livre, m. book
loger, to hâve rooms.
logeuse, /. landlady.
logis, m. dwelling.
loi,/, law.
loin, far.
lointain, m. distance.
Loire, /. river running through Central France, where military opérations were unsuccessfidly conducted (1870- 1871) to relieve the siège of Paris.
long, -ue, long, slow; le — de, along.
longer, to foUow.
longtemps, long (tinte).
longuement, lengthily, at great length, a long time.
longueur, /. length.
lors; — de, at the time of; — même que, even if.
lorsque, when.
louage; de — , hired.
louer, to praîse; rent.
loturd, heavy
lu — , see lire,
luciole, /. firefly, lîghtningbug.
lueur, /. gleam, glow; — vive, flash.
lui, he; to him, to her.
lumière, /. light.
lumineu-x, -se, luminous,
light-flooded.
lime,/, moon.
lunettes, /. pi. spectacles, lutter, to struggle.
luttetur, fighter (literally: wrest-
ler).
mâchoire, /. jaw.
maçon, m. mason.
magasin, m. dépôt; stores; —
d'habillement (clothing stores
of the) quartermaster's de-
partment.
magistrat, m. on the (judîcial)
bench.
magistrature, /. magistracy,
bench (of judges).
magnifique, magniôcent, fine.
main,/, hand.
maintenant, now.
maintenir, to observe (a rule), maire, m. mayor.
mais, but; whyl maison, /. house, cottage, maître, m. master.
maître, -sse, ruling, dominant,
suprême.
mal, m. disease, complaînt,
harm, ill, evil.
mal, badly, ill, with difiSculty.
malade, m. sîck man, invalid,
patient.
malade, ill, sîck.
maladroit, clumsy, awkward.
malaise, m. uncomfortable feel-
ing, discomfort, awkward-
ness.
malaisé, difficult, hard.
malgré, in spite of.
malhabile, clumsy.
malheur, m. misfortune, un-
happiness.
malheureu-z, -se, unhappy,
VOCABULARY
misérable, unfortunate, unlucky.
znainaiii /. mama.
manège, f». riding-school.
manger, to eat.
manière, /. manner, way; — de penser, view.
manifestation, /. manifestation, démonstration.
manœuvre, /. manœuvre (planned military movement),
manquer, to be lacking; y — , fail to do so; • — à, be missed by; — de, want for; — à sa parole, break one's promise.
manteau, m. mantle.
marchand, m. merchant; — de bois, timber merchant.
marche,/, march, walk, step.
marcher, to walk, (military) march; — devant, go first.
mardi, m. Tuesday.
maréchal des logis chef, ûrst quartermaster.
mari, m. husband.
mariage, m. marriage.
Marie, /. the Virgin Mary (the Roman Catholic prayer to whom, known as * Ave Maria,* is begun on p. 63).
marier, to give in marriage; se — , marry.
marine,/ navy
marronnier, m. chestnut tree.
marque, /. note, celebrity; de — , distinguished.
marquer, to mark.
Marseillaise, the French patriotic hymn (0/ which the refrain is: Aux armes, citoyens! Formez vos bataillons!)
marteler, to hammer, lash.
massif, m. clump of shrubbery.
massi-f, -ve, massive, solid.
maternel, -le, maternai, motherly.
matin, m, moming.
matinée, /. morning, morn-
ing's work.
Mathiskopf, a forest on the
frontier of Lower Alsace.
mauvais, bad, ill, awkward.
maximum, m. maximum, great-
est quantity.
mécanique, worked by machin-
ery or steam.
mèche, /. wisp.
méconnu, ignored, trampled
under foot.
médùlle, /. medal.
médiocrement, indifferently.
méfier (se) de, to look out for.
meilleur, better; le, la — , besL mélancoliquement, with melan-
choly.
mélange, m. mixture, mélangé, mixed, qualified.
mêler, to mix, mingle; se — à,
mingle with; s'en — , interfère, [so.
même, even; quand — , even même; le, la — , same; de — ,
simiîarly; tout de — , ail
the same; very; even.
menace,/, threat. menacer, to menace, threaten.
ménage, m. (married) couple, ménagement, m. précaution (to
save the feelings of others);
sans — , unsparingly, ruth-
lessly.
ménager, to provide; secure.
ménagère,/, housewife.
mener, to lead.
mentir, to lie.
menton, m. chin.
méprendre (se), to make a
mistake, misunderstand; ne
pas se — sur, hâve no un-
certainty about.
mépriser, to despise; rise above,
be superior to.
merci, thanksi — de, thank
you for.
