livre, /., franc, pound

livrer, to deliver, give up, be-

tray; se — , to surrender.

livret, m.3 book.

locomotive,/., engine.

logement, m., lodging.

loger, to lodge.

loi,/., law.

loin, far ; tout au — , very far;

Vocabulary

de — or au — , in the distance, from afar.

lointain, ni., distance.

loisir, m. y leisure.

long, -ue, long.

long, m., length; le — de,

along, by.

longer, to run along.

longtemps, long, a long time ;

assez — , qui te a while.

longuement, for a long time.

longueur, /., length.

longue-vue, /., spyglass, small

télescope.

Lorrain, -e, inhabitant of

Lorraine. lorrain, -e, (of) Lorraine.

lors, then.

lorsque, when.

louange, /., praise.

louer, to rent.

loup, m., wolf.

lourd, -e, heavy.

lourdement, heavily.

loyal, -e, loyal, loyalement, loyally.

loyauté,/., loyalty.

lu, -e, past part. 0/lire.

lucarne,/., garret window.

lueur,/., glimmer.

lugubre, mournful, gloomy.

lui, him, he, to (of, for, from)

him or her; même, him-

self.

lumière, /., light.

lumineu-x, -se, luminous,

bright.

lune, /., moon; clair de — ,

moonlight.

lunettes, /., pi., spectacles, lurent, past. def. of lire, lustré, -e, glossy.

lut, past def. of lire, lutte, /., struggle, fight* lutter, to struggle, fight.

lycée, m., collège.

machine, /., machine, engine,

machinery; — à vapeur,

steam engine.

madame, /., Madam, Mrs. magasin, m., store, shop ; — à

poudre, powder magazine.

magistrat, m., magistrate.

magistrature,/., magistracy.

magnanerie, /., silk-worm

nursery.

magnifique, magnincent.

magnolia, m., magnolia.

maigre, lean, scanty.

maillet, m., mallet.

main,/., h and.

maint, -e, many.

maintenant, now.

maintenir, to maintain ; se

— , to hold out.

maire, m., mayor.

mairie,/., town hall, mais, but ; eh — , why !

maison, /., house, home ; — de

campagne, country home.

maître, m., master, teacher.

mal, m., evil, pain, harm; se

Vocabulary

donner de — -, to take pains ;

faire du — , to hurt;

n'avoir pas du — , not to be

hurt.

mal, poorly, badly.

malade, m. and f., patient, sick

person. malade, ill, sick.

maladie,/., disease.

mâle, manly.

malgré, in spite of.

malheur, m., misfortune, catastrophe ; par — , unfortu-

nately.

malheureusement, unfortu-

nately.

malheureu-x, -se, unfortu-

nate.

malle,/., trunk.

malsain, -e, unhealthy.

maman,/., mamma.

manche, /., sleeve.

manger, to eat.

manier, to handle, work.

manière, /., manner, way,

fashion.

manœuvre, /., working, han-

dling the boat.

manœuvrer, to work.

manquer, to fail, lack, be

wantîng.

mansarde,/., garret.

manteau, m., overcoat, cloak.

manufacture, /., manufactory.

manuscrit, m-., manuscript.

marais, m., marsh; — salant,

sait marsh.

marbre, m., marble.

marchand, m., merchant.

marchandise, /., merchandise, goods.

marche, /., march, marcbing, walk, traveling; se mettre en — , to start out; en — , in motion.

marché, m., market, market place; bon — , cheap, cheaply ; meilleur — , cheaper.

marcher, to march, go, walk.

marécage, m., swamp.

mari, m., husband.

Marie, Mary.

marin, m.t sailor.

marin, -e, marine.

marine, /., navy: charpentier de — , ship carpenter.

marinier, m., mariner.

maritime, naval, maritime.

marmite, /., iron pot.

maroquinerie, /., morocco leather.

marquer, to mark, write down.

marteau, m., hammer ; — pilon â vapeur, steam hammer.

masque, m., mask.

masse,/., mask, block.

mât, m., mast.

matelas, i»., mattress.

matelot, m., sailor.

maternel, -le, motherly.

mathématiques,/, pi., mathematics.

