drunk, intoxicated.

ivresse, /., drunkenness, intoxication.

jabot, m., frill (of a shirt).

jacobin, -e, Jacobinic.

jaillir, dart up, burst forth, flash.

jais, w., jet.

jalousie,/, jealousy.

jalou-x, -se, jealous.

jamais, never, ever ; à — , forever.

jambe,/., leg.

jaquette,/, jacket.

jardin, ;«., garden.

jaune, yellow.

jérémiade, /, Jeremiad, lamentation.

jet, m., jet, throw, shoot, ray.

jeter, throw, cast, throw away.

jeu, m. y play, game, sport.

jeudi, m., Thursday.

jeune, young.

jeiiner, fast.

jeunesse, /"., youth. ^

joie,/, joy, delight.

joindre, join, add; se — , be added, join.

joli, -e, pretty, nice ; comfortable.

joncher, strew (de, with).

VOCABULARY

joue, /"., cheek.

jouer, play, perform ; faire — , hâve played ; se — , play, wanton ; — de, i^lay on or with.

jouet, ///., iilaything, sport.

joueu r, -se, player, gambler.

joug, w., yoke.

jouir.de, enjoy.

jouissance, /'., enjoyment.

jour, w., day', light.

journal, w., journal, diary.

journée,/., day.

jovialité,/., joviality.

joyau, /;/., jewel.

joyeusement, joyously, joyfully.

joyeu-x, -se, joyous, joyful, merry, cheerful.

jubé, w.jlobljy, lof t.

juge, w., judge.

jugement, w., judgment.

juger, judge, deem, think cf.

juillet, w., July.

jupe,/., skirt, petticoat.

jurer, swear.

juridiction,/., jurisdiction, tribunal.

jusque, to, as (so) far as ; until ; jusqu'à, to, even to, even, until; jusqu'à ce que, until ; jusqu'ici,

so far, hithtrto ; là, so far,

till then.

juste, just, right, true.

justement, justly.

justifier, justify, vindicate.

kermesse, /., parish or church

fair.

kiosque, w., kiosk, pavillon.

là, there, then; de — , from that

tinie ; ce sont — , thèse are.

là-bas, over there, yonder.

I labeur, v ., labor, work, toil.

laborieu-x, -se, laborious.

i labourer, plow, till.

! labyrinthe, m., labyrinth, maze.

lac, /;/., lake.

lâche, cowardly man.

lâche, m. /"., coward.

lâcher, loosen, let go.

lâcheté, /., cowardice, cowardly

act.

lacis, /;/., network, là-dedans, in there, within.

là-dessus, upon that, thereupon.

lagune,/., lagoon. laid, -e, ugly.

laisser, let, permit, leave; ne

pas — de or que de, not to

cease or fail to ; — faire, leave

(let) alone; laissez donc, leave

(that) alone, nonsense.

lambeau, ;//., shred, strip, pièce, lame,/., blade, plate, lamentable, lamentable, distress-

ing.

lampe,/., lamp.

lancer, dart, throw, cast, hurl; se

— , launch, launchout.

lande, /., tract of (waste) land,

moor.

langage, w., language.

langue,/., tongue.

langueur,/., languor.

languir, languish.

lanterne,/., lantern.

large, large, wide, broad, libéral, largement, largely, widely, abun-

dantly.

larme,/., tear.

las, -se, tired, fatigued, weary.

lassitude,/., lassitude, weariness.

laver, wash.

lecture,/., reading, perusal.

ledit, w.. the said.

! légalement, legally.

légataire, m./., legatee.

légendaire, w., legendary.

[ légende,/., legend, story.

lég-er, -ère, light, slight.

légèrement, lightly, slightly.

légèreté,/., lightness, levity.

légitime, legitimate, just, rightful.

légitimer, legitimate.

léguer, ieave, bequeath.

lendemain, w., following or next day.

lent, -e, slow.

lentement, slowly.

léonin, -e, léonine.

lequel, m., who, which, whom, that.

lestement, quickly, lightly.

lester, ballast.

léthargie,/., lethargy.

lettre,/., letter.

lettré, -e, /«./., lettered, learned, scholar.

levain, m., leaven.

levé, -e, up ; se tenir — , sit up.

lever, raise, shrug ; upheave ; se — , rise, get up.

lèvre,/., lip.

lézard, m., lizard.

liane,/., creeper.

liard, w., farthing.

liasse,/, bundle, file.

liberté,/., liberty, freedom, ease.

libre, free, unrestrained.

licite, lawful, allowable.

lien, m., bond,

lier, bind.

lierre, m., ivy.

lieu, m., place, room, occasion ; en premier — , in the first place ; avoir — , take place, hâve reason (de, to) ; y avoir — , be expédient ; tenir — de, fill or take the place of.

lieue,/., league.

ligne,/., line, path, plane.

lilas, w., lilac.

limite,/., limit.

limpide, limpid, clear.

linge, m., linen, cloth. [tlement.

liquidation, /., liquidation, set-

liquider, liquidais, settle, wind

up.

lire, read.

lisière, border, edge, skirt.

lit, m., bed, bedstead.

litanie,/., litany, endless story.

litière,/., litter, straw ; faire —

de, waste, destroy, litige, w., contest, dispute, littéraire, literary.

littéral, -e, literal.

littéralement, literally.

livide, livid.