VOCABULARY
mère,/, mother.
mériter, to deserve.
merveille, /. marvel; à — ,
marvellously.
mésange,/, tomtit ijbird), mésintelÛgence, /. misunder-
standing.
mesure, /. measure, right a-
mount, step; dépasser la — ,
to go too far; à — que, as far
as, {in proportion) as.
mesurer, to measure; se — ,
take each other's measure.
métier, m. trade, profession, môtre, m. meter ( = 1.09
yard).
mettre, to put; se — à, be-
gin to; put on, wear; take.
meuble, m. {pièce of) furniture.
meublé, furnished.
midi, m. noon.
mien, -ne (le, la), mine.
mieux, better; le — , best;
valoir — , to be better; le
— , the best {plan); de mon
— , to the best of my ability.
milieu, m. middle; environ-
ment, élément.
mille, (one) thousand.
millier, m. thousand.
million, m. million.
mi — , see mettre, mince, slender, thin.
mine, /. {expression of) face, minuit, m. midnight.
xninute, /. minute {60th of
an hour), mise, /. dress.
mode, /. fashîon; à la ...
mode, in the ... fashion.
modèle, m. model, pattern.
modeler, to mould, fashion.
modérer, to moderate, temper,
hush.
modifier, to modify.
moelle, /. marrow.
moindre, lesser; le, la — , the
least.
moins, less; le — , least; au, du — , at least; n'en ...
pas moins, none the Içss for that.
mois, m. mon th.
moisson, /. harvest, crop.
moiteur,/, moisture.
moitié, /. half ; à — , half.
momie,/, mummy.
mon, ma, mes, my.
monastère, m, monastery, couvent.
mondain, worldly, as a man of the world, of society.
monde, w. world, society, people; au — , in the world.
monologue, m, monologue, so> liloquy.
monsieur, Mr; the Master, the boss.
montagne,/, mountaîn.
montant, upward-slopîng, on rising ground.
monter, to come up, ride; — sur, climb, take up.
montrer, to show.
monumental, monumental, huge.
moral, moral, of the character.
moralement, morally, in character, at heart.
mordre, to bite.
mort, m. dead man, corpse; tête de — , death's head.
mot, m. Word; le — juste, the right Word; se donner le — , to form a conspiracy, conspire.
mouchoir, m, pocket handkerchief .
moue,/, grimace, face.
mourir, to die.
mousse, /. moss.
moustache,/, mustache.
mouvement, m, movement, motion; en — , waving, fluttering.
moyen, m, means.
VOCABULARY
muet, -te, dumb.
mugissement, m, bellowing, roar.
multiple, many.
multitude, /. midtitude.
Munich, capital of Bavaria.
mur, m. wall.
mûr, ripe.
muraille, /. wall.
murmture, m. murmur, rustling.
muscle, m, muscle.
musée, m. muséum, gallery; — de peinture, picture gallery.
musical, musical, harmonious.
mystère, m. mystery.
mystérieu-x, -se, mysterious.
myope, m. f, shortsighted (person).
nacrée, pearly.
nager, to swim.
nal-f, -ve, ingenuous.
naître, to be born; faire — ,
bring forth.
nappe, /. tablecloth.
naqui — , see naître, naseau, m. nostril {of animais).
nature,/, nature; sc^nery.
naturel, -le, natural.
naturellement, naturally.
navrant, heartbreaking.
ne ... pas, ne ... point, not.
ne ... plus, no longer, ne ... que, nothing but, only.
né, see naître, n'est-ce pas? eh?
nécessaire, necessary, called
for; le — , the needful.
nef, /. nave {of a church), négative, /. the négative side.
négliger, to neglect, on^it.
négocier, to negociate, carry
through.
nerveusement, nervously, ex-
citedly.
nerveu-x, -se, nervous, mus-
cular, sinewy.
nettement, clearly, sharply.
neuf, nine.
neu-f, -ve, new; flambant — ,
brand new.
neveu, m. nephew.
nez, m. nose.
ni, nor; ni ... ni, neither ... nor.
no = numéro, noblesse,/, nobîlity, something
noble; noble blood; men of
high birth. .
nœud, m. knot, bow {AlscUian
women hâve for national
headdress a white cap with
a huge bow of black rMon).
noir, black, gloomy.
nom, m. name.
nombreux, -se, numerous,
countless, where there are.
many people.
nommer, to name, elect; se — ,
bear the name of.
non, no.
nonchalant, careless.
nord, m. north.
nos, pi. of notre, note, /. mark, {musical) note, notre, our.
nôtre (le, la), e/c, ours; un des
— s, one of us.
nouer, to tie.
noueu-x, -se, knotty, gnarled.
nouveau, nouvelle, new, newly
arrived; de — , anew, again,
once more, nouvelle, /. news, pièce of
news; demander des — s de,
to ask after.
nouvellement, newly, recently.
nu, bare.
nuage, m. cloud.
nuancer, to shade, put shades
{of color, tonCy etc.) into.
nuire à, to damage, jeopardize.