Vocabulary

matin, m., morning; de bon

— or de grand — , early in

the morning ; tous les — s,

every morning; assez — ,

quite early.

matinal, -e, early.

mauvais, -e, bad, evil, rough,

poor.

me, me, to me, myself, to

myself.

mécanique,/., machinery, me-

chanics.

médecin, m., doctor.

médecine, /., medicine.

méditer, to think over, medi-

tate.

mégisserie, /., leather, leather

dressing. meilleur, better; le — , the

best.

mêlée, /., battle.

mêler, to mix, join.

membre, m., member, limb.

même, same, self, very, even ,

tout de — , just the same,

however.

mémoire,/., memory.

menacer, to threaten.

ménagère, /., housewife.

mener, to lead, take.

mensonge, m., falsehood.

mépris, m.} contempt.

mer,/., sea, océan; pleine — ,

open sea; bain de — , sea

bath.

merci, thank you ; Dieu — ,

thank God.

mère, /., mother, Mrs.

mériter, to deserve.

merveille, /., wonder; à — ,

wonderfully well.

merveilleusement, marvel-

ously.

merveilleu-x. -se, wonder-

ful.

mesure, /., measure; à —

de, in proportion as.

mesurer, to measure.

métallique, metallic ; treillis

— , wire netting. métier, m., profession, trade,

business, loom.

mètre, m., meter.

mets, m., dish.

mettre, to put, put on, take,

set, lay, start, put in ; se

— à, to begin to, set one-

self to.

meuble, m,, pièce of furniture.

meule, /., millstone ; — de

fromage, disk-shapedcheese.

meunerie, /., flour-rnaking.

meurtri, -e, bruised.

Michel, Michael.

microscope, m., microscope.

midi, m., noon, south.

miel, m., honey.

mieux, better ; le — , the

best; de — en — , better

and better ; de son — , the

best he could.

milieu, m., middle; au beau

— , in the very middle.

militaire, military.

Vocabulary

mille, thousand.

milliard, a thousand million, millier, m., thousand, thousand pounds. million, m., million.

mince, slender, small.

mine, /., look, appearance,

mine ; faire — , to threaten.

minerai, m., ore.

minéral, -e, minerai.

mineur, m., miner.

ministre, m., minister.

minute,/., minute, minutieu-x, -se, minute, tri-

fling.

miroir, m., mirror.

miroiter, to shine, glitter,

reflect the light.

mis, -e, past part, of mettre, misère, /., misery, poverty,

misfortune.

mistral, m., northwest wind.

mit, past def. of mettre.

Mme = Madame, mobilier, m., furniture.

modèle, m., model.

moderne, modem.

modeste, modest.

modique, small, moderate.

mœurs,/, pi., habits.

moi, I, me, to me ; chez — , at

my house.

moi-même, myself.

moins, less; du — or au — ,

at least ; de — , less.

mois, m., month.

moisson, m.3 harvest, crop.

moitié,/., ha If ; à — , half.

moment, m., moment; time;

au — même, at the very

moment.

mon, ma, mes, my.

monde, .m., world, people;

tout le — , everybody; le

plus gaîment du — , very

cheerfully.

monnaie, /., money, change.

monotone, monotonous.

monsieur, m., Mr., sir.

mont, m., mount.

montagnard, m. mountaineer.

montagne, /., mountain.

montagneu-x, -se, moun-

tainous.

montant, -e, ascending, steep,

rising.

monter, to rise, ascend, go up,

mount, soar.

montre,/., watch.

montrer, to show, point out.

montueu-x, -se, hilly, moun-

tainous.

monument, m.} monument,

building.

moquer de (se), to laugh at.

morceau, m., pièce, moribond, m., dying man.

mort,/., death; à — , fatally.

mort, -e, dead.