VOCABULARY
nuit, /. night.
nul, nulle, no, no one.
numéro, m, number; copy (of a 'paper, etc).
obéir (à), to obey.
Obemai, dbout 15 miles S. W.
of Strasburg.
objection, /. objection, diflâ-
culty. objet, m. object, subject.
obligation, /. necessity, what
one is compelled or obliged to
do.
obliger, to oblige, compel.
obliquer, to eut across.
obscurité, /. darkness.
observation, /. reprimand.
observer, to notice.
obstacle, m. obstacle.
obstiner (s*) à, to persist in.
obtenir, to obtain.
obus, m. shell (military), occasion, /. opportunity.
occupé, busy.
occuper, to occupy; s' — a,
set about.
odeur, /. odor, smell.
odieu-x, -se, hateful.
odorant, fragrant.
œil, tn. eye; coup d' — , glance.
œuvre,/, work. ^ offensant, offensive.
officiel, -le, officiai, in or of
the government.
officier, m. officer.
officieu-x, -se, unofficial.
offrir, to offer proffer.
oiseau, m. bird.
ombrageu-x, -se, touchy, sen-
sitive.
ombre, /. shadow, shade, dark,
darkness, shelter.
oncle, m. uncle.
onduleu-x, -se, sinuous, wavy.
ongle, w.(finger) nail.
onglier, m. manicure case.
opiner, to express one' s opinion.
opinion, /. opinion, view; public opinion.
opposer, to oppose; s' — , make opposition.
oppression,/, oppression, bullying.
opter, to choose one's allegiance (here^ to France or Germany),
or, m. gold.
or, now.
orage, m. storm.
orageu-x, -se, stormy.
orbite, /. socket {of the eye).
ordinaire, ordinary, usual; d* — , usually,
ordonnance, /. orderly (military servant).
ordonné, orderly.
ordonner, to command, order.
ordre, m. order; arrangement; train, set.
oreille,/, ear.
organiser, to get up.
orgueil, m. pride (bordering on vanity).
orgueilleu-x, -se, proud, haughty.
oriental, eastem.
original, original, peculiarly one's own.
origine, /. extraction.
orner, to adorn, décora te.
ornière, /. rut, cart rut.
os, m. bone.
oser, to dare.
ôter, to remove, take off, take out.
ou, or.
où, where, in which; when.
oubli, m. forgetfulness.
oublier, to forget.
oublieu-x, -se, forgetful.
ouest, m. West.
oui, yes.
ourlet, m. hem. ^
ouvertement, openly.
ouverture, /. opening.
ouvrage, m. work.
ouvrir, to open.
ouvrier, m. workman, laborer, mill hand.
paix, /. peace.
pâle, pale, pallid.
palier, m. landing.
pâlir, to turn pale.
panier, m. basket.
pansage, m, groomîng (of
horses).
pansu, fat-bellîed (boUle), pantalon, m. trousers.
papier, m. paper.
Pâques, Ëaster.
par, by, etc; in ... (weather), parade, /. (military) parade, paraître, to appear, seem; â
ce qu'il paraît, so it seems.
parc, m. grounds (around a
mansion)y park; — d'arbres,
well timbered park.
parce que, because.
parcourir, to go over, peruse.
par-dessus, over (implying motion), pardon, m. forgiveness. — I
excuse mel pardonner, to pardon, forgive.
pareil, -le, simiiar, like; such;
un — ..., such a ...
parent, m. parent, relation,
relative; n'être pas — s,
net to be one family.
parfait, perfect; most kind.
parfaitement, certainly, abso-
lutely.
parfum, m. perfume.
parlementer, to negotiate.
parler, to speak; sans — de,
to say nothing of.
parmi, among.
parole, /. word, speech.
paroxysme» m. paroxysm, height.
parquet, m, floor.
part, /. share, part; de ma* — , from me; de la — de, from, at the hands of; quelque — , somewhere; *ntille — , nowhere.
partager, to dlvide, share.
parti, m, {political) party; prendre son — , to make up one's mind; prendre son — de, to submit to, get over, resign oneself, be reconciled to; prendre le — de quelqu'un, to stand up for a person.
particuli-er, -ère, particular, spécial, private.
partie, /. part; party; faire — de, to belong to; — s contractantes, high contracting parties; game.
partir, to leave, départ, be off, start; à — de, from.
partout, everywhere.
paru — y see paraître.
parvenir à, to reach; succeed in.
pas, m. step, pace; ne ... pas, not ... a bit, not.
passage, m. passing, pass, way through; au — .de, on passing through.
passé, m. past.
passer, to pass, pass by; hand round; spend (titne); put on (clothes); se — , take place; se — de, do without.
passionné, impassioned, passionate.
paternel, -le, fatherly, of ...
father.
patrie, /. fatherland, country.
patrimonial, ancestral {literally:
which is an heirloom),
patriote, m. patriot.
patriote, patriotic.
VOCABULARY
patron, m, boss.
patronne, (female) patron saint.
paupière, /. eyelid.
pauvre, poor.
pavé, m. paving-stone.
payer (de), to reward ... (for).
pays, m, country, terri tory; le — , thèse parts; (in peasant speech) fellow-countryman.
paysage, m, landscape, scenery.
paysan, m. peasant.
peau, /. skin.
peindre, to paint, depict, describe.
peine,/, trouble, hardship, difficulty, grief, {mental) pain; à — , hardly, no sooner; à
— si, it is ail (he) can do to ...
peintre, m. painter.
peinture,/, painting; musée de
— , picture gallery.
pèlerin, m. piigrim.
peloton, m. (milUary ter m),
small body, detachment.
pelouse,/, lawn.
pencher (se), to lean, bend
down.
pendant, during; — que, while.
pendre, to hang.
pendule, /. dock, pénétrer, to penetrate, enter;
comprehend.
pénible, distressing, painful
{io the mind).
péniblement, laboriously, with
difficulty. [view.
pensée, /. thought, thoughts, penser, to think, imagine;
— à> think of .
pension,/, school.
pente, /. slope, hillside.
perceptible, perceptible, audible.
percer, to pierce, show, appear.
percevoir, to catch {a sound, etc.).
perche,/, pôle.
perdre, to lose, waste, destroy.
perdu, lost, done for.
père, m. father.
perfection, /. perfection; dans
la — , to perfection.
perle, /. pearl, bead; — fine,
{real) pearl.
permettre, to permit, allow,
suffer; se — de, take the lib-
erty of.
permission, /. permission, permit, leave, leave of absence.
perpétuer, to perpétua te; se
— , revive, continue.
perron, m, {flight of) steps
(outside the house).
persistance, /. continuance.
persister, to persist.
personnage, m. personage, per-
son, party; hauts — s, big
men.
personne,/, person; — s, people;
m. anybody, nobody.
personnel, m. workers.
personnel, -le, personal.
personnellement, personally.
personnifier, to personify.
perspective, /. prospect, pesant, heavy.
peser, to weigh; — sur, influence.
pétale, m. petal.
petit, little, small, petty; m.
boy, lad.
petit-fils, m. grandson.
petite-fille, /. granddaughter.
peu, m. little, small quantity;
le — de repos, the short
rest.
peu, little, few; — à — , little
by little, by degrees.
peuple, m. people, mass, race.
peur, /. fear; avoir — , to be
afraid, fear, tremble, peut-être, perhaps, maybe,
probably.
phénomène, m. phenomenon.
VOCABULARY
phrase, /. phrase, sentence,
musical straîn.
physionomie, /. countenance.
physique, physical, athletic.
pièce, /. pièce; room; — de
réception, réception room.
pied, m. foot, plant, pierre,/, stone.
pile, /. pile, stack. pilier, m. pillar.
pipe,/, (tobacco) pipe.
pis, worse; le pis, the worst;
tant — , so much the worse.
pitié, /. pity; par — , for pity's
sake.
place, /. place, seat; room;
position, berth.
placer, to place, put, set, seat.
plafond, m. ceiling.
plaign — , see plaindre, plaindre, to pity; se — , com-
plain.
plaine, /. plain, flat lands.
plaire, to please; se — , be
happy.
plaisamment, jestingly.
plaisanter, to joke, jest.
plaisir, m. pleasure; faire — à,
to delight.
plan, m. plan, project.
planche, /. board.
planter, to plant, stick in the
ground.
plat, m. dish.
plat, flat; terres — es, level
plains.
plate-bande, /. flower-bed.