morue,/., cod.

mot, m., word.

motif, m., motive, reason.

motte,/., pièce, roll.

mouchoir, m., handkerchief.

mouillé, -e, wet.

moule, m., mold.

moulin, m., mill.

mourant, -e, dying.

mourir, to die.

mourrai, fut. ind. of mourir.

mouton, m., sheep.

mouvement, *»., movement, motion, activity, bustle, manœuver; mettre en — , to set in motion ; se mettre en — , to start, to run.

mouvoir, to move, set in motion.

moyen, m., means, possibility ; au — de, by means of.

mu, -e, past part, of mouvoir.

mugir, to roar.

mugissement, m., bellowing.

mulet, m., mule.

multitude,/., multitude.

multiplier, to multiply.

munir, to provide, provide with.

munitions,/, pi., ammunition.

mur, m., wall, partition.

mûr, -e, ripe.

muraille, m., wall.

mûrier, m., mulberry tree.

mûrir, to ripen.

murmurer, to murmur, whisper.

museau, m., muzzle, nose.

musée, m., muséum.

musique,/., music.

mutilé, -e, mutilated.

myrte, m., myrtle.

nage (à la), /., swimming.

naguère, but lately.

naissance, /., birth.

naître, to be born.

naïvement, naïvely, candidly.

naïveté, /., simplicity.

nappe, /., sheet (of water).

naquit, past def. of naître.

nasiller, to speak through the nose.

natal, -e, natal.

nation, /., nation.

national, -e, national.

nature, /., nature.

natural, -le, natural.

naturel, m., nature, disposition.

naturellement, naturally.

naufrage, m., shipwreck.

naufragé, -e, shipwrecked person.

naval, -e, naval.

navette,/., shuttle, râpe.

navigateur, m., navigator.

navigation,/., navigation.

naviguer, to navigate, sail.

navire, m., ship, boat, vessel; — de commerce, merchantman; — à vapeur, steamship.

ne . . . pas, no, not; ne . . . que, only, nothing but.

né, -e, past part, of naître.

néanmoins, nevertheless.

nécessaire, necessary.

Vocabulaiy

nécessité,/., necessity.

négliger, to neglect.

neige, /., snow.

nerveu-x, -se, nervous.

net, -te, neat, clean, clear.

nettement, distinctly.

neuf, nine.

neu-f, -ve, new; tout — , quite new.

neveu, m., nepbew.

ni . . . ni, neither . . . nor.

niche, /., kennel.

noble, noble.

noblement, nobly.

nocturne, nocturnal, of the night.

noir, -e, black.

noirâte, blackish.

noircir, to blacken

noix, /., nu t.

nom, m., name.

nombre, m., number.

nombreu-x, -se, numerous.

nommer, to name, call, appoint ; se — , to be called.

non, no, not.

nord, m., north; — -ouest, northwest.

normal, -e, normal.

normand, -e, Norman, of Normandy.

notable, m., notable, leading man.

notre, nos, our.

nôtre (le), ours.

Notre-Dame, /., Our Lady.

nourrir, to feed.

nourriture, /., food, board,

feed.

nous, we, us, to us, ourselves ;

chez — , at our house, in our

country.

nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle,

new ; de — again, anew ;

du — , something new.

nouvelles,/., news.

noyer, m., walnut tree.

nu, -e, bare ; pieds — s, bare-

footed.

nuage, m., cloud.

nuée, /., cloud.

nuire, to harm.

nuisit, past def. of nuire, nuit, /., night, night's lodging.

nul, -le, no, not any.

O obéir, to obey.

objection, /., objection.

objet, m., object, article.

obligeant, -e, obliging.

obliger, to oblige, compel.

obscur, -e, dark, obscure.

obscurcir (s'), to grow dark.

obscurité, /., obscurity, dark-

ness.

observat-eur, -rice, observ-

ing.

observer, to observe, watch,

notice.

obtenir, to obtain, get, bring

about.

obtient, obtint, près, and past

def. of obtenir.