Platon, Plato (the first Greek
wfiter on philosophy^ 427-
plein, full; — air, open air.
pleurer, to weep, shed tears,
cry; weep over. pli, m. fold, crease, wrinkle.
plier, to bend.
plissé, wrinkled, screwed-up,
half-closed (eyes), pluie, /. rain; en — , like rain.
plupart, /. majority; la — de,
most.
plutôt, rather, sooner, better.
plus, more; de — en — , more
and more; ne ... — , no longer; pas — , neither.
plusieurs, several.
poche, /. pocket.
poignet, m. wrist.
poing, m. fist; tendre le — ,
to shake one's fist.
point, m. point, degree; ne ...
— , not; — de vue, view-
point, standpoint.
pointe, /. tip, top.
pointer, to point; — en avant,
stick out forward; — sur,
make straight for.
poitrine,/, chest.
poU, poUte.
politesse, /. politeness, cour-
tesy.
politique, political; /. poli tics, pommette, /. cheek bone.
portail, m. door, doorway.
porte,/, door.
porter, to carry, bear; (of a
hlow) tell; wear; set down,
enter {on a list); se — , be
(in health); march; se —
candidat à la députation,
run for élection to the
Reichstag.
portière, /. carnage door.
posément, quietly.
poser, to place, lay down; se
— , (of questions) to arise.
posséder, to own.
poster (se), to take one's
stand.
potager; jardin — , garden,
vegetable garden.
poteau, m. post.
pour, for, in order to; in the
case of; even though; —
moi, on my sîde.
pourquoi ...? Why ...?
pourr — , see pouvoir.
VOCABULARY
poursoivre, to pursue, be after.
pourtant, (and) yet.
pousser, to push, push open;
incite; grow.
pousâère, /. dust, pollen {of
flowers).
poussiéreu-x, -se, dusty, dust
covered.
pouvoir, m. power; — établi,
powers that be.
pouvoir, to be able; can; n'en
— plus, be wom out.
pourvu que, provided that;
I only hope that ...
prairie, /. meadow land.
pratique, practical.
pré, m. field.
précaution, /. care, caution, précédent, preceding, before.
précéder, to précède.
précipité, hurried, panting.
précipiter, to hurry, hasten;
— sa course, increase one's speed.
précisément, precisely, exactly.
préciser, to specify; se — , become definite.
prédire, to predict, prophesy.
préférence, /. préférence.
préférer, to prefer; ... would rather.
préfet, m. prefect (Jiighest civil oficer).
préjugé, m, préjudice.
premier, m. second story {first ahove the ground floor).
premi-er, -ère, first.
première, /. first-class (on trains).
prendre, to take; take a view (of athing); captivate; take (one^s way)y turn; s'y — , set about it; — pour, take for, conceîve to be; se faire — , get caught; — son parti, see parti.
prénom, m, Christian name, first name, given name.
préparer, to prépare, bring
about.
près, — de, near; à peu — ,
about, fairly.
prescrit, prescribed.
présence, /. présence.
présent, m. présent; à — , now.
présentation, /. introduction.
présenter, to présent, intro-
duce; se — , run (for office), presque, almost.
pressé, in a hurry.
presser, to urge, hurry; — le
pas, walk quickly.
prestement, quickly.
prestidigitateur, m. conjurer.
prêt, ready.
prétendre, to profess, claim,
assert; — à, aspire to.
prétentieu-x, -se, conceited.
prétention,/, claim, pretension;
avoir la — de, to claim you
can ..., mean to.
prétexte, m. pretext, pretence.
prêtre, m. priest.
preuve, /. proof ; à — , do you
want a proof?
prévaloir, to prevail, win.
prévenance, /. attentions.
prévenant, attentive, friendly.
prévenir, to warn, notify, tell.
prévention, /. préjudice.
prévoir, to foresee.
prier, to pray, beg, request; je
vous en prie, I beg of you.
primitivement, originally.
printemps, m. spring.
pri — , see prendre, prises, /. pi. mettre aux — ,
to oppose, pît against each
other.
prison,/, prison, imprisonment.
prisonnier, m. prîsoner.
privat-docent, (German name
for) instructor (at a uni-
versity) .
priver, to deprive.
privilégié, m. privileged man.
prix, m. price; y mettre le — ,
to pay what it costs.
probable, likely.
probablement, probably.
problème, m, problem.
procès, m. lawsuit.
prochain, next, approachîng.
proche, near, nearby.
prodigieusement, prodigiously,
marvelously.
produire, to produce, cause;
se — , occur, take place, professeur, m, professor.
professionnel, professîonal^
technical.
profit, m,, profit, advantage;
mettre à — , to make the
most of.
profiter (de), to profit (by) , take
advantage of, use; faire —
... de, give ... the benefit of.
profond, deep, profound.