Vocabulary

occupation, /., occupation,

work.

occupé, -e, busy.

occuper, to occupy; s' — , to

mind, pay attention.

océan, m., océan.

octobre, m.y October.

odeur,/., odor, smell.

odieu-x, -se, odious.

odorant, -e, fragrant.

œil, m., eye; coup d' — ,

glance; en un clin d' — ,

in the twinkling of an eye.

œillette, /., oil poppy.

œuf, m., egg.

œuvre, /., work.

officier, m., officer.

offre,/., offer.

offrir, to offer, présent.

oh ! oh !

oie, /., goose.

oignon, m., onion.

oiseau, m., bird.

olivier, m., olive tree.

ombrage, m., shade.

ombrager, to shade.

ombre,/., shade, shadow.

omelette, /., omelet.

omnibus (final s pronounced),

m., omnibus, hack.

on, one, they, people, you,

we.

oncle, m., uncle.

onduler, to undulate, sway,

roll.

onze, eleven.

onzième, eleventh.

opérer, to operate.

opposer, to oppose, compare.

or, m., gold.

orage, m., storm.

oranger, m., orange tree.

ordinaire, ordinary ; d' — , usu-

ally.

ordonner, to order, command.

ordre, m., order, rank.

oreille, /., ear; prêter — , to

listen; boucle d' — , ear-

ring.

organiser, to organize.

orgue, m., organ.

orgueil, m., pride.

ornemental, -e, ornamental.

orner, to adorn.

orphelin, -e, orphan.

oser, to dare.

osier, m., willow.

où, where, in which, when ;

d' — , from where, whence?

ou, or.

oublier, to forget.

ouest (pronounce st), m., west.

oui, yes ; mais — , why yes,

yes indeed.

ouragan, m., storm, hurricane.

outil, m., tool.

outrage, m., outrage, insuit.

ouvert, -e, past part, of

ouvrir, ouvrage, m., work.

ouvrier, m.9 workman.

ouvrière, /., working woman.

ouvrir, to open; s' — , to be

opened, open.

Vocabulary

paille, /., straw.

paiement, m., payment, sal-

ary.

pain, m. y bread, loaf.

paire,/., pair, paître, to graze.

paissent, près. ind. of paître, paix,/., peace.

palais, m., palace.

pâle, pale.

pâlir, to grow pale or dim.

palmier, m., palm tree.

panier, m., basket.

panorama, m., panorama.

panser, to dress (a wound),

treat.

pantalon, m., trousers.

pantoufle, /., slipper.

pape, m., pope.

papeterie, /., paper mill.

papier, m., paper.

paquebot, m., steamer.

paquet, m., package, bundle;

— de voyage, traveler's

pack.

par, by, through, on, over,

along, for, in.

paradis, m., paradise, heaven.

paraissait, imperf. ind. of

paraître, paraître, to appear, scem,

look; faire — , to publish,

write.

parapluie, m., umbrella.

parasol, m., parasol.

parbleu ! well ! why ! indeed !

parc, ni., park.

parce que, because.

parcourir, to go over, run through, glance over, walk through.

parcourut, past de}, of parcourir.

par-dessus, over, above.

pardonner, to pardon, forgive.

pareil, -le, similar, like, same, such, equal ; tout — , just the same.

parent, m., relative; pi., parents.

parer (se), to adorn oneself.

paresseu-x, -se, lazy, idler.

parfait, -e, perfect.

parfois, sometimes.

parfumé, -e, fragrant.

parier, to bet, wager.

parler, to speak.

parmi, among, in the midst of.

parole, /., word; adresser la — , to speak, address.

part, /., part, share; de la — de, in the name of ; d'autre — , on the other hand ; faire — , to share; à — , aside ; de toutes — s, from ail sides ; de — et d'autre, on both sides.

partagé, -e, endowed.

partager, to share, divide.

parti, m., décision, profit, advantage.

Vocabulary