profondément, profoundly.
profondeur, /. depth.
projet, m. project, plan, scheme.
projeter, to plan.
prolonger, to prolong, continue,
protract, carry overtime.
promenade, /. walk.
promener, to lead round, cast
about; se — , be out walking.
promeneu-r, -se, m. f. walker,
pedestrian, tourist.
promesse, /. promise, promettre, to promise. ♦ promis, engaged.
promontoire, m. promontory,
cape, prompt, quick.
prononcer, to pronounce, speak,
utter.
proportionné, proportioned, set
up.
propos, m. speech, remark, lan-
guage; à tout — , ail the
time.
proposer, to propose, suggest.
propre, clean; own.
propriétaire, m, owner, master,
landowner.
prospère, prospérons, prospérer, to thrive, prosper.
prospérité, /. prosperity.
protéger, to protect, look out
for, screen.
protecteur, protecting, patron-
izing.
protestant, of the Protestant
religion, protestataire, protestîng
(against German rule in
Alsace).
prouver, to prove.
provision, /. provision, lot.
provoca-tèur, -trice, aggres-
sive.
provoquer, to provoke. cause, proximité, /. vicinity; à — de,
in the vicinity of.
prudemment, prudently.
prudent, prudent, cautions.
Prusse,/. Prussia.
prussien, -ne, Prussian.
pu — , see pouvoir, publi-c, -que, public.
puis, then, next.
puisque, since (= because). ^ puiss — , see pouvoir, puissamment, powerfully,
mightily.
puissance,/, power, might.
puissant, m. man of power.
puissant, powerful.
puissions-nous ...1 see pouvoir,
may we ...!
punir, to punish.
quai, m. quay, wharf.
qualité, /. quality, nature,
character.
quand, when; — même, even
so.
quart, m. quart er.
VOCABULARY
quartier, m, quarter, part {of
a town); barracks.
quatre, four, quatre- vingt (s), eighty; —
treize, ninety-three.
Que ...! How ...! — de ...1 What
a lot o£ ...!
quel, -le, whal, which; — ...!
What a...!
quelconque, whichever it may
be; l'une — , some one or
other.
quelque, some; — s, a few;
— ... que, whatever.
quelquefois, sometimes.
.quelques-uns, pi. of quelqu'un, quelqu'un, someone.
quenouille, /. distaff.
querelle,/, quarrel.
question, /. question, subject,
matter.
quinze, fifteen.
quitter, to leave; se — , part;
cease holding, take off
(clothes).
quoi, what, which; en — , where-
in, in which, how; après — ,
after which; — ? what do
you mean by ...? — que,
whatever.
quoique, although.
quotidien, -ne, daily.
rabattre, to beat down; se — , swing back.
raccourcir, se — , to shorten, draw in.
race,/, race, breed.
raconiter, to relate, tell (a storyy etc.),
raffiné, extra-particular, highly cultured; — d'honneur, highly sensitive on points of honor.
rafraîchissement, m, refreshment.
raideur,/, stiffness.
raidi, stiffened; stiff.
raidillon, m. slope.
raison, /. reason, motive; donner — à, to say ... is right; avoir — de, to get the better of.
ralentir, to make slower, slacken, delay.
rallié, reconciled {to the new order of things).
ramener, to bring back.
rang, m. rank, row.
ranimer, to revive.
rapide, quick.
rapidement, rapidly, quickly, hastily.
rappeler, to recall, call back, remind of; — (quelqu'un) au souvenir de, to remember (a person) to ...
rapporter, to bring back; report, relate.
rapprochement, m. reconciliation.
rapprocher, to draw nearer; se — de, incline toward.
rare, rare, few, infrequent.
ras, shorn, timberless.
raser, to shave.
rassembler, to gather together; se — , puU oneself together.
rasseoir, se — , to sit down again.
rassurer, to reassure.
rater, to miss.
ration, /. ration, allowance.
ratisser, to rake.
rauque, hoarse.
ravier, m. radish tray.
ravir, to delight.
raviver, se — , to revive.
rayer, to streak.
rayon, m. ray, cîrcle of light.
rayonner, to beam.
rebattu, {ears) dinned into {with),
rebondk, to rebound.
VOCABULARY
rebuter, to dishearten.
récent, récent.
recevoir, to receive.
recherché, courted, in demand; particular, careful {in dresSy etc) .
rechercher, to seek (after), seek (in marrîage), court.
réciter, to recite.
récolter, to harvest, pick, gather.
recommander, to recommend, urge; request particularly, give spécial orders; introduce.
récompenser, to reward.
réconcilier, to reconcile, restore the harmony of.
reconnaissance, /. gratitude; {military) reconnoitring trip.
reconnaissant, grateful.
reconnaître, to recogpize, acknowledge, grant; be able to tell; {military) reconnoitre.
reçu — , see recevoir.
recueillement, m. composure.
recul, m. recoil.
reculer, to retreat, back, stop; se — , step back.
redevenir, to become again.
redingote,/, frock coat, 'Prince Albert.'
redoubler, to redouble, get worse and worse.
redoutable, redoubtable, formidable.
redouter, to dread.
redressé, drawn up to fuU height.
redresser, to straighten; se — , draw oneself up, raise one's head {and shoulders).
réfectoire, m. refectory, dining hall.
refermer, se — , to close, shut again.
réfléchir, to reflect, think (about it).
reflet, m. reflected light, re-
flection, glow.
réfractaire, refractory, stub-
born.
refuge, m, refuge, shelter,
space.
réfugier (se), to seek or take
refuge, flee.
refus, m. refusai.
refuser, to refuse, décline, regagner, to regain, reach.
regard, m. look, glance, eyes.
regarder, to look; concern, be
the business of; se — au
fond des yeux, look each
other straight in the eye.
régiment, w. régiment; (figur*
atively) army.
région,/, région, department.
règle, /. rule.
réglé, settled. [law.
règlement, m. régulation, rule, regretter, to regret, be sorry
for.
régulier, regular.
Reichstag, the German House
of Représentatives.
reine,/, queen.
rejeter, to cast away or aside.
rejoign — , see rejoindre, rejoindre, to join, overtake.
relation, — s, intercourse, ac-
quaintances, friendships,
connection; mettre en —
avec, to introduce to.
relevé, lifted up; nez — , up-
tumed nose.
relever, to pick up, raise, lift,
push back {hair); challenge;
se — , get up again.
relief, m. sharp outlines.
religieuse, /. nun.
remarquer, to notice, remerciement, m. thanks.
remercier, to thank.
remettre, to put again; se —
à, begin again to; postpone,
defer.
VOCABULARY
remi — , see remettre.
remise, /. coach house.
remonter, to reascend, climb up agaîn.
rempart, m, rampart.
remplacer, to replace, take the place of.
remplir, to fill, fulfil.
remporter, to carry away or off ; — ime victoire, gain a vietory.
remuer, to move, stir.
rencontre, /. meeting (with); encounter; faire une — , to meet somebody.
rencontrer, to meet; se — , be met with.
rendez-vous, m. appointment, meeting; donner — à, to appoint a meeting with.
rendre, to render, make; se — , repair, make one*s way.
renégat, m, renegade.
renier, to disown, go back on, give the lie to.
renoncer (à), to give up, throw up.
renouer, to tie again; — connaissance, renew acquaintance.
renouveler, to renew, renovate, alter.
renseignement, m. information; aller aux — s, to make inquiries.
rentré, home again.
rentrer, to go back, go home, return.
renverser, to throw down; se — , throw oneself backward.
renvoyer, to send away, dismiss, cashier, fire.
répandre, to shed, spread; se — , spread.
répandu, très — , of wide acquaintance.
reparaître, to reappear.
réparation,/, repair.
réparer, to repaîr, restore, amend.
repartir, to go away again, leave; go on speaking.
repas, m. repast, meal.
repasser, to pass again.
répéter, to repeat, harp upon.
répondre, to answer, respond; be in harmony with; — à, return {one good deed for another); en — , answer for that.
réponse, /. answer.
reporter, to bring back.
repos, m. rest, repose.
reposer, to set down again; lay; lie; se — , rest.
repousser, to repel, push back, push away, reject, fail to grasp.
reprendre, to pick up, résume, go on; recover, regain; correct.
représentant, m. représentative, spokesman.
représenter, to présent again; make out.
repri — , see reprendre.
réprimer, to repress.
repris, preoccupied anew.
reprise, /. resumption, recovery ; — de possession, recovered possession. (For the his^ torical hasts of ihis remark ^ see Introduction.)
réprobation, /. disapproval.
reprocher, to reproach.
répugnance, /. reluctance.
réserve, /. (army) reserve forces {to which educated youths are admitted after one year^s service as *volunteers').
réserver, to reserve, keep for.
résignation, /. résignation {to one* s fate), acquiescence.
résigner (se), to resign oneself, be resigned.
VOCABULARY
résistance, /. résistance.
résister à, to resist, withstand, stand (a test),
résolu à, determined upon.
résolument, resoluteiy.
résolution, /. resolution, résolve.
résolvant, see résoudre.
résonner, to resound, sound, écho.
résoudre, to résolve; solve (a prohlem, difficulty, etc.).
respect, m. respect, révérence.
respirer, to breathe.
responsable, responsible; rendre — , to hold ... responsible. [like.
ressembler à, to resemble, be
ressentir, to feel.
ressortir, to come out again; — de, stand out against.
ressuscité, brought back to life, risen (p. 58).
ressusciter, to bring back to life.
rester, to remain, stay; — à savoir, remain to be seen.
résultat, m. resuit.
rétablir (se), to get better or well again.
retard, m. delay; en — , late.
retarder, to postpone, put oS.
retenir, to detain, restrain, repress; engage.
retentir, to sound, resound, écho.
retin — , see retenir.
retirer, to withdraw; se — , retreat, retire.
retomber, to drop again, f ail back.
retour, m. retum; faire — à (p. 81), to retum to the fold of. {For the facts, see Introduction.)
retourner, se — , to turn round.
retraite, /. retreat, corner, hiding-place.
retraverser, to recross, go through again.
retrouver, to find again, recover, meet again, join (a person) ; aller — , go back to.
rétmion, /. meeting.
réunir, to bring together; se — , gather together, foregather.
réussir, to succeed, achieve success.
rêve, m. dream.
réveiller, to wake.
révéler, to reveal, bare, show.
revendiquer, to claim.
revenir, to come back, retum; Je te reviens (p. 22), I am yours once more! — sur, hark back to; — de, reconsider.
revenu de, home from, recovered from.
rêver, to dream.
revivre, to live again, come to life again, flash with new Ufe.
revoir, to see again, be again the scène of; meet; se — ,* meet (again), set eyes on each other; au — I good byel so longl
revu, see revoir.
revue, /. inspection; passer la — , to conduct an inspection.
rhénan, Rhenish, of the Rhine.
Rhin, m. Rhine (river rising in Switzerlandf and after separating Alsace on the west fronti the Grand Duchy of Baden on the east, fiowing into the North Sea through Holland).
ricaner, to laugh affectedly.
riche, m. man of wealth.
riche, rich, wealthy.
rideau, m. curtain;
rien, m. trifle.
VOCABULARY
rien, anything, nothing; ne ...
rien, nothing.
riposter, to retort, rire, m. laugh, laughter.
rire, to laugh.
risquer, to run the risk.
rivière, /. river.
robe,/, dress.
robuste, stalwart, sturdy.
roche,/, rock, rocher, m. rock, rôder, to prowl.
rôle, m. part (in the cast of a
play^ etc.), rompre, to break, break up.
rond, round.
ronde,/, round, rose, rosy, pink.
roue,/, wheel.
rouge, red.
rougir, to grow red, blush,
flush up.
rouillé, rusty, husky. roulé, rolling.
rouler, to roU, roU on.
route, /. road, way, path.
rouvrir, se — , to reopen.
rou-x, -sse, reddish.
ruban, m. ribbon.
rude, rough, blunt, harsh.
ruine,/, ruin.
russification, /. Russianizing
(making Russian), rustique, rustic.
sable, m. sand, gravel.
sablé, gravelled.
sabre, m. sword, saber.
saccadé, jerky.
sach — , see savoir, sacrifier, to sacrifice.
sacristain, m. sexton.
saillant, projecting.
saillie, /. projection; faire to stick out.
Sainte-Odile, Saînt-Odilia (patron Saint of Alsace, whose monastery is a place of pilgrimage to the natives),
sais, see savoir.
saisi, struck with amazement.
saisir, to seize, catch (words, meaningy etc.).
saison, /. season, spell, sta^ (at a watering'Place) .
Salle, /. hall, large room, living room; — à manger, dining room.
salon, m. drawing-room.
saluer, to salute, bow to; se — , greet one another.
salut, m, salutation, bow, greeting.
samedi, m. Saturday.
sang, m. blood; froid, cool-
ness, composure.
sangler, to cinch (a horse); dress in tight clothes.
sanglot, m. sob.
sangloter, to sob.
sanguin, full-blooded, niddy.
sans, without, but for; — que, without.
santé, /. health.
sapin, m. fir.
sapinière, /. fir grove.
sapristil Great Scottl
satisfait, satisfied, glad.
sauf, save, except.
sauter, to leap.
sauvage, wila, shy, reserved.
sauver, to save.
savoir, to know, learn; — (with injinitive), know enough to.
Saxe, m. Saxony porcelain.
scandale, m. scandai, (disgraceful) exhibition.
scandaleusement, scandalous-
ly